Digital Commons Network^™

Killing Us Sweetly: How To Take Industry Out Of The Fda, Jason Iuliano

Journal of Food Law & Policy

For more than a century, the Food and Drug Administration has claimed to protect the public health. During that time, it has actually been placing corporate profits above consumer safety. Nowhere is this corruption more evident than in the approval of artificial sweeteners. FDA leaders' close ties to the very industry they were supposed to be regulating present a startling picture. Ignoring warnings from both independent scientists and their own review panels, FDA decision makers let greed guide their actions. They approved carcinogenic sweeteners such as saccharin, aspartame, and sucralose while simultaneously banning the natural herb stevia because it would …

Not Cool: The Consequences Of Mandatory Country Of Origin Labeling, Matt Mullins

Journal of Food Law & Policy

The much anticipated and hotly debated Country-of-Origin Labeling (COOL) provision of the 2002 Farm Bill went into effect on September 30, 2008. The interim final rule published on August 1, 2008 finally put into law a provision first passed in the 2002 farm bill. This provision requires grocery stores and other retailers who sell food products to the private consumer to label certain meats, vegetables, fruits, and nuts with their country of origin. Foods that must be labeled are identified in the bill as "covered commodities." But, for all of the covered commodities, there exists a substantial list of products …

Full Issue: Vol. 64, Issue 2

Sci-Tech News

No abstract provided.

Sci-Tech 2010 Conference Sessions - Sessions Led By Or Co-Sponsored By The Sci-Tech Division, Hilary Davis

Sci-Tech News

Mark your calendars to attend these terrific Division programs.

Tooth Loss, Apolipoprotein E, And Decline In Delayed Word Recall, P. S. Stein, R. J. Kryscio, M. Desrosiers, Sara J. Donegan, M. B. Gibbs

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Our previous research suggests an association between a low number of teeth and increased risk of dementia. The aim of the present study was to determine if a low number of teeth is specifically related to memory decline as evidenced by low Delayed Word Recall scores. In addition, we examined the combined effect of a low number of teeth and the apolipoprotein E ϵ4 allele on Delayed Word Recall scores. We hypothesized that the scores of those who had the allele and a low number of teeth (0-9) would decline more rapidly over time than those participants with a greater …

Ucc Minutes, May 11, 2010, University Curriculum Council

UCC Agendas/Minutes

No abstract provided.

Attitudes Of Young Adults About Breastfeeding And The Association Of Breastfeeding Exposure, Cheryl Lynn Darby-Carlberg

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

This study was conducted to determine the attitudes of young adults in Clark County, Nevada about breastfeeding and was a replication of part of a study by Marrone, Vogeltanz-Holm, and Holm (2008). The theory for reasoned action was used as the framework to guide the study. This theory explains deliberate behavior and how specific behaviors, such as breastfeeding, are affected by individual attitudes and social support. The research is a cross-sectional correlational study and sought to test two null hypotheses: (1) There is no association between previous exposure to breastfeeding and positive attitudes toward breastfeeding, and (2) There is no …

Factors Associated With Blood Lead Levels Of Children In Southern Nevada, Mackenzie Suzanne Burns

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Exposure to lead continues to be a public health concern, particularly for young children. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report that approximately 250,000 children currently have blood lead levels (BLLs) above the level at which adverse health effects are apparent and intervention is recommended (10μg/dL). National surveillance data on childhood lead exposure has been collected for children under the age of 6 years old since 1995. However, not until 2006 did a program begin in Nevada (limited to Clark County); therefore, statewide data about childhood lead exposure in Nevada remains limited. The goal of this study was to …

The Relationship Of A Long-Term Exercise Program And Selected Coronary Risk Factors, Maryse Wells

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The purpose of this study was to investigate body composition and blood pressure as potential risk factors for coronary artery disease after 3 years of participation in a structured exercise program. The sample group was comprised of 21 male participants (66%) and 11 (34%) female participants with a mean age of 55 years who attended the exercise program and completed health and fitness testing annually. Participants did cardiovascular, strength, and flexibility training 5 days a week with an average attendance of 70%. After 3 years, BMI, waist circumference, and percent body fat increased significantly (p < .01); blood pressure levels did not change significantly (p > .05). Low control of diet …

Effects Of Obesity On The Biomechanics Of Children’S Gait At Different Speeds, Philana-Lee Gouws

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and spatio-temporal gait characteristics of overweight/obese and non-obese school-aged children (12-14 years) at two different walking speeds. Eighty-four overweight/obese (n=28; age: 13.96 ± 0.79 yrs; mass: 74.8 ± 18.21 kg; height: 159.2 ± 7.1 cm and BMI: 29.28 ± 5.64 kg/m2) and non-obese students (n=56; age: 13.72 ± 0.79 yrs; mass: 51.7 ± 10.2 kg; height: 157.8 ± 8.3 cm and BMI: 20.69 ± 2.74 kg/m2) with no present injuries were recruited. Participants were instructed to walk across an electronic walkway in each of two …

Does Mean Osteon Size Change With Age, Sex Or Handedness? Analysis Of The Second Metacarpal In A 19th Century Sample From Belleville, Ontario, Canada, Bridget Jennifer Denny

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Histological analysis of cortical bone can be used to provide information on age at death, health status, and the influence of biomechanical forces on bones. Specifically, a better understanding of the variation in mean osteon size can increase our knowledge about the influence of factors such as age and sex associated changes and their effects on bone metabolic functions. Previous studies suggest that these influences are bone specific and have produced varying results regarding the association between osteon size and the variables mentioned above. To date, no research has focused on mean osteon size in metacarpals. The purpose of this …

Trade And Exchange In The Neolithic Near East: Implications Of Obsidian Remains From Ais Yiorkis, Cyprus, Megan M. Melson

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Lithic material has proven to be the most prevalent artifact to come out of the Ais Yiorkis strata, but there is also a plentitude of other artifacts, such as fauna, seeds, and the more elusive obsidian bladelets. There are currently about 42 obsidian artifacts (both fragmented and complete) in the Ais Yiorkis collection, and curiously enough, they are all in bladelet form, suggesting these artifacts were traded in from elsewhere due to the lack of obsidian debitage at the site. This obsidian has been sourced to the Chiftlik region in Anatolia (Turkey), which suggests some degree of trade within the …

An Updated History Of The Teratology Society., Thomas H Shepard, Mason Barr, Robert L Brent, Andrew Hendrickx, Devendra Kochhar, Godfrey Oakley, William J Scott, John M Rogers

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The 49-year history of the Teratology Society is reviewed. An abbreviated history is outlined in table form, with listings of the Warkany Lectures, the Continuing Education Courses, and officers of the society. The original article was updated to include the years 2000 to 2010.

METHODS: A year-by-year description of the events is given, including the scientific and social content of the annual meetings and changes in the business of the society, in many cases using comments from the past presidents. The valuable and unique diversity of the members is discussed and illustrated, presenting the disciplines and main research areas …

Molecular Characterization Of The Murf Gene Family: Potential Role In Rainbow Trout Muscle Degradation, Jiannan Wang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

As United States and world seafood demand increases, aquaculture production becomes more important. Limited knowledge of molecular regulation of muscle growth and flesh quality hinders genetic improvement of these important traits in fish. Our goal is to enhance muscle growth and fillet quantity in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Muscle growth is determined primarily by rate of protein turnover. Unlike mammals, rapidly growing fish have reduced protein degradation rather than increased protein synthesis. Studies in mammals showed that muscle atrophy results from increased protein breakdown, and is associated with activation of the ubiquitin proteasome pathway including induction of the muscle-specific ubiquitin …

Satisfaction Of Contract Poultry Producers In Virginia And West Virginia, Christina L. Richmond

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study investigated the satisfaction of contract poultry producers in West Virginia and Virginia using a mailed questionnaire. Producers were asked to provide feedback on their company, income, debt load and grower relations. Producers indicated they were satisfied with their business decision to raise contract poultry. Level of satisfaction was significantly different for producers in the two states. Producers who raise pullets or broiler breeders exhibited greater satisfaction that broiler producers. The income level of producers has increased, however more producers have indicated they are losing money. Producers showed high levels of satisfaction with their service personnel who come directly …

Aging-Dependent Effects Of Repetitive Loading Exercise And Antioxidant Supplementation On Oxidative Stress In Skeletal Muscle, Michael J. Ryan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Aging is associated with a reduced ability to buffer oxidants along with an increase in oxidant production, resulting in chronic oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is a putative factor responsible for reducing function ability of skeletal muscle and increasing oxidative damage. The objective of this set of investigations was to evaluate the efficacy of reducing oxidative stress on improving muscle function the adaptive response of skeletal muscle to repetitive loading exercise in aging rodents. To achieve this objective, three methods of reducing oxidative stress were utilized; the antioxidant vitamins E&C were used to buffer oxidants, the nutraceutical resveratrol was used to …

Cephalometric Evaluation Of Mara Therapy In The Treatment Of Class Ii Malocclusions, Tiffany Rachelle Mcclaran

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

The effectiveness of functional appliances is a debatable topic in the orthodontic literature, primarily because the benefits have not been consistently reproduced among clinical studies. The present study was a retrospective cephalometric analysis of patients with Class II, division 1 malocclusions at the start of treatment. There were 51 children treated by a single clinician with a MARA in combination with Edgewise appliances. The comparison group consisted of subjects treated with fixed Edgewise appliances only from the University of Tennessee, Department of Orthodontics. Subjects in the two treatment groups were matched on a one-to-one basis for sex and for five …

A Survey Of Treatment Characteristics In A University-Based Graduate Orthodontic Program, A. Brian Anderson

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

While there are a few national surveys on malocclusion in the U.S., few reports characterize actual orthodontic patients and their treatments. The purpose of this study was to describe the patients and their treatment at a university based orthodontic department, namely the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis. The goals of this study are: (1) to research patient demographics, dental and skeletal relationships and treatment variables; (2) to test for temporal trends in these patients and their treatment across a 26 year interval from 1980 to 2005; and (3) to assess the correlations among patient demographics, dental and skeletal …

Transcriptional Regulation Of Azole Antifungal Resistance And Tolerance In Candida Glabrata, Kelly E. Caudle

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Azole antifungal resistance has emerged as a significant problem in the management of infections caused by fungi including Candida species. In recent years, Candida glabrata has become the second most common cause of mucosal and invasive fungal infections in humans second to Candida albicans. Not only are systemic C. glabrata infections characterized by high mortality rates, treatment failures to the azole class of antifungals, the most widely used antifungal for treatment of Candida infections, have been reported. Contributing to this problem, C. glabrata exhibits intrinsic reduced susceptibility to the azole antifungals, and the development of high-level azole resistance …

A Proposal For The Mechanism Of The Iron-Ascorbate, Fenton, And Hydroxyl Radical-Quenching Series, Jonathan Velasco

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

The Fenton reaction between [Fe(II)] and [HOOH] is observed in the presence of ascorbic acid, [AscH-], during [Fe(III)] and HO• reduction; this is done as part of consecutive redox reactions between [Fe(III)] and [Fe(II)]. As a result, the rate orders with respect to [Fe(III)], ascorbic acid, and [HOOH] are of (approximately) 2nd, 1st, and 4 th order, respectively. However, the rate constants for each reaction in this study show patterns when measured against solution pH; empirically, reactions proceed faster at smaller pH and vice versa.

Economics Of Using Biomass Electric Power For Energy Application Of Light Commercial Building, Madan M. Nellore

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Due to increased concern on global warming coupled with dwindling supply of conventional fuels, attention has been focus ed recently on use of renewable energy resources. The energy derived from biomass has a great potential in meeting this challenge by use of the state of art technology in gasifiers. Commercial units recently placed in the market have a potential of using the energy available in the biomass in producing electric power as well as in meeting the other building loads most efficiently, with negligible environmental effect. Woody mass, switch grass, hazzle nut shells and other biomass wastes can be utilized …

Later Life Decision-Making: Experiential Adult Learning And Successful Aging, Shauna Pearce Breland

Dissertations

The focus of this study was on how aging adults make critical life decisions such as those involving health care and health care benefits, living arrangements for later life, and organizing personal affairs. The participant group consisted of 8 sexagenarians and 4 septuagenarians who had recently made or were currently making these critical life decisions.

The study employed both qualitative and quantitative methods. A qualitative phenomenological approach was used to allow the researcher to examine the phenomena of decision-making and aging within the context of the life experiences of the individuals being studied. Each subject participated in a single in-depth …

Knowledge Transfer In Public School Food Service: Post-Implementation Of The Process Approach To Haccp Food Safety System, Lydia Rebecca Frass

Dissertations

Based on Havelock's (Havelock & University of Michigan. Center for Research on Utilization of Scientific Knowledge, 1969) Knowledge Transfer Model and using Kirkpatrick's Training Evaluation Model (1996a, 1996b) levels of Reaction, Behavior, and Learning, this study analyzed knowledge transfer between public school district managers, cafeteria managers, and line workers. These employees were trained through cascade training methods during the federally mandated implementation of the Process Approach to HACCP food safety system beginning in the 2005-2006 school year.

Measuring Behavior, an Observation Checklist (based on HACCP's 7 steps and 10 FDA food borne illness risk factors and interventions) was used to …

Female Reaction To Male Urine Scents As Potential Indicator Of Mate Choice In Captive Cheetahs (Acinonyx Jubatus), Regina Helen Mossotti

Theses

AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF REGINA HELEN MOSSOTTI, for the Master of Science degree in ZOOLOGY, presented 23 October 2009, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: FEMALE REACTION TO MALE URINE SCENTS AS POTENTIAL INDICATOR OF MATE CHOICE IN CAPTIVE CHEETAHS (ACINONYX JUBATUS) MAJOR PROFESSOR: GEORGE A. FELDHAMER Genetic variation in the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) has become dangerously low because of dramatic population decline and fragmentation. Zoos throughout the world manage captive cheetahs with breeding programs to maximize genetic heterozygosity. Unfortunately, the zoo community has not accomplished consistent breeding success with cheetahs, possibly because of a general lack of …

Respecting Working Mothers With Infant Children: The Need For Increased Federal Intervention To Develop, Protect, And Support A Breastfeeding Culture In The United States, Heather M. Kolinsky

Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

Preosteoblast Behavior On A Synthetic Calcium Phosphate Scaffold Coated With Cell Derived Matrix, Daniel A. Young

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Bone grafts are commonly used for the treatment of large bone defects. Biodegradable, synthetic bone grafts combined with cells and growth factors as a tissue engineered construct can provide benefits over the common autografts and allografts currently used. Calcium phosphate (CaP) materials offer high biocompatibility and chemical similarity to natural bone tissue. Biodegradable beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds with an interconnected porous network have been created to promote tissue ingrowth and regeneration in vitro and in vivo. Extracellular matrix (ECM) coated on titanium and polymer scaffolds has been shown to improve cell response to those material surfaces. Here, we attempted …

Discovery Of Quinic Acid Derivatives As Oral Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Kui Zeng

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Quinic acid (QA) esters found in hot water extracts of Uncaria tomentosa (a.k.a. Cat’s claw) exert anti-inflammatory activity through mechanisms involving inhibition of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Herein, we described the synthesis and biological testing of novel QA derivatives. Inhibition of NF-κB was assessed using A549 (Type II alveolar epithelial-like) cells that stably express a secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) reporter driven by an NF-κB response element. A549- NF-κB cells were stimulated with TNF-α (10 ng/mL) in the presence or absence of QA derivative for 18 hours followed by measurement of SEAP activity. Amide substitution at …

Coenzyme Q10 And Oxidative Stress Markers In Seminal Plasma Of Iraqi Patients With Male Infertility, Omar F. Abdul-Rasheed, Yahya Y. Farid, Ussama S. Al-Nasiri

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate seminal plasma coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) levels and oxidative stress in patients with different types of male infertility. METHODS: A case-control study was carried out in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq from the period of November 2004 to July 2006. Sixty patients with male infertility were recruited from Al-Kadhimia Teaching Hospital, Baghdad and included in this study. The male patients were categorized according to their seminal fluid parameters to oligozoospermia (n=32), azoospermia (n=22), and asthenozoospermia (n=6). All obtained results from infertile men groups were compared with age-matched healthy volunteers as …

Characteristics, Management, And In-Hospital Outcomes Of Diabetic Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients In Oman, Prashanth Panduranga, Kadhim J. Sulaiman, Ibrahim S. Al-Zakwani, Jawad A. Al-Lawati

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To determine clinical characteristics, management, and in-hospital outcomes of diabetic and non-diabetic patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in Oman. METHODS: Data were analyzed from 1583 consecutive patients admitted to various hospitals in Oman with ACS from May 8 to June 6, 2006, and from January 29 to June 29, 2007, as part of the Gulf RACE (Registry of Acute Coronary Events). The ACS patients were stratified into those with and without diabetes mellitus. RESULTS: In this study, 588 (37%) patients were diabetic with a mean age of 59 years and included more female than male diabetics (43% …

Regional Disparity In Prevalence Of Malnutrition In Saudi Children, Mohammad I. El-Mouzan, Abdullah S. Al-Herbish, Abdullah A. Al-Salloum, Peter J. Foster, Ahmad A. Al-Omar, Mansour M. Qurachi, Tatjana Kecojevic

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the regional difference in the prevalence of malnutrition in Saudi children. METHODS: Data for this study were collected over 2 years (2004 and 2005). A cross-sectional representative sample of the Saudi population of healthy children below 5 years of age was used to calculate the prevalence of malnutrition. The study was carried out in the College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Body measurements of the weight, length, and height were performed according to standard recommendations. Standard deviation scores were determined using the Lambda, Mu, and Sigma (LMS) statistical methodology. The 1978 NCHS/WHO …