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2010

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Developing Deep Understanding And Literacy While Addressing A Gender-Based Literacy Gap, Jianwei Zhang, Yanqing Sun, Marlene Scardamalia Jan 2010

Developing Deep Understanding And Literacy While Addressing A Gender-Based Literacy Gap, Jianwei Zhang, Yanqing Sun, Marlene Scardamalia

Educational Theory and Practice Faculty Scholarship

Online discourse from a class of 22 students (11 boys and 11 girls) was analysed to assess advances in conceptual understanding and literacy. The students worked over a two-­‐year period (Grades 3-­‐4), during which they contributed notes to an online Knowledge Building environment—Knowledge Forum®. Contributions revealed that both boys and girls produced a substantial amount of text and graphics, and that their written texts incorporated an increasing proportion of less-­‐frequent, advanced words, including academic vocabulary and domain-­‐specific words from grade levels higher than their own. Brief accounts of classroom discourse indicate how deep understanding and vocabulary growth mutually support each …

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Yom Yhwh As A Biblical-Theological Theme, Robert Czarnitzki Jan 2010

Yom Yhwh As A Biblical-Theological Theme, Robert Czarnitzki

Master's Theses

Problem. Although it has been shown in recent studies on the topic that the "Day of YHWH" is to be understood not only as a collocation or concept, but as a motif-complex (a theme), the single theological motifs comprising the motif-complex have seemingly never been outlined in a systematic text-oriented study. -- Method. This thesis investigates which main theological motifs comprise the motif-complex of the "Day of YHWH" by means of a text-oriented study of the final text as existent today. It shall be asked whether the "Day of YHWH" is a true biblical-theological theme, that is, whether it is …

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Representing Audiences In Writing Center Consultation: A Discourse Analysis, Robert Brown Jan 2010

Representing Audiences In Writing Center Consultation: A Discourse Analysis, Robert Brown

The Writing Center Journal

No abstract provided.

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Theory In/To Practice: A Tale Of Two Multilingual Writers: A Case-Study Approach To Tutor Education, Sarah Nakamaru Jan 2010

Theory In/To Practice: A Tale Of Two Multilingual Writers: A Case-Study Approach To Tutor Education, Sarah Nakamaru

The Writing Center Journal

No abstract provided.

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Assessing Impact Of Affect Recognition On Therapeutic Relationship, Julianne V. Sutter Jan 2010

Assessing Impact Of Affect Recognition On Therapeutic Relationship, Julianne V. Sutter

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Therapeutic alliance and its relationship to client nonverbal behavior, specifically facial expressions, were examined. Therapist interpretation of the client nonverbal behavior, or affect, influences the therapeutic alliance and process. Based on a sample of clients from a graduate school therapy training facility, results suggest therapist training in facial expressions, and how they relate to client emotion, improve the therapeutic alliance between therapist and client. After a micro-expression training for therapists, clients reported higher life functioning on the Outcome Rating Scale (ORS) and an improved therapeutic alliance on the Session Rating Scale (SRS). Overall, these findings support the benefit of incorporating …

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Audio Scene Segementation Using A Microphone Array And Auditory Features, Harikrishnan Unnikrishnan Jan 2010

Audio Scene Segementation Using A Microphone Array And Auditory Features, Harikrishnan Unnikrishnan

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Auditory stream denotes the abstract effect a source creates in the mind of the listener. An auditory scene consists of many streams, which the listener uses to analyze and understand the environment. Computer analyses that attempt to mimic human analysis of a scene must first perform Audio Scene Segmentation (ASS). ASS find applications in surveillance, automatic speech recognition and human computer interfaces. Microphone arrays can be employed for extracting streams corresponding to spatially separated sources. However, when a source moves to a new location during a period of silence, such a system loses track of the source. This results in …

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We Call Ourselves By Many Names: Storytelling And Inter-Minority Coalition-Building, Celina Su Jan 2010

We Call Ourselves By Many Names: Storytelling And Inter-Minority Coalition-Building, Celina Su

Publications and Research

Scholars debate whether new immigrants will join minority native-born groups, especially African-Americans, in battling racial disparities, income inequalities, and discrimination in the United States. Although scholars have investigated inter-minority coalition-building in the context of electoral politics, a substantial share of newer immigrant social and political action has not been formalized. Social change organizations play an integral role in less formalized politics. The article draws upon ethnographic data on two case study organizations to investigate how they built coalitions between immigrants and non-immigrants. It pinpoints the ways in which they engaged in storytelling to emphasize multiple identity – namely, how any …

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The Responsibility To Protect And The Decline Of Sovereignty: Free Speech Protection Under International Law, William Magnuson Jan 2010

The Responsibility To Protect And The Decline Of Sovereignty: Free Speech Protection Under International Law, William Magnuson

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

State sovereignty has long held a revered post in international law, but it received a blow in the aftermath of World War II, when the world realized the full extent of atrocities perpetrated by the Nazis on their own citizens. In the postwar period, the idea that individuals possessed rights independent of their own states gained a foothold in world discussions, and a proliferation of human rights treaties guaranteeing fundamental rights followed. These rights were, for the most part, unenforceable, though, and in the 1990s, a number of humanitarian catastrophes (in Kosovo, Rwanda, and Somalia) galvanized the international community to …

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Innovation And Recovery, John F. Duffy Jan 2010

Innovation And Recovery, John F. Duffy

The Honorable Helen Wilson Nies Memorial Lecture

Crisis inevitably brings hope for recovery. The recent past has seen a great economic crisis and a crisis in the patent system. Precisely because crisis reveals the flaws in the old, recovery demands the new; it demands innovation. Economic crisis thus makes recovery in the patent system especially urgent because it reveals the degree to which continuing prosperity depends on society's ability to reorganize itself, to change, to innovate. Towards that end, society should reconsider how our patent system makes judgments about invention.

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Giving Every Child A Chance: The Need For Reform And Infrastructure In Intercountry Adoption Policy, Rachel J. Wechsler Jan 2010

Giving Every Child A Chance: The Need For Reform And Infrastructure In Intercountry Adoption Policy, Rachel J. Wechsler

Pace International Law Review

No abstract provided.

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The Hacker's Aegis, Derek E. Bambauer, Oliver Day Jan 2010

The Hacker's Aegis, Derek E. Bambauer, Oliver Day

Emory Law Journal

Intellectual property (IP) law stifles critical research on software security vulnerabilities, placing computer users at risk. Researchers who discover flaws often face IP-based legal threats if they reveal findings to anyone other than the software vendor. This Article argues that the interplay between law and vulnerability data challenges existing scholarship on how intellectual property law should regulate information about improvements on protected works, and suggests weakening, not enhancing, IP protections where infringement is difficult to detect, lucrative, and creates significant negative externalities. The Article concludes by describing other areas, such as physical security, where it may be useful to reform …

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Substantive Canons And Faithful Agency, Amy Coney Barrett Jan 2010

Substantive Canons And Faithful Agency, Amy Coney Barrett

Journal Articles

Federal courts have long employed substantive canons of construction in the interpretation of statutes. For example, they apply the rule of lenity, which directs that ambiguous criminal statutes be interpreted in favor of the defendant, and the avoidance canon, which directs that statutes be interpreted in a manner that prevents the court from having to address serious constitutional questions. They also apply so-called “clear statement” rules — for example, absent a clear statement from Congress, a federal court will not interpret a statute to abrogate state sovereign immunity. While some commentators have attempted to rationalize these and other substantive canons …

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Refugees As People: The Portrayal Of Refugees In American Human Interest Stories, Sarah Steimel Jan 2010

Refugees As People: The Portrayal Of Refugees In American Human Interest Stories, Sarah Steimel

Department of Communication Studies: Faculty Publications

This study combines discourse analysis and narrative analysis (Yin 2007) to examine top US newspapers’ coverage of refugees in American human interest stories. I find that the refugees are presented (a) as prior victims; (b) as in search of the American Dream; and (c) as unable to achieve the American Dream. As human-interest features, the stories provide a largely positive portrayal of individual refugees and their families. However, the human interest stories also depict refugees as current victims of the American economic crisis; deeply frustrated by their inability to achieve the American Dream. Together these discourses represent a narrative of …

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¿Sólo Una Vida Traducida? Dislocación, Diáspora Y Perviviencia Cultural En La Experiencia Mexicana En Estados Unidos, M. Isabel Velázquez Jan 2010

¿Sólo Una Vida Traducida? Dislocación, Diáspora Y Perviviencia Cultural En La Experiencia Mexicana En Estados Unidos, M. Isabel Velázquez

Spanish Language and Literature Papers

Vine a Estados Unidos porque me dijeron que aquí vivía mi padre, un tal Miguel Hidalgo. En eso pienso mientras observo a la mujer que se acerca al mostrador de inmigración cargando una imagen de la Virgen de Guadalupe. Es enero de! año 2006 y deben ser como las cinco o las seis de la mañana, en una de las muchas salas de llegada de! aeropuerto O'Hare de Chicago. Somos -la Virgen, la mujer que la carga y todos los que hacemos cola detrás de ellas-, e! cargamento adormilado de un vuelo que salió de More!ia a las dos de …

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Modeling Changes In Biomass Composition During Microwave-Based Alkali Pretreatment Of Switchgrass, Deepak R. Keshwani, Jay J. Cheng Jan 2010

Modeling Changes In Biomass Composition During Microwave-Based Alkali Pretreatment Of Switchgrass, Deepak R. Keshwani, Jay J. Cheng

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

This study used two different approaches to model changes in biomass composition during microwave-based pretreatment of switchgrass: kinetic modeling using a time-dependent rate coefficient, and a Mamdani-type fuzzy inference system. In both modeling approaches, the dielectric loss tangent of the alkali reagent and pretreatment time were used as predictors for changes in amounts of lignin, cellulose, and xylan during the pretreatment. Training and testing data sets for development and validation of the models were obtained from pretreatment experiments conducted using 1–3% w/v NaOH (sodium hydroxide) and pretreatment times ranging from 5 to 20 minutes. The kinetic modeling approach for lignin …

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An Integrative Conceptual Model Of Vietnam As An Emerging Destination For Offshore Outsourcing Of Software Development For Finnish Companies, Nazmun Nahar, Linh Kuivanen Jan 2010

An Integrative Conceptual Model Of Vietnam As An Emerging Destination For Offshore Outsourcing Of Software Development For Finnish Companies, Nazmun Nahar, Linh Kuivanen

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Companies are constantly under pressure to develop software within tight budgets and more efficiently. Offshore outsourcing has been seen as one solution to the dilemma, and lucrative outsourcing businesses have evolved in many countries. Vietnam is now emerging within this global outsourcing sector. This study conducts an in-depth literature review and analyzes a number of important issues related to developing countries in general and Vietnam in particular, as an offshore outsourcing destination for Finnish companies for developing their software. From the analysis, an integrative conceptual model of software development through offshore outsourcing was developed. The study found challenges as well …

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Use Of A Fast Information Extraction Method As A Decision Support Tool, Mahmudul Sheikh, Sumali Conlon Jan 2010

Use Of A Fast Information Extraction Method As A Decision Support Tool, Mahmudul Sheikh, Sumali Conlon

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Ad-hoc extraction of information from documents can ensure the transparency of decisions made by an organization. Different Information Extraction methods have been applied to extract information from various domains. Most widely known methods use manually annotated training documents that require high development time. The automated training methods are not scalable to large application domains. We have developed a semi-automated knowledge-engineering method for building the knowledge-base with minimal efforts. Because our method reduces manual processing of the training data, the development process is very fast. We have developed a prototype application to extract information from the project-reports of the American Recovery …

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Lip Movement Exaggerations During Infant Directed Speech, Jordan R. Green, Ignatius S. B. Nip, Erin M. Wilson, Antje Mefferd, Yana Yunusova Jan 2010

Lip Movement Exaggerations During Infant Directed Speech, Jordan R. Green, Ignatius S. B. Nip, Erin M. Wilson, Antje Mefferd, Yana Yunusova

Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders: Faculty Publications

Purpose: Although a growing body of literature has indentified the positive effects of visual speech on speech and language learning, oral movements of infant directed speech have rarely been studied. This investigation used 3-dimensional motion capture technology to describe how mothers modify their lip movements when talking to their infants.
Method: Lip movements were recorded from twenty-five mothers as they spoke to their infants and other adults. Lip shapes were analyzed for differences across speaking conditions. The maximum fundamental frequency, duration, acoustic intensity, and first and second formant frequency of each vowel were also measured.
Results: Lip movements were significantly …

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Dynamic Creation: Extending The Radical Austrian Approach To Entrepreneurship, Todd H. Chiles, Chris S. Tuggle, Jeffery S. Mcmullen, Leonard Bierman, Daniel W. Greening Jan 2010

Dynamic Creation: Extending The Radical Austrian Approach To Entrepreneurship, Todd H. Chiles, Chris S. Tuggle, Jeffery S. Mcmullen, Leonard Bierman, Daniel W. Greening

Department of Management: Faculty Publications

We develop a new perspective on entrepreneurship as a dynamic, complex, subjective process of creative organizing. Our approach, which we call ‘dynamic creation’, synthesizes core ideas from Austrian ‘radical subjectivism’ with complementary ideas from psychology (empathy), strategy and organization theory (modularity), and complexity theory (self-organization). We articulate conjectures at multiple levels about how such dynamic creative processes as empathizing, modularizing, and self-organizing help organize subjectively imagined novel ideas in entrepreneurs’ minds, heterogeneous resources in their firms, and disequilibrium markets in their environments. In our most provocative claim, we argue that entrepreneurs, by imagining divergent futures and (re)combining heterogeneous resources to …

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Aging And The Vulnerability Of Speech To Dual Task Demands, Susan Kemper, Ralynn Schmalzried, Lesa Hoffman, Ruth Herman Jan 2010

Aging And The Vulnerability Of Speech To Dual Task Demands, Susan Kemper, Ralynn Schmalzried, Lesa Hoffman, Ruth Herman

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Tracking a digital pursuit rotor task was used to measure dual task costs of language production by young and older adults. Tracking performance by both groups was affected by dual task demands: time on target declined and tracking error increased as dual task demands increased from the baseline condition to a moderately demanding dual task condition to a more demanding dual task condition. When dual task demands were moderate, older adults’ speech rate declined but their fluency, grammatical complexity, and content were unaffected. When the dual task was more demanding, older adults’ speech, like young adults’ speech, became highly fragmented, …

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An Examination Of Questionnaire Evaluation By Expert Reviewers, Kristen Olson Jan 2010

An Examination Of Questionnaire Evaluation By Expert Reviewers, Kristen Olson

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Expert reviews are frequently used as a questionnaire evaluation method but have received little empirical attention. Questions from two surveys are evaluated by six expert reviewers using a standardized evaluation form. Each of the questions has validation data available from records. Large inconsistencies in ratings across the six experts are found. Despite the lack of reliability, the average expert ratings successfully identify questions that had higher item nonresponse rates and higher levels of inaccurate reporting. This article provides empirical evidence that experts are able to discern questions that manifest data quality problems, even if individual experts vary in what they …

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History And Dating Of The Publication Of The Philadelphia (1822) And London (1823) Editions Of Edwin James’S Account Of An Expedition From Pittsburgh To The Rocky Mountains, Neal Woodman Jan 2010

History And Dating Of The Publication Of The Philadelphia (1822) And London (1823) Editions Of Edwin James’S Account Of An Expedition From Pittsburgh To The Rocky Mountains, Neal Woodman

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The public record of Major Stephen H. Long’s 1819–1820 exploration of the American north-west, Account of an expedition from Pittsburgh to the Rocky Mountains, compiled by Edwin James, contains valuable contributions regarding the natural landscapes, native peoples and wildlife of a mostly unexplored region of the American west compiled from the notes of some of America’s foremost naturalists, and it includes the first descriptions of 67 new species. The original plan was to publish the Account in Philadelphia and London simultaneously, yet these two editions differ substantially in ways that are relevant to the taxonomic contributions in the work. …

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Tree-Ring Dates And Demographic Change In The Southern Colorado Plateau And Rio Grande Regions, Michael S. Berry, Larry Benson Jan 2010

Tree-Ring Dates And Demographic Change In The Southern Colorado Plateau And Rio Grande Regions, Michael S. Berry, Larry Benson

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

In this chapter, tree-ring dates from the southern Colorado Plateau, Mogollon Highlands, and Rio Grande areas (fig. 3-1) (hereafter referred to as the study area) are used to estimate regional-scale timber-harvesting and construction activities between AD 600 and 1600 (the Basketmaker III through Pueblo IV periods). Within that time span, we focus our attention particularly on the AD 1045-1300 period, a time when anomalously wet periods alternated with megadroughts (fig. 3.2). Treering- date distributions (histograms) for eight archaeological subregions within the study area have been created using a database of more than twenty-four thousand tree-ring dates from archaeological sites. These …

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News Which Moves The Market: Assessing The Impact Of Published Financial News On The Stock Market, Yu Chiang Soon Jan 2010

News Which Moves The Market: Assessing The Impact Of Published Financial News On The Stock Market, Yu Chiang Soon

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Recent years have seen a large increase in the volume of financial news available to investors daily. What has traditionally been restricted to print media has now evolved to include the internet and satellite television as important media sources for financial news. With this overwhelming flow of information available to investors, the impact of financial news on market prices is at best uncertain. In this paper, a computational text-scoring methodology will be employed to uncover behavioral responses by investors to negative news. The empirical methodology employed in this paper will consist of three parts. Firstly, through the General Inquirer (GI) …

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Hate Speech And The Language Of Racism In Latin America: A Lens For Reconsidering Global Hate Speech Restrictions And Legislation Models, Tanya K. Hernandez Jan 2010

Hate Speech And The Language Of Racism In Latin America: A Lens For Reconsidering Global Hate Speech Restrictions And Legislation Models, Tanya K. Hernandez

Faculty Scholarship

In Latin America, like many countries in Europe, hate speech is prohibited. Yet Latin America is rarely included in the transnational discussion regarding the regulation of hate speech. Instead, the discourse focuses on a comparison of the advisability of Europe's hate speech regulations and free speech acceptance of hate speech in the United States. As a result, the ability to fundamentally examine the connections between hate speech and inequality, in addition to the most effective legal mechanisms for addressing it, is undermined. It is especially critical to broaden the hate speech debate now that we are seeing an apparent rise …

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Specialist Program In School Psychology Handbook Of Field-Based Training Experiences In School Psychology 2010, Nova University Jan 2010

Specialist Program In School Psychology Handbook Of Field-Based Training Experiences In School Psychology 2010, Nova University

College of Psychological Services / College of Psychology Postgraduate Student and Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

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An Exploration Of American And Canadian Tourist Destination Images Of Cuba, Culum Richard Canally Jan 2010

An Exploration Of American And Canadian Tourist Destination Images Of Cuba, Culum Richard Canally

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Tourism in Cuba is thriving. Since 1991 the island has quickly become one of the top Caribbean tourist destinations. As a result tourism researchers have recently turned their attention towards investigating many facets of tourism on the island. However one omission in this growing corpus of research is the effect that politics has had on Cuba’s tourist destination image (TDI). In this study I explore how politics influences the evolution of tourist destination image. I also demonstrate that a critical constructivist paradigm can be used as an alternative to traditional positivist/postpositivist ways of researching tourist destination image. Finally I utilize …

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Vocabulary And Phonological Awareness In 3- To 4-Year-Old Children: Effects Of A Training Program, Iuliana Elena Baciu Jan 2010

Vocabulary And Phonological Awareness In 3- To 4-Year-Old Children: Effects Of A Training Program, Iuliana Elena Baciu

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The impact of a preschool training program that combined a vocabulary instruction strategy with phonological awareness activities and instruction in the alphabetic principle, as well as incidental teaching of basic vocabulary items was evaluated using a pretest-posttest design with a control group. This language and literacy (LL) training targeted three to four year-old English as a second language (L2) learners and monolingual (L1) English speakers (n = 63) and was conducted twice a week for two hours, for a total of 24 weeks. Both language groups contained a low socioeconomic status (SES) and a middle SES groups. The children …

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Intentionality, Responsibility, And Social Grouphood, Sherisse Webb Jan 2010

Intentionality, Responsibility, And Social Grouphood, Sherisse Webb

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This dissertation examines the theories of collectivity or social grouphood presupposed by accounts of collective intentionality, collective action and collective moral responsibility. I consider the intentionalist theories of social grouphood proposed by John Searle and Margaret Gilbert, Larry May’s conceptual account of social grouphood, and Paul Sheehy’s realist conception of social grouphoood. All three approaches are found to be problematic. The theories of Searle and Gilbert fail to adequately explain the causal relationship between collectives and their members, the heterogeneity of social groups and non-voluntary social groups; May’s theory is problematic insofar as it relies on sameness among individual group …

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Multiyear Student/Teacher Relationships And Language Development In Children Of Hawaiian Descent At Kamehameha Schools Community Based Early Childhood Education Program, Susan Collins Jan 2010

Multiyear Student/Teacher Relationships And Language Development In Children Of Hawaiian Descent At Kamehameha Schools Community Based Early Childhood Education Program, Susan Collins

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Although numerous studies have documented the connection between early language and academic achievement, there is much less information available about the effects of teacher/student relationships on language development. Based on Vygotsky's theory that all learning takes place in the context of relationships, this quasi-experimental study examined language scores for students in an early education classroom who stayed with the same teacher for 2 years compared with those in a classroom with two different teachers for each of the 2 years. Pre- and posttest scores on the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-III (PPVT-III) and language scores on the Developmental Indicators for the …

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