Digital Commons Network^™

Arkansas Animal Science Department Report 2010, David L. Kreider

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

Perceptions Of West Virginia Beef Cattle Producers On Preparedness For An Agroterrorism Attack, Rebecca Laura Ours

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Biosecurity is a measure that can help protect beef producers from financial loss associated with an agroterrorism attack. This study sought to determine West Virginia beef producers' perceptions of the potential for agroterrorism and what biosecurity measures they practice. A mailed questionnaire was sent to a sample population of 355 beef producers, with a response rate of 47.7%. Beef producers in West Virginia agreed that agroterrorism could happen in the United States and in West Virginia; however, the majority did not feel it would happen on their farms. A majority of the respondents indicated they would attend a program on …

Controversies Of Treatment Modalities For Cerebral Venous Thrombosis, Maria Khan, Ayeesha Kamran Kamal, Mohammad Wasay

Department of Medicine

Cerebral vein thrombosis has been well recognized for nearly two centuries. However, therapeutic options for the condition are limited due to lack of large randomized trials. The various modalities reportedly used include antiplatelets, anticoagulation, fibrinolysis, and mechanical thrombectomy. Of these, antiplatelets are the least studied, and there are only anecdotal reports of aspirin use. Anticoagulation is the most widely used and accepted modality with favorable outcomes documented in two randomized controlled trials. Various fibrinolytic agents have also been tried. Local infusions have shown more promise compared to systemic agents. Similarly, mechanical thrombectomy has been used to augment the effects of …

Micro-Level Estimation Of Child Undernutrition Indicators In Cambodia, Tomoki Fujii

Research Collection School Of Economics

One major limitation to addressing child undernutrition is a lack of the information required to target resources. This article extends the small-area estimation technique of Elbers, Lanjouw, and Lanjouw (2002, 2003) to jointly estimate multiple equations while allowing for individual-specific random errors across equations (in addition to cluster- and household-specific random errors). Estimates of the prevalence of stunting and underweight for children under age 5 in Cambodia from 17 Demographic and Health Survey strata are disaggregated into 1,594 communes by combining the Demographic and Health Survey data. The estimates are consistent with the surveyonly estimates at the aggregate and primary …

The Face Of Felt Stigma: Experiences Of Puerto Ricans Living With Hiv In Allentown, Pa, M Reyes Ba, Julio Jiménez Md, Joseph L. Yozviak Do, Facp, Timothy J. Friel Md, D Adams Psyd, Cynthia Beitler, Eric J. Gertner Md, Mph, E Rivera Ba, L Santiago Phd

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Birth Outcomes In Georgia: Socioeconomic And Ecological Analyses Of Low Birth Weight, 2000-2006, Kelley G. Chester

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Despite advances in medical and preventive care in the U.S., the low birth weight percentage continues to rise in the U.S. and the state of Georgia. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of socioeconomic status, county type (rural vs. urban), and adequacy of prenatal care on low birth weight in the state of Georgia for the years 2000 to 2006. The study also applied practical methods such as spatial analysis and geographic information systems (GIS) in order to pinpoint the at-risk populations for adverse birth outcomes. This study involved the use of secondary data analysis, specifically …

Regulation Of Biofilm And Antibiotic-Resistance By The Modulator Of Sara (Msa) In Staphylococcus Aureus, Antony Schwartz

Dissertations

Staphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen that is the causative agent of life-threatening diseases such as endocarditis and osteomyelitis. The ability of S. aureus to thrive as a successful pathogen can be partially attributed to its ability to form biofilm. Biofilm is an extracellular polysaccharide, protein, and DNA-based slime layer that protects the bacterial community. The global regulator sarA is essential for biofilm formation. Since the modulator of sarA (msa) gene regulates several virulence factors and is required for the full expression of sarA, the capacity of the msa mutant to form a biofilm was examined. The mutation of …

An Examination Of Chronic Pain Coping Strategies And Health Locus Of Control Among Prison Inmates, Joseph M. Mitrovich

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present study evaluated the types of coping strategies for chronic pain implemented by 88 inmates, and the degree to which these inmates possessed an internal versus external locus of control. Based on the findings of previous research, it was expected that inmates would report utilizing passive coping strategies more often than active coping strategies, and that passive strategies would be associated with poorer adjustment to pain in terms of depression, pain intensity, and pain interference with daily activities. It was also expected that inmates would report higher levels of external locus of control beliefs than internal locus of control …

The Effect Of Mentholated Cigarette Use On Interleukin-6 Responses Across Different Hiv Positive Race/Ethnic Subgroups, María J. Míguez-Burbano, Rhonda Rosenberg, Robert Malow, Ximena Burbano, Jessy Devieux, Nair Madhavan

ETSU Faculty Works

In this report, we analyze trends in interleukin-6 (IL-6) production in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH), as a function of smoking behaviors and race, using a clinic-based case-control design. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from a multiethnic cohort of 120 PLWH to measure IL-6 in culture supernatant. The data indicated that stimulated PBMC produced significantly higher levels of IL-6 in smokers than nonsmokers. However, as expected, this relationship was substantially modified by race. The distinctive production of IL-6 across different racial groups highlights the need for additional studies and suggests that African American smokers have enhanced …

Inferential Methods For High-Throughput Methylation Data, Maria Capparuccini

Theses and Dissertations

The role of abnormal DNA methylation in the progression of disease is a growing area of research that relies upon the establishment of sound statistical methods. The common method for declaring there is differential methylation between two groups at a given CpG site, as summarized by the difference between proportions methylated db=b1-b2, has been through use of a Filtered Two Sample t-test, using the recommended filter of 0.17 (Bibikova et al., 2006b). In this dissertation, we performed a re-analysis of the data used in recommending the threshold by fitting a mixed-effects ANOVA model. It was determined that the 0.17 filter …

The Problem Of The Commons: Still Unsettled After 100 Years, Robert Stavins

Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei Working Papers

The problem of the commons is more important to our lives and thus more central to economics than a century ago when Katharine Coman led off the first issue of the American Economic Review. As the U.S. and other economies have grown, the carrying-capacity of the planet - in regard to natural resources and environmental quality — has become a greater concern, particularly for common-property and open-access resources. The focus of this article is on some important, unsettled problems of the commons. Within the realm of natural resources, there are special challenges associated with renewable resources, which are frequently characterized …

November 22, 2010 Reporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

eReporter (campus newsletter)

No abstract provided.

The Importance Of Dialogue And Cooperation In Prison Oversight, Silvia Casale

Pace Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Quixotic Dilemma, California’S Immutable Culture Of Incarceration, Geri Lynn Green

Pace Law Review

No abstract provided.

How Does The Abundance And Distribution Of Resources Affect Female Raccoon Home Ranges In An Urban Park?, Karen L. Bauman

Theses

Urban development fragments the natural landscape and, as a result, remaining natural habitats, which are much reduced in size, are island-like and often embedded in an inhospitable matrix. While these changes are generally considered to have a negative impact on wildlife, the process of urbanization also creates new habitats in which some species appear to thrive despite the altered conditions and increased human density. The raccoon (Procyon lotor) is an ideal model for investigating the effects of urbanization on spatial patterns of habitat use because they are known to inhabit all landscapes along the urban to rural gradient. When studying …

Improving The Power Of Chronic Disease Surveillance By Incorporating Residential History, Justin Manjourides, Marcello Pagano

Harvard University Biostatistics Working Paper Series

No abstract provided.

Brian Griffin V. Jeffrey Beard

2010 Decisions

USDC for the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Effects Of Diabetic State And Gender On Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Secretion By Human Macrophages Infected With Burkholderia Pseudomallei, Annette J. Blam

Theses and Dissertations

Burkholderia pseudomallei is a gram-negative opportunistic soil pathogen that causes the life-threatening disease melioidosis. It is endemic in Northern Australia and Southeast Asia but can be found throughout many other regions in the world. Diabetes mellitus is a predisposing risk factor for infection with this organism and it has been demonstrated that diabetic males are particularly susceptible to severe infection. Previous research suggested that monocytes isolated from the whole blood of diabetic males demonstrated a decreased ability to produce the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-8. We hypothesized that monocyte-derived macrophages from diabetic males would also secrete lower levels of pro-inflammatory …

Self-Protecting Bactericidal Titanium Alloy Surface Formed By Covalent Bonding Of Daptomycin Bisphosphonates., Chang-Po Chen, Eric Wickstrom

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

Infections are a devastating complication of titanium alloy orthopedic implants. Current therapy includes antibiotic-impregnated bone cement and antibiotic-containing coatings. We hypothesized that daptomycin, a Gram-positive peptide antibiotic, could prevent bacterial colonization on titanium alloy surfaces if covalently bonded via a flexible, hydrophilic spacer. We designed and synthesized a series of daptomycin conjugates for bonding to the surface of 1.0 cm² Ti6Al4V foils through bisphosphonate groups, reaching a maximum yield of 180 pmol/cm². Daptomycin-bonded foils killed 53 ± 5% of a high challenge dose of 3 × 10⁵ cfu Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213.

Animal Health Matters, David H. Zeman, Russ Daly

Animal Health MATTERS Newsletter

[Page] 1- Olson Agricultural Analytical Services Laboratory Adapts to South Dakota Needs [Page] 2- Director's Message—Service and Grants [Page] 2- Veterinarian Named 2010 SDSU Distinguished Young Alumnus [Page] 3- Diagnostic Implications Following Use of a New IBR-PI3-BRSV Intranasal Vaccine [Page] 3- Extension Vet receives SDVMA Veterinarian of the Year Award [Page] 6- Survey of the Educational Needs of Animal Health Professionals in South Dakota, Summer 2010 [Page] 7- Certificate Program in Veterinary Preventive Medicine Offered Pieces and Parts [Page] 8- Internet Course Offerings from SDSU for Spring 2011 [Page] 8- VBS Department Faculty Members Update Chinese Delegation on Swine Diseases …

Caribbean Corals In Crisis: Record Thermal Stress, Bleaching, And Mortality In 2005, Erinn M. Muller, Mark C. Eakin, Jessica A. Morgan, Scott F. Heron, Tyler B. Smith, Gang Liu, Lorenzo Alvarez-Filip, Bart J. Baca, Erich Bartles, Carolina Bastidas

Ocean Engineering and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

The rising temperature of the world's oceans has become a major threat to coral reefs globally as the severity and frequency of mass coral bleaching and mortality events increase. In 2005, high ocean temperatures in the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean resulted in the most severe bleaching event ever recorded in the basin. Methodology/Principal Findings: Satellite-based tools provided warnings for coral reef managers and scientists, guiding both the iming and location of researchers' field observations as anomalously warm conditions developed and spread across the greater Caribbean region from June to October 2005. Field surveys of bleaching and mortality exceeded prior efforts …

Differences In Hiv Burden And Immune Activation Within The Gut Of Hiv-Positive Patients Receiving Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy, Steven A. Yukl, Sara Gianella, Elizabeth Sinclair, Lorrie Epling, Qingsheng Li, Lijie Duan, Alex L.M. Choi, Valerie Girling, Terence Ho, Peilin Li, Katsuya Fujimoto, Harry Lampiris, C. Bradley Hare, Mark Pandori, Ashley T. Haase, Huldrych F. Günthard, Marek Fischer, Amandeep K. Shergill, Kenneth Mcquaid, Diane V. Havlir, Joseph K. Wong

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background. The gut is a major reservoir for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). We hypothesized that distinct immune environments within the gut may support varying levels of HIV.

Methods. In 8 HIV-1-positive adults who were receiving ART and had CD4⁺ T cell counts of >200 cells/μL and plasma viral loads of <40 copies/mL, levels of HIV and T cell activation were measured in blood samples and endoscopic biopsy specimens from the duodenum, ileum, ascending colon, and rectum.

Results. HIV DNA and RNA levels per CD4⁺ T cell were higher in all 4 gut sites compared with those in the blood. HIV DNA levels increased from the duodenum to the rectum, whereas the median HIV …

Hospitalised Patients With Influenza A (H1n1) In The Royal Hospital, Oman : Experience Of A Tertiary Care Hospital, July–December 2009, Jalila Al-Lawati, Nada Al-Tamtami, Ahmed Al-Jardani, Amina, Saif Al-Abri, Sulaiman Al Busaidy

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics, risk factors, laboratory investigations and outcome of hospitalised patients with positive Influenza A (H1N1) at the Royal Hospital in Oman. Methods: We extracted data from the retrospective medical charts, radiological and laboratory findings of 131 patients who were confirmed as positive for Influenza A (H1N1) by real-time reverse-transcriptasepolymerase-chain-reaction from 21 July to 23 December 2009. Results: The median age was 24 years with 34.4% in the paediatric age group. Most (63%) of hospitalised patients were female. Symptoms at presentation included mainly fever (93.9%) and respiratory symptoms (89.3%). 83% …

Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases As A Threat For All : Recent Global Initiatives, Abdallah S. Daar

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Depression And Substance Abuse: Is There A Relationship?, Ryan Cowick, Lisa Appeddu

Student Research

No abstract provided.

Crusader, November 12, 2010, College Of The Holy Cross

Student Newspapers

The student newspaper for the College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Massachusetts. Articles include coverage of campus events and issues, sports, editorials and special features.

Leishmania Major Survival In Selective Phlebotomus Papatasi Sand Fly Vector Requires A Specific Scg-Encoded Lipophosphoglycan Galactosylation Pattern, Deborah E. Dobson, Shaden Kamhawi, Phillip Lawyer, Salvatore J. Turco, Stephen M. Beverley, David L. Sacks

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Phlebotomine sand flies that transmit the protozoan parasite Leishmania differ greatly in their ability to support different parasite species or strains in the laboratory: while some show considerable selectivity, others are more permissive. In "selective" sand flies, Leishmania binding and survival in the fly midgut typically depends upon the abundant promastigote surface adhesin lipophosphoglycan (LPG), which exhibits species- and strain-specific modifications of the dominant phosphoglycan (PG) repeat units. For the "selective" fly Phlebotomus papatasi PpapJ, side chain galactosyl-modifications (scGal) of PG repeats play key roles in parasite binding. We probed the specificity and properties of this scGal-LPG PAMP (Pathogen Associated …

Vista: November 11, 2010, University Of San Diego

USD Vista (1965-)

No abstract provided.

The Utah Statesman, November 10, 2010, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

The Guardian, November 10, 2010, Wright State University Student Body

The Guardian Student Newspaper

Sixteen page issue of The Guardian, the official student-run newspaper for Wright State University. The Guardian has been published regularly since March of 1965.