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Transcriptomic Responses In Mouse Brain Exposed To Chronic Excess Of The Neurotransmitter Glutamate, Xinkun Wang, Xiaodong Bao, Ranu Pal, Abdulbaki Agbas, Elias K. Michaelis

Faculty and Staff Publications

Background: Increases during aging in extracellular levels of glutamate (Glu), the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, may be linked to chronic neurodegenerative diseases. Little is known about the molecular responses of neurons to chronic, moderate increases in Glu levels. Genome-wide gene expression in brain hippocampus was examined in a unique transgenic (Tg) mouse model that exhibits moderate Glu hyperactivity throughout the lifespan, the neuronal Glutamate dehydrogenase (Glud1) mouse, and littermate 9 month-old wild type mice.

Results: Integrated bioinformatic analyses on transcriptomic data were used to identify bio-functions, pathways and gene networks underlying neuronal responses to increased Glu synaptic release. …

An Indian Chieftain On The Devil., J. J. Emmengahbowk

The Open Court

No abstract provided.

Cruelty To Animals In Italy., D. Holland Stubbs

The Open Court

No abstract provided.

The Judges Of Jesus, Jews Or Gentiles?, Geo. Auld

The Open Court

No abstract provided.

The Babylonian And Hebrew Views Of Man's Fate After Death., Paul Carus

The Open Court

No abstract provided.

Our Golden-Rule-Treaty With China, And Our Missionaries., Moncure D. Conway

The Open Court

No abstract provided.

Net Energy And Greenhouse Gas Emissions Evaluation Of Biodiesel Derived From Microalgae, Liaw Y. Batan

CO2 Summit: Technology and Opportunity

No abstract provided.

Unblocking Biofuels With Microchannel Technology, Jeff Mcdaniel

CO2 Summit: Technology and Opportunity

No abstract provided.

Challenges And Opportunities In Developing A Sustainable Biomass Infrastructure, Prabhakar Nair

CO2 Summit: Technology and Opportunity

No abstract provided.

Deafdigest: Blue Edition, June 6, 2010, Barry Strassler

DeafDigest Blue 2010

No abstract provided.

Drilling In Ecologically And Environmentally Troubled Waters: Law And Policy Concerns Surrounding Development Of Oil Resources In The Florida Straits, Jonathan P. White

Colorado Environmental Law Journal

No abstract provided.

After The License Approval: How Analytics Can Keep You In The Market, Robert Sitrin

Vaccine Technology III

Getting a BLA approved for a new vaccine can be a daunting task, but keeping the market supplied after licensure of a successful vaccine can be an even bigger challenge. Analytics can play an important role in keeping product supplied to the marketplace, especially during the critical launch phase The talk will describe the application of analytical comparability to GARDASIL®, Merck’s novel new vaccine to prevent cervical cancer, in order to bridge product produced by a launch facility to that produced by a scale-up facility without the need for a clinical trial. This effort assured a smooth transition of supply …

Nipah/Hendra: Understanding The Links Between Human And Veterinary Emerging Diseases, Jules Minke

Vaccine Technology III

Animals constitute an important source of infectious diseases for humans and the majority of recent emerging diseases in humans are zoonotic. Infections occur through direct or indirect transmission from wildlife reservoirs or via the food chain. Nipah and Hendra viruses have recently joined the growing list of viruses that emerged from bats to cause serious disease in humans and livestock. Although the precise mode of virus transmission is not fully understood, human infection appears to be the result of close contact with infected horses and pigs that act as amplifying hosts. Improved control strategies are necessary to reduce the transmission …

Development Of Protein Capsular Matrix Vaccine (Pcmv) Technology, Kevin P. Killeen, Ann Thanawastien, Tom Griffin

Vaccine Technology III

Matrivax R&D Corp. is a start-up biotechnology company with R&D operations located in Boston, USA and a vaccine pilot facility in Haikou, China. We are developing a proprietary vaccine process that entraps polysaccharides in a cross-linked protein ‘carrier’ or matrix, termed Protein Capsular Matrix Vaccine (PCMV), as an alternative to conjugate vaccine technology. Despite highly efficacious pneumococcal vaccines such as Prevnar®, S. pneumoniae causes > 1 million deaths worldwide annually. Likewise, typhoid fever afflicts ~16 million people, resulting in 600,000 deaths despite effective vaccines such as Typhim Vi® and Ty21a. The premise is that inexpensive,efficacious polysaccharide vaccines that elicit TH-cell ‘memory’ …

A Vaccine Prototype Using Baculovirus Expression System For The Control Of Avian Influenza Virus, Mauricio Realpe, R. Mora, L. Castellanos, F. Robles, C. González-Hernández

Vaccine Technology III

A clade 1 sequence of H5 haemaglutinin from an Asian Avian H5N1 isolate was used as a the template to chemically synthetize a codon optimized version for expression in insect cells. A single clone was chosen for expression optimization and changes were introduced in order to maximize the amount of protein to be produced and to resemble another sequence demonstrated to be present in an isolate causing disease in Humans.

Preliminary analysis at lab scale have shown promising yields of the haemaglutinin using an activity titration assay and an ELISA-based detection method. Optimization of the cell seeding, MOI, and time …

Process Scale-Up And Optimization For Production Of High Efficacy Oral Rabies Vaccine, Amine Kamen, Chun Fang Shen, Stephane Lanthier, Danielle Jacob, Johnny Montes, Andrew Beresford

Vaccine Technology III

Rabies is an important causative agent of disease resulting in an acute infection of the nervous system and death of the individual. Rabies remains an important public health program in developing countries, and the indigenous threat of rabies continues in developed countries because of wildlife reservoirs. Globally, there are about 55,000 fatal human cases of rabies each year [WHO, 2007]. Control of rabies in wildlife remains an important challenge for government offices.

There are numbers of rabies vaccines commercially available for controls of wildlife rabies. However, these vaccines currently distributed to wildlife do not effectively immunize all at-risk species, especially …

Final Conference Program, Barry Buckland, John Aunins, Paula Marques Alves, Kathrin Jansen

Vaccine Technology III

List of talks during the conference.

The Global Manufacture Of Polio Vaccine In The Endgame Of Eradication, Philip Minor

Vaccine Technology III

The manufacture of medicines is increasingly globalised but biological products such as vaccines are more complex and their production raises significantly different issues to that of chemical entities. New producers in any region of the world may have difficulty in recognising all the concerns involved and can benefit from technology transfer exercises and a strong and scientifically competent regulatory authority. The issues will be discussed in the context of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative in its terminal phases and future needs for the manufacture of polio vaccine.

Production Of Serotype 6-Derived Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus In Serum-Free Suspension Cultures Of Hek 293 Cells, Érica A. Schulze

Vaccine Technology III

Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) has become a promising candidate vector for gene therapy. Anchorage-dependent cells are traditionally used to produce rAAV. However, mass production to meet demands for clinical trials requires large-scale and cost-effective manufacturing processes. The key advantages of rAAV vectors are a broader tissue tropism through the use of different serotypes and a good safety profile.

In the present work, a serotype 6-derived rAAV was produced by transfection of suspension HEK293 cells in serum-free medium using three plasmids: one encoding the GFP gene flanked by ITR sequences, the second encoding the replication and capsid genes, and a third …

Development Of Inactivated Polio Vaccine From Attenuated Sabin Strains For Clinical Studies And Technology-Transfer Purposes, Yvonne E. Thomassen, Wilfried A.M. Bakker, Janny Westdijk, Aart G. Van ‘T Oever, Nico Van Den Heuvel, Jan Hendriks, Gideon F.A. Kersten, Leo A. Van Der Pol

Vaccine Technology III

Recently, responding to WHO’s call for new polio vaccines, the development of Sabin-IPV (injectable, formalin-Inactivated Polio Vaccine, based on attenuated ‘Sabin’ polio virus strains) was initated at NVI. This activity plays an important role in the WHO polio eradication strategy. The use of Sabin instead of wild-type Salk polio strains will provide additional safety during vaccine production. Initially, the Sabin-IPV production process will be based on the scale-down model of the current, and well-established, Salk-IPV process. In parallel, process development, optimization and formulation research is being carried out to further modernize the process and reduce cost per dose. The lab-scale …

Potent, Rapid And Cost-Effective Influenza Vaccines Made In E. Coli, Thomas Hofstaetter

Vaccine Technology III

The traditional influenza vaccine, trivalent inactivated virus (TIV) has been in use in the United States in one form or another since the 1940s. The system for production involves injecting influenza virus into embryonated hen’s eggs, harvesting the allantoic fluid containing the virus, inactivation with formalin, disruption of the virus with non-ionic detergent, zonal centrifugation to enrich for antigen and a second inactivation step. The recent appearance of the H1N1 swine virus has provided an opportunity to test the pandemic response system established over the past ten years. What we find is that the public health system seems to work …

Clinical Development Of Formulated Therapeutic And Prophylactic Dna-Based Vaccines, Alain Rolland

Vaccine Technology III

Over the recent years, plasmid DNA vaccines have reached licensure against infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in farmed salmon (Canada), West Nile virus in horses and metastatic melanoma in dogs (United States). A number of approaches are currently evaluated in clinical trials to enhance the potency of DNA vaccines in humans, including formulation of DNA with delivery systems and adjuvants as well as administration of DNA with devices. This presentation will report on the development of TransVaxTM, a poloxamer-formulated therapeutic DNA vaccine against human cytomegalovirus (CMV) in transplant patients. A vaccine that increases CMV-specific T-cell responses could reduce CMV reactivation after …

Development Of Recombinant Protein Based Chemical Conjugate Malaria Vaccines Targeting The Pre-Erythrocytic Stage, Transmission Blocking, Or Both, David L. Narum, Nicholas Macdonald, David Jones, Ruth Ellis, Yimin Wu, Patrick E. Duffy

Vaccine Technology III

The development of a Plasmodium falciparum malaria vaccine is critical for future control and elimination programs. Recombinant protein based chemical conjugate vaccines, covering different parasite stages, are being developed due to complexity of the parasite and sub-optimal immunogenicity of recombinant malaria proteins in humans, respectively. Chemical conjugation of recombinant malaria proteins to carrier proteins improves their immunogenicity in animal studies. A transmission blocking vaccine comprised of the ookinete protein Pfs25 chemically conjugated to Pseudomonas aeruginosa ExoProtein A (EPA) is currently being developed for pilot scale cGMP production. Bulk lots of Pfs25 and EPA have already been produced and released following …

The Challenge Of Developing New Generation Vaccines For Control And Eradication Of Foot And Mouth Disease In South America, Susana Levy

Vaccine Technology III

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly infectious viral disease that affects food producing animals such as cattle, pigs and sheep. The FMD status given by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) has a huge financial impact on countries that have economies based on meat trade. In the past 15 years the MERCOSUR countries (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay) have consolidated industrial processes to supply the region with safe and efficacious vaccines to prevent FMD in livestock. Control and eradication programs rely heavily on compulsory vaccination with multivalent whole virus inactivated vaccines. Currently, vaccines are industrially obtained by …

Establishing A Platform For Spray Drying Inhalable Vaccines In South Africa, Willem Germishuizen, L Venter, A Khosa, F Mudau, P.B. Fourie, B Pulliam, M Kabadi, A Schiermeier, D.A . Edwards

Vaccine Technology III

Mycobacterium bovis BCG is the current vaccine for tuberculosis (TB). However, BCG as it is currently administered shows highly variable efficacy in protecting adults against TB. The natural route of infection of TB is via inhalation of bacilli-containing aerosols and it is postulated that immunization by the natural route of infection may lead to a greater immunity given the fact that the lungs are the primary target of infection. By eliciting both local and systemic immune responses, it is anticipated that an inhaled form of BCG will offer greater protection against pulmonary TB.

Current commercial BCG vaccine preparations are filled …

Application Of Animal-Free Recombinant Bioactive Protein Supplements To Improve The Performance Of Cell-Based Viral Vaccine Production, Kenneth Bertram, Marina Ross, Domenica Cavallaro, Larissa Chirkova, Geoffrey Francis

Vaccine Technology III

Animal cell culture for the production of viral vaccines has been performed for more than 50 years, and currently this technology is expanding rapidly to meet present and future demands of the health sector. The development and regulatory approval of continuous cell lines for manufacturing viral vaccines has brought numerous benefits to production processes. However, greater advances in the last decade have been achieved in mammalian cell production of biological therapeutics, including monoclonal antibodies, hormones, growth factors, cytokines and clotting factors. We and others have contributed to these upstream advances by improving cell culture media with the development of animal-free …

Anovel Immunological Technique For Identification Of Human Seminal Fluid, Foud H. Kamel

Baghdad Science Journal

An immunological technique was investigated for the detection of human semen in forensic analysis.This technique included a preparation of anti-human seminal plasma antibodies, by immunizing rabbits with treated human semen. The human semen was treated with an acid to prevent cross reactivity with other human body fluids. The antibody produced was tested against different animal,s seminal fluid samples (dog, goat ,sheep, cow) and human body fluids( saliva, blood , vaginal fluid, ear wax and human semen). It was found that using this developed technique was only selectively responsed with human semen . The prepered kit was evaluated and tested in …

Effect Of The Aqueous Extract Of Banana Fruits Peal Musa Paradisiaca On Mitosis In Plant And Mammalian Cells, N.A Al –Ansari, N. R. Al-Najar, R.K.M Al-Saddi

Baghdad Science Journal

The aqueous extract of banana fruits peal was tested for its effect on mitosis . The root tips of Allium cepa were used as plant test system and the bone marrow cells of the albino mice Mus musculus were used as mammalians test system in vivo .Root tips of Allium cepa were treated for four hours with five concentrations of the extract (5 , 10 , 20 , 40 ,60 mg / ml.).The Metaphase was arrested in all the treatments , the highest percentage ( 100 % ) was recorded in the first concentration , the last concentration caused stickiness …

Acoustic Cues For Sound Source Distance And Azimuth In Rabbits, A Racquetball And A Rigid Spherical Model, Duck O. Kim, Brian Bishop, Shigeyuki Kuwada

UCHC Articles - Research

There are numerous studies measuring the transfer functions representing signal transformation between a source and each ear canal, i.e., the
head-related transfer functions (HRTFs), for various species. However, only a handful of these address the effects of sound source distance on HRTFs. This
is the first study of HRTFs in the rabbit where the emphasis is on the effects of sound source distance and azimuth on HRTFs. With the rabbit placed in an
anechoic chamber, we made acoustic measurements with miniature microphones placed deep in each ear canal to a sound source at different positions (10–160 cm distance, ±150° azimuth). …

Pulmonary Hypertension Is A Frequent Event In Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Treated With Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors, Sameh Gaballa, Aref Al-Kali, Hagop Kantarjian, Elias Jabbour, Alfonso Quintas-Cardama, Mohamad Ayoubi, Gautam Borthakur, S. M. O'Brien, J. E. Cortes

Division of Internal Medicine Faculty Papers & Presentations

Poster presented at American Society of Clinical Oncology in Chicago Illinois.

Background:  Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are the current standard therapy for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Fluid retention and pleural effusions have been reported in patients treated with TKIs, particularly with dasatinib. Although TKIs have been shown to reverse pulmonary hypertension (PH) in animal models, there have been some reports of development of reversible PH with dasatinib.

Methods:  We conducted a retrospective analysis on 401 patients diagnosed with CML in chronic phase (CP) who were treated with TKIs (imatinib, dasatinib, or nilotinib) as initial therapy for CML and …