Digital Commons Network^™

Genetic And Phenotypic Parameter Estimates For Feed Intake And Other Traits In Growing Beef Cattle, Kelsey Rolfe, Merlyn K. Nielsen, Calvin L. Ferrell, Thomas G. Jenkins

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The goal of this study was to estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters for growth, feed intake, feed efficiency, and temperament traits in a mixed-breed composite population of growing beef cattle. Intake and gain:feed (G:F) were moderately heritable; however, residual feed intake (RFI) was more heritable than other measures of feed efficiency. Adjusting RFI and G:F for carcass fatness had little effect on heritability and correlations with remaining traits. Flight speed was moderately heritable and highly repeatable. Flight speed was not highly correlated with measures of intake or feed efficiency. Some small breed effects were observed. High heritability estimates indicate that …

Plant And Animal Responses To Grazing Systems In The Nebraska Sandhills, Walter H. Schacht, Jerry D. Volesky, Mitchell B. Stephenson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Don C. Adams

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Short duration grazing (SDG) and deferred rotation (DR) were compared in a 10-year study conducted on uplandnativepastures in the northern NebraskaSandhills. Herbage production of cool-season grasses and sedges was less on the SDG pastures, although total herbage production (including warm and cool season herbage) did not differ consistently between the two grazing systems. The decline in diet quality (CP and IVOMD) through the 5-month grazing season did not differ consistently between the two systems, and ADG of spayed heifers was similar. The lack of increased forage production and animal performance responses to SDG indicate that the higher input costs associated …

Wet Distillers Grains Diets Supplemented With Vitamin E Alter The Mineral Composition Of Beef M. Longissimus Lumborum And M. Psoas Major, Lasika S. Senaratne, Chris R. Calkins, Amilton S. De Mello Jr., Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Crossbred yearlings (n = 90) were allotted to one of 10 diets containing 0, 20 or 40% wet distillers grains (WDG) with or without vitamin E supplementation and distillers solubles (DS). Strip loin and tenderloin steaks were obtained and tested for their mineral (Ca, P, K, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, S, and Na) compositions using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Cattle fed DS diets had higher (P ≤ 0.05) levels of Ca, Fe, P, Mn, and S in strip loins than cattle fed non-DS diets. Feeding DS significantly reduced Mg and Na in tenderloins. Neither WDG nor vitamin E diets significantly …

Intramuscular Tenderness Mapping And Muscle Fiber Directions Of Small Muscles In The Beef Round, Lasika S. Senaratne, Chris R. Calkins, Amilton S. De Mello Jr., Jeremy H. Hinkle, Siroj Pokharel

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The intramuscular tenderness variation of m. pectineus (PT), m. sartorius (SR), m. gracilis (GL), m. vastus intermedius (VI), and m. vastus medialis (VM) was investigated. The PT, SR, VI, and VM muscles (n=10 each) were grilled as whole muscles, whereas the GL was grilled after cutting into anterior and posterior regions. Grilled muscles were cut into equal size sections perpendicular to the long axis from proximal to distal. Cores were prepared from each section and Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) was measured. The overall mean WBSF values for PT, SR, VI, GL, and VM were 8.29, 9.79, 10.54, 10.47, and 9.35 …

Routine Hedging Of Corn Price For Calf-Fed And Yearling Production Systems, Rebecca M. Small, Darrell R. Mark, Terry J. Klopfenstein Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Several corn hedging scenarios involving a combination of cash and futures market transactions were evaluated for calf-fed and yearling production systems. All yearling corn hedging scenarios assessed were effective in only slightly reducing profit risk, while the calf-fed corn hedging scenario actually increased profit risk. Calf-fed and yearling corn hedging scenarios generally generated positive average returns to hedging by lowering net corn prices. The yearling corn hedging scenarios initiated closer to feedlot placement were associated with greater average profits as compared to those hedges initiated when yearlings were initially purchased.

Determinants Of Profit Variability In Calf-Fed And Yearling Production Systems, Rebecca M. Small, Darrell R. Mark, Terry J. Klopfenstein Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Factors that were determinants of profit variability in calf-fed and yearling beef production systems were identified and ranked. The analysis indicated cattle prices have the greatest influence on profit variation for both systems and on all backgrounding and finishing phases of the yearling system. Prices of feedstuffs (i.e., corn prices, wet corn gluten feed prices, and pasture and cornstalk rental rates) were the next most important factors explaining profit risk. Cattle performance variables and interest rates had the smallest impact on profit variation.

Evaluation Of Proternative Stress Formula And Proternative Continuous Fed Formula In A High Energy Feedlot Diet, Sarah J. Vanness, Matt K. Luebbe, Joshua R. Benton Benton, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Justin Sindt

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Cross-bred yearling steers were used in a feeding trial to compare the use of two different direct fed microbials (DFM), ProTernative CF (DFM-CF) and ProTernative SF (DFM-SF). The treatment design was a 2x2 factorial with a control (no DFM), DFM-CF, DFM-SF, and both (CF+SF). Diets consisted of 40% WCGF with high moisture corn with no feed additives other than the DFM treatments. No differences were observed in feedlot performance or carcass characteristics.

Relating Hydrogen Sulfide Levels To Polioencephalomalacia, Sarah J. Vanness, William A. Griffin, Virgil R. Bremer Bremer, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Data from a finishing trial and a metabolism study were used to relate incidence of polioencephalomalacia (polio) with ruminal hydrogen sulfide gas concentration. The finishing trial included different inclusion levels of byproducts with differing alfalfa hay levels. Similar diets were used in the metabolism study. The feedlot trial had 12 cases of polio on a 75% byproduct diet with no alfalfa and no cases of polio when alfalfa was included at 7.5%. The metabolism study reported the highest concentration of H2S with the high byproduct diet with no grass hay, and lower concentrations when grass hay was included. These data …

The Economic Impact Of Feeding Wet Corn Co-Products In Nebraska, Josie A. Waterbury, Darrell R. Mark, Richard K. Perrin Perrin

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Isoquants that illustrate combinations of various inputs to produce a given level of output were estimated for wet corn co-products using UNL cattle feeding trial data and applied to actual producer data. Producer economic benefits from feeding wet co-products compared to corn were calculated. Although the combined producer savings from all three wet co-products totaled nearly $39 million, this value was not net of all cost differences between co-products and corn, including transportation, storage, and handling costs.

Supplementing Dried Distillers Grains To Growing Calves On Smooth Bromegrass Pastures, Andrea K. Watson, Matt K. Luebbe, Terry J. Klopfenstein Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson, Walter H. Schacht

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Steers supplemented daily with dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) on non-fertilized smooth bromegrass pastures gained 1.9 lb/day compared to 1.46 lb/day for cattle on both fertilized and non-fertilized pastures. The fertilized and supplemented treatments were stocked at equal densities, and the non-fertilized pastures were stocked at 69% the density of the other two treatments. At a lower stocking rate, the non-fertilized pastures showed poorer forage production, but equal cattle performance compared to the fertilized pastures. The supplemented pastures showed slightly decreased forage production compared to the fertilized pastures, but at the same time showed increased cattle performance. Each lb …

Statistics Used In The Nebraska Beef Report And Their Purpose

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The purpose of beef cattle and beef product research at UNL is to provide reference information that represents the various populations (cows, calves, heifers, feeders, carcasses, retail products, etc.) of beef production. Obviously, researchers cannot apply treatments to every member of a population; therefore, they must sample the population. The use of statistics allows researchers and readers of the Nebraska Beef Report the opportunity to evaluate separation of random (chance) occurrences and real biological effects of a treatment. Following is a brief description of the major statistics used in the beef report. For a more detailed description of the expectations …

Wet Distillers Grains Diets Supplemented With Vitamin E Affect Sensory Attributes Of Beef M. Longissimus Lumborum, Lasika S. Senaratne, Chris R. Calkins, Amilton S. De Mello Jr., Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The effects of feeding 0% or 40% wet distillers grains plus distillers solubles (WDGS) with or without vitamin E (E) supplementation on sensory attributes (tenderness, juiciness, connective tissue content, and off-flavor intensity) of 7-day and 28-day aged beef strip steaks during retail display were investigated by a trained panel. Feeding WDGS or E did not influence tenderness, juiciness, or connective tissue ratings. However, feeding WDGS significantly increased the off-flavor intensity of 7-day aged beef following retail display. Feeding WDGS increased the incidence of livery off-flavor. The protective ability of vitamin E supplementation against livery flavor production was significant in beef …

Reduced Hamster Usage And Stress In Propagating Leishmania Chagasi Promastigotes Using Cryopreservation And Saphenous Vein Inoculation, Soi Meng Lei, Amanda E. Ramer-Tait, Rebecca R. Dahlin-Laborde, Kathleen Mullin, Jeffrey K. Beetham

Amanda Ramer-Tait Publications

Leishmania chagasi, a causal agent of visceral leishmaniasis, requires passage through lab animals such as hamsters to maintain its virulence. Hamster infection is typically accomplished via cardiac puncture or intraperitoneal injection, procedures accompanied by risks of increased animal stress and death. The use of the hamster model also necessitates a regular supply of infected animals, because L. chagasi parasites newly isolated from an infected hamster can be grown in culture for only several weeks before loss of function/phenotype occurs. In an effort to decrease animal usage and animal stress, experiments were performed to assess a more gentle inoculation …

Individuality In Gut Microbiota Composition Is A Complex Polygenic Trait Shaped By Multiple Environmental And Host Genetic Factors, Andrew K. Benson, Scott A. Kelly, Ryan Legge, Fangrui Ma, Soo Jen Low, Jaehyoung Kim, Min Zhang, Phaik Lyn Oh, Derrick Nehrenberg, Kunjie Huab, Stephen D. Kachman, Etsuko N. Moriyama, Jens Walter, Daniel A. Peterson, Daniel Pomp

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

In vertebrates, including humans, individuals harbor gut microbial communities whose species composition and relative proportions of dominant microbial groups are tremendously varied. Although external and stochastic factors clearly contribute to the individuality of the microbiota, the fundamental principles dictating how environmental factors and host genetic factors combine to shape this complex ecosystem are largely unknown and require systematic study. Here we examined factors that affect microbiota composition in a large (n = 645) mouse advanced intercross line originating from a cross between C57BL/6J and an ICR-derived outbred line (HR). Quantitative pyrosequencing of the microbiota defined a core measurable microbiota …

Overview Of Surgical Management Of Infectious Non-Suppurative Brain Lesions (Part 2), Muhammad Shahzad Shamim, Ather Enam, Syed Faizan Ali, Rushna Pervez Ali, Mohammad Wasay

Section of Neurosurgery

No abstract provided.

Food And Social Life In Puglia: A Comparison Family Food Worlds In Northern And Southern Italy, Jennifer Lawer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis explores the role of food in northern and southern Italian culture. My goal is to point out the cultural differences between northern and southern Italy through the lens of food. This thesis also explains the geographical, historical and economic factors that have shaped modern Italian family food worlds. Finally, the research examines the effect of European Union food policy in Italy. It specifically focuses on whether or not the traditions of food production and consumption habits in northern and southern Italy are altered by European Union policies.

Sensation Rebuilt: Carnal Ontology In Levinas And Merleau-Ponty, Tom Sparrow

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The phenomenological approaches to embodiment presented by Levinas and Merleau-Ponty cannot provide an adequate account of bodily identity because their methodological commitments forbid them from admitting the central role that sensation plays in the constitution of experience. This neglect is symptomatic of their tradition's suspicion toward sensation as an explanatory concept, a suspicion stemming from Kant's critique of empiricist metaphysics and Husserl's critique of psychologism and objectivism. By contrast, I suggest that only with a robust theory of sensation can the integrity of the body and its relations be fully captured. I therefore develop--contra Kant and Husserl's idealism--a realist conception …

Databases, Doctrine And Constitutional Criminal Procedure, Erin E. Murphy

Faculty Articles

Over the past twenty years there has been an explosion in the creation, availability, and use of criminal justice databases. Large scale database systems now routinely influence law enforcement decisions ranging from formal determinations to arrest or convict an individual to informal judgments to subject a person to secondary pre-flight screening or investigate possible gang membership. Evidence gathered from database-related sources is now commonly introduced, and can play a pivotal proof role, in criminal trials. Although much has been written about the failure of constitutional law to adequately respond to the threat to privacy rights posed by databases, less attention …

Supreme Court Recognizes (A Derivative) Right To Access Information, Ryder L. Gilliland

The Supreme Court Law Review: Osgoode’s Annual Constitutional Cases Conference

On June 17, 2010, the Supreme Court of Canada released its long-awaited decision in Criminal Lawyers’ Assn. v. Ontario (Ministry of Public Safety and Security). The unanimous judgment of the Court, co-written by McLachlin C.J.C. and Abella J., is significant in that it recognizes, for the first time in Canada, that section 2(b) of the Charter protects a right to access government information. It remains to be seen, however, what impact the Criminal Lawyers’ Assn. decision will have from a practical perspective. The limited guidance provided by the Court is that there is a right to access information where it …

The Environment And Trade Agreements: Should The Wto Become More Actively Involved, Mark S. Blodgett, Richard J. Hunter Jr.

UC Law SF International Law Review

The article first explores several basic arguments concerning whether the World Trade Organization (WTO) should require member states to adopt environmental standards as major components of international trade agreements. Section II provides a brief background on the debate surrounding environmental aspects of trade agreements and their relationship to development. Section III discusses the benefits and problems associated with enforcing environmental standards through the WTO. Section IV provides arguments for the incorporation of environmental standards in trade agreements through the WTO.

The Development Of A Human-Centric Fuzzy Mathematical Measure Of Human Engagement In Interactive Multimedia Systems And Applications, Chandre Butler

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The utilization of fuzzy mathematical modeling for the quantification of the Human Engagement is an innovative approach within Interactive Multimedia applications (mainly video-based games designed to entertain or train participants on intended topics of interest) that can result in measurable and repeatable results. These results can then be used to generate a cogent Human Engagement definition. This research is designed to apply proven quantification techniques and Industrial/Systems Engineering methodologies to nontraditional environments such as Interactive Multimedia. The outcomes of this research will provide the foundation, initial steps and preliminary validation for the development of a systematic fuzzy theoretical model to …

Robust Dialog Management Through A Context-Centric Architecture, Victor C. Hung

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation presents and evaluates a method of managing spoken dialog interactions with a robust attention to fulfilling the human user’s goals in the presence of speech recognition limitations. Assistive speech-based embodied conversation agents are computer-based entities that interact with humans to help accomplish a certain task or communicate information via spoken input and output. A challenging aspect of this task involves open dialog, where the user is free to converse in an unstructured manner. With this style of input, the machine’s ability to communicate may be hindered by poor reception of utterances, caused by a user’s inadequate command of …

Text Versus Verbal Real-Time Feedback During Simulation-Based Training Of Higher-Order Cognitive Skills, C L. Fiorella

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A crucial component of instructional design for simulation-based training systems involves optimizing the presentation of complex material in order to maximize knowledge acquisition and application. One approach toward facilitating the learning of this complex information is to instantiate instructional strategies within the training systems themselves. However, there are few established guidelines in place which are meant specifically for real-time guidance strategies within simulation-based environments. Consequently, this study aims to apply findings from the literature on instructional information presentation to drive decisions for how to most effectively provide real-time feedback during training of simulated decision-making tasks. Research has shown that presenting …

An Interval Based Approach To Model Input Uncertainty In Discrete-Event Simulation, Ola Batarseh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this research is to increase the robustness of discrete-event simulation (DES) when input uncertainties associated models and parameters are present. Input uncertainties in simulation have different sources, including lack of data, conflicting information and beliefs, lack of introspection, measurement errors, and lack of information about dependency. A reliable solution is obtained from a simulation mechanism that accounts for these uncertainty components in simulation. An interval-based simulation (IBS) mechanism based on imprecise probabilities is proposed, where the statistical distribution parameters in simulation are intervals instead of precise real numbers. This approach incorporates variability and uncertainty in systems. In …

Processing, Optimization And Characterization Of Fire Retardant Polymer Nanocomposites, Jinfeng Zhuge

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Fiber reinforced polymeric composites (FRPC) have superior physical and mechanical properties, such as high specific strength, light weight, and good fatigue and corrosion resistance. They have become competitive engineering materials to replace conventional metallic materials in many important sectors of industry such as aircraft, naval constructions, ships, buildings, transportation, electrical and electronics components, and offshore structures. However, since FRPC contain polymer matrix, the polymer composites and their structures are combustible. FRPC will degrade, decompose, and sometimes yield toxic gases at high temperature or subject to fire conditions. The objective of this study is to design and optimize fire retardant nanopaper …

Poemas Del Caer—El Motivo Del Vértigo En Las Obras De Edgardo Dobry, Roxana Crisólogo Y Ylonca Nacidit-Perdomo, Ilka Kressner

Languages, Literatures and Cultures Faculty Scholarship

La poesía hispanoamericana actual, este “asunto tan vasto y heterogéneo” (Andrés Sánchez Robanya) es un fenómeno difícil de captar en su conjunto. No obstante, la crítica ha señalado algunos rasgos comunes de la producción lírica los últimos 20 años. Esos son, entre otros, el uso del habla coloquial, descripciones casi fenomenológicas del día a día en las grandes urbes o los barrios humildes y la inclusión de temas de actualidad, muchas veces expresados desde una óptica antiglobalizadora. Las denominaciones (en parte asignadas por los críticos, en parte de los poetas mismos) ponen en relieve el impacto de lo cotidiano y …

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume 59, Number 1, Winter 2010

The Bulletin (formerly the Jefferson Medical College Alumni Bulletin)

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume 59, Number 1, Winter 2010

Dean's Message, page 2

Findings: Study Targets Scourge of U.S. Military, page 4

The Rewards and Challenges of Translational Medicine: The Patient-Centered Medical Home, page 6

Beyond the Office Visit: Jefferson Focuses on Advocacy, page 12

Eakins Scholar Follows Her Own Path, page 16

Jefferson Faculty Compile First Medical Professionalism Textbook, page 18

Faculty Profile: Karen Knudsen: Piecing Together the Prostate Cancer Puzzle, page 20

On Campus, page 22

Class Notes, page 28

In Memoriam, page 34

By the Numbers, page 37

Dolphins, Whales, And The Future Of The International Whaling Commission, Yui Nishi

UC Law SF International Law Review

Whaling has become a global controversy over the past few decades. In particular, countries such as Japan continue to hunt small cetaceans for both consumption and curbing purposes. Moreover, "small cetaceans" do not fall under the protection of the International Whaling Commission (hereafter "IWC"); therefore, the hunts are virtually unregulated. While the intensely emotional aspect is a significant part of the controversy, this note proposes a scientific, reason-based approach to this topic, which considers what solutions may be beneficial to all countries involved. Specifically, this note proposes that nations through international cooperation (1) conduct intensive scientific research in order to …

Discovering The Stem Within Block Building [Grades Prek-3], Regents’ Center For Early Developmental Education

STEM Experiences for Classrooms

No abstract provided.

The Ecclesial Vision Of William T. Cavanaugh And Post-Conciliar American Ecclesiology, Katherine G. Schmidt

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.