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2009

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Articles 95281 - 95310 of 95660

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Commnet: Causal Mechanisms And Generalizations, Jack Knight Jan 2009

Commnet: Causal Mechanisms And Generalizations, Jack Knight

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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What Does "Green" Mean?: Anthropogenic Climate Change, Geoengineering, And International Environmental Law, William D. Davis Jan 2009

What Does "Green" Mean?: Anthropogenic Climate Change, Geoengineering, And International Environmental Law, William D. Davis

Georgia Law Review

Dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate is no longer merely impending-it is now inevitable. Surging fossil fuel use, combined with the failure of mitigation policies and the risk of positive feedback loops in the climate system, is generating interest in international,planetary- scale environmental engineering,known as geoengineering. Over the next few decades, nation-states are likely to engage in such activities as fertilizing marine biota with iron, injecting sulfur into the stratosphere,or deploying mirrors in outer space to counteract the effects of climate change. Such activities,however, risk environmental side effects and political instability, and could precipitate a backlash against geoengineering, which is …

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Finding A Balance: Creating An International Exhaustion Requirement For The Alien Tort Statute, Lauren E. Holtzclaw Jan 2009

Finding A Balance: Creating An International Exhaustion Requirement For The Alien Tort Statute, Lauren E. Holtzclaw

Georgia Law Review

Foreign victims of human rights violations have several available forums for redress. Some victims file suit under the Alien Tort Statute (ATS), which grants federal courts the jurisdiction to provide redress to victims of egregious human rights violations. The ATS does not have an express exhaustion requirement, and the U.S. Supreme Court has not directly addressed this issue. The Court recently indicated, however, that it might consider a local or international exhaustion requirement. Many scholars advocate a local exhaustion requirement,but this fails to provide the best chance of redress to victims of human rights abuses. Additionally, a local exhaustion requirement …

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Mitsubishi Motors Corp. V. Colemon: Broad Reading Of Innovative Clinical Leads To General Personal Jurisdiction Under Georgia's Long-Arm Statute, Benn C. Wilson Jan 2009

Mitsubishi Motors Corp. V. Colemon: Broad Reading Of Innovative Clinical Leads To General Personal Jurisdiction Under Georgia's Long-Arm Statute, Benn C. Wilson

Georgia Law Review

In Innovative Clinical & Consulting Services, LLC v. First National Bank of Ames, the Georgia Supreme Court signaled a dramatic change in the interpretation of Georgia's jurisdictional Long-Arm Statute. The decision removed constraints that the Georgia Supreme Court saw as non-textual limitations that had been placed on Georgia courts' ability to exercise personal jurisdiction over nonresidents who transacted business in the state. In Mitsubishi Motors Corp. v. Colemon, the Georgia Court of Appeals took the unprecedented step of authorizing the exercise of general personal jurisdiction over a nonresident defendant when it concluded that jurisdiction over Mitsubishi was proper for claims …

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The Effect (Or Noneffect) Of The 2005 Amendments To O.C.G.A. Sections 51-12-31 And 51-12-33 On Joint Liability In Georgia, Emily R. Boness Jan 2009

The Effect (Or Noneffect) Of The 2005 Amendments To O.C.G.A. Sections 51-12-31 And 51-12-33 On Joint Liability In Georgia, Emily R. Boness

Georgia Law Review

Since 1987, joint liability has been unavailable to plaintiffs in Georgia who are to some degree at fault for their injury, but plaintiffs who are not at fault can pursue joint liability as an option for recovering damage awards. When Senate Bill 3 became law in February2005, sources reported widely that joint and several liability had been abolished for all tort cases in Georgia. The text of the 2005 amendments, however, does not explicitly state that joint liability has been abolished. Instead, as this Note demonstrates, the amended statutes are subject to at least two possible interpretations,and furthermore, no Georgia …

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Alive But Not Well: Manifest Disregard After Hall Street, Kevin P. Murphy Jan 2009

Alive But Not Well: Manifest Disregard After Hall Street, Kevin P. Murphy

Georgia Law Review

Arbitration is supposed to make dispute resolution faster and more cost-effective for litigants. To this end, Congress severely limited the ways in which a court can review an arbitrator's decision. But for the last fifty years courts have allowed parties an additional non statutory avenue for challenging arbitration awards. Where an arbitrator makes a decision in manifest disregard of the law, a court may vacate the award. To prove manifest disregard,parties must prove the arbitrator was aware of the law that should govern the dispute, but deliberately chose to ignore it. This often-argued, but seldom successful, claim increases the costs …

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"Rabbit" Hunting In The Supreme Court: The Constitutionality Of State Prohibitions Of Sex Toy Sales Following Lawrence V. Texas, William C. Hayes Jan 2009

"Rabbit" Hunting In The Supreme Court: The Constitutionality Of State Prohibitions Of Sex Toy Sales Following Lawrence V. Texas, William C. Hayes

Georgia Law Review

Sexual norms in the United States are in flux. The rapid growth of the adult industry and the popularity of television shows that deal with sexuality evidence an ever-growing trend towards more liberal sexual norms. While many Americans accept-or even welcome-this shift in our sexual culture, others feel significant anxieties about the moral well-being of the community as a result of this shift away from traditional,conservative sexual values. As the culture war wages on, some states have chosen to respond to these anxieties through legislation. The U.S. Supreme Court's 2003 decision in Lawrence v. Texas, however, appears to have called …

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Gvsu Undergraduate And Graduate Catalog, 2009-2010, Grand Valley State University Jan 2009

Gvsu Undergraduate And Graduate Catalog, 2009-2010, Grand Valley State University

Course Catalogs, 1963 - Current

Grand Valley State University 2009-2010 undergraduate and/or graduate course catalog published annually to provide students with information and guidance for enrollment.

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Fraud Casebook: Lessons From The Bad Side Of Business. Wells, Joseph T. (Ed.).Hoboken, Nj: Wiley, 2007, 610 Pp., Us$68.00, Isbn 978-0-470-13468-9., Leticia Camacho Jan 2009

Fraud Casebook: Lessons From The Bad Side Of Business. Wells, Joseph T. (Ed.).Hoboken, Nj: Wiley, 2007, 610 Pp., Us$68.00, Isbn 978-0-470-13468-9., Leticia Camacho

Faculty Publications

Since the unveiling of corporate scandals such as Enron, the United State’s government has aggressively prosecuted fraud cases and has established tougher laws in an effort to prevent fraud. For the PricewaterhouseCoopers study titled Economic Crime: People, Culture and Controls,1representativesof 5,400 companies from 40 different countries were interviewed. Forty-three percent reported that their companies had been victims of economic crime within the past 2 years. The average loss from fraud per company increased nearly 40% in 2 years from roughly US$1.7 million in 2005 to approximatelyUS$2.4 million in 2007. Along with the increased government concern about corporate fraud has come …

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Spreading The Green And Sharing The Wealth, Rachel White Jan 2009

Spreading The Green And Sharing The Wealth, Rachel White

Institute of Metropolitan Studies Publications

Examines the effects and benefits of trees for the urban environment, and looks at recent studies that have attempted to define the benefits of urban trees. Discusses the implications of trees for city planning.

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Planetary Boundaries: Exploring The Safe Operating Space For Humanity, Johan Rockström, W. L. Steffen, Kevin Noone, Åsa Persson, F. Stuart Chapin Iii, Eric Lambin, Timothy M. Lenton, Marten Scheffer, Carl Folke, Hans Joachim Schellnhuber, Björn Nykvist, Cynthia A. De Wit, Terry Hughes, Sander Van Der Leeuw, Henning Rodhe, Sverker Sörlin, Peter K. Snyder, Robert Costanza, Uno Svedin, Malin Falkenmark, Louise Karlberg, Robert W. Corell, Victoria J. Fabry, James Hansen, Brian Walker, Diana Liverman, Katherine Richardson, Paul Crutzen, Jonathan Foley Jan 2009

Planetary Boundaries: Exploring The Safe Operating Space For Humanity, Johan Rockström, W. L. Steffen, Kevin Noone, Åsa Persson, F. Stuart Chapin Iii, Eric Lambin, Timothy M. Lenton, Marten Scheffer, Carl Folke, Hans Joachim Schellnhuber, Björn Nykvist, Cynthia A. De Wit, Terry Hughes, Sander Van Der Leeuw, Henning Rodhe, Sverker Sörlin, Peter K. Snyder, Robert Costanza, Uno Svedin, Malin Falkenmark, Louise Karlberg, Robert W. Corell, Victoria J. Fabry, James Hansen, Brian Walker, Diana Liverman, Katherine Richardson, Paul Crutzen, Jonathan Foley

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

Anthropogenic pressures on the Earth System have reached a scale where abrupt global environmental change can no longer be excluded. We propose a new approach to global sustainability in which we define planetary boundaries within which we expect that humanity can operate safely. Transgressing one or more planetary boundaries may be deleterious or even catastrophic due to the risk of crossing thresholds that will trigger non-linear, abrupt environmental change within continental- to planetary-scale systems. We have identified nine planetary boundaries and, drawing upon current scientific understanding, we propose quantifications for seven of them. These seven are climate change (CO2 concentration …

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Non-Linearity In Ecosystem Services: Temporal And Spatial Variability In Coastal Protection, Evamaria W. Koch, Edward Barbier, Brian R. Silliman, Denise J. Reed, Gerardo M. E. Perillo, Sally D. Hacker, Elise F. Granek, Jurgenne H. Primavera, Nyawira Muthiga, Stephen Polasky, Benjamin S. Halpern, Christopher J. Kennedy, Carrie V. Kappel, Eric Wolanski Jan 2009

Non-Linearity In Ecosystem Services: Temporal And Spatial Variability In Coastal Protection, Evamaria W. Koch, Edward Barbier, Brian R. Silliman, Denise J. Reed, Gerardo M. E. Perillo, Sally D. Hacker, Elise F. Granek, Jurgenne H. Primavera, Nyawira Muthiga, Stephen Polasky, Benjamin S. Halpern, Christopher J. Kennedy, Carrie V. Kappel, Eric Wolanski

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

Natural processes tend to vary over time and space, as well as between species. The ecosystem services these natural processes provide are therefore also highly variable. It is often assumed that ecosystem services are provided linearly (unvaryingly, at a steady rate), but natural processes are characterized by thresholds and limiting functions. In this paper, we describe the variability observed in wave attenuation provided by marshes, mangroves, seagrasses, and coral reefs and therefore also in coastal protection. We calculate the economic consequences of assuming coastal protection to be linear. We suggest that, in order to refine ecosystem-based management practices, it is …

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Introduction To Common Native And Potential Invasive Freshwater Plants In Alaska, Vanessa Howard Morgan, Mark Sytsma Jan 2009

Introduction To Common Native And Potential Invasive Freshwater Plants In Alaska, Vanessa Howard Morgan, Mark Sytsma

Center for Lakes and Reservoirs Publications and Presentations

Freshwater aquatic plants are found in most lakes and rivers in Alaska. They range from tiny floating plants that can form mats on a lake surface to emergent plants growing two meters above the water. Aquatic plants are an important part of freshwater environments. They provide food and shelter for a wide variety of insects, fish, mammals, and birds; stabilize shorelines; and form an important link in nutrient cycles. To date, Alaska has had relatively few problems with invasive, non-native aquatic plants. However, invasive aquatic plants pose an increasing threat to human safety and the integrity of native aquatic communities. …

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Yougberg V. Romeo, Michael Ashley Stein, William P. Alford Jan 2009

Yougberg V. Romeo, Michael Ashley Stein, William P. Alford

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Single Parent Headed Family Households, Kent County, Mi 2000, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center Jan 2009

Single Parent Headed Family Households, Kent County, Mi 2000, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

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Single Female Headed Family Households, Kent County, Mi 2000, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center Jan 2009

Single Female Headed Family Households, Kent County, Mi 2000, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

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Foreclosures In The Neighborhood Of South East End, Grand Rapids, Mi, 2004-2007, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center Jan 2009

Foreclosures In The Neighborhood Of South East End, Grand Rapids, Mi, 2004-2007, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

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Foreclosures In The Neighborhood Of Seca, Grand Rapids, Mi, 2004-2007, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center Jan 2009

Foreclosures In The Neighborhood Of Seca, Grand Rapids, Mi, 2004-2007, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

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Population Below The Poverty Line, Kent County, Mi 2000, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center Jan 2009

Population Below The Poverty Line, Kent County, Mi 2000, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

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Foreclosures In The Neighborhood Of Oakdale, Grand Rapids, Mi., Community Research Institute-Johnson Center Jan 2009

Foreclosures In The Neighborhood Of Oakdale, Grand Rapids, Mi., Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

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Foreclosures In The Neighborhood Of Midtown, Grand Rapids, Mi, 2004-2007, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center Jan 2009

Foreclosures In The Neighborhood Of Midtown, Grand Rapids, Mi, 2004-2007, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

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Kent County Foreclosures, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center Jan 2009

Kent County Foreclosures, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

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Median Individual Earnings In 2000, Kent County, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center Jan 2009

Median Individual Earnings In 2000, Kent County, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

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Foreclosures In The Neighborhood Of Garfield Park, Grand Rapids, Mi, 2004-2007, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center Jan 2009

Foreclosures In The Neighborhood Of Garfield Park, Grand Rapids, Mi, 2004-2007, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

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Foreclosures In The Neighborhood Of Highland Park, Grand Rapids, Mi, 2004-2007, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center Jan 2009

Foreclosures In The Neighborhood Of Highland Park, Grand Rapids, Mi, 2004-2007, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

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Female Headed Households Below The Poverty Line In 2000, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center Jan 2009

Female Headed Households Below The Poverty Line In 2000, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

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Foreclosures In The Neighborhood Of Ottawa Hills, Grand Rapids, Mi, 2004-2007, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center Jan 2009

Foreclosures In The Neighborhood Of Ottawa Hills, Grand Rapids, Mi, 2004-2007, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

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Bachelors Degree Or Higher, Kent County, Mi 2000, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center Jan 2009

Bachelors Degree Or Higher, Kent County, Mi 2000, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

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Population That Speaks English "Not Well" Or "Not At All" Within Kent County, Mi In 2000, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center Jan 2009

Population That Speaks English "Not Well" Or "Not At All" Within Kent County, Mi In 2000, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

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Population Density In 2000, Kent County, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center Jan 2009

Population Density In 2000, Kent County, Community Research Institute-Johnson Center

Community-Level Maps and Fact-Sheets

No abstract provided.

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