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2009

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The Principal's Role In Creating A School Culture That Fosters Achievement Of Students With High Incidence Disabilities: A Study Of One School, Shelby B. Haines Dec 2009

The Principal's Role In Creating A School Culture That Fosters Achievement Of Students With High Incidence Disabilities: A Study Of One School, Shelby B. Haines

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of the principal in shaping a school culture that fostered academic achievement of students with high incidence disabilities. Research was conducted by means of a qualitative case study approach with data courses of informant interviews, parent focus group, observations of the daily workings of the school, and artifact reviews. Data unveiled five prominent areas of school culture: rituals, collaboration, an individualized instructional focus, community, and social emotional support. Each of these findings are defined and discussed based on data collected throughout the study. Data also support four additional findings in …

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A Reconceptualized Analysis Of The West Virginia 4-H Global Education Program: Attitudes Of Agents, Specialists, And Volunteers, Ahmed M. Abdulai Dec 2009

A Reconceptualized Analysis Of The West Virginia 4-H Global Education Program: Attitudes Of Agents, Specialists, And Volunteers, Ahmed M. Abdulai

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Global Education has been and continues to be an important aspect of American higher educational curriculum. Its importance is evidenced not only at the formal educational sector, but also within youth development programs like the West Virginia 4-H program.;The author contends that, the importance of global education is more relevant in the 21st century due to the increasing interdependence of the global world. The study looks at the perceived attitudes of 4-H Agents, Specialists, and Volunteers towards global education and how such an educational program affects the youth development of the 4-Her.;The present study, which is partly based on John …

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Internationalization Of Higher Education And Study Abroad Programs At U.S. Research Universities: A Social Systems Study, Chunmei Yao Dec 2009

Internationalization Of Higher Education And Study Abroad Programs At U.S. Research Universities: A Social Systems Study, Chunmei Yao

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Internationalization of higher education institutions has become comprehensive and complex phenomenon in the United States since the 1990s. This trend has significantly motivated American colleges and universities involving all members within their communities to internationalize their institutions and increase their global competitiveness.;The purpose of this study was to assess institutional efforts on internationalization of higher education institutions through the lens of study abroad programs coordinated by the centralized Offices of International Programs (OIPs) at U.S. research universities. It assessed whether relationships existed between institutional input to study abroad programs through human resources and financial resources, the process of administration and …

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Increasing Rewards And The Impact On Student Behavior And School -Wide Discipline: A Mixed Methods Study, Lorri Rumburg Dec 2009

Increasing Rewards And The Impact On Student Behavior And School -Wide Discipline: A Mixed Methods Study, Lorri Rumburg

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This mixed method, embedded, correlational study's aim was to make explicit the relationships between changed procedures in one elementary school's PBIS universal program and student behavior as measured by office discipline referrals. A secondary aim was to use student and faculty responses on surveys to interpret participants' reactions to the increases in rewards, recognitions, and self-charting of daily behavior.;The type of data collected consisted of office discipline referrals generated over the course of the study year. Numerical data analysis also incorporated student totals for earned coupons, earned rewards and earned behavior points. Students surveys completed in October and May gauged …

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College Students' Knowledge About Sexually Transmitted Diseases In Relation To Sexual Self-Efficacy, Mychael Brooke Masters Dec 2009

College Students' Knowledge About Sexually Transmitted Diseases In Relation To Sexual Self-Efficacy, Mychael Brooke Masters

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Resources associated with learning about sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) were investigated in relation to college students' sexual knowledge and sexual self-efficacy. Participants included 50 male and 67 female students ages 18, 19, and 20 at West Virginia University. Self-report surveys included the Sexually Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire (STD-KQ; Jaworski & Carey, 2007), the Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (Cecil & Pinkerton, 1998), and a measure developed by the investigator on resources used by college students to learn about STDs. No relationship was identified between resources used to learn about STDs and college students' sexual knowledge. However, sexual knowledge was a significant predictor of …

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Climatic And Edaphic Influences On The Radial Growth Of Eastern Redcedar (Juniperus Virginiana), Smoke Hole Canyon, West Virginia, Joshua A. Wixom Dec 2009

Climatic And Edaphic Influences On The Radial Growth Of Eastern Redcedar (Juniperus Virginiana), Smoke Hole Canyon, West Virginia, Joshua A. Wixom

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The annual variability observed in tree-ring records has been used to reconstruct climate conditions at the local, regional, and global scales. Dendrochronology, the study of tree rings, has typically focused on locations where trees are limited by a single climatic variable (i.e. temperature or moisture availability) at the limits of their range. Individual trees, however, may be limited by one or more variables well within their ecological range. This can occur when individuals are located on ecologically extreme sites where soil moisture and chemistry or increased evapotranspiration impede a tree's ability to grow.;This study examines factors affecting radial growth of …

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Variation Among Phytophthora Cinnamomi Isolates From Oak Forest Soils In The Eastern United States, Jordan E. Eggers Dec 2009

Variation Among Phytophthora Cinnamomi Isolates From Oak Forest Soils In The Eastern United States, Jordan E. Eggers

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Phytophthora cinnamomi isolates, collected from eastern US forest soils, were studied to determine the extent of phenotypic, genotypic, and pathogenic variation present. Four microsatellite loci were targeted for genetic analysis. Phenotypic characteristics measured were sporangia length, width, and length:width ratio; chlamydospore, oogonia, and oospore diameter; antheridia width, colony morphology on PDA; and colony growth rate on clarified V8 agar at 20°C, 24°C, 28°C, and 32°C. Red oak logs were inoculated with select isolates to determine relative pathogenicity. Microsatellite analysis showed that the genetic variability of the eastern US oak forest P. cinnamomi isolates was low. Isolates were grouped into two …

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Evaluation Of Industrial Promoted Agroforestry In Andhra Pradesh And Madhya Pradesh, India, Brian D. Mcdonald Dec 2009

Evaluation Of Industrial Promoted Agroforestry In Andhra Pradesh And Madhya Pradesh, India, Brian D. Mcdonald

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In many parts of the world, pulp and paper companies are becoming heavily dependent on private agroforestry schemes. With growing demand for wood fiber and limited commercial land to grow it on, the forest industry is continually turning to private farmers and individuals to contract timber. In order to alleviate this problem, many companies have turned to out-grower schemes to supply wood to the mills. Local farmers now have the opportunity to benefit from company extension and supplies, and in return, the company can guarantee its supply of raw materials.;A recent trend in agriculture is adding trees to farmers? traditional …

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Interleukin (Il)-1 Regulates Ozone-Induced Nerve Growth Factor (Ngf) And Substance P (Sp) Release In Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid (Balf) In Mice, Joshua S. Barker Dec 2009

Interleukin (Il)-1 Regulates Ozone-Induced Nerve Growth Factor (Ngf) And Substance P (Sp) Release In Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid (Balf) In Mice, Joshua S. Barker

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Previous studies show that both IL-1 and NGF increase synthesis of SP in airway neurons after either direct application or ozone exposure. We hypothesize that NGF mediates ozone-induced IL-1 effects on SP, similar to the pathway described for sympathetic neurons in culture. The current study specifically focuses on the effect of ozone on IL-1, NGF, and SP levels in mice BALF and if these mediators can be linked in an inflammatory-neuronal cascade in vivo. The experiments demonstrate in vivo ozone exposure induces an increase of all three proteins in mouse BALF and that both ozone-induced increases in NGF and SP …

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Characterization Of A Soil Bacterial Community And Biphenyl Dioxygenase Genes Involved In The Degradation Of Individual Polychlorinated Biphenyl Congeners, Paola Correa Dec 2009

Characterization Of A Soil Bacterial Community And Biphenyl Dioxygenase Genes Involved In The Degradation Of Individual Polychlorinated Biphenyl Congeners, Paola Correa

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widespread, toxic, and persistent contaminants that threaten the environment and human health. PCBs represent a class of 209 congeners characterized by different degree of chlorination and substitution patterns. PCBs are known to be slowly degraded by the activity of soil microbes.;The general objective of this research was to investigate the effect of individual PCB congeners on the bacterial community and aerobic metabolism of PCBs in soil, for this reason three specific aims were pursuit.;The first specific aim was to test the hypothesis that exposure to individual PCB congeners results in different soil microbial community profiles, as …

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Mining And Residential Development Interact To Produce Highly Impaired Stream Conditions In An Intensively Mined Appalachian Watershed, Eric Richard Merriam Dec 2009

Mining And Residential Development Interact To Produce Highly Impaired Stream Conditions In An Intensively Mined Appalachian Watershed, Eric Richard Merriam

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Large scale surface mining in southern West Virginia causes significant alteration of headwater stream networks. It is unclear, however, the extent to which mining interacts with other stressors to determine physical, chemical, and biological conditions in aquatic systems downstream. Through a watershed scale assessment of Pigeon Creek, the specific objectives of this study were to: (1) quantify the direct and interactive effects of mining and residential development on in-stream conditions; and (2) identify landscape thresholds above which biological impairment occurs. Our results indicate high levels of impairment to habitat, water quality, and benthic invertebrate communities within this watershed. Statistical analyses …

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Cloning And Characterization Of A Novel Oocyte-Specific Gene Fbos Encoding An F-Box Protein In Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), Lei Wang Dec 2009

Cloning And Characterization Of A Novel Oocyte-Specific Gene Fbos Encoding An F-Box Protein In Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), Lei Wang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Oocyte-specific genes play critical roles in oogenesis, folliculogenesis and early embryonic development. Through analysis of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from a rainbow trout oocyte cDNA library, we identified a novel transcript which is represented by multiple ESTs derived only from the oocyte cDNA library. Analysis of tissue distribution of the novel Fbos gene by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the novel gene is only expressed in unfertilized oocytes but not in 10 somatic tissues examined. Northern blot analysis showed the transcript size is approximately 2.1 kb. The full-length cDNA sequence for the novel gene Fbos was obtained by …

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Development Of 1,2,3-Triazole-Borane Complex As Effective Reagent For Aldehyde/Ketone Reductive Amination, Wenyan Liao Dec 2009

Development Of 1,2,3-Triazole-Borane Complex As Effective Reagent For Aldehyde/Ketone Reductive Amination, Wenyan Liao

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Air, moisture and thermally stable 1,2,3-triazole-boranes were successfully prepared and applied as reductants in aldehyde/ketone reductive amination with high efficiency and excellent substrate diversity. Detailed studies regarding to the reaction mechanism and application of this new reagent for other important transformations are currently under investigation in our group.

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Home Range Characteristics Of The Male Eastern Wild Turkey In West Virginia, Steven E. Rauch Dec 2009

Home Range Characteristics Of The Male Eastern Wild Turkey In West Virginia, Steven E. Rauch

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Extensive research has been conducted on the eastern wild turkey ( Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) in West Virginia, but research on male wild turkey home range characteristics is lacking. To address this, I proposed to quantify home range shape by the use of eccentricity (E: circle is E = 1) and to estimate the least-squares cross validation fixed-kernel 95% and 50% utilization distribution (UD) annual and 95% UD seasonal home range as well as minimum convex polygon (MCP) home range estimate of male wild turkey on 2 study areas in West Virginia. I estimated the home range size of adult and …

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Chemical And Physical Properties Of Abandoned Underground Coal Mine Pools, Eric F. Perry Dec 2009

Chemical And Physical Properties Of Abandoned Underground Coal Mine Pools, Eric F. Perry

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Long term drainage quality of five closed underground coal mines in West Virginia and Pennsylvania was investigated for mineral reactions, chemical processes, and hydrogeologic controls. Three mines were flooded and had circumneutral water with dissolved iron and sulfate. Two unflooded mines had acidic water with high concentrations of iron, aluminum and sulfate. The monitoring record ranged from 12 to 35 years for the five mine-pools.;The two acidic mine-pools had large long term declines in chemical concentration and flux. Both mine-pools approached equilibrium for hydrous iron sulfate minerals of the jarosite series. One mine-pool also exhibited equilibrium for the hydrous aluminum …

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The Role Of Urban Forests In Sustainable Tourism Development: A Case Study Of Savannah, Ga, Stacy L. Casinelli Dec 2009

The Role Of Urban Forests In Sustainable Tourism Development: A Case Study Of Savannah, Ga, Stacy L. Casinelli

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to identify a range of stakeholder (tourism providers, resource managers, elected officials, tour operators and tourists) perceptions, issues and concerns of Savannah, Georgia's, urban forests to help develop opportunities for the growing sustainable tourism industry. Stakeholder interviews were conducted using an open ended, semi-structured questionnaire. Based on the three dimensions and the scope of sustainable development, the themes, trends and patterns that emerged were utilized to assess the current issues facing Savannah's urban forest. Through content data analysis, four overarching themes surfaced: development, preservation, balance, and diversity. The results of this study indicate a …

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A Process Examination Of The Framing Effect In Younger And Older Adult Medical Decision Making, Erin L. Woodhead Dec 2009

A Process Examination Of The Framing Effect In Younger And Older Adult Medical Decision Making, Erin L. Woodhead

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Older and younger adults are susceptible to a decisional bias when faced with medical decisions, which results in different treatment decisions when presented with survival or mortality data. Although this bias, termed the framing effect, has been demonstrated in multiple studies, no published studies have attempted to determine the decisional process older and younger adults engage in when presented with different information frames. The current study used a think-aloud procedure to examine decisional process differences in younger and older adults who did and did not demonstrate a framing effect. All participants were presented with two data formats (interval and cumulative …

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Capturing The Essence And The Coalescence Of Presence Within The Community Of Inquiry Of An Online Graduate Course In Multicultural Diversity, Katherina C. Muller Dec 2009

Capturing The Essence And The Coalescence Of Presence Within The Community Of Inquiry Of An Online Graduate Course In Multicultural Diversity, Katherina C. Muller

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In this study, students who are preservice and inservice teachers participated in an asynchronous online graduate course in multicultural diversity during the fall of 2008. Their emails, threaded discussions, cross-cultural community interactions, and final reflections were examined and analyzed revealing their perceptions of their experiences in this course. The main relevance of the study was to provide insight and new understandings of learning online.;The Community of Inquiry provided the framework within which these insights and understandings were drawn. Four archived course components were analyzed: emails, threaded discussions, cross-cultural community interactions, and final reflections. A coalescence of presence was found throughout. …

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Examination Of The Use Of Assessment By Accredited Business Schools, Tracie M. Dodson Dec 2009

Examination Of The Use Of Assessment By Accredited Business Schools, Tracie M. Dodson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Assessment and accreditation are common topics in the literature of higher education. These two practices can impact an institution's ability to produce high quality students, graduates, and general success as an institution. Outcomes assessment is a method of measuring student learning as a result of the educational process. Accreditation seeks to provide external validation of the quality of a program and ensure that the public and other external constituents are aware of, and can depend on, a certain standard quality level.;In academic business units, there are three accreditation agencies. These organizations include the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business …

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Properties Of A Dehydroalanine Analog Of Glutathione: A Reactive Electrophilic Busulfan Metabolite, Cody J. Peer Dec 2009

Properties Of A Dehydroalanine Analog Of Glutathione: A Reactive Electrophilic Busulfan Metabolite, Cody J. Peer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Gamma-Glutamyldehydroalanylglycine (EdAG) is a dethiolated, electrophilic metabolite of glutathione (GSH) derived from the Phase II conjugation of GSH with busulfan catalyzed by glutathione S-transferase (GST). It was demonstrated in this dissertation that EdAG could be successfully synthesized and shown to be a metabolite of busulfan from in vitro metabolism by enzymes in human liver cytosol. The electrophilic EdAG was reactive toward the cellular thiols cysteine and glutathione (GSH), and toward cysteine residues in reduced bovine insulin B-chain and bovine serum albumin in vitro , as well. EdAG was demonstrated to be a reversible noncompetitive inhibitor of GSTs, specifically GSTA1-1 at …

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Stock Returns, Risk Factor Loadings, And Model Predictions: A Test Of The Capm And The Fama -French 3 -Factor Model, Daniel Suh Dec 2009

Stock Returns, Risk Factor Loadings, And Model Predictions: A Test Of The Capm And The Fama -French 3 -Factor Model, Daniel Suh

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This paper presents the results of time-series tests of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and the Fama-French 3-factor (FF3) model in the estimation of equity capital from a perspective of corporate investment decision-making. This paper addresses Fama-French (1992, "The Cross-section of Expected Stock Returns," Journal of Finance) who find that the CAPM beta has little explanatory power in cross-sectional tests of the Fama-French portfolios sorted on market capitalization and book-to-market ratios.;The main tests of this paper are (1) the equivalence of the predicted stock risk premia of the CAPM and the FF3 model, or how significantly the two model-predicted …

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Interaction Of Nickel-Based Sofc Anodes With Trace Contaminants From Coal-Derived Synthesis Gas, Gregory Allen Hackett Dec 2009

Interaction Of Nickel-Based Sofc Anodes With Trace Contaminants From Coal-Derived Synthesis Gas, Gregory Allen Hackett

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

New and efficient methods of producing electrical energy from natural resources have become an important topic for researchers. Integrated gasification and fuel cell (IGFC) systems offer a fuel-flexible, high-efficiency method of energy generation. Specifically, in coal gasification processes, coal can be changed into a high-quality gaseous fuel suitable for feeding solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). However, trace species found in coal synthesis gas (syngas) may have a deleterious effect on the performance of nickel-based SOFC anodes. Generally, the cost of removing these species down to parts per million (ppm) levels is high.;The purpose of this research is to determine the …

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(Re)Construct: Exploring Objecthood In A Digital Age, Patrick L. Jones Dec 2009

(Re)Construct: Exploring Objecthood In A Digital Age, Patrick L. Jones

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The following paper describes the conceptual framework and several works in the exhibition: "(re)construct: exploring objecthood in a digital age," which was on view at the Laura Mesaros Gallery at the College of Creative Arts, West Virginia University. The exhibition ran from November 30th through December 11th, 2009. The exhibition consisted of both oil paintings on clear acrylic and ink jet photographs. The question which this paper and the exhibition attempts to address is: what are the ontology and the limits of hyperreality in contemporary society? The following paper and the exhibition is epistemologically based and asks the following questions: …

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The Evaluation Of A Nutrition Education And Fitness Program With A Contest Component Among College Students Using The Re-Aim Framework, Michelle L. Bartlett Dec 2009

The Evaluation Of A Nutrition Education And Fitness Program With A Contest Component Among College Students Using The Re-Aim Framework, Michelle L. Bartlett

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Only recently have practitioners and researchers targeted the population of college students in studying interventions aimed at increasing health behaviors. There is evidence that a proportion of college students are making attempts on their own to remedy weight gain and poor physical fitness with little or no guidance, which is reflected in consistently rising obesity rates in this population. Thus, the need for organized and effective interventions is illustrated. The impact of an intervention can be determined through evaluation research. Although the RE-AIM model has not yet been used to evaluate single-site, university-sponsored, college-student weight-loss/fitness programs, it provided a useful …

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Factors Associated With Treatment Acceptance And Compliance Among Incarcerated Male Sex Offenders, Carl B. Clegg Dec 2009

Factors Associated With Treatment Acceptance And Compliance Among Incarcerated Male Sex Offenders, Carl B. Clegg

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The present study examined factors associated with acceptance and completion of treatment among incarcerated male sex offenders. The files of 156 sex offenders who had been offered treatment at a medium-security state prison were reviewed. Participants were divided into three groups: those who refused treatment from the outset (n = 59); those who began treatment, but later dropped-out or were expelled due to non-compliance ( n = 61); and those who completed treatment or were in an advanced stage of treatment and had never been non-compliant (n = 36). Data were collected for the following variables: age, education, race, marital …

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Population Ecology, Residents' Attitudes, Hunter Success, Economic Impact, Modeling Management Options And Retention Time Of Telazol Of West Virginia Black Bears, Christopher W. Ryan Dec 2009

Population Ecology, Residents' Attitudes, Hunter Success, Economic Impact, Modeling Management Options And Retention Time Of Telazol Of West Virginia Black Bears, Christopher W. Ryan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The West Virginia Black Bear Research Project (WVBBRP) was initiated in 1972 to investigate population parameters, growth rates, home ranges, and habitat uses of a declining American black bear (Ursus americanus ) population. The West Virginia Division of Natural Resources (WVDNR) continued to monitor the black bear population and increased monitoring efforts and sample sizes in the 1990's as the black bear population increased in size and expanded its range. As part of the WVBBRP, we investigated black bear population ecology. Our objectives were to estimate reproductive rates, estimate survival and cause-specific mortality rates, examine effects of special hunting seasons …

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Historical Response Rates, Reinforcement Context, And Behavioral Persistence, Chata A. Dickson Dec 2009

Historical Response Rates, Reinforcement Context, And Behavioral Persistence, Chata A. Dickson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In several studies, historically lower-rate responding has been found to be more persistent than historically higher-rate responding (e.g., Lattal, 1989; Nevin, 1974). In these studies, historical response-rate differences were generated by reinforcement schedules (e.g., fixed-ratio [FR] and differential-reinforcement-of-low-rates-of-responding [DRL]) that directly affect response rate. The current study was conducted with pigeons pecking keys to determine whether this finding would hold when response-rate differences were generated by the context of reinforcement, such as a concurrently available source of reinforcement or schedule of response-independent food. In each of 3 experiments, a history-building condition was followed by a history-testing condition. In Experiment 1, …

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Post-Transcriptional Regulation Of Rpos And Hema In Salmonella, Amy Madeline Jones Dec 2009

Post-Transcriptional Regulation Of Rpos And Hema In Salmonella, Amy Madeline Jones

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The first part of this thesis is dedicated to translational regulation of rpoS mRNA by the small noncoding RNAs (sRNAs), DsrA and RprA, in two closely related enteric bacteria, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. The rpoS gene encodes a second vegetative sigma factor for RNA polymerase, which directs the cell's transcriptional response to general stress and entry into stationary phase. The rpoS gene is highly conserved among the gamma-branch of proteobacteria, and sRNAs are highly conserved in related species. In fact, sequence conservation is thought to have predictive value in sRNA discovery and functional conservation is largely assumed. …

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Mechanism By Which Dietary Polyunsaturated Fat Regulates Lipogenic Gene Expression, Alison Bloom Kohan Dec 2009

Mechanism By Which Dietary Polyunsaturated Fat Regulates Lipogenic Gene Expression, Alison Bloom Kohan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Primary hepatocytes treated with non-esterified polyunsaturated fatty acids have been used as a model for describing the inhibitory effects of dietary polyunsaturated fats on lipogenic gene expression. This model resembles starvation or uncontrolled diabetes but not dietary fat ingestion, which is delivered to liver via chylomicron remnants. Chylomicron remnants enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids stimulate a unique pattern of intracellular signaling. These remnants enhance p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity but do not inhibit insulin signaling or induce extracellular-signal related kinase (ERK) or AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation as do non-esterified polyunsaturated fatty acids. Polyunsaturated fatty acids-enriched remnants and …

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Synthesis And Spectroscopic Characterization Of Nanostructured Thermoelectric Materials, Jason Reppert Dec 2009

Synthesis And Spectroscopic Characterization Of Nanostructured Thermoelectric Materials, Jason Reppert

All Dissertations

Bismuth in the bulk form is a semimetal with a rhombohedral structure. It has a small band overlap between the conduction and valence bands and a highly anisotropic electron effective-mass tensor. Thermoelectric materials, in which one of the three dimensions is in the nanometer regime, exhibit unique quantum confinement properties and have generated much interest in recent years. Theoretical investigations have suggested that nanowires with diameters ≤ 10 nm will possess a figure-of-merit ZT > 2. Prior to this study, it has been shown that Bi nanowires with small enough diameters (~10 nm), prepared via the pulsed laser vaporization method, undergo …

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