Digital Commons Network^™

Injuries Inflicted As A Predictor Of Winning In Contests Between Beadlet Anemones, Actinia Equina, Laura Robinson, Ben Porter, Jennifer Grocott, Kendal Harrison

The Plymouth Student Scientist

If the number of individuals in a population oversubscribes a resource then competition can occur and may lead to injurious fighting, if the cost of fighting is lower than the value of the resource. Here we consider how weapon size (nematocyst length), body size (pedal disc diameter, wet weight) and number of injuries inflicted are related to fighting ability in the common intertidal beadlet anemone, Actinia equina. 160 anemones were utilised from two sites, within two size classes, to engage in contest behaviour. There was no significant effect on pedal disc diameter, wet weight or nematocyst length of the outcome …

Criminals, Militias, And Insurgents: Organized Crime In Iraq, Phil Williams Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

Dr. Williams looks in detail at major criminal activities, including the theft, diversion, and smuggling of oil, the kidnapping of both Iraqis and foreigners, extortion, car theft, and the theft and smuggling of antiquities. He also considers the critical role played by corruption in facilitating and strengthening organized crime and shows how al-Qaeda in Iraq, Jaish-al-Mahdi, and the Sunni tribes used criminal activities to fund their campaigns of political violence. Dr. Williams identifies the roots of organized crime in post-Ba’athist Iraq in an authoritarian and corrupt state dominated by Saddam Hussein and subject to international sanctions. He also explains the …

The Office Of War Information Vs. The Foreign Nationalities Branch: The Roosevelt Administration And The Poles, Kristen Brooke Archambeau

History Theses & Dissertations

The Roosevelt Administration created two information agencies during World War II. The Office of War Information, consisting of a Domestic Branch and Overseas Operations Branch, disseminated information to occupied nations overseas. The Office of Strategic Services' Foreign Nationalities Branch gathered information on the political undercurrents of ethnic groups within the United States and provided information on their possible effects to the administration.

This work seeks to compare the policies of the Overseas Branch of the Office of War information with those of the Foreign Nationalities Branch of the Office of Strategic Services, with the Poles and Polish-Americans as a case …

Cause And Effect: The Origins And Impact Of Justice William O. Douglas’ Anti-Military Ideology From World War Ii To O’Callahan V. Parker, Joshua E. Kastenberg

Faculty Scholarship

The intention underlying this Article is to analyze the sources and effects of Douglas's antipathy for the military's legal construct, especially the practice of trial by courts-martial. Douglas did have an effect on the evolution of the military's legal construct, and he almost succeeded in narrowing the military's jurisdiction over its servicemen to a narrow fraction of what its jurisdictional reach is today. Along with Justices Hugo Black, Earl Warren, Felix Frankfurter, William Brennan, and shorter-tenured justices, he succeeded in judicially mandating due-process rights for servicemen accused of offenses.8 However, in his ultimate goal, the extent to which he succeeded …

Non-Intervention And Neutrality In Cyberspace: An Emerging Principle In The National Practice Of International Law, Joshua E. Kastenberg

Faculty Scholarship

The enforcement of neutrality in cyberspace has not yet occurred, and there appears to be no policy for enforcement. This article suggests a rubric using existing laws for exerting executive authority. Section I of this article discusses the emergence of conflict in cyberspace. This article focuses on the executive branch's authority to enforce neutrality in cyberspace. Section II provides a basic rubric of neutrality rules as applied to conflict in cyberspace. Section III analyzes the most recent cyberconflict, the Georgian-Russian War of 2008, and the potential consequences the United States risked because it lacked a cyber neutral position. Finally, the …

Women And Portraits In Early Modern Europe: Gender, Agency And Identity, Fiona Williamson

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

The Military Leadership of Matilda of Canossa is an important and welcome book.Although Matilda is readily acknowledged as a pivotal political figure of Italian,reform, and indeed even papal history in the eleventh and early twelfth centuries,she continues to be a rather poorly studied individual, especially in English-languagescholarship, despite the extensive range of primary sources for her life, including manydiplomata, which have recently been critically re-edited. At the same time, almost noattention has been given to Matilda’s military leadership, even though she was credited(and also censured) for her campaigns on behalf of the reforming papacy. Impeccablyresearched and cogently argued, this new …

Over Under Or Through: Physicians, Law, And Health Care Reform, William M. Sage

Faculty Scholarship

My purpose in this commentary is twofold. First, I want to offer a few thoughts on why the American medical profession sometimes has a hard time accepting law on its own terms. Second, I want to suggest that even “good law” from the perspective of the medical profession—should it overcome its habits of resistance—may still be bad health policy for the United States.

Military Perspectives On Cyber Power, Larry K. Wentz, Charles L. Barry, Stuart Starr

Books

CTNSP convened several workshops to address challenges in cyberspace, cyberpower, cyberstrategy, and institutional factors. Several representatives from the military Services participated extensively in those workshops. During those workshops, a variety of cyber issues emerged about the roles of the Services in the areas of roles and missions and the creation of needed intellectual capital. Subsequently, each of the Services identified volunteers who graciously generated white papers to illuminate the cyber debate.

Civilian Surge: Key To Complex Operations, Hans Binnendijk, Patrick M. Cronin

Books

The United States today manifestly lacks adequate civilian capacity to conduct complex operations—those operations that require close civil-military planning and cooperation in the field. This book is intended to fill that gap. Its main conclusion is that current efforts to build a civilian response capacity for complex operations are unfinished and that the Obama administration needs to dedicate additional attention and resources to complete the task.

Malcolm X, The Elegant Warrior: The Leadership Style Of El Hajj Malik El Shabazz, Vincent P. Short

Theses and Graduate Projects

Malik El Shabazz, also known as Malcolm X, is as relevant to today's society as he was at the height of the civil rights era. As a leader, Malcolm X possessed and demonstrated the skills of a militarily trained general, motivational speaker, CEO, coach and religious visionary - a person spiritually enlightened with a battle-tested soul. Many have used his name in anger and misinterpreted him when they want to shift away from the civil rights era language of love and brotherhood. He has become the African American equivalent of Che Guevara. It is the goal of this research to …

Making And Keeping The Peace: An Analysis Of African Union Efficacy, Nicholas Temple

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The African Union (AU) has pledged to create a continent of peace and solidarity. However, dozens of socio-ethnic conflicts occur across the continent despite the AU's best efforts to prevent them. In this thesis, case studies of Darfur and Western Sahara were used to assess the efficacy of the AU in the realm of peacemaking and peacekeeping. Within each of these studies, AU impediments to peacemaking and peacekeeping on financial, political, and socio-cultural fronts were analyzed. The findings suggest that while socio-cultural conflict continues to proliferate, the AU has neither the financial resources nor the political clout to meet peacemaking …

The Weekly Challenger, June 25, 2009, The Weekly Challenger, Et Al

Weekly Challenger Newspaper Collection

The June 25, 2009, issue of The Weekly Challenger.

In The Company Of Cheaters (16th-Century Aristocrats And 20th-Century Gangsters), Mark Cammeron Murdock

Theses and Dissertations

This document contains a meta-commentary on the article that I co-authored with Dr. Corry Cropper entitled Breaking the Duel's Rules: Brantôme, Mérimée, and Melville, that will be published in the next issue of Essays in French Literature and Culture, and an annotated bibliography of primary and secondary sources featuring summaries and important quotes dealing with duels, honor, honor codes, cheating, historical causality, chance, and sexuality. Also, several examples of film noir are cited with brief summaries and key events noted. The article we wrote studies two instances of cheating in duels: one found in Brantôme's Discours sur les duels and …

Female Allegory As Anti-Nationalist Satire In "L'Attaque Du Moulin" And "Boule De Suif", Deborah Bailey

Theses and Dissertations

The year 1880 was rife with nationalist fervor and a general glorification of the French nation through imagery, literature and legislation. However, at this same time, Les Soirées de Médan, a collection of stories concerning the Franco-Prussian war also appear, bringing with them a distinctly anti-nationalist, harsh, and unforgiving view of the war and France's role in it. This thesis will examine personifications of France within L'attaque du Moulin and Boule de suif, the first two texts of Les Soirées de Médan, and their definite lack of the nationalist enthusiasm that characterized the time of their creation. The study of …

War And Hiv In Latin America, Shawn Smallman

International & Global Studies Faculty Publications and Presentations

Conflict has shaped the HIV pandemic from its inception, from the spread of HIV-1 in Central Africa, to the diffusion of HIV-2 from Portuguese Africa to the globe. At the same time, the relationship between HIV and conflict has been non-linear and poorly understood. Nancy Mock and her colleagues have been almost the only scholars to propose a model to understand this relationship. Their work suggests that several key variables (such as the time scale of the conflict, the characteristics of the parties involved, and the geographic scale of the fighting) explain wide variations in how warfare appears to have …

June 11, 2009, The Daily Mississippian

Daily Mississippian (all digitized issues)

No abstract provided.

Review Of Valuing Children: Rethinking The Economics Of The Family. Nancy Folbre. Reviewed By Lorelei Mitchell, Lorelei Mitchell

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Book review of Nancy Folbre, Valuing Children: Rethinking the Economics of the Family. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008. $45.00 hardcover.

Targeted Killing In U.S. Counterterrorism Strategy And Law, Kenneth Anderson

Working Papers

Targeted killing, particularly through the use of missiles fired from Predator drone aircraft, has become an important, and internationally controversial, part of the US war against al Qaeda in Pakistan and other places. The Obama administration, both during the campaign and in its first months in office, has publicly embraced the strategy as a form of counterterrorism. This paper argues, however, that unless the Obama administration takes careful and assertive legal steps to protect it, targeted killing using remote platforms such as drone aircraft will take on greater strategic salience precisely as the Obama administration allows the legal space for …

Network Defense: The Attacks Of Today And How Can We Improve?, Martin S. Weiss

Theses

The practices of Network Defense were analyzed in this research paper. The Internet has become a very dangerous place for computer systems and networks as an increasing number of malicious attacks are occurring each day. Attacks such as Phishing, Campaign Style Attacks, Zero Day Exploits, and Botnets are plaguing individuals and firms who are concerned for the protection of their data and systems. By utilizing a combination of defense systems including Firewalls, Intrusion Protection Systems, 802.1x, NAC, Antivirus, Antispyware and more, I have developed a comprehensive system which can be used as a model of Network Security. In conclusion there …

English Reformation And Irish Witches: The Effects Of Confessionalisation In Suppressing Witchraft Accusations In Early Modern Ireland, William Kramer

The Forum: Journal of History

No abstract provided.

A Whale Of A Tale: The Supreme Court Sets A New Trend Favoring National Security Over Environmental Concerns. Winter V. Nrdc, Brian Schierding

Journal of Environmental and Sustainability Law

No abstract provided.

Scoping Study Of The Effects Of Aging On Landmines, Daniele Ressler

CISR Studies and Reports

The Mine Action Information Center at James Madison University has partnered with a British EOD consultancy company, C King Associates Ltd, to conduct a preliminary study into the effects of aging on landmines. This project entailed examination and disassembly of several types of anti-personnel mines, a literature review of relevant material and analysis of the initial findings.

The study confirms a fairly obvious assumption: The characteristics of mines change significantly as they grow older. However, while this situation is constantly observed in the field through the recovery of rotted, rusted and damaged mines, it has never been adequately investigated. The …

Que Ondee Sola - June 2009, Xavier Luis Burgos

Que Ondee Sola

Student publication founded in 1972, articles include: Latina/o Students Invite State Senator Martinez to NEIU, The Free Speech Movement, DALE Presents; Latino Avonzando Series, Polish Student's Experience in a LLAS Class, The US Military Again Ravages Vieques, Cuba: 50th Anniversary of the Revolution, The Mexican Drug War, La Mala: A Great Puerto Rican Film, Sanctuary & Solidarity in Humboldt Park, Bikes Yuppies and Internet Bochinche

Juna2009, Robert Kelly

Robert Kelly Manuscripts

From June 2009 Robert Kelly Archive.

Hilltop Archaeology: Ceremony And Ritual At The Site Of Cerro Santa Rita, Chao Valley, Peru, Richard A. Busch

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Site of Cerro Santa Rita is located in the mid-valley region of the Chao Valley on the North Cast of Peru. Occupied by people during the Gallinazo, Moche and Chimú time periods, Cerro Santa Rita fulfilled a role similar to that of a huaca, or temple. The people of pre-Hispanic Peru were deep set in their traditions, many of these traditions are still practiced by Peruvians today. The traditions of ancestor veneration and feasting are no exceptions to this. Cerro Santa Rita was a burial complex that had plazas and courtyards associated with the tombs of ancestors. Not …

Strategic Implications Of Emerging Technologies, Antulio J. Echevarria Ii

Articles & Editorials

KEY INSIGHTS: • The conference could only scratch the surface regarding the strategic implications of several important emerging technologies, namely, biogenetics, biometrics, nanotechnologies, robotics, artificial intelligence, alternative energies, and electromagnetic weaponry. More research is needed in the form of additional conferences, individual studies, and war games, comparing the development of these potentially game-changing technologies globally. • While technical expertise appears plentiful within the U.S. Department of Defense and America’s private sector, both would benefit from the addition of more “strategists” capable of assessing, without prejudice, how individual technologies, or combinations of them, might shift the strategic balance of power, and …

Transformation Of Rebel Movements Into Political Parties In Transitions From Civil Conflict: A Study Of Rebels' Decision-Making Amid Violence In El Salvador And Zimbabwe, Devin M. Finn

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Efforts to understand modern intrastate conflict require examination of the varied interactions between states and non–state entities battling for control of government. A growing number of civil wars and separatist conflicts, particularly following the end of the Cold War, have been resolved peacefully through negotiated settlements in which rebels abandoned their arms and entered the political arena. While many scholars have studied revolution and democratization in depth, few have focused on explaining the transformation of rebel movements into political parties. Under what conditions do rebel movements engaged in armed conflict with states decide to negotiate, disarm and participate in electoral …

Conversion To Islam In Colorado, Patrick D. Bowen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In the scholarship concerning conversion to Islam in the West, few books or articles have been written that examine non-African American US converts. Furthermore, this literature generally neglects using models of conversion for analyzing US Muslims. This thesis is an attempt to begin such a project. For this thesis, I interviewed 13 converts to Islam over the course of a month and a half at a local mosque: 8 females and 5 males; 9 white, 3 Latina/o, and 1 non-African American black. These converts told me their stories of conversion: beginning with their life prior to conversion, the process leading …

Rediscovering Reo: Reflections On The Life And Anthropological Career Of Reo Franklin Fortune, Caroline Thomas

Pacific Studies

Reo Fortune’s legacy to anthropology has been overshadowed by his relation- ships with friends and colleagues, many of whom came to see him as difficult. Professional differences and personality clashes pervaded his career. Despite this, he was once regarded as the foremost anthropologist of his era. Fortune’s contribution to anthropology is reflected in his major publications and journal articles that illustrate the diversity and complexity of his fieldwork.

Chinese Mine Warfare: A Pla Navy 'Assassin's Mace' Capability, Andrew S. Erickson, William S. Murray, Lyle J. Goldstein

CMSI Red Books

After a lengthy hiatus-lasting nearly six centuries—China is reemerging as a maritime power, this time with an emphasis on undersea warfare. Between 1996 and 2006, the Chinese navy took delivery of more than thirty submarines.

These vessels include two new classes of nuclear submarines-the advanced Song-class diesel submarines and the Yuan class of diesel boats which, according to some reports, was a surprise for U.S. intelligence. Above and beyond this ambitious naval construction program, the People's Republic of China (PRC) received during 2005-06 an additional eight formidable Kilo-class submarines (and associated weaponry), which were purchased in 2002, to …