Digital Commons Network^™

Transforming Children Of War Into Agents Of Change, Brooke Breazeale

Human Rights & Human Welfare

Since the turn of the century, Sub-Saharan Africa has experienced the fastest growing rate of child soldiers. Consider the following statistics:

• An estimated 60 percent of child soldiers in Africa are fourteen years old and under (Singer 2006: 29);
• In Uganda the average age of personnel in armed forces is 12.9 (Singer 2006: 29);
• Since 1990, two million children have been killed in armed conflict, the equivalent of five hundred per day for ten years (Singer 2005).

Economic Parameters Of End-Of-Life Care: Some Policy Implications In An Era Of Health Care Reform, Michael Ash, Stephen Arons

Western New England Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Methodists' Great 1869 Camp Meeting And Aboriginal Conservation Strategies In The North Saskatchewan River Valley, George Colpitts

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

George McDougall, chairman of the Methodist Missions to the Indians of the Northwest Territories, kept a large, black book in which he jotted sermon notes, references to classical and biblical literature and sometimes simply his itineraries by horseback from Victoria, the primary Methodist mission in the far British northwest. Under the "s" tab and labeled "Saskatchewan," he noted repeatedly in the 1860s the food crisis facing North Saskatchewan residents. In sum: ''A time of starvation. No buffalo."

In this article I analyze a buffalo hunt which occurred in 1869. That spring, many hundreds of Cree, Assiniboine, Stoney, and Metis hunters …

Review Of The Cherokee Nation And The Trail Of Tears By Theda Perdue And Michael D. Green, Rowena Mcclinton

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Past chief of the Cherokee Nation (1985-1995) and social activist Wilma Mankiller remarked, "We are still here." Facing rampant racism, a fraudulent treaty, and then dislocation from their homelands in the southeast, Cherokees not only survived but prevailed. Reflectively, Theda Perdue and Michael Green have summarized the complexity and cunning complicity surrounding the 1838-9 infamous Cherokee displacement known as the Trail of Tears, adding to the scholarship of Tim Garrison, Gary Moulton, Walter Conser, Mary Young, and the late William G. McLoughlin.

They juxtapose the remarkable lives of two adversarial Cherokee figures, Major Ridge (along with his son John Ridge, …

Review Of A Terrible Glory: Custer And The Little Bighorn-The Last Great Battle Of The American West By James Donovan; The Day The World Ended At Little Bighorn: A Lakota History By Joseph M. Marshall; Custerology: The Enduring Legacy Of The Indian Wars And George Armstrong Custer By Michael A. Elliott, Robert W. Larson

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

During the last few years a number of books on the Indian wars fought in the upper Great Plains have been published. The three under review here are among the best. Donovan's A Terrible Glory, the most ambitious, is a study of epic proportions involving the life of George Armstrong Custer and his military career, starting with his rather humble birth in Ohio and ending with his death at the Little Bighorn. Donovan does more than just focus on Custer and his tumultuous years with the U.S. Army, however. His first chapter, for instance, deals with the long and …

Lessons Learned From Developing A Learning–Focused Classroom Observation Form: Learning-Focused Observation Form, Steven K. Jones, Kenneth S. Sagendorf, D. Brent Morris, David Stockburger, Evelyn T. Patterson

To Improve the Academy: A Journal of Educational Development

At the United States Air Force Academy, we are attempting to go through a cultural transformation, making an overt shift toward a more learning-focused paradigm. In this chapter, we describe the nature of this transformation, as well as why we have chosen to move in this direction. We also describe one specific initiative we have undertaken: the development of a new learning-focused classroom observation form. We conclude by sharing a baker’s dozen lessons we have learned about classroom observation, effective teaching, and faculty development in general as a result of having developed this form.

Writing War: The Memorial Design Project, Janine Utell

Honors in Practice Online Archive

It seems a fortuitous—and frightening—time to be teaching a course on literature and art of war in the twentieth century. As an assistant professor in a small English department within Widener University’s humanities division, which serves a range of students through our general education program, I am constantly mindful of making the aesthetic socially and ethically relevant. Furthermore, as a sometime-teacher in the General Education Honors Program, I am conscious not only of making the arts and humanities relevant to a diverse body of students but of challenging some very driven and engaged thinkers and writers.

Nurses [Sic] Knowledge Of Mass Casuality Emergency Situations, Disasters And Related Laws Regulating Nursing Practice In Michigan And Ohio, Ashley Elizabeth Sandmann

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

A survey was conducted among 51 emergency department nurses in both Michigan and Ohio from 2008 to 2009. A comparative design was used to analyze the surveyed data. The purpose of the study was to describe and compare the knowledge level of emergency department nurses with regards to disaster nursing, emergency preparedness, and correlating related nursing laws in their respective states of licensure. Results showed that there is no significant correlation between knowledge level of emergency and disaster preparedness and related laws to the state in which a nurse is licensed, but nurses in Michigan reported having more instruction in …

Possibilities Of A Third Epidemiological Occurrence, Sue A. Bentley

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

The purpose of this paper is to examine the possibilities of a third epidemiological occurrence. An epidemiological occurrence is where large segments of population and culture have been adversely affected either by disease or through manmade causes of disease. According to World Health Organization an epidemic is an outbreak of a disease that attacks many people at the same time and may spread through more than one community. An endemic outbreak is a disease that exists permanently in a region or within a population. A pandemic is an epidemic that spreads throughout the world.

Board Of Regents Meeting Materials, September 22, 2009, Eastern Michigan University

Board of Regents Meeting Materials

No abstract provided.

39th Congress (1865-1867) And The 14th Amendment: Some Preliminary Perspectives, Richard Aynes

Akron Law Faculty Publications

The 39th Congress (1865-1867) was one of the important Congresses in our history. It passed more legislation than any other Congress up to that time.

This preliminary examination of the 39th Congress begins with a look it composition. One of the critical factors was that while the 38th Congress contained a majority of unionists, the 39th Congress contained a super-majority which meant not only that they could override a Presidential veto, but also that they did not need to take the Democratic opposition seriously. This article also identifies the leadership of the 39th Congress. The 38th Congress was composed of …

Archeological Interpretation Of The Frontier Battle At Mud Springs, Nebraska, Peter Bleed, Douglas D. Scott

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Between February 4 and 7, 1865, Cheyenne, Sioux, and Arapaho warriors engaged a force of U.S. Army soldiers at Mud Springs, Nebraska. Historical records from both sides indicate that this fight marked an early phase of the Indian Wars. Based on systematic metal detections, firearms identification, and terrain analysis, this paper adds archeological insights into the arms and tactics used by the opposing sides. Well-armed Native fighters used terrain to approach U.S. troops, who maintained a defensive posture. U.S. soldiers appear to have dug a rifle pit to see approaching attackers.

Regulating Complexity In Financial Markets, Steven L. Schwarcz

Faculty Scholarship

As the financial crisis has tragically illustrated, the complexities of modern financial markets and investment securities can trigger systemic market failures. Addressing these complexities, this Article maintains, is perhaps the greatest financial-market challenge of the future. The Article first examines and explains the nature of these complexities. It then analyzes the regulatory and other steps that should be considered to reduce the potential for failure. Because complex financial markets resemble complex engineering systems, and failures in those markets have characteristics of failures in those systems, the Article‟s analysis draws on chaos theory and other approaches used to analyze complex engineering …

The Ethical Dimensions Of National Security Law, Charles J. Dunlap Jr.

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Towards A Cyberspace Legal Regime In The Twenty-First Century: Considerations For American Cyber-Warriors, Charles J. Dunlap Jr.

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Lawfare: A Decisive Element Of 21st-Century Conflicts?, Charles J. Dunlap Jr.

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Wolves In The Crosshairs: A Scientific Case Against The Final Rule Of The U.S. Fish And Wildlife Service Removing Northern Rocky Mountain Gray Wolves From The Endangered Species List, Valerie Bittner Esq.

UC Law Environmental Journal

No abstract provided.

Domestic Violence And Women's Rights In Nigeria, Bazza

Societies Without Borders

Studies have shown that globally domestic violence accounts for nearly one quarter of all recorded crimes. Women have been subjected to various forms of violence ranging from rape, battering, trafficking and even murder. Although the degree differs from society to society, the occurrence has profound and destructive consequences including psychological, physical, emotional and social disorders. The fact that domestic violence prevails across all strata of the Nigerian society is no longer debatable. Despite the spirited efforts made by the world bodies such as the United Nations (e.g. Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Convention on Civil and Political Rights) …

Hatfill V. New York Times Co.: From Watchdog To Attack Dog—Transforming The Modern Media Into “Big Brother”, William C. Ferguson Iv

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Terrorism On The Rule Of Law

The International Lawyer

No abstract provided.

Economic Diversification And Sustainable Development: The Role Non-Timber Forest Products Play In The Monetization Of Kayapó Livelihoods , Laura C. Zanotti

Journal of Ecological Anthropology

This paper analyzes the level of market integration of a relatively isolated Kayapó community. The goal is to understand how the commercial networks devoted to non-timber forest products are affecting one community by including cash-income into the economic life of communities previously dominated by non-monetary transactions but currently dominated by a mix of monetary and non-monetary practices. Non-timber forest product projects are a much lauded and much criticized form of sustainable forestry management. This case study analyses different non-timber forest product projects in Aukre, a village that is part of the Kayapó Indigenous Territories, Brazil. Th is article identifi es …

Subsistence And Seasonality At A Late Prehistoric House Pit In Northwest Alaska, Scott Shirar

Journal of Ecological Anthropology

In this report, I examine a house from a Late Prehistoric village site near the confluence of Maiyumerak Creek and the Noatak River in the Noatak National Preserve, Alaska. In 2006, several thousand artifacts and over 100,000 faunal remains were excavated from this approximately 500-year-old house. Faunal remains and subsistencerelated artifacts associated with the living fl oor of the house were analyzed to assess diet and seasonal occupation. I also address how this house fits into previously proposed Late Prehistoric land- and resource-use models. The dietary reconstruction shows that both classes of data (artifacts and fauna) indicate a primary reliance …

Viet. Assoc. For Victims Of Agent Orange V. Dow Chem. Co., 517 F.3d 104 (2d Cir. 2008) (Holding That District Court Lacked Jurisdiction Under The Alien Tort Statute To Consider The Claims Of A Vietnam Nonprofit Group And Vietnam Nationals For Injuries Allegedly Sustained From Exposure To Herbicides During The Vietnam War, That State Law Claims Were Barred By The Government Contractor Defense And The District Court Did Not Abuse Its Discretion When It Denied Extraterritorial Injunctive Relief), Cert. Denied, 555 U.S. 1218 (2009)., Roger J. Miner

Circuit Court Opinions

No abstract provided.

What Does International Human Rights/ International Criminal Tribunal Jurisprudence Say About Trials In Absentia?, Jason A. Greenglass

War Crimes Memoranda

No abstract provided.

Would An Accused Or A Witness Who Is A State Official Be Able To Claim Immunity From Before The Stl? If So, What Type Of Immunity And What Would The Consequences Of Such A Successful Claim Be?, Heather Ludwig

War Crimes Memoranda

No abstract provided.

The Issue As Presented To Me Is “Enforced Disappearance As A Crime Against Humanity (1975): Was Enforced Disappearance A Crime Against Humanity As Part Of Customary International Law In 1975?, Elisabeth Herron

War Crimes Memoranda

No abstract provided.

The Limits Of International Humanitarian Law, Melissa Eli

Human Rights & Human Welfare

The goal of international humanitarian law is to humanize war in an effort to minimize human suffering and the long-term negative consequences of war. However, despite the adoption by most countries of the Geneva Conventions and other relevant agreements, crimes of war occur in every conflict around the world on a regular basis. Additionally, as the form of warfare changes, so does the implementation and consequences of various war crimes. Genocide, systematic rape, and the use of child soldiers are three of the most significant war crimes facing sub-Saharan Africa today. Each has consequences so severe that specific international laws …

Jihad, Race And Western Media, Post-September 11, Tagg

Societies Without Borders

The article examines jihad within what is loosely referred to as “the Western imagination.” Through the analysis of both popular stereotypes and the broader historical context of religious antagonism and (neo)colonialism, the paper discusses both contemporary political rhetoric and a pair of liberal post September-11 political cartoons. While European and North American political leaders have often stereotyped Muslims in order to justify various “axis of evil” bandwagons and further political and economic interests throughout the Islamic Crescent, I argue here that the liberal media's critiques also often rely on fallacious embodied stereotypes. The pervasiveness of such representations has important implications …

Asat-Isfaction: Customary International Law And The Regulation Of Anti-Satellite Weapons, David A. Koplow

Michigan Journal of International Law

The argument in this Article proceeds through several steps. As background, Part I outlines the current and projected future human uses of outer space, emphasizing the plethora of civilian and military applications that now rely on satellites. The United States, especially, but other countries, too, are coming to depend on multiple space assets for the performance of a wide array of vital functions; the investment is huge, diverse, and growing, despite the costs and natural perils of operating in the harsh exoatmospheric environment.

Interethnic Reconciliation, Tuba Breca

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.