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2009

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Multiuser Private Queries Over Encrypted Databases, Yanjiang Yang, Feng Bao, Xuhua Ding, Robert H. Deng Jan 2009

Multiuser Private Queries Over Encrypted Databases, Yanjiang Yang, Feng Bao, Xuhua Ding, Robert H. Deng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Searchable encryption schemes allow users to perform keyword-based searches on an encrypted database. Almost all existing such schemes only consider the scenario where a single user acts as both the data owner and the querier. However, most databases in practice do not just serve one user; instead, they support search and write operations by multiple users. In this paper, we systematically study searchable encryption in a practical multiuser setting. Our results include a set of security notions for multiuser searchable encryption as well as a construction which is provably secure under the newly introduced security notions. We also discuss how …

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The Price Of Stability In Selfish Scheduling Games, Lucas Agussurja, Hoong Chuin Lau Jan 2009

The Price Of Stability In Selfish Scheduling Games, Lucas Agussurja, Hoong Chuin Lau

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Game theory has gained popularity as an approach to analysing and understanding distributed systems with self-interested agents. Central to game theory is the concept of Nash equilibrium as a stable state (solution) of the system, which comes with a price − the loss in efficiency. The quantification of the efficiency loss is one of the main research concerns. In this paper, we study the quality and computational characteristics of the best Nash equilibrium in two selfish scheduling models: the congestion model and the sequencing model. In particular, we present the following results: (1) In the congestion model: first, the best …

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The Middle Sort Of People In Provincial England, 1600-1750, Fiona Williamson Jan 2009

The Middle Sort Of People In Provincial England, 1600-1750, Fiona Williamson

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

French’s study of the middling sorts in England seeks to explore the origins and role ofthe ‘middling sorts’ in the social and economic culture of the early modern period. Hisresearch focuses on parochial and extra-parochial perceptions of middling socialidentity based on a series of case studies across a broad area, including Dorset, Essex,Suffolk and Lancashire. The purpose of such a wide geographical spread is to explorethe development of the middling sorts in regions of diverse agriculture, economy andindustry as a basis for a comparative survey.

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If We Seek, Do We Learn?: Predicting Knowledge Of Global Warming, Leeann Kahlor, Sonny Rosenthal Jan 2009

If We Seek, Do We Learn?: Predicting Knowledge Of Global Warming, Leeann Kahlor, Sonny Rosenthal

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Derived from the risk information seeking and processing model (RISP), this study sought to isolate predictors of the public's knowledge of global warming. Using a national sample ( N = 805), multiple regression yielded a number of significant relationships among 13 moderators. Notably, the number of media sources used for information about global warming, information seeking effort, and general education were relatively strong predictors of knowledge. Counter to expectations, informational subjective norms were inversely related to knowledge.

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Quality-Aware Collaborative Question Answering: Methods And Evaluation, Maggy Anastasia Suryanto, Ee Peng Lim, Aixin Sun, Roger Hsiang-Li Chiang Jan 2009

Quality-Aware Collaborative Question Answering: Methods And Evaluation, Maggy Anastasia Suryanto, Ee Peng Lim, Aixin Sun, Roger Hsiang-Li Chiang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Community Question Answering (QA) portals contain questions and answers contributed by hundreds of millions of users. These databases of questions and answers are of great value if they can be used directly to answer questions from any user. In this research, we address this collaborative QA task by drawing knowledge from the crowds in community QA portals such as Yahoo! Answers. Despite their popularity, it is well known that answers in community QA portals have unequal quality. We therefore propose a quality-aware framework to design methods that select answers from a community QA portal considering answer quality in addition to …

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Antitrust In A Globalized Economy: The Unique Enforcement Challenges Faced By Small And Developing Jurisdictions, Michal S. Gal Jan 2009

Antitrust In A Globalized Economy: The Unique Enforcement Challenges Faced By Small And Developing Jurisdictions, Michal S. Gal

Fordham International Law Journal

One of the main challenges of this decade in the antitrust arena is the creation of some form of cooperative international antitrust regime. The potential benefit of increased international trade and cooperative competition policies to all countries involved are enormous. This Article analyzes this issue from the point of view of small and developing jurisdictions. Part I sets the stage by suggesting a typology of the challenges created by globalization. Part II analyzes the current international antitrust regime from a wider perspective that incorporates the enforcement challenges faced by small and developing jurisdictions. Part III builds upon these findings and …

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Notice Otherwise Given: Will In Absentia Trials At The Special Tribunal For Lebanon Violate Human Rights?, Chris Jenks Jan 2009

Notice Otherwise Given: Will In Absentia Trials At The Special Tribunal For Lebanon Violate Human Rights?, Chris Jenks

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article examines whether the Special Tribunal for Lebanon's ("STL's") in absentia trial provisions violate human right norms and, if so, whether the right to tribunal-appointed counsel or to retrial remedies any such violation. Part I explains the operation of the STL, with particular attention drawn to the funding difficulties the tribunal faces, and details the STL's in absentia trial provisions and subsequent right to counsel and retrial. Part II compares the in absentia trial provisions of the STL to those of other tribunals to demonstrate that the STL's in absentia trial provisions represent a radical departure from prior law. …

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On Options Of Citizens And Moral Choices Of States: Gays And European Federalism, Dimitry Kochenov Jan 2009

On Options Of Citizens And Moral Choices Of States: Gays And European Federalism, Dimitry Kochenov

Fordham International Law Journal

Focusing on gay rights in the European Union, this Article addresses questions all dealing with the likely dynamics of gay-rights development in Europen in the near future. This is done by applying to the legal context of the European integration project of Kreimer's vision of federalism, Karst's analysis of the "freedom of intimate association," and Koppelman's representation of sexual-orientation discrimination as sex discrimination. The argument will proceed as follows: Part I gives a short outline of the importance of federalism for the preservation of liberty. Part II will build on Koppelman's analysis of the nature of sexual orientation discrimination as …

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The Legal Obstacles To Foreign Direct Investment In Mexico's Oil Sector, Martin Miranda Jan 2009

The Legal Obstacles To Foreign Direct Investment In Mexico's Oil Sector, Martin Miranda

Fordham International Law Journal

This Note will present the arguments for and against foreign direct investment, but assess the Pemex reforms under the assumption that reform through privatization is necessary for survival. This Note will examine the likelihood of success for the recently proposed Pemex reforms, and what the Mexican government may expect with regards to Pemex's future. Part I provides an introduction to FDI and the legal and political framework that President Calderon must work in to accomplish Pemex reforms. Part II presents two financial models for energy reform that may serve as a blueprint for Pemex: 1) Mexico's electric power deregulatory scheme, …

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The Terrorism Bar To Asylum In Australia, Canada, The United Kingdom, And The United States: Transporting Best Practices, Won Kidane Jan 2009

The Terrorism Bar To Asylum In Australia, Canada, The United Kingdom, And The United States: Transporting Best Practices, Won Kidane

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article assesses the wisdom of the substantive laws enacted in the wake of 9/11 and the procedures set up to combat this enemy. This Article is divided into four parts. Part I evaluates the doctrinal debate relating to the definition of terror, terrorism and terrorists. More particularly, it attemps to demonstrate the difficulty in identify the "terrorist" that needs to be excluded, and how that definition affects the immigration laws. Part II sets the stage for a comparative analysis by briefly surverying the terrorism-related immigration laws and procedures of each jurisdiction to this study. Part III provides a detailed …

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Fighting Piracy In Somalia (And Elsewhere): Why More Is Needed, Milena Sterio Jan 2009

Fighting Piracy In Somalia (And Elsewhere): Why More Is Needed, Milena Sterio

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article argues that pirates should be treated as terrorists and that piracy-fighting countries should rely on a variety of antiterrorist conventions to justify the capture and prosecution of pirates. To provide a comprehensive outlook on piracy, Part I of this Article describes the history of piracy and its reappearance in the modern world. Part II briefly describes the resurgence of modern-day piracy, first in Southeast Asia and then in Somalia. Part III provides the current international legal framework for battling piracy, by focusing first on the definition of piracy in international law, and then on the existing international legal …

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Uprooting Children In The Name Of Equity, Merle H. Weiner Jan 2009

Uprooting Children In The Name Of Equity, Merle H. Weiner

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article ultimately recommends that courts should reign in, if not abandon, the doctrine of equitable estoppel as it is used in Hague child abduction cases. This Article supports its thesis in four parts. Part I describes the equitable estoppel argument as it has emerged within the Hague Convention framework. Part II then examines the Convention's legislative history and argues that the doctrine is incompatible with that history. Part III analyzes the principle policy basis offered in support of the doctrine: the deterrence of concealment. Part IV focuses on the best way to address concealment within the confines of the …

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Between A Rock And A Hard Place: Tensions Between The U.S.-Rok Status Of Forces Agreement And The Duty To Ensure Individual Rights Under The Iccpr , Rijie Ernie Gao Jan 2009

Between A Rock And A Hard Place: Tensions Between The U.S.-Rok Status Of Forces Agreement And The Duty To Ensure Individual Rights Under The Iccpr , Rijie Ernie Gao

Fordham International Law Journal

This Note argues that the Korea SOFA illustrates how the current approach to implementing SOFA agreements hinder state parties from complying with their legal obligations under article 2 of the ICCPR. Part I first provides an overview of the two competing bodies of international law at issue: the law governing the U.S. approach to foreign criminal jurisdiction, on the one hand, and the development of human rights law and the terms of article 2 of the ICCPR, on the other. Part II assesses the incompatibility between ICCPR and SOFA obligations from the point of view of both receiving and sending …

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Rule 11 Bis: An Examination Of The Process Of Referrals To National Courts In Icty Jurisprudence, Olympia Bekou Jan 2009

Rule 11 Bis: An Examination Of The Process Of Referrals To National Courts In Icty Jurisprudence, Olympia Bekou

Fordham International Law Journal

Rule 11 bis forms a cornerstone of the ICTY's completion strategy. Part I of this Article provides an analysis of the elements of the rule. This Part will highlight the purpose of Rule 11 bis, offer an overview of the legal basis through which the transfer of jurisdiction has taken place in the ICTY, discuss the referral process and the elements necessary for a successful referral, and, finally, round out the discussion with an overview of the decision making process of the referral bench in identifying which state is suitable to proceed with a trial once it is determined that …

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Tilting The Balance Between Capital And Labor? The Effects Of Regulatory Arbitrage In European Corporate Law On Employees, Martin Gelter Jan 2009

Tilting The Balance Between Capital And Labor? The Effects Of Regulatory Arbitrage In European Corporate Law On Employees, Martin Gelter

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article examines an issue of regulatory competition that seems to be of greater interest for the corporate governance of large, publicly traded firms: the position of the employees. The Article proceeds in three parts. Part I sets out the basic premise of the analysis by describing why employees may be relevant to the corporate governance structure. This Part will briefly draw on economic theory to explain why, at least under certain circumstances, it can be beneficial to create an institutional structure that facilitates long-term commitment between firms and their employees. Part II identifies aspects of European corporate law that …

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From Baghdad To Bagram: The Length & Strength Of The Suspension Clause After Boumediene, Justin D. D'Aloia Jan 2009

From Baghdad To Bagram: The Length & Strength Of The Suspension Clause After Boumediene, Justin D. D'Aloia

Fordham International Law Journal

This is a predictive Note that will examine the doctrine relating to war-time detention and endeavor to decipher who currently maintains a right to challenge executive detention in the wake of Boumediene. This Note therefore does not centrally discuss the authority of the United States to detain wartime prisoners, what procedure is due to detainees, the wisdom of the Boumediene approach to constitutional domain, or any other related issues. Instead, this Note will attempt to define the outer contours of the Suspension Clause by looking through the Boumediene prism to determine who may presently invoke the protections of the Suspension …

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An Unsatisfactory Case Of Self-Determination: Resolving Puerto Rico's Political Status, Lani E. Medina Jan 2009

An Unsatisfactory Case Of Self-Determination: Resolving Puerto Rico's Political Status, Lani E. Medina

Fordham International Law Journal

In the case of Puerto Rico, the exercise of self-determination has raised, and continues to raise, particularly difficult questions that have not been adequately addressed. Indeed, as legal scholars Gary Lawson and Robert Sloane observe in a recent article, “[t]he profound issues raised by the domestic and international legal status of Puerto Rico need to be faced and resolved.” Accordingly, this Note focuses on the application of the principle of self-determination to the people of Puerto Rico. Part I provides an overview of the development of the principle of self-determination in international law and Puerto Rico's commonwealth status. Part II …

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"A Mere Pretense Of Justice": Complementarity, Sham Trials, And Victor's Justice At The Rwanda Tribunal, Lars Waldorf Jan 2009

"A Mere Pretense Of Justice": Complementarity, Sham Trials, And Victor's Justice At The Rwanda Tribunal, Lars Waldorf

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article beings by sketching the background of the recent Rwandan Patriotic Front ("RPF") trial, focusing on domestic impunity for RPF crimes and strained relations between Rwanda and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda ("ICTR"). It next describes and analyzes the components of the ICTR-Rwanda agreement: the agreement itself, the RPF trial, and the ICTR prosecutor's assessment of the trial. The Article then explores the larger issues of prosecutorial discretion and independence, complementarily, and victor's justice, while examining the implications for the International Criminal Court ("ICC").

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The Precedent Of Pretrial Release At The Icty: A Road Better Left Less Traveled, Megan A. Fairlie Jan 2009

The Precedent Of Pretrial Release At The Icty: A Road Better Left Less Traveled, Megan A. Fairlie

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article facilitates just such an inquiry by tracking the progression of pretrial provisional release at the ICTY. This Article first considers pretrial release (or release pursuant to bail) in the abstract along with those rights that may theoretically be implicated by an act of pretrial detention. It then examines the relevant activity of the ICTY's predecessors, interim advancements in human rights law and the absence of a release-based statutory provision at the Yugoslav Tribunal. The applicable rule adopted by the ICTY is then assessed, along with subsequent amendments. At each stage, specific regard is given to the rights affected …

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Resale Price Maintenance: Explaining The Controversy, And Small Steps Towards A More Nuanced Policy, Matthew Bennett, Amelia Fletcher, Emanuele Giovannetti, David Stallibrass Jan 2009

Resale Price Maintenance: Explaining The Controversy, And Small Steps Towards A More Nuanced Policy, Matthew Bennett, Amelia Fletcher, Emanuele Giovannetti, David Stallibrass

Fordham International Law Journal

Part I of this Essay sets out why the legal framework in the EU amplifies what are, in reality, relatively small differences in thinking about resale price maintenance ("RPM"). This amplification is primarily due to the fact that the legal system asks economists, in the name of legal certainty, to draw a false dichotomy between those agreement and practices that are harmful and those that are beneficial. For practices like naked price-fixing, it is relatively easy for economists to agree on an answer. It is harder, however, for practices like RPM, which can give rise to serious anticompetitive harm, but …

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The Influence Of The European Convention On Fundamental Rights On Community Law, John L. Murray Jan 2009

The Influence Of The European Convention On Fundamental Rights On Community Law, John L. Murray

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article examines the operation of the European Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms system ("European Convention on Human Rights" or "Convention") (i.e., the Council of Europe's system for human rights protection, based on the European Convention on Human Rights and the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights, as distinct from the unique system of the European Union). The system is examined in an effort to discern the enhanced impact the Convention may have on Community law under the Lisbon Treaty, and the difficulties this may present.

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Of Trailers And Jet Skis: Is The Case Law On Article 34 Tfeu Hurtling In A New Direction?, Peter Oliver Jan 2009

Of Trailers And Jet Skis: Is The Case Law On Article 34 Tfeu Hurtling In A New Direction?, Peter Oliver

Fordham International Law Journal

The provision which is the focus of this Article is article 34 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union ("TFEU" or "Treaty") (formerly article 28 EC). This Article focuses on an analysis of two recent judgments on this important issue delivered by the European Court of Justice ("Court") in 2009, namely the Trailers decision and the Mickelsson decision. Before reaching these judgments, the Article discusses very briefly the relationship between the four freedoms (free movement of goods, persons, services, and capital) and then, as to the scope of article 34, reminds the reader of what is "the …

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The Growing Influence Of European Union Law, Piet Eeckhout Jan 2009

The Growing Influence Of European Union Law, Piet Eeckhout

Fordham International Law Journal

This Essay discusses a number of themes which show the growing influence of European Union ("EU") law. Four themes were chosen to illustrate that influence. The themes are interconnected, and hopefully bringing them together allows the reader to get a sense of the unique experiment which this "new legal order" continues to conduct. Part I examines the EU's own "federal question:" what exactly is the scope of EU law, and how is it determined? How does the case law, in particular that of the EU's supreme court, the European Court of Justice ("ECJ"), determine the boundaries of the EU law …

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Selected Opinions Of Lord Slynn As Advocate General, Rosa Greaves Jan 2009

Selected Opinions Of Lord Slynn As Advocate General, Rosa Greaves

Fordham International Law Journal

During Lord Gordon Slynn's period in office as the Advocate General at the European Court of Justice ("ECJ" or "Court") in Luxembourg, Lord Slynn delivered opinions in many significant cases covering the whole range of European Communities ("EC") competences, from cases concerning common agricultural policy and civil services to those concerned with the development of the common market and the interpretation of the substantive law of the European Community. Comments on Lord Slynn's opinions in cases concerning the substantive law of the internal market and on state aid cases have been published in other works. In this short Essay, the …

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Do “Sea Turtles” Creep Faster Than “Soft-Shell Turtles”: A Quantitative Study Of Academic Performance Of Law Faculty In Premier Chinese Law Schools, Wei Zhang Jan 2009

Do “Sea Turtles” Creep Faster Than “Soft-Shell Turtles”: A Quantitative Study Of Academic Performance Of Law Faculty In Premier Chinese Law Schools, Wei Zhang

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Since the adoption of the “Reform and Opening” policy in 1978, China has revived its century long tradition of sending students and scholars to study in western countries. In recent years, the unprecedented economic growth, paired with an increasingly competitive rate of compensation, has attracted a considerable number of such foreign degree holders back home to work or teach. In modern Chinese vocabulary, these returning talents are named as “sea turtles”, a word mimicking the pronunciation of the Chinese equivalent of the English phrase “coming back from abroad”. On the other hand, in compliance with the ancient Chinese rhetorical technique …

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A Control-Theoretical Fault Prognostics And Accommodation Framework For A Class Of Nonlinear Discrete-Time Systems, Balaje T. Thumati Jan 2009

A Control-Theoretical Fault Prognostics And Accommodation Framework For A Class Of Nonlinear Discrete-Time Systems, Balaje T. Thumati

Doctoral Dissertations

"Fault diagnostics and prognostics schemes (FDP) are necessary for complex industrial systems to prevent unscheduled downtime resulting from component failures. Existing schemes in continuous-time are useful for diagnosing complex industrial systems and no work has been done for prognostics. Therefore, in this dissertation, a systematic design methodology for model-based fault prognostics and accommodation is undertaken for a class of nonlinear discrete-time systems. This design methodology, which does not require any failure data, is introduced in six papers. In Paper I, a fault detection and prediction (FDP) scheme is developed for a class of nonlinear system with state faults by assuming …

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Taproot™ Technology: Tree Coring For Fast, Noninvasive Plume Delineations, Joel Gerard Burken, Sallie Bailey, Matt Shurtliff, Jeff Mcdermott Jan 2009

Taproot™ Technology: Tree Coring For Fast, Noninvasive Plume Delineations, Joel Gerard Burken, Sallie Bailey, Matt Shurtliff, Jeff Mcdermott

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In Efforts to Evaluate the Use of Plants as a Forensic Tool for Delineating Contaminated Soil and Groundwater, a Laboratory Experiment and a Field Sampling Effort Were Undertaken. Site Assessments Are Often Costly and Inaccurate, Requiring Multiple Mobilizations to Hone in on Source Areas and Getting Accurate Estimates of Contaminant Extent and Distribution. as These Extensive Site Delineations Take Place, Valuable Time and Resources Are Lost. the Findings of This Study Show that Plants Can Be Used as a Tool to Evaluate a Variety of Subsurface Contaminants, Either in the Vadose Zone or in the Saturated Zone. in the First …

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Analysis Of Privacy And Security Policies, Elisa Bertino, Carolyn Brodie, Seraphin Calo, Lorrie Faith Cranor, Clare Marie Karat, John Karat, Ninghui Li, Dan Lin, Jorge Lobo, Qun Ni, Prathima Rao, Xiping Wang Jan 2009

Analysis Of Privacy And Security Policies, Elisa Bertino, Carolyn Brodie, Seraphin Calo, Lorrie Faith Cranor, Clare Marie Karat, John Karat, Ninghui Li, Dan Lin, Jorge Lobo, Qun Ni, Prathima Rao, Xiping Wang

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

The distributed nature of the environment in which privacy and security policies operate requires tools that help enforce consistency of policy rules across different domains. Furthermore, because changes to policy rules are required as policies evolve over time, such tools can be used by policy administrators to ensure the consistency of policy changes. in this paper, we describe a number of different policy analysis tools and techniques that we have developed over the years and present them in a unified framework in which both privacy and security policies are discussed. We cover dominance analyses of general policies, conflicts among authorizations …

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On Nonlinear Generalizations Of The Kdv And Bbm Equations From Long Range Water Wave Theory, Timothy A. Smith Jan 2009

On Nonlinear Generalizations Of The Kdv And Bbm Equations From Long Range Water Wave Theory, Timothy A. Smith

Publications

A generalization of the famous KdV and BBM equation are considered with a new nonlinear term. Sufficient conditions of solvability, existence and uniqueness are established.

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Labor Flexibility, Legal Reform And Economic Development, Alvaro Santos Jan 2009

Labor Flexibility, Legal Reform And Economic Development, Alvaro Santos

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

The current global financial crisis has provoked intense criticism of the regulatory framework for financial markets. Financial market flexibility, once considered the key to successful financial institutions and economic growth, has now come under intense scrutiny. In contrast, labor market flexibility is still promoted by scholars and international policymakers as an essential part of the recipe for economic development. This Article argues that the predominant understanding of labor flexibility is misguided and needs to be revised. To illustrate why, the Article undertakes a critical examination of labor flexibility as developed by a leading World Bank project, called “Doing Business.” It …

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