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2009

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Relationship Between Time Of Eating And Injuries In Student Athletes, Yasuaki Okawa May 2009

Relationship Between Time Of Eating And Injuries In Student Athletes, Yasuaki Okawa

All Theses

ABSTRACT
There is a significant body of research on the relationships between exercise and nutrition for enhancing athletic performance. However, there is a deficit of research on the relationship between time of eating and athletic injuries. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the time of eating and athletic injuries in collegiate student-athletes. Given the potential relationship between night eating, sleep disruption, and impaired wound healing, the hypothesis of this research is that eating late at night increases the incidence of chronic athletic injuries.
Data from a convenience sample of 34 student-athletes, 8 male and …

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Specific And Non-Specific Binding Of Proteins And Nucleic Acids On Chemically Modified Reticulated Vitreous Carbon Electrodes, Hemangi Shedge May 2009

Specific And Non-Specific Binding Of Proteins And Nucleic Acids On Chemically Modified Reticulated Vitreous Carbon Electrodes, Hemangi Shedge

All Theses

Proteins and nucleic acids play major roles in many important biological processes. Specific and rapid detection of these biomolecules is important for early and precise diagnosis of various genetic diseases and other medical conditions. However, accurate and inexpensive detection of proteins and nucleic acids has always been a challenge. One of the obstacles is their non-specific adsorption on the sensor surface which leads to the conformational changes in the proteins, sometimes causing their denaturation. The non-specific adsorption on the surface also leads to sensor fouling which induces changes in the availability of active sensor surface for detection of analytes and …

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Population Reconstruction Model To Analyze Harvest And Banding Data For Mourning Doves In South Carolina, Christopher Chumbley May 2009

Population Reconstruction Model To Analyze Harvest And Banding Data For Mourning Doves In South Carolina, Christopher Chumbley

All Theses

Mourning dove (Zenaida macroura) call count indices for South Carolina indicate a negative trend over the past 42 years (1.2% decline per year, p < 0.05). Total harvest estimates in the state increased from 2003-2007. Banding data from doves banded in South Carolina and data from annual examinations of harvested mourning dove wings during 2003-2007 were collected and analyzed. Data sets used contained 6,600 banded doves and 21,240 harvested dove wings. Survival estimates from band recovery analyses for adult and juvenile doves were 0.44 (± 0.04 SE) and 0.35 (± 0.06 SE), respectively. Survival rates were constant from year to year while recovery rates differed annually for adults and juveniles. The average natural mortality estimates for adults and juveniles in the presence of hunting were 0.45 ± 0.122 and 0.47 ± 0.189, respectively, during the study period. The average harvest and kill rates for adults and juveniles were also estimated. Age-at-harvest ratios adapted from annual wing examinations during the harvest were used with recovery rates to derive estimates of annual productivity in the population. Linear regression analysis of productivity estimates found a significant decline in productivity during 2003-2007 (-0.21, p < 0.10). The average productivity estimate was 1.43 (± 0.33 SE) juveniles per adult and the estimated productivity required to maintain a stable population was 1.60 (± 0.30 SE). The effects of constant survival rates, varying hunting mortality estimates and declining productivity estimates were discussed in relation to breeding populations in rural areas of South Carolina.

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Forage Species Alters Animal Performance, Carcass Quality, And Fatty Acid Composition Of Forage-Finished Beef Produced In Summer Months, Jason Schmidt May 2009

Forage Species Alters Animal Performance, Carcass Quality, And Fatty Acid Composition Of Forage-Finished Beef Produced In Summer Months, Jason Schmidt

All Theses

The objective of this study was to evaluate how forages grazed during the summer months alter live animal performance, carcass quality, consumer acceptability and fatty acid composition in finishing beef cattle. Angus-cross steers (n=60) were finished on alfalfa (AL), bermudagrass (BG), chicory (CH), cowpea (CO), and pearl millet (PM) during this two year trial. Using a complete randomized block design, ten 2-ha paddocks were blocked and assigned to forage species (2 reps per species). Each year, steers (n=3) were randomly assigned to paddocks and grazing began when adequate forage growth for individual species was present. Put and take grazing techniques …

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The Effect Of Hydrostatic Pressure On Bladder Smooth Muscle Cell Function, Margaret Drumm May 2009

The Effect Of Hydrostatic Pressure On Bladder Smooth Muscle Cell Function, Margaret Drumm

All Theses

Previous research has demonstrated that bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC) respond to various forms of mechanical stimuli, including stretch and hydrostatic pressure, by increases of cell proliferation, activation of intracellular signaling pathways, and alteration of contractile and synthetic marker protein expression. These cellular/molecular level changes are all indicative of a BSMC phenotypic shift that can negatively impact the bladder function at the tissue and organ level. The objective of the present study is to test a hypothesis that bladder SMCs shift their phenotype from contractile to synthetic in response to elevated hydrostatic pressure. Rat bladder SMC cultures were exposed to …

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Accommodating Death: An Examination Of The Role Of Scientific Accommodation In Forensic Anthropology, Christina D'Elia May 2009

Accommodating Death: An Examination Of The Role Of Scientific Accommodation In Forensic Anthropology, Christina D'Elia

All Theses

Scientists have strong motivations to communicate with the public, yet this communication is often ineffective. As Ann Penrose and Steven Katz explain in Writing in the Sciences, there are three major reasons why scientists communicate with the public: moral, economic, and political (177). Despite these reasons for scientists to communicate with the public, it is not always easy for this communication to take place, due to divisions of audience and discourse community, as well as the scientists’ biases against communicating with the public. Scientific accommodation helps to bridge this gap.
In some fields, like forensic anthropology, scientists write their own …

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Growth And Modeling Of Freshwater Algae As A Function Of Media Inorganic Carbon Content, Mary Watson May 2009

Growth And Modeling Of Freshwater Algae As A Function Of Media Inorganic Carbon Content, Mary Watson

All Theses

In response to global climate change, the Department of Energy (DOE) has specified advanced biological processes, such as cultivation of algal biomass in alkaline ponds, as part of a carbon management plan. The goal of this thesis was to investigate use of a mixed freshwater algal culture for biological carbon mitigation. Extensive review of carbonate dynamics, laboratory investigations to characterize algal growth, and development of a dynamic algal growth model were completed.
The presented literature review summarizes carbonate equilibria and kinetics needed for development of carbon mitigation technologies, especially in freshwaters. Reaction mechanisms, equilibrium relationships, kinetic rate constants, and kinetic …

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Investigation Of Training Algorithms For Hidden Markov Models Applied To Automatic Speech Recognition, Eric Fang May 2009

Investigation Of Training Algorithms For Hidden Markov Models Applied To Automatic Speech Recognition, Eric Fang

All Theses

The work presented in this thesis focuses on simulating a speech recognizer which is trained by different people with different speaking styles and investigates how sensitive the training and recognition processes are to the variations in the training data. There are four main parts to this work. The first involves an experiment of weighting methods for training with multiple observation sequences. The second involves the testing of different initial parameters. The third part includes the first experiment involving training with multiple observation sequences. The model's sensitivity to variations in training data was evaluated by comparing the cases of different values …

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A Pulsatile Bioreactor For Conditioning Tissue Engineered Heart Valves, Leslie Sierad May 2009

A Pulsatile Bioreactor For Conditioning Tissue Engineered Heart Valves, Leslie Sierad

All Theses

Tissue engineered constructs with autologous adult stem cells capable of self-repair and growth are highly desired replacements for diseased heart valves. However, the current approaches have inadequate mechanical properties to withstand in vivo implantation. Therefore, our group hypothesized that an in vitro environment of physiological intra-cardiac pressures and flow will stimulate stem cells to differentiate and remodel valvular scaffold constructs before implantation.
The group developed a pneumatic-driven conditioning system (Aim I) consisting of a three-chambered heart valve bioreactor, a pressurized compliance tank, a reservoir tank, one-way valves, pressure-retaining valves, and pressure transducers. The system can be sterilized using conventional autoclaving …

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Contracting In The Pharmaceutical Industry: Predicting Payments In Strategic Alliances, Jonathan Altman May 2009

Contracting In The Pharmaceutical Industry: Predicting Payments In Strategic Alliances, Jonathan Altman

All Dissertations

ABSTRACT
This paper empirically analyzes how circumstances affect the creation of strategic alliances in the pharmaceutical industry, and the form these alliances take. The models introduced in this paper use the cost of capital and monitoring costs to predict the timing of the deal, which in turn allows the prediction of the deal type. The deal type is then used to predict payment types used in the deal. Deals are characterized by five payment types; upfront, royalty, milestone, equity, and research payments. Deals are also characterized by one of five deal types; co-development, license, acquisition, outsource, and asset purchase. Each …

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Synthesis Of Ionic Liquid Monomers Using Fluorinated Sulfonyl Imide Anions And The 1,3-Dialkylimidazolium Cation, Thomas Hickman May 2009

Synthesis Of Ionic Liquid Monomers Using Fluorinated Sulfonyl Imide Anions And The 1,3-Dialkylimidazolium Cation, Thomas Hickman

All Dissertations

With their unique material and solvent properties, ionic liquids have seen an amazing, exponential increase in interest. After a brief introduction of select areas of interest for these compounds, this thesis mainly focuses on the development of novel polyfunctional ionic liquids and polymeric ionic liquids.
One of the preferred anions for ionic liquids is the bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl) imide anion, first introduced by our group in 1982. It shows excellent thermal stability and the desired resonance delocalization of a negative charge for ionic liquids. A series of monofunctional, difunctional, and multi-functional bis(perfluoroalkylsufonyl)imides, along with 1,3-dialkylimidazolium cations were prepared by direct methylation of …

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The Animated Work Environment: A Vision For Working Life In A Digital Society, Henrique Houayek May 2009

The Animated Work Environment: A Vision For Working Life In A Digital Society, Henrique Houayek

All Dissertations

Dramatic transformations in the nature, place and organization of working life due to increasing sophistication and access of information technologies in the United States suggest a redesign of the work environment as a socially and technologically responsive system occupying both home and office.
This thesis examines the process of creation of an 'Animated Work Environment' [AWE]. A space in the scale of a cubicle envisioned as an environment-as-responsive-robot; an articulated, programmable interior accommodating a range of digital technologies across fluid assemblages of people working with both printed and digital materials in a variety of locations and settings, searching for a …

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Biology And Ecology Of Wild Radish (Raphanus Raphanistrum), Mayank Malik May 2009

Biology And Ecology Of Wild Radish (Raphanus Raphanistrum), Mayank Malik

All Dissertations

Wild radish ( L.), a facultative winter annual is a troublesome weed in small grain crops of the Southeastern United States. Besides being a weed, it may also be used as a cover crop for weed management due to its production of glucosinolates. Studies were conducted to evaluate the biology and ecology of wild radish as well as its glucosinolate production and its weed management possibilities.
Wild radish emerging in fall months formed a rosette of leaves which aided its winter survival. Plants emerging from December through March that did not form a rosette had minimal survival. Wild radish life …

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Adsorption-Induced Changes In Enzyme Bioactivity Correlated With Adsorbed Protein Orientation And Conformation, Kenan Fears May 2009

Adsorption-Induced Changes In Enzyme Bioactivity Correlated With Adsorbed Protein Orientation And Conformation, Kenan Fears

All Dissertations

Systems using immobilized enzymes are attractive for a wide range of industrial and medical applications because they allow for fabrication of stable, reusable substrates with a highly specific functionality. The performance of these systems is greatly influenced by the orientation and conformation of the immobilized enzymes. To investigate these relationships, we have developed and applied methods to quantitatively assess the secondary structure of adsorbed enzyme layers on planar surfaces using circular dichroism (CD) spectropolarimetry and evaluate their bioactivity using colorimetric assays. When combined with knowledge of an enzyme's native structure, these methods provide a means to correlate changes in enzyme …

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Development Of An Original Laboratory Prototype For A Field Tritium Detector Containing A Pem Electrolyzer Mounted In Series With A Gas Proportional Counter, Aurelie Soreefan May 2009

Development Of An Original Laboratory Prototype For A Field Tritium Detector Containing A Pem Electrolyzer Mounted In Series With A Gas Proportional Counter, Aurelie Soreefan

All Dissertations

Tritium is naturally present in very small concentrations in the environment, principally in the form HTO. Thermonuclear detonations, leaks from waste tanks at the Department of Energy (DOE) sites and accidental releases from nuclear power plants have introduced significant quantities of tritium into the environment. Even though tritium is the least toxic of the known beta emitters, its presence in the environment, primarily in the aqueous form, poses a radiological threat because of its easy accessibility. Tritium removal from the environment is technologically impractical. Thus tritium contamination is generally contained, decays in place and is monitored to protect the public …

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The Effects Of Wastewater Effluent On A Fish And Amphibian Species, Anthony Sowers May 2009

The Effects Of Wastewater Effluent On A Fish And Amphibian Species, Anthony Sowers

All Dissertations

Wastewater effluents have been shown to contain a variety of anthropogenic compounds, many of which have endocrine-disrupting properties. While multiple laboratory studies have shown the effects of such compounds on an individual basis at elevated concentrations, little research has attempted to characterize the effects of exposure to environmentally relevant mixtures of endocrine disruptors. The current study examined the effects of long-term exposure to graded concentrations of wastewater effluent on the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas, and the northern leopard frog, Rana pipiens. Fathead minnows were exposed from the larval stage through sexual maturity, while northern leopard frogs were exposed as eggs …

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Recovery Of Fathead Minnows (Pimephales Promelas) Following Episodic Copper Exposure: A Biochemical, Physiological, Individual, And Population Perspective, Holly Zahner May 2009

Recovery Of Fathead Minnows (Pimephales Promelas) Following Episodic Copper Exposure: A Biochemical, Physiological, Individual, And Population Perspective, Holly Zahner

All Dissertations

The US EPA utilizes the Biotic Ligand Model (BLM) when developing site-specific water-quality criteria for copper. The BLM was calibrated using toxicity data from fixed duration continuous exposures (48 or 96h LC50). However, exposures of copper in natural aquatic systems typically vary in concentration, duration, and may occur multiple times over the life-span of an organism. Additionally, organisms will experience periods in copper free water, potentially allowing them to detoxify and recover homeostasis. Yet, the BLM framework does not consider brief exposures (<24h), multiple exposures, latent responses, or organism recovery, potentially resulting in an inaccurate assessment of exposure toxicity. A recently proposed physiologically-based addition to the BLM will extend the applicability of the framework to brief, multiple pulse copper exposures. Thus, the overall goal of this research was to characterize the recovery of larval Pimephales promelas following episodic copper exposure at a biochemical, physiological, individual, and population level.
The response of whole-body sodium, whole-body Na+/K+-ATPase, and whole-body carbonic anhydrase in larval P. promleas was quantified …

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Construction And Characterization Of A Novel Fusion Protein From The Extracellular Domain Of Mult1 And Transmembrane And Intracellular Domains Of Fas And Its Therapeutic Evaluation For Cancer Treatment Using An Adenoviral Delivery System, Hari Shankar Kotturi Rajeshwar May 2009

Construction And Characterization Of A Novel Fusion Protein From The Extracellular Domain Of Mult1 And Transmembrane And Intracellular Domains Of Fas And Its Therapeutic Evaluation For Cancer Treatment Using An Adenoviral Delivery System, Hari Shankar Kotturi Rajeshwar

All Dissertations

One of the strategies that tumor cells adopt to evade immunosurveillance mounted by elements of the innate immune system, such as NK cells, is to down-regulate certain cell surface molecules through a process also called shedding. Mouse UL16-binding protein-like transcript 1 (MULT1), which can activate NK cells through NK cell receptor NKG2D, is one of such molecules. Tumor cells can also avoid Fas mediated apoptosis by down-regulating its expression, secreting antagonistic `decoy' receptors, or expressing anti-apoptotic molecules. In this study, we report the design and evaluation of the antitumor activity of a novel fusion protein MULT1E/FasTI, consisting of the extracellular …

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Microcantilever-Based Force Sensing, Control And Imaging, Reza Saeidpourazar May 2009

Microcantilever-Based Force Sensing, Control And Imaging, Reza Saeidpourazar

All Dissertations

This dissertation presents a distributed-parameters base modeling framework for microcantilever (MC)-based force sensing and control with applications to nanomanipulation and imaging. Due to the widespread applications of MCs in nanoscale force sensing or atomic force microscopy with nano-Newton to pico-Newton force measurement requirements, precise modeling of the involved MCs is essential. Along this line, a distributed-parameters modeling framework is proposed which is followed by a modified robust controller with perturbation estimation to target the problem of delay in nanoscale imaging and manipulation. It is shown that the proposed nonlinear model-based controller can stabilize such nanomanipulation process in a very short …

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Taxonomic Revision Of Species Of The Genus Monoecocestus (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae), Terry R. Haverkost May 2009

Taxonomic Revision Of Species Of The Genus Monoecocestus (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae), Terry R. Haverkost

School of Biological Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

My dissertation research is an important contribution to the taxonomy of anoplocephalid cestodes. Almost all research conducted for these chapters was done by staining, mounting, and measuring anoplocephalid cestodes from the Bolivian Biodiversity Survey conducted in Bolivia from 1984-2000. These specimens were collected and processed in the field and deposited in the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology. I was particularly interested in species of the genus Monoecocestus Beddard, 1914 that parasitize caviid and sigmodontine rodents. In all instances, the material studied has lead to the description of new species or the redescription of existing species of Monoecocestus. In …

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Gamma Sigma Delta Newsletter - Nebraska Chapter, Issue #37, May 2009 May 2009

Gamma Sigma Delta Newsletter - Nebraska Chapter, Issue #37, May 2009

Gamma Sigma Delta, Nebraska Chapter: Newsletters

President’s Message -- Clayton Kelling
GAMMA SIGMA DELTA COMMITTEES ‐ 2009 OUTSTANDING SCHOLARLY ACHIEVEMENTS IN 2008‐2009
Kelly Ingram -- Outstanding Gamma Sigma Delta Underclassman
Lindsay Calhoon -- Outstanding Gamma Sigma Delta Senior
2008 GAMMA SIGMA DELTA NEW MEMBERS
2008 INITIATION AND AWARDS BANQUET: Dr. Martin Massengale received the 2008 Gamma Sigma Delta International Distinguished Achievement in Agriculture Award.
Excellence in Extension Award: Dr. Rick Rasby
Excellence in Teaching Award: Dr. Bryan Reiling
Excellence in Research Award: Dr. Andrew Benson
IN MEMORIAM: James V. Drew, Rose Marie Tondl, Wallace W. Wilhelm
Renewal of Active Membership / Dues for 2009

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Policy, Uniformity, Discretion, And Congress’S Sentencing Acid Trip, Mark Osler May 2009

Policy, Uniformity, Discretion, And Congress’S Sentencing Acid Trip, Mark Osler

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

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A Left Amygdala Mediated Network For Rapid Orienting To Masked Fearful Faces, Joshua M. Carlson, Karen S. Reinke, Reza Habib May 2009

A Left Amygdala Mediated Network For Rapid Orienting To Masked Fearful Faces, Joshua M. Carlson, Karen S. Reinke, Reza Habib

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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Proximate Characterization And Lycopene Determination In Bitter Melon Seed Aril, Luis Raul Jimenez Interiano May 2009

Proximate Characterization And Lycopene Determination In Bitter Melon Seed Aril, Luis Raul Jimenez Interiano

Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

Bitter melon aril is the mucilage covering the fruit's seeds which could contain beneficial dietary ingredients. The bright red color of bitter melon aril suggests that it could contain lycopene. The purpose of this study was to determine the proximate composition of bitter melon aril and to explore this material as a potential rich source of lycopene that has health benefits. Bitter melon aril from Sri Lanka, harvested in Arkansas, USA in 2005, 2006, and 2007 was analyzed. An investigation to develop an extraction method for lycopene from bitter melon was performed using liquid-liquid and a polar liquid extraction. The …

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Understanding The Effects Of Hydrophobicity For The Detection Of Methylated Dna By Microchannel Electrophoresis, Micah Fritsche May 2009

Understanding The Effects Of Hydrophobicity For The Detection Of Methylated Dna By Microchannel Electrophoresis, Micah Fritsche

Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism used for long - term silencing of gene expression. This silencing of gene expression can be involved in the down regulation of genes involved in apoptosis, which is a process of regulated cell death, and this inability to break down cells can ultimately lead to tumor formation in cancer. Methylation of DNA follows a certain pattern through developmental stages of an individual, and this pattern is normally maintained throughout that individual's life. However, in the DNA of older individuals, this methylation is commonly seen to be altered. This altered pattern of methylation can be …

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Development Of An In-Vitro Tissue Engineered Blood Vessel Mimic Using Human Large Vessel Cell Sources, Dimitri E. Delagrammaticas May 2009

Development Of An In-Vitro Tissue Engineered Blood Vessel Mimic Using Human Large Vessel Cell Sources, Dimitri E. Delagrammaticas

Master's Theses

Tissue engineering is an emerging field that offers novel and unmatched potential medical therapies and treatments. While the vast aim of tissue engineering endeavors is to provide clinically implantable constructs, secondary applications have been developed to utilize tissue-engineered constructs for in-vitro evaluation of devices and therapies. Specifically, in-vitro blood vessel mimics (BVM) have been developed to create a bench-top blood vessel model using human cells that can be used to test and evaluate vascular disease treatments and intravascular devices. Previous BVM work has used fat derived human microvascular endothelial cells (EC) sodded on an ePTFE scaffold. To create a more …

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Shear Strength And Artificial Aging Characterization For Silicone Bonding Of Polyisobutylene (Pibs) Blends In Relation To Their Use As Lead Insulation Material, Shawn Grening May 2009

Shear Strength And Artificial Aging Characterization For Silicone Bonding Of Polyisobutylene (Pibs) Blends In Relation To Their Use As Lead Insulation Material, Shawn Grening

Master's Theses

In order to take advantage of the properties of poly(styrene-isobutylene-styrene) PIBS and PIB based blends as lead insulation materials, they must be able to sufficiently bond to the various materials that make up the cardiac device. The bonded PIBS must be able to withstand the mechanical stress and corrosive environment of the human body due to the long term use of these devices. Based on the component requirements of lead insulation, the first objective of this study was to perform an initial screening of multiple PIBS / stainless steel / silicone adhesive combinations. The specific polymers of interest were PIBS, …

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Chiral Sedimentation Of Extended Objects In Viscous Media, Nathan W. Krapf, Thomas A. Witten, Nathan C. Keim May 2009

Chiral Sedimentation Of Extended Objects In Viscous Media, Nathan W. Krapf, Thomas A. Witten, Nathan C. Keim

Physics

We study theoretically the chirality of a generic rigid object’s sedimentation in a fluid under gravity in the low Reynolds number regime. We represent the object as a collection of small Stokes spheres or stokeslets and the gravitational force as a constant point force applied at an arbitrary point of the object. For a generic configuration of stokeslets and forcing point, the motion takes a simple form in the nearly free draining limit where the stokeslet radius is arbitrarily small. In this case, the internal hydrodynamic interactions between stokeslets are weak, and the object follows a helical path while rotating …

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The Membrane Interface Of Chloroplast Signal Recognition Particle-Dependent Protein Targeting, Naomi Jane Marty May 2009

The Membrane Interface Of Chloroplast Signal Recognition Particle-Dependent Protein Targeting, Naomi Jane Marty

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

A novel signal recognition particle (SRP) found in the chloroplast (cpSRP) works in combination with the cpSRP receptor, cpFtsY, to facilitate the post-translational targeting of a family of nuclear-encoded thylakoid proteins to the Alb3 translocase in thylakoid membranes. Work here focused on understanding events at the membrane that take place to ensure targeting of the cpSRP-dependent substrate to Alb3. Specifically, we sought to understand the structural and functional role of membrane binding by cpFtsY, a protein that exhibits the ability to partition between the membrane (thylakoid) and soluble (stroma) phase during protein targeting. We also sought to understand whether a …

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Preparation, Separation, Purification, Characterization And Human Cell Line Anti-Cancer Evaluation Of Rice Bran Peptides, Arvind Kannan May 2009

Preparation, Separation, Purification, Characterization And Human Cell Line Anti-Cancer Evaluation Of Rice Bran Peptides, Arvind Kannan

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Bioactive compounds are revolutionizing the nutritional and medicinal world with their inherent disease-fighting properties. A wide range of functional groups fall under the category of imparting health benefits. Compounds from both animal and plant origins have been generated as bioactive agents that have opened up new vistas for alternative medicine and natural healing. For example, in a debilitating disease like cancer, these compounds can act to suppress or delay the underlying pathology over and above the conventional treatment strategies involving drugs or chemotherapy. In other words conventional and invasive therapy, although still considered appropriate at certain stages of cancer, their …

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