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Modeling Problems In Mucus Viscoelasticity And Mucociliary Clearance, Michael M. Norton

Theses

From the common cold and allergies to severe chronic and acute respiratory impairments, the function of the body's mucociliary clearance mechanism plays a primary defense role. Mucus demonstrates numerous non-Newtonian behaviors which set it apart from viscous fluids. Among them: Bingham plastic behavior, shear-thinning, and elasticity on short time scales due to relaxation time. Experimental evidence suggests that certain rheologies promote effective transport. In an effort to reveal the mechanisms controlling transport, models are developed. Firstly, a steady state model which idealizes the mucus as a rigid body is created in order to bring together disparate bodies of experimental work …

Computational Studies On R67 Dihydrofolate Reductase: An Investigation Into Its Unique Binding Patterns, Chuanyin Shi

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

R67 dihydrofolate reductase (R67 DHFR) is a plasmid encoded enzyme which catalyzes the reduction of dihydrofolate (DHF) to tetrahydrofolate (THF) using NADPH as a cofactor. R67 DHFR is a homo-tetramer and D2 symmetric. It contains only one active site, which spans the central channel of the enzyme. The active site can bind either two reactants (DHF), two cofactors (NADPH) or one of each (NADPH/DHF), which is the productive ternary complex (i.e. the complex which yields product). In order to favor formation of the productive complex, this enzyme exhibits binding cooperativity. Unlike other allosteric enzymes which achieve binding cooperativity through conformational …

Traumatic Stress As A Predictor Of Suicidality, Sherry Malana Todd

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

Suicide is a deliberate act of annihilation against one's self due to a crisis of problem solving. Far too many youth are dying by their own hands resulting in suicide being the third leading cause of death for 10-19 year olds (CDC, 2005). Suicide is particularly problematic for adolescents due to the impulsivity inherent in adolescent development. Since 1980, the national suicide rate of African American youth has increased by 114 percent (CDC). Suicidality has been positively correlated with depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; Kessler et al., 1999). Suicidality is more prevalent when a person experiences a tragic or …

Implementing Supplemental Course Material Websites For Higher Education Technology Courses, Mark W. Bromwich

Graduate Research Papers

Supplemental websites have the potential to assist students in gathering course materials, encouraging topic exploration, and increasing the ability for students to communicate in a traditional face-to-face technology college classroom. This project description presents the results of a supplemental website's development and deployment into a traditional face-to-face college technology course, and measures its success. The research focuses on successful Internet employment within traditional classrooms to ensure that the content of the supplemental website has value to the students. The methodology used to develop the website and select materials was based upon the Dick and Carey Instructional Design Method (Dick & …

What Methods Have Been Used To Help Narrow The Achievement Gap Between African-American Students And White Students?, Cindra L. Landau

Graduate Research Papers

The research in this paper provides an overview and analysis of the problems in our nations' schools pertaining to the achievement gap between African-American students and White students, and what interventions and/or supports that have been found to start narrowing this gap. The analysis is based on educational journals, books and my own personal experiences from the stand point of teaching in a school with 60% African-American students. It will reveal some of the factors that may contribute to the achievement gap between African-American and White students, as well as teacher/student relations, classroom management and high/low teacher expectations, parent/teacher relations, …

Second Language Development And Guided Reading, Emilia Alejo Hummel

Graduate Research Papers

Elementary teachers are being challenged to teach literacy to second language learners. In order to best serve ELL's, teachers must understand how these students acquire English and how to meet their varying literacy needs in the classroom. This project describes best practices in teaching guided reading to ELL's. The study will describe the implementation of the ELL guided reading program and how instruction was informed by knowledge of language learning.

Ca125/Muc16 Is Dispensable For Mouse Development And Reproduction, Dong-Joo Cheon, Ying Wang, Jian Min Deng, Zhen Lu, Lianchun Xiao, Chun-Ming Chen, Robert C Bast, Richard R Behringer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is a blood biomarker that is routinely used to monitor the progression of human epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and is encoded by MUC16, a member of the mucin gene family. The biological function of CA125/MUC16 and its potential role in EOC are poorly understood. Here we report the targeted disruption of the of the Muc16 gene in the mouse. To generate Muc16 knockout mice, 6.0 kb was deleted that included the majority of exon 3 and a portion of intron 3 and replaced with a lacZ reporter cassette. Loss of Muc16 protein expression suggests that Muc16 …

The Natives And Their Returns In Thomas Hardy’S The Return Of The Native, Jason Burger

The Oswald Review: An International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Criticism in the Discipline of English

No abstract provided.

The Oswald Review Undergraduate Research And Criticism In The Discipline Of English: Volume 11 Fall 2009

The Oswald Review: An International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Criticism in the Discipline of English

No abstract provided.

Mid-Western Educational Research Association 32nd Annual Meeting Call For Proposals, Gordon Brooks

Mid-Western Educational Researcher

Call for Proposals

Diving Into An Issue And Dragonflying On The Surface: Two Contrastive Discursive Patterns Of Class Discussions, Wen Ma

Mid-Western Educational Researcher

While a discussion-based instructional approach is often employed by classroom teachers and university professors for teaching English, literature and varied content areas, there are few studies that have focused on how intellectually sophisticated doctoral students participate in class discussions to acquire discipline-specific content and what their discussions look like. This case study examined the discursive features of discussions in a doctoral seminar on qualitative research methods for education. Two types of dialogic engagement were identified: diving into an issue and dragonflying on the surface. These findings may help professors and advanced learners tap the potential of whole class and small …

Microfluidic Pumping Based On Traveling-Wave Dielectrophoresis, D Liu, S V. Garimella

CTRC Research Publications

This paper presents a microfluidic pumping approach using traveling-wave dielectrophoresis (twDEP) of microparticles. With this approach, the flow is generated directly in the microfluidic devices by inducing strong electromechanical effects in the fluid using integrated microelectrodes. The fluidic driving mechanisms due to the particle-fluid and particle-particle interactions under twDEP are analyzed, and the induced flow field is obtained from numerical simulations. Experimental measurements of the flow velocity in a prototype DEP micropumping device show satisfactory agreement with the numerical predications. Results from this work indicate that the DEP-induced micropumping scheme holds great promise for devising versatile, self-contained microscale fluidic delivery …

An Integrated Simulation Environment Combining Process-Driven And Event-Driven Models, Vishnu Sharma Kesaraju

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

A simulation framework that integrates process-driven and event-driven approaches offers a powerful combination of tools to the modeler. In process-driven simulation models, the system can be represented by block diagrams or system networks through which entities flow to mimic real life system objects. In event-driven models, the system can be represented by event graphs, which focus on the abstraction of the event rather than on observable physical entities. In this research, a simulation environment is proposed that integrates both the approaches, i.e. process and event. One of the main outcomes of working in such an environment is that modelers can …

In-Vitro Biocompatibility Of Silver Nanoparticles Anchored On Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Alicia Brooks Castle

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Silver (Ag) nanoparticles were anchored on the surface of three different multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs): Ag-MWNTs (pure carbon), Ag-MWNT-COx (carbonyl and carboxyl doped), and Ag-MWNT-CNx (Nitrogen-doped). The chemical reactivity of the nanotubes was MWNTs< COx-MWNTs< CNx-MWNT. Ag-NP anchored on the MWNTs had an average size corresponding to MWNTs 6.64nm +/- 2.25nm; CNx-MWNTs, 13.24nm +/- 3.94nm, and COx-MWNT/Ag 11.75nm +/- 4.65nm. Cellular function and immune response were evaluated to determine biocompatibility of the synthesized nanomaterials (NM) on the human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT). Cellular assays revealed toxicity after 24h however, full cellular recovery was observed at 48h. These results suggest Ag nanoparticles anchored on MWNTs have the ability to interact with cells without disrupting cellular function.

The Development Of Preservice Elementary Teachers' Pedagogical Content Knowledge For Scientific Modeling, Michelle Elizabeth Cotterman

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

For teachers to effectively engage students in scientific modeling, they require pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) for this practice. This study examines how preservice elementary teachers develop PCK for scientific modeling when given modeling centered instruction in a science methods course. Our findings indicate preservice teachers made significant pedagogical gains in this practice, shifting from using models as static products to using them as thinking tools for students to develop science content knowledge. However, few viewed learning the practice of scientific modeling as an important learning goal. Preservice teachers also had difficulty translating the depth of their understandings into lesson designs, …

Kicking To Bigger Uprights: Field Goal Kicking Performance Influences Perceived Size., Jessica Witt, Travis E. Dorsch

Department of Psychological Sciences Faculty Publications

Perception relates not only to the optical information from the environment but also to the perceiver’s performance on a given task. We present evidence that the perceived height and width of an American-football field goal post relates to the perceiver’s kicking performance. Participants who made more successful kicks perceived the field goal posts to be farther apart and perceived the crossbar to be closer to the ground compared with participants who made fewer kicks. Interestingly, the current results show perceptual effects related to performance only after kicking the football but not before kicking. We also found that the types of …

Comparison Of The Enantiomers Of (±)-Doxanthrine, A High Efficacy Full Dopamine D1 Receptor Agonist, And A Reversal Of Enantioselectivity At D1 Versus Alpha2c Adrenergic Receptors, Julie A. Przybyla, Juan P. Cueva, Benjamin R. Chemel, K. Joseph Hsu, David J. Riese Ii, John D. Mccorvy, Julia Chester, David E. Nichols, Val J. Watts

Department of Psychological Sciences Faculty Publications

Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative condition involving the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Dopamine D1 receptor agonists are potential alternative treatments to current therapies that employ L-DOPA, a dopamine precursor. We evaluated the pharmacological profiles of the enantiomers of a novel dopamine D1 receptor full agonist, doxanthrine (DOX) at D1 and α2C adrenergic receptors. (+)-DOX displayed greater potency and intrinsic activity than (-)-DOX in porcine striatal tissue and in a heterologous D1 receptor expression system. Studies in MCF7 cells, which express an endogenous human dopamine D1-like receptor, revealed that (-)-DOX was a weak partial agonist/antagonist that reduced …

Numerical Investigation Of Power Transmission Efficiency In A Rf Plasma, Akshay Ashok, William Stein, Alina A. Alexeenko

School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Faculty Publications

Capacitively coupled radio frequency discharges are used in a variety of applications in which the power transmission efficiency of the discharge is an important performance parameter. While previous research addressed the discharge properties and discharge modeling, little analysis has been done on the dependence of the power transmission efficiency on main discharge paremeters such as applied voltage, operating frequency and pressure. To investigate the effects of a dual frequency waveform on the power transmission efficiency, Particle-InCell/Monte-Carlo Collison (PIC/MCC) methods are used to simulate RF co-axial plasma discharge. Plasma characteristics are studied for a range of operating pressures and radii, as …

Unified Theory Of Gas Damping Of Flexible Microcantilevers At Low Ambient Pressures, Rahul A. Bidkar, Ryan C. Tung, Alina A. Alexeenko, Hartono Sumali, Arvind Raman

School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Experimental Study Of Aerodynamic Damping In Arrays Of Vibrating Cantilevers, M. L. Kimber, R. Lonergan, S V. Garimella

CTRC Research Publications

Cantilever structures vibrating in a fluid are encountered in numerous engineering applications. The aerodynamic loading from a fluid can have a large effect on both the resonance frequency and damping, and has been the subject of numerous studies. The aerodynamic loading on a single beam is altered when multiple beams are configured in an array. In such situations, neighboring beams interact through the fluid and their dynamic behavior is modified. In this work, aerodynamic interactions between neighboring cantilever beams operating near their first resonance mode and vibrating at amplitudes comparable to their widths are experimentally explored. The degree to which …

Effects Of Discrete-Electrode Configuration On Traveling-Wave Electrohydrodynamic Pumping, B D. Iverson, L Cremaschi, S V. Garimella

CTRC Research Publications

Traveling-wave electrohydrodynamic (EHD) micropumps can be incorporated into the package of an integrated circuit chip to provide active cooling. They can also be used for fluid delivery in microdevices. The pump operates in the presence of a thermal gradient through the fluid layer such that a gradient in electrical conductivity is established allowing ions to be induced. These ions are driven by a traveling electric field. Such a traveling electric field can be realized in practice only via discrete electrodes upon which the required voltages are imposed. The impact of using discrete electrodes to create the traveling wave on the …

Quantitative Prediction Of Body Surface Potentials From Myocardial Action Potentials Using A Summed Dipole Model, Charles F. Babbs

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

This paper demonstrates quantitatively, using streamlined mathematics, how the transmembrane ionic currents in individual cardiac muscle cells act to produce the body surface potentials of the electrocardiogram (ECG). From fundamental principles of electrostatics, anatomy, and physiology, one can characterize the strength of apparent dipoles along a wavefront of depolarization in a local volume of myocardium. Net transmembrane flow of ionic current in actively depolarizing or repolarizing tissue induces extracellular current flow, which sets up a field of electrical potential that resembles that of a dipole. The local dipole strength depends upon the tissue cross section, the tissue resistivity, the resting …

Experimental And Numerical Study Of Melting Of Particle-Laden Materials In A Cylinder, Dawei Sun, S R. Annapragada, S V. Garimella

CTRC Research Publications

The melting of a particle-laden slurry in a cylinder is investigated. The slurry consists of neutrally buoy- ant ceramic hollow spheres suspended in a paraffin wax. Melt front propagation and heat transfer pro- cesses during phase change in this particle-laden material is studied. The numerical analysis employs a particle-diffusive model and the enthalpy method. Experiments are carried out to validate the numer- ical model. The experimental boundary conditions are adequately represented with a constant and uni- form side-wall temperature, a constant and uniform lower-surface temperature, and an adiabatic top wall. Reasonable agreement is obtained between the experiments and numerical predictions. …

A Comparative Assessment Of One's Own Age From Facial Images Of Others: Two Case Studies For The Americans And The Japanese, Yasuhiro Azuma, Mayuka Nishimoto, Naoyuki Miyamoto, Takashi X. Fujisawa, Noriko Nagata, Akio Kosaka

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

We have proposed a method for estimating the subjective age of a person; that is, a method that yields a person's age on the basis of estimations made by that person about the age of other people by observing their facial images. Thus far, experiments have shown that Japanese people tend to underestimate their subjective age. In this study, we focus on the socio-psychological effects that may influence the underestimation of subjective age. We conducted an international comparative study. In this study, experiments were performed in which American and Japanese participants viewed American facial images; in addition, the American participants …

A Biaxial Stretchable Interconnect With Liquid-Alloy-Covered Joints On Elastomeric Substrate, Kim Hyun-Joong, T. Maleki, Wei Pinghung, B. Ziaie

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

This paper reports a biaxial stretchable interconnect on an elastomeric substrate. To increase the stretchability of interconnects, a 2-D diamond-shaped geometry of gold on a polydimethylsiloxane substrate was adopted in which the potentially breakable points were covered with room temperature liquid alloy. Finite element model simulations were performed to identify the most vulnerable points subjected to stress concentration and optimize the design process. Simulations also indicated an optimum gold thickness and linewidth that result in a minimum stress when the substrate is stretched. Four different geometries were designed, fabricated, and characterized. These included: 1) 2-D diamond-shaped gold lines connected at …

Syndromic Surveillance: Stl For Modeling, Visualizing, And Monitoring Disease Counts, Ryan P. Hafen, David E. Anderson, William S. Cleveland, Ross Maciejewski, David Ebert , Phd, Ahmad Abusalah, Mohamed Yakout, Mourad Ouzzani, Shaun J. Grannis

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Background

Public health surveillance is the monitoring of data to detect and quantify unusual health events. Monitoring pre-diagnostic data, such as emergency department (ED) patient chief complaints, enables rapid detection of disease outbreaks. There are many sources of variation in such data; statistical methods need to accurately model them as a basis for timely and accurate disease outbreak methods.

Methods

Our new methods for modeling daily chief complaint counts are based on a seasonal-trend decomposition procedure based on loess (STL) and were developed using data from the 76 EDs of the Indiana surveillance program from 2004 to 2008. Square root …

Experimental Characterization Of Induction Electrohydrodynamics For Integrated Microchannel Pumping, Brian D. Iverson, S V. Garimella

CTRC Research Publications

Microscale fluid flow using traveling-wave induction electrohydrodynamics is demonstrated. A three-phase traveling-wave device fabricated for the experiments provides a temporally and spatially varying electric field which helps induce ions in a fluid that is subjected to a temperature gradient. These ions are moved as the traveling wave propagates, resulting in a drag force being exerted on the surrounding fluid. Repulsion-type electrohydrodynamic flow is visualized in a microchannel of depth 50 μm, and results are presented in terms of velocity measurements using particle image velocimetry. The effects of voltage, traveling-wave frequency and the addition of externally applied heat are demonstrated and …

Nonlinear Aerodynamic Damping Of Sharp-Edged Beams At Low Keulegan-Carpenter Numbers, Rahul A. Bidkar, Mark Kimber, Arvind Raman, Anil K. Bajaj, S V. Garimella

CTRC Research Publications

Slender sharp-edged flexible beams such as flapping wings of micro air vehicles (MAVs), piezoelectric fans and insect wings typically oscillate at moderate-to-high values of non-dimensional frequency parameter β with amplitudes as large as their widths resulting in Keulegan–Carpenter (KC) numbers of order one. Their oscillations give rise to aerodynamic damping forces which vary nonlinearly with the oscillation amplitude and frequency; in contrast, at infinitesimal KC numbers the fluid damping coefficient is independent of the oscillation amplitude. In this article, we present experimental results to demonstrate the phenomenon of nonlinear aerodynamic damping in slender sharp-edged beams oscillating in surrounding fluid with …

Non-Intrusive Temperature Measurements Using Microscale Visualization Techniques, Pramod Chamarthy, S V. Garimella

CTRC Research Publications

lPIV is a widely accepted tool for making measured. This method allows simultaneous non-intrusive temperature and velocity measurements in integrated accurate measurements in microscale flows. The particles cooling systems and lab-on-a-chip devices. that are used to seed the flow, due to their small size, undergo Brownian motion which adds a random noise component to the measurements. Brownian motion intro- duces an undesirable error in the velocity measurements, but also contains valuable temperature information. A PIV algorithm which detects both the location and broadening of the correlation peak can measure velocity as well as temperature simultaneously using the same set of …

Neonatal Cpr: Room At The Top—A Mathematical Study Of Optimal Chest Compression Frequency Versus Body Size, Charles F. Babbs, Andrew Meyer, Vinay Nadkarni

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Objective: To explore in detail the expected magnitude of systemic perfusion pressure during standard CPR as a function of compression frequency for different sized people from neonate to adult. Method: A 7-compartment mathematical model of the human cardiopulmonary system—upgraded to include inertance of blood columns in the aorta and vena cavae—was exercised with parameters scaled to reflect changes in body weight from 1 to 70 kg. Results: Maximal systemic perfusion pressure occurs at chest compression rates near 60, 120, 180, and 250 per minute for subjects weighing 70, 10, 3, and 1 kg, respectively. Such maxima are predicted by analytical …