Digital Commons Network^™

A Comparative Study On Pleurotus Ostreatus (Jacq.) P.Kumm. Cultivated On Different Agricultural Lignocellulosic Wastes, Abdurrahman Dündar, Abdunnasir Yildiz

Turkish Journal of Biology

For the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P.Kumm. wheat stalk (WS), cotton stalk (CS), millet stalk (MS), and soybean stalk (SS) were used as the main material and oven-dried lentil straw (LS) was used as an additive material 100:10, 100:15, 100:20 w:w in weight for 100 g of main material (70% moisture). The shortest mycelium growing time (MGT) was 10.2 days, on the SS, while the longest was 18.8 days, on the CS. The shortest first harvest time (FHT) was 30 days, on SS + LS (90:10; w:w), and the longest was 46.4 days, on CS + LS (100:20; w:w). …

Cytogenetic Effects Of Fungicide Applications On Meiosis Of Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill.), İlkay Öztürk Çali

Turkish Journal of Biology

In the present study, the cytogenetic effects of the fungicide Agri Fos 400 (400 g/l mono- and di-potassium phosphonate) on meiosis of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. (Family: Solanaceae) were studied. The fungicide was applied to tomatoes grown in greenhouse conditions at the dosage (400 ml/100 l water) recommended by the manufacturing company and double the recommended dosage (800 ml/100 l water). All dosages of the fungicide Agri Fos 400 caused various abnormalities in meiosis when compared with the control. This situation could lead to a decrease in the productivity of fruits.

Inhibitory Effects Of Ajowan (Trachyspermum Ammi) Ethanolic Extract On A. Ochraceus Growth And Ochratoxin Production, Pushpa S. Murthy, B. B. Borse, Hafeeza Khanum, P. Srinivas

Turkish Journal of Biology

Ajowan is an aromatic seed spice that has a medicinal value. In this paper Ajowan Ethanolic Extract (AEE), which was prepared from Ajowan seeds, was assessed for antibacterial and antifungal activity against selected pathogenic bacteria and fungi by agar well diffusion assay. AEE exhibited considerable inhibitory effects against all the organisms tested. Emphasis of the study was on the affect of AEE on the mycelial growth and spore germination of toxigenic fungi A. ochraceus. Cultures were incubated on yeast extract-sucrose (YES) broth, at concentrations of 50, 150, 250 ppm at 25°C. At 250 ppm, AEE completely inhibited germination of spores, …

In Vitro Antimicrobial And Antioxidant Activities Of Methanol And Hexane Extract Of Astragalus Species Growing In The Eastern Anatolia Region Of Turkey, Ahmet Adigüzel, Münevver Sökmen, Hakan Özkan, Güleray Ağar, Medi̇ne Güllüce, Fi̇kretti̇n Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Biology

This study was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the hexane and methanol extracts of the aboveground parts and roots of some Astragalus species grown in the vicinity of Erzurum, located in the eastern Anatolia, Turkey. The methanol extract, which was obtained from the aboveground parts of Astragalus species, exhibited mild free radical scavenging activity providing 50% inhibition at the concentrations between 68.8 and 400.4 \mug/ml. The hexane/dichloromethane extracts of the aboveground parts of Astragalus species did not show any free radical scavenging activity. However, the linoleic acid oxidation inhibition ability of the non-polar extracts seems to …

Antibacterial Activities Of Extracts From Some Turkish Endemic Plants On Common Fish Pathogens, Hakan Türker, Arzu Bi̇ri̇nci̇ Yildirim, Fatma Pehli̇van Karakaş, Hi̇lal Köylüoğlu

Turkish Journal of Biology

Antibacterial activities of 24 alcoholic and aqueous extracts from 8 endemic Turkish plants (Crocus abantensis, Crocus ancyrensis, Galanthus plicatus subsp. byzantinus, Paronychia chionaea, Astragalus gymnolobus, Trifolium pannonicum subsp.elongatum, Eryngium bithynicum, and Convolvulus galaticus) of 7 different families were screened. Antibacterial activity was carried out with 5 different fish pathogens (Aeromonas hydrophila, Yersinia ruckeri, Streptococcus agalactia, Lactococcus garvieae, and Enterococcus faecalis). Crude extracts of endemic plant extracts were applied against the bacteria using the disc diffusion method under in vitro conditions. A. hydrophila was the only inhibited bacteria from all alcoholic and aqueous extracts of C. ancyrensis, G. plicatus, T. pannonicum, …

Hormonal Factors Of Anti-Mutagenesis Regulation, Mekhtizadeh Emin Rza

Turkish Journal of Biology

The genetic activity of phytohormones (Phs) was studied. The investigation was conducted with 4 plants (Allium fistulosum, Lycopersicon esculentum, Triticum aestivum, and Gossypium hirsutum). The action of Phs on plant genetic processes was evaluated by chromosome aberration testing. It was observed that the exogenic Phs exerted a stabilizing effect on spontaneous plant mutagenesis. The use of Phs before and after the action of mutagenic factors contributed to an increase in the anti-mutational or reparative function of the plants´ genes. It was observed that the Phs exhibited genoprotective or reparative activity. The absence of clearly expressed dependence of these effects on …

Determination Of Mycorrhizae Interactions And Pathogenicity Of Rhizoctonia Solani Kühn Isolated From Strawberry And Xanthium Strumarium, Ayşenur Bayözen, Ayhan Yildiz

Turkish Journal of Biology

The effects of mycorrhizal fungi on the disease severity of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn., and the role of mycorrhizal fungi on strawberry (Fragaria vesca L.) growth were investigated. Strawberry seedlings were inoculated with BioOrganics as a mycorrhizal preparation against 2 R. solani isolates, which were isolated from strawberry (RsFv) and Xanthium strumarium (RsXs). The highest disease severity in strawberry roots was observed after inoculation with RsFv at a rate of 67%. On the other hand, the lowest disease severity in strawberry roots was at 31% for 15BRsFv (15 days before inoculation with BioOrganics and RsFv). Similarly, the highest disease severity in …

C-Banded Karyotype And Nucleolar Organizer Regions (Nors) Of Wild Boar, Sus Scrofa (Artiodactyla: Suidae) From Anatolia, Ati̇lla Arslan, İrfan Albayrak

Turkish Journal of Biology

The present study reports the karyotype, C-banding, and nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) of 6 Sus scrofa (Linnaeus, 1758) males from Anatolia. The karyotype of S. scrofa comprised (2n) 38 chromosomes, the number of chromosomal arms (FN) was 64, and the number of autosomal arms (FNa) was 60. C-positive regions appeared to be restricted to the centromeric regions of autosomes 1, and 13-18, and the entire long arm of the Y chromosome. Some autosomes had very slight C-bands. The X chromosome appeared to be entirely euchromatic. NORs were identified by the silver-staining technique and were observed on secondary constriction sites of …

An Ethnobotanical Field Survey In The Haymana District Of Ankara Province In Turkey, Fulya Sarper, Gali̇p Akaydin, Işil Şi̇mşek, Erdem Yeşi̇lada

Turkish Journal of Biology

Dietary, therapeutical, and other ethnobotanical utilizations of the wild plants grown in Haymana district of Ankara were investigated. Information was collected by face-to-face interviews with 160 individuals in 9 selected sites. The demographic characteristics of the informants were evaluated and cross-relationships with the recorded data were also analyzed by SPSS statistical software. Results of the study show that 83.8% of the informants recognize the utilization of wild plants either as foodstuff or as remedy, while only 16.2% was unaware of that. Both the knowledge and the utilization of plants significantly increased with the increasing age of the informants. However, there …

The Effects Of Four Organic Soil Conditioners On Aggregate Stability, Pore Size Distribution, And Respiration Activity In A Sandy Loam Soil, Shokrollah Asghari, Mohammad Reza Neyshabouri, Fariborz Abbasi, Nasser Aliasgharzad, Shahin Oustan

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In coarse-textured soils, low water and nutrient holding capacity due to the high number of macropores limits crop growth. To minimize these limitations the application of various soil conditioners (SCs) has been extensively used in recent decades. The objective of this study was to investigate the influences of anionic polyacrylamide (PAM), cattle manure (M), vermicompost (VC), and biological sludge (BS) as organic SCs on mean weight diameter (MWD) of aggregates, water aggregate stability (WAS), pore size distribution (PRSD), and respiration activity (RA) of a sandy loam soil. PAM (0.25 and 0.5 g kg^{-1} of air-dried soil), M (12.5 and 25 …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

No abstract provided.

Interpreting Genotype × Environment Interaction In Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Genotypes Using Nonparametric Measures, Zeki̇ Mut, Nevzat Aydin, Hasan Orhan Bayramoğlu, Hasan Özcan

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The objectives of this study were to compare nonparametric stability measures, and to identify promising high-yield and stable bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes in 7 environments during 2003-2005 in the central Black Sea region of Turkey. The bread wheat genotypes (20 advanced lines and 5 cultivars) were grown in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications in 7 different environments. Three nonparametric statistical tests of significance for genotype × environment (GE) interaction and 10 nonparametric measures of stability were used to identify stable genotypes in 7 environments. Combined ANOVA and nonparametric tests (Kubinger, Hildebrand, and De Kroon/Van der …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Superparasitism On The Development Of The Solitary Parasitoid Chelonus Oculator Panzer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Hi̇lal Tunca, Neşet Kilinçer

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The egg-larval parasitoid Chelonus oculator Panzer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is a solitary endoparasitoid. The effect of superparasitism on the development of C. oculator was investigated on a host, Cadra cautella Walker (Lepidoptera : Pyralidae) at 25 °C, 60%-70% R.H., and 16:8 h (L:D) photoperiod. The development time of C. oculator from egg to adult was related to parasitism level from 42.5 ± 0.19 days under single parasitism to 48.4 ± 0.57 days under triple parasitism. The emergence rate of the parasitoid decreased as the parasitism level increased. In addition, the dry mass of adult parasitoid was significantly affected by the superparasitism. …

Variability In Wheat Yield Under Yellow Rust Pressure In Pakistan, Sajid Ali, Syed Jawad Ahmed Shah, Hidayat-Ur Rahman, Muhammad Shahab Saqib, Muhammad Ibrahim, Muhammad Sajjad

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Wheat yield of 37 wheat varieties along with a susceptible check, Morocco, was studied under yellow rust pressure across 3 locations of North West Frontier Province (NWFP), Pakistan during 2007. Considerable high disease pressure, as revealed by yellow rust severity, was observed at all locations with the maximum (100%) at Cereal Crop Research Institute (CCRI), Nowshera. Disease severity ranged from 0% to 70% for the tested varieties while reached 100% for Morocco with S type of host response. We report the presence of sufficient variability across locations for both yield potential and yellow rust severity. Locations with maximum disease pressure …

The Biology And Fecundity Of The Citrus Red Mite Panonychus Citri (Mcgregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) At Different Temperatures Under Laboratory Conditions, İsmai̇l Kasap

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The developmental time and fecundity of Panonychus citri (McGregor 1916) (Acari: Tetranychidae) on Washington navel sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.) leaves were determined at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ± 1 °C, 65 ± 10% RH, and a 16:8-h (L:D) photoperiod under laboratory conditions. Total development time of P. citri females was 37.2, 16.6, 12.2, 9.8, and 9.0 days at 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 ± 1 °C, respectively. Total and daily egg production levels of P. citri were highest at 25 °C (25.6 and 2.1 eggs), followed by 20 °C (22.1 and 1.8 eggs) and 30 …

Just What The Doctor Ordered: The Need For Cross-Cultural Education In Law School, Andrew King-Ries

Faculty Law Review Articles

This article urges law schools to follow their medical counterparts by incorporating cross-cultural education into their curricula.

Part II discusses the Grutter v. Bollinger decision and the Supreme Court's recognition of the benefits of diversity to legal education.

Part III highlights the changing demographics of the United States and how those demographics require immediate response from the legal academy.

Part IV considers the experience of medical education. This section begins by exploring a study of the medical profession conducted by the Institute of Medicine. The section then addresses medical schools' response to the Institute of Medicine report and the subsequent …

Commons, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The commons is a theoretical formalism that is useful in understanding many diverse problems of civil society. A common (or commons) is an economic, political, social, and legal institution that enables joint, shared, mutual or collective natural or social action by agents using a “pool” of shared or jointly held or mutually controlled resources. A substantial body of work exists detailing natural common resource pools acted upon by physical or biological agents. Another large body of work on humanly-directed natural resource pools study the human-natural environment interface, interspecies conflict and population density. Studies of social commons have also looked at …

Corporate Corruption And The Complicity Of Congress And The Supreme Court - The Tortuous Path From "Central Bank" To "Stoneridge Investment Partners, Llc V. Scientific-Atlanta, Inc., Charles W. Murdock

Faculty Publications & Other Works

No abstract provided.

Application Of The Actor-Critic Architecture To Functional Electrical Stimulation Control Of A Human Arm, Philip Thomas, Michael Branicky, Antonie Van Den Bogert, Kathleen Jagodnik

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

Clinical tests have shown that the dynamics of a human arm, controlled using Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES), can vary significantly between and during trials. In this paper, we study the application of the actor-critic architecture, with neural networks for the both the actor and the critic, as a controller that can adapt to these changing dynamics of a human arm. Development and tests were done in simulation using a planar arm model and Hill-based muscle dynamics. We begin by training it using a Proportional Derivative (PD) controller as a supervisor. We then make clinically relevant changes to the dynamics of …

Statins Induce Apoptosis In Ovarian Cancer Cells Through Activation Of Jnk And Enhancement Of Bim Expression, Hongli Liu, Shu Ling Liang, Sheetal Kumar, Crystal M. Weyman, Wendy Liu, Aimin Zhou

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Purpose:Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death among all gynecological malignancies in Western countries. Although therapy for ovarian cancer has been greatly improved in the past 20 years, the overall survival for patients with advanced ovarian cancer has not changed significantly. The poor survival rates in patients with advanced ovarian cancer are due both to late diagnosis and to lack of effective drugs for the majority of patients who have a relapse and develop resistance to current chemotherapy agents used for ovarian cancer. Thus, developing and discovering effective novel drugs with different molecular structures from conventional chemotherapy agents have …

Concurrent Simulation Of Neuromuscular Control And Tissue Deformation Is Possible By Adaptive Surrogate Modeling, Jason P. Halloran, Ahmet Erdemir, Antonie J. Van Den Bogert

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Principled Governance: The American Creed And Congressional Authority., Alexander Tsesis

Faculty Publications & Other Works

No abstract provided.

Pals For Pals: The U.S. And Pakistan, Anna Mcdermott

Global Tides

Of all the nuclear arsenals in the world, Pakistan’s faces the most risk. With over forty terrorist organizations active within the country, frequent power fluxes between the military, government and intelligence agencies, and a history of security breaches plaguing its nuclear program, Pakistan makes North Korea seem secure and stable. With all the challenges that face the safety of Pakistan’s nuclear arsenal, it still lacks one basic security technology, Permissive Action Links (PALs), which are use control devices that make it virtually impossible for any unauthorized person to detonate a nuclear weapon. Over the years, there have been barriers that …

Human Preferences For Facial Symmetry In Dogs (Canis Familiaris), Deborah A. Mcarthur

Psychology Theses - Archive

Previous studies on facial symmetry have documented a positive correlation between symmetry and perceived attractiveness in both human and non-human subjects. Evolutionary psychologists believe this may be evidence of a biological bias for symmetry based on the assumption that higher degrees of symmetry indicate genetic quality and a successful period of development, which is important for mate selection. The purpose of this study was to determine if this preference for symmetry would emerge if subjects were asked to assess facial attractiveness of hetero-specifics, specifically dogs, Canis familiaris. Three levels of symmetry of a frontal photograph of a dog's face were …

Digital Reconstruction Of A Ceratopsid Pes, Ken Conrad Noriega

Theses Digitization Project

A complete and fully articulated right pes of a centrosaurine ceratopsid from the Dinossaur Park Formation of Alberta, Canada provides important information regarding the structure and function of the pelvic limb in this group. A reconstructed centrosaurine foot with all data coming directly from actual specimens could be accurately modeled in three-dimensional morphospace and provide the basis of a digital atlas of the elements.

Dignity And Speech: The Regulation Of Hate Speech In A Democracy, Alexander Tsesis

Faculty Publications & Other Works

No abstract provided.

The Law And Economics Virus., Spencer Weber Waller

Faculty Publications & Other Works

No abstract provided.

Microarray And Cdna Sequence Analysis Of Transcription During Nerve-Dependent Limb Regeneration, J. R. Monaghan, L. G. Epp, S. Putta, Robert B. Page, J. A. Walker, C. K. Beachy, W. Zhu, G. M. Pao, I. M. Verma, T. Hunter, S. V. Bryant, D. M. Gardiner, T. T. Harkins, S. R. Voss

Biology Faculty Publications (Archived)

Background: Microarray analysis and 454 cDNA sequencing were used to investigate a centuries-old problem in regenerative biology: The basis of nerve-dependent limb regeneration in salamanders. Innervated (NR) and denervated (DL) forelimbs of Mexican axolotls were amputated and transcripts were sampled after 0, 5, and 14 days of regeneration. Results: Considerable similarity was observed between NR and DL transcriptional programs at 5 and 14 days post amputation (dpa). Genes with extracellular functions that are critical to wound healing were upregulated while muscle-specific genes were downregulated. Thus, many processes that are regulated during early limb regeneration do not depend upon nerve-derived factors. …

The Secular Israeli Woman, Elinor W. Gadon

Journal of Pedagogy, Pluralism, and Practice

No abstract provided.