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2009

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Women, Security, And The Patriarchy Of Internationalized Transitional Justice, Fionnuala Ní Aoláin Jan 2009

Women, Security, And The Patriarchy Of Internationalized Transitional Justice, Fionnuala Ní Aoláin

Articles

In the contemporary global context, transition from conflict to peace and from authoritarian to democratic governance is a critical preoccupation of many states, particularly the United States. In these contexts, accountability for the abuses committed by prior regimes has been a priority for international institutions, states and new governments. Equally, transitional justice goals have expanded to include fashioning new domestic political and legal institutions and a broad range of structural reform in multiple spheres. Whether an expanded or contracted transitional justice paradigm is used to define the perimeters of change, gender concerns have been markedly absent across political contexts and …

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The Modern Law Of Corporate Groups: An Empirical Study Of Piercing The Corporate Veil In The Parent-Subsidiary Context, John H. Matheson Jan 2009

The Modern Law Of Corporate Groups: An Empirical Study Of Piercing The Corporate Veil In The Parent-Subsidiary Context, John H. Matheson

Articles

Today, massive corporations – both national and international – dominate financial and commercial activities, exercising enormous economic power. The standard organizational structure for these businesses has a parent corporation as the sole shareholder of multiple, separately incorporated operating subsidiaries (or layers of subsidiaries) in a corporate group. One particular application of the law of corporate groups entails dealing with the ramifications of subsidiary insolvency. Given the massive financial assets of many multinational parent corporations, actions to ignore the legal separateness of a corporate subsidiary of a parent company offer some of the biggest potential payoffs for claimants. In today's global …

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A Traditionalist Case For Gay Marriage, Dale Carpenter Jan 2009

A Traditionalist Case For Gay Marriage, Dale Carpenter

Articles

I will present here the outline of an argument for same-sex marriage within a particular school of conservatism. Let's call it traditionalism or Burkeanism, after the eighteenth century British statesman and writer Edmund Burke. It is important, I think, to note at the outset what I am not talking about. I am not talking about libertarianism. It is not economic conservatism. It is not neo-conservatism. It is not religious conservatism. And it is not compassionate conservatism.

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Ross And Olivecrona On Rights, Brian H. Bix Jan 2009

Ross And Olivecrona On Rights, Brian H. Bix

Articles

Scandinavian legal realism was a movement of the early and middle decades of the 20th century, which paralleled the American legal realist movement, while presenting a more skeptical challenge to legal reasoning and discourse. The present paper was written for a forthcoming Oxford University Press collection on the Scandinavian realists. The approach to jurisprudence of Scandinavian realists Alf Ross and Karl Olivecrona was simultaneously simple and radical: they wanted to rid our thinking about law of all the mystifying references to abstract concepts and metaphysical entities. This paper offers a critical overview of Ross's and Olivecrona's views on legal rights, …

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Staying Alive: Public Interest Law In Contemporary Latin America, Stephen Meili Jan 2009

Staying Alive: Public Interest Law In Contemporary Latin America, Stephen Meili

Articles

This paper explores the current state of public interest lawyering in three Latin American countries: Argentina, Brazil and Chile. Based on a series of open-ended interviews with lawyers, judges and social movement activists, it compares public interest lawyering in these countries now with how it was practiced when the author interviewed some of the same individuals in the early to mid 1990s. Its analysis is set within the context of important geopolitical and socio-legal phenomena: the current global economic crisis and the judicialization of politics and constitutionalization of rights that has swept across the region over the past two decades. …

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Teaching The Rule Of Law, Robert Stein Jan 2009

Teaching The Rule Of Law, Robert Stein

Articles

We have heard throughout the day of the enormous amount of rule of law work going on all over the world. This primarily began in the early nineties after the fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of the Soviet Union.

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Effect Of Dlk1 And Rtl1 But Not Meg3 Or Meg8 On Muscle Gene Expression In Callipyge Lambs, Jolena N. Fleming-Waddell, Gayla R. Olbricht, Tasia M. Taxis, Jason D. White, Tony Vuocolo, Bruce A. Craig, Ross L. Tellam, Mike K. Neary, Noelle E. Cockett, Christopher A. Bidwell Jan 2009

Effect Of Dlk1 And Rtl1 But Not Meg3 Or Meg8 On Muscle Gene Expression In Callipyge Lambs, Jolena N. Fleming-Waddell, Gayla R. Olbricht, Tasia M. Taxis, Jason D. White, Tony Vuocolo, Bruce A. Craig, Ross L. Tellam, Mike K. Neary, Noelle E. Cockett, Christopher A. Bidwell

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Callipyge sheep exhibit extreme postnatal muscle hypertrophy in the loin and hindquarters as a result of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the imprinted DLK1-DIO3 domain on ovine chromosome 18. The callipyge SNP up-regulates the expression of surrounding transcripts when inherited in cis without altering their allele-specific imprinting status. The callipyge phenotype exhibits polar overdominant inheritance since only paternal heterozygous animals have muscle hypertrophy. Two studies were conducted profiling gene expression in lamb muscles to determine the down-stream effects of over-expression of paternal allele-specific DLK1 and RTL1 as well as maternal allele-specific MEG3, RTL1AS and MEG8, using Affymetrix bovine expression …

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What Explains Persistent Racial Disproportionality In Minnesota's Prison And Jail Populations?, Richard Frase Jan 2009

What Explains Persistent Racial Disproportionality In Minnesota's Prison And Jail Populations?, Richard Frase

Articles

No abstract provided.

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The Mostly Unintended Effects Of Mandatory Penalties: Two Centuries Of Consistent Findings, Michael Tonry Jan 2009

The Mostly Unintended Effects Of Mandatory Penalties: Two Centuries Of Consistent Findings, Michael Tonry

Articles

No abstract provided.

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The Untold Story Of America's First Sentencing Commission, Michael Tonry Jan 2009

The Untold Story Of America's First Sentencing Commission, Michael Tonry

Articles

No abstract provided.

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Norval Morris's Contributions To Sentencing Structures, Theory, And Practice, Richard Frase Jan 2009

Norval Morris's Contributions To Sentencing Structures, Theory, And Practice, Richard Frase

Articles

No abstract provided.

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So Much More Than A "Harmless Drudge": Samuel Johnson And His Dictionary, Joan Howland Jan 2009

So Much More Than A "Harmless Drudge": Samuel Johnson And His Dictionary, Joan Howland

Articles

No abstract provided.

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Shear-Driven Liquid Film In A Duct, Magesh Thiruvengadam, B. F. Armaly, J. A. Drallmeier Jan 2009

Shear-Driven Liquid Film In A Duct, Magesh Thiruvengadam, B. F. Armaly, J. A. Drallmeier

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Two-dimensional flow simulations of shear-driven thin liquid film by turbulent air flow in a duct is performed using the Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes and continuity equations along with the Volume of Fluid (VOF) model that is part of the FLUENT-CFD code. the purpose of this study is to determine the suitability of using this code/model for predicting reported measurements of shear driven liquid film in a duct. Both a laminar and a turbulent flow model were examined for the liquid film flow region to assess their impact on film thickness and velocity. the Low Reynolds number k-ε turbulence model is …

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System And Method For Quantitative Imaging Of Chemical Composition To Decompose More Than Two Materials, Xin Liu, L. Yu, C. H. Mccollough Jan 2009

System And Method For Quantitative Imaging Of Chemical Composition To Decompose More Than Two Materials, Xin Liu, L. Yu, C. H. Mccollough

Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

A system and method for decomposing more than two materials in an imaging object includes performing a CT imaging acquisition of a portion of an imaging object using at least two energy levels to acquire imaging data associated with each of the at least two energy levels. A total mass attenuation of the imaging data is expressed as a weighted sum of constituent element mass attenuation coefficients and an effective atomic number and density of the constituent elements in the portion of the imaging object is determined by one of a number of methods. Accordingly, concentration of the constituent elements …

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Extensions Of Effective-Medium Theory Of Transport In Disordered Systems, V. M. Kenkre, Z. Kalay, Paul Ernest Parris Jan 2009

Extensions Of Effective-Medium Theory Of Transport In Disordered Systems, V. M. Kenkre, Z. Kalay, Paul Ernest Parris

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The effective-medium theory of transport in disordered systems, whose basis is the replacement of spatial disorder by temporal memory, is extended in several practical directions. Restricting attention to a one-dimensional system with bond disorder for specificity, a transformation procedure is developed to deduce explicit expressions for the memory functions from given distribution functions characterizing the system disorder. It is shown how to use the memory functions in the Laplace domain forms in which they first appear, and in the time domain forms which are obtained via numerical inversion algorithms, to address time evolution of the system beyond the asymptotic domain …

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System And Method For Quantitative Imaging Of Chemical Composition To Decompose Multiple Materials, Xin Liu, L. Yu, C. H. Mccollough Jan 2009

System And Method For Quantitative Imaging Of Chemical Composition To Decompose Multiple Materials, Xin Liu, L. Yu, C. H. Mccollough

Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

The present invention provides a material decomposition method capable of determining the distribution of density and constituent material concentration throughout an imaged object. The concentration, in the form of a mass fraction, mass percent, weight fraction, or weight percent, is determined from CT images acquired at different energy levels. The ratio of attenuation coefficients associated with one energy level to attenuation coefficients associated with another energy level is determined and used as an index in a lookup table to determine the concentration of a given material throughout the imaged object.

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Applications Of Swarm, Evolutionary And Quantum Algorithms In System Identification And Digital Filter Design, Bipul Luitel Jan 2009

Applications Of Swarm, Evolutionary And Quantum Algorithms In System Identification And Digital Filter Design, Bipul Luitel

Masters Theses

"The thesis focuses on the application of computational intelligence (CI) techniques for two problems - system identification and digital filter design. In system identification, different case studies have been carried out with equal or reduced number of orders as the original system and also in identifying a blackbox model. Lowpass, Highpass, Bandpass and Bandstop FIR and Lowpass IIR filters have been designed using three algorithms using two different fitness functions. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Differential Evolution based PSO (DEPSO) and PSO with Quantum Infusion (PSO-QI) algorithms have been applied in this work"--Abstract, page iii.

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Hydrogen Applications For Lambert - St. Louis International Airport, Mathew Thomas Jan 2009

Hydrogen Applications For Lambert - St. Louis International Airport, Mathew Thomas

Masters Theses

"Today, major airports are facing challenges related to pollution, energy efficiency, and safety and security. Hydrogen and fuel cell technologies, regarded as one of the key energy solutions of the 21st century are more energy efficient and reliable than conventional systems and have the potential to diminish these challenges. These technologies can also play a significant role in reducing the noise, air, and water pollution and enhancing energy security. This paper presents the design of a set of hydrogen technologies and systems that are commercially available and are ready for practical, real-world use. The hydrogen applications selected for Lambert-St. Louis …

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Functional Testing Of Faults In Asynchronous Crossbar Architecture, Sriram Venkateswaran Jan 2009

Functional Testing Of Faults In Asynchronous Crossbar Architecture, Sriram Venkateswaran

Masters Theses

"The challenge of extending Moore's Law past the physical limits of the present semiconductor technology calls for novel innovations. Several novel nanotechnologies are being proposed as an alternative to their CMOS counterparts, with nanowire crossbar being one of the most promising paradigms. Quite recently, a new promising clock-free architecture, called the Asynchronous Crossbar Architecture has been proposed to enhance the manufacturability and to improve the robustness of digital circuits by removing various timing related failure modes. Even though the proposed clock-free architecture offers several merits, it is not free from the high defect rates induced due to nondeterministic nanoscale assembly. …

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Information Flow Properties For Cyber-Physical Systems, Rav Akella Jan 2009

Information Flow Properties For Cyber-Physical Systems, Rav Akella

Masters Theses

"In cyber-physical systems, which are the integrations of computational and physical processes, security properties are difficult to enforce. Fundamentally, physically observable behavior leads to violations of confidentiality. This work analyzes certain noninterference based security properties to ensure that interactions between the cyber and physical processes preserve confidentiality. A considerable barrier to this analysis is the representation of physical system interactions at the cyber-level. This thesis presents encoding of these physical system properties into a discrete event system and represents the cyber-physical system using Security Process Algebra (SPA). The model checker, Checker of Persistent Security (CoPS) shows Bisimulation based NonDeducibility on …

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Development Of A One Dimensional Subsurface Contaminant Transport Model With Stochastic Applications, Benjamin Waldon Johnson Jan 2009

Development Of A One Dimensional Subsurface Contaminant Transport Model With Stochastic Applications, Benjamin Waldon Johnson

Masters Theses

"Contaminant source release history is a necessary element of contaminant mass transport simulation in the saturated zone. The source release history is unknown at many sites, and many inverse models have been developed to define finite release histories. To define a likely domain of three source history parameters, a mass balancebased one dimensional approach is developed and tested by discretizing the spatial domain into bands. By incorporating the approach in a spreadsheet model, observed data is represented by both variable length and constant length bands of analysis. Each representation of observed data was tested to determine the most appropriate band …

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Exploring The Use Of A Commercial Game Engine For The Development Of Educational Software, Hussain Alafaireet Jan 2009

Exploring The Use Of A Commercial Game Engine For The Development Of Educational Software, Hussain Alafaireet

Masters Theses

"Three-dimensional visualization and simulation environments are becoming increasingly important in both industrial and educational environments. However, developing these simulations can be a difficult and expensive task. Herein we explore the use of a commercial game engine to develop a 3-D, interactive computer game designed to teach players about the anatomy of a frog. The goal of this project is threefold: 1) to develop high-fidelity virtual reality educational software with a limited budget and limited personnel, 2) to define a software development process by which similar simulations can be developed, and 3) to explore the benefits that these simulations provide to …

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Localization Of Nodes In Wired And Wireless Networks, Hindu Kothapalli Jan 2009

Localization Of Nodes In Wired And Wireless Networks, Hindu Kothapalli

Masters Theses

"This thesis focuses on the implementation of algorithms for localization of nodes in wired and wireless networks. The thesis is organized into two papers. The first paper presents the localization algorithms based on time of arrival (TOA) and time difference of arrival (TDOA) techniques for computer networks such as the Internet by using round-trip-time (RTT) measurements obtained from known positions of the gateway nodes. The RTT values provide an approximate measure of distance between the gateway nodes and an unknown node. The least squares technique is then used to obtain an estimated position of the unknown node. The second paper …

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Preventing Chemical Product Failure, Kenneth Ombete Jan 2009

Preventing Chemical Product Failure, Kenneth Ombete

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate a research methodology to prevent chemical product failures. This methodology extends the risk in early design (RED) method for prevention of failure in electromechanical products to include products with chemical subsystems. Inclusion of this domain is demanded by the ever-growing semiconductor and energy industries. The RED method was extended by first identifying principal chemical failure modes and adding them to the failure mode taxonomy. The RED database was then augmented with historical failures of products that included chemical subsystems. Finally, the extension was validated with a case study of a fuel cell"--Abstract, …

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Reliability-Based Design With System Reliability And Design Improvement, Gagandeep Singh Saini Jan 2009

Reliability-Based Design With System Reliability And Design Improvement, Gagandeep Singh Saini

Masters Theses

"This thesis focuses on developing a methodology for accurately estimating series system probability of failure. Existing methods for series system based design optimization are not that accurate because they assign reliability to each failure mode; as a result complete system reliability goes down. According to method proposed in this work, the user will assign required system reliability at the start and then optimizer will apportion reliability to every failure mode in order to meet required system reliability level. Detlevson second order upper bounds are used to estimate system probability of failure. Several examples have been shown to verify the results …

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Fault Detection And Prediction With Application To Rotating Machinery, Gary R. Halligan Jan 2009

Fault Detection And Prediction With Application To Rotating Machinery, Gary R. Halligan

Masters Theses

"In this thesis, the detection and prediction of faults in rotating machinery is undertaken and presented in two papers. In the first paper, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), a well known data-driven dimension reduction technique, is applied to data for normal operation and four fault conditions from a one-half horsepower centrifugal water pump. Fault isolation in this scheme is done by observing the location of the data points in the Principal Component domain, and the time to failure (TTF) is calculated by applying statistical regression on the resulting PC scores. The application of the proposed scheme demonstrated that PCA was able …

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Feasibility Of A Human Performance Model In Consequence Management, Kashmeera Ghosh Jan 2009

Feasibility Of A Human Performance Model In Consequence Management, Kashmeera Ghosh

Masters Theses

"Human civilization has always encountered unpredictable disasters as a result of natural events. Now it also faces the disasters caused by terrorist attacks. Governments must have consequence management plans in place to protect public health and safety, restore essential services, and provide emergency relief to affected businesses and individuals. Human performance models predict outcomes in complex dynamic situations. Such models can simulate disaster management procedures under varying circumstances. This work applies human performance modeling in a terrorist situation and evaluates possible uses of such models by first responders in practical consequence management applications. It includes a case study of an …

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Friction Stir Processing Of Magnesium Alloys, Gaurav Bhargava Jan 2009

Friction Stir Processing Of Magnesium Alloys, Gaurav Bhargava

Masters Theses

"Magnesium alloys have been fast catching up their attention in applications where both lightweight and exceptional strength is desired. But magnesium alloys suffer formability issues which limit their use to cast applications when designing complicated shapes. Friction stir processing (FSP) is technique for, imparting a fine-grained, homogeneous microstructure by which both strength and ductility can be enhanced. The results from the first part of present work showed that AZ31 alloy when employed the use of FSP, yielded significant strength and ductility gains but on the cost of anisotropy. The cause of anisotropy was investigated to be correlated to texture evolution …

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Synthesis Of Surface Composites Using Friction Stir Processing, Bharat Gattu Jan 2009

Synthesis Of Surface Composites Using Friction Stir Processing, Bharat Gattu

Masters Theses

"Composite materials have an edge over monolithic materials due to higher strength/stiffness - to - density ratios, improved fatigue and wear resistance and better high temperature properties. Surface composites provide improved tribological properties such as wear resistance, friction coefficient and corrosion resistance. Friction stir processing (FSP) which originated from friction stir welding (FSW - a method for joining aluminum alloys) is a solid state technique to modify the microstructure of the alloys. During FSP the frictional heat generated at the tool - work piece interface plasticizes the material allowing it to flow around the pin. The combined effect of the …

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Development And Use Of Computer Aided Tools To Enhance Team Dynamics With Role Play Simulations, Vachaspathy Kuntamukkala Jan 2009

Development And Use Of Computer Aided Tools To Enhance Team Dynamics With Role Play Simulations, Vachaspathy Kuntamukkala

Masters Theses

"This thesis proposes a methodology for the development and use of computer based tools to enhance student team dynamics. Working effectively in groups cannot be taught in class room environment. Students often encounter conflicts during team meetings. Although some conflicts are resolved by the efforts of team members, an unbiased facilitator who is not a member of the team is often needed to help. This work proposes a tool that uses role play simulations to engage students in real-life scenarios so that they gain a practical, as well as a theoretical, understanding of how to work effectively as a team. …

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