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The Effects Of Number And Level Of Restructuring In Insight Problem Solving, James N. Macgregor, John B. Cunningham

The Journal of Problem Solving

Insight problem solving is characterized by restructuring. We hypothesized that the difficulty of rebus puzzles could be manipulated by systematically varying the restructurings required to solve them. An experiment using rebus puzzles varied the number of restructurings (one or two) required to solve a problem and the level at which the restructuring took place (sub-word level, word level, and supra-word level). Solution rates were higher for one restructuring than two, and higher for restructuring at the supra-word level (relation between words) than at lower levels. To explain the findings, we suggest that rebus puzzles initially engage normal reading processes, which …

Examining The Role Of Manipulatives And Metacognition On Engagement, Learning, And Transfer, Daniel M. Belenky, Timothy J. Nokes

The Journal of Problem Solving

How does the type of learning material impact what is learned? The current research investigates the nature of students’ learning of math concepts when using manipulatives (Uttal, Scudder, & DeLoache, 1997). We examined how the type of manipulative (concrete, abstract, none) and problem-solving prompt (metacognitive or problem-focused) affect student learning, engagement, and knowledge transfer. Students who were given concrete manipulatives with metacognitive prompts showed better transfer of a procedural skill than students given abstract manipulatives or those given concrete manipulatives with problem-focused prompts. Overall, students who reported low levels of engagement showed better learning and transfer when getting metacognitive prompts, …

Modeling Human Performance In Restless Bandits With Particle Filters, Michael S.K. Yi, Mark Steyvers, Michael Lee

The Journal of Problem Solving

Bandit problems provide an interesting and widely-used setting for the study of sequential decision-making. In their most basic form, bandit problems require people to choose repeatedly between a small number of alternatives, each of which has an unknown rate of providing reward. We investigate restless bandit problems, where the distributions of reward rates for the alternatives change over time. This dynamic environment encourages the decision-maker to cycle between states of exploration and exploitation. In one environment we consider, the changes occur at discrete, but hidden, time points. In a second environment, changes occur gradually across time. Decision data were collected …

Causal Induction From Continuous Event Streams: Evidence For Delay-Induced Attribution Shifts, Marc J. Buehner, Jon May

The Journal of Problem Solving

Contemporary theories of Human Causal Induction assume that causal knowledge is inferred from observable contingencies. While this assumption is well supported by empirical results, it fails to consider an important problem-solving aspect of causal induction in real time: In the absence of well structured learning trials, it is not clear whether the effect of interest occurred because of the cause under investigation, or on its own accord. Attributing the effect to either the cause of interest or alternative background causes is an important precursor to induction. We present a new paradigm based on the presentation of continuous event streams, and …

Obstacles In Investigating The Role Of Restructuring In Insightful Problem Solving, Ivan K. Ash, Patrick J. Cushen, Jennifer Wiley

The Journal of Problem Solving

In the present article, we articulate three assumptions underlying theories proposing that restructuring processes play a key role in insightful problem solving: representational difficulty, representational change, and discontinuity in solution processes. We argue that these assumptions need empirical validation to justify the proposition of restructuring mechanisms that are unique from those involved in classic information-processing theories of problem solving. To this end, we review some theoretical and methodological obstacles that are inherent in the investigation of the existence and nature of restructuring processes. We then offer some recommendations on how to overcome or avoid these obstacles in future studies. Finally, …

New Perspectives On Human Problem Solving, Robert L. Goldstone, Zygmunt Pizlo

The Journal of Problem Solving

No abstract provided.

Contents

The Journal of Problem Solving

No abstract provided.

Employment Law—Here's Looking At You: High Tech "Peeping" In The Workplace And The Role Of Title Vii, Shannon D. Leger

Western New England Law Review

No abstract provided.

Will New Appointees To The Supreme Court Be Able To Effect An Overruling Of Roe V. Wade?, Richard H. W. Maloy

Western New England Law Review

No abstract provided.

Parents' Impressions Of Their Child's Minor Surgical Procedure With Nitrous Oxide, Tina Shapiro-Stoler

Open Access Dissertations

Invasive procedures are often painful and distressing for children and disturbing for their parents. The purpose of this study was to develop a substantive theory of parental perceptions of their school-aged child's responses to an outpatient minor surgical procedure with nitrous oxide. The sample included 22 parents of 21 children who underwent a nitrous procedure. Participants were recruited from the pediatric surgery department at a children's hospital. Semi-structured, audio-recorded interviews were conducted with each participant. Grounded theory method was used to simultaneously collect and analyze the data using the constant comparative method. The findings of the study revealed parental impressions …

Comparison Of Targeted Lower Extremity Strengthening And Usual Care Progressive Ambulation In Subjects Post-Liver Transplant: A Randomized Controlled Trial, David Walter Mandel

Open Access Dissertations

Individuals with chronic liver disease experience progressive muscle wasting, weakness, fatigue, and decreased quality of life. Liver transplantation is the only treatment for end-stage liver disease with cirrhosis; however, muscle wasting, strength impairments, activity limitations, and health related quality of life do not return to the level of healthy adults. Currently there is no plan of care for rehabilitation of individuals post-liver transplantation. These individuals are only instructed to gradually increase walking and activity. Walking may increase lower extremity muscle strength; however, walking at a self-selected pace is less effective than resistance exercise. The purpose of this dissertation was to …

Each Generation Carries Greatness Within It, Diether Haenicke

WMU President Diether Haenicke

This column was first published March 14, 2007 and reprinted Dec. 16, 2009 in the Kalamazoo Gazette mlive.com/kalamazoo

Collection Development For The Department Of Psychology,, Charles D. Bernholz

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries: Collection Development Policies

The University of Nebraska was founded in Lincoln in 1871, but it took almost two decades until psychology courses were offered. The man who was singularly responsible for bringing psychology to the University was Professor Harry Kirk Wolfe, and thus the history of the Psychology Department begins with him.

Harry K. Wolfe enrolled as an undergraduate in the University in 1876, just five years after the University was chartered. Four years later, he graduated in a class of eight. Three years later, he went to Leipzig Germany to study in the laboratory of the founder of experimental psychology, Professor Wilhelm …

Special Education & Communication Disorders Collection Development Policy Statement, Rebecca Bernthal

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries: Collection Development Policies

The Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders is part of the College of Education and Human Sciences. The department is housed in the Barkley Memorial Center, named in memory of William E and Edna M. Barkley, and is located on the East Campus of the University of Nebraska – Lincoln. The Barkleys established a trust to support making the University of Nebraska-Lincoln a center for the preparation of teachers and other professionals to educate children and adults with speech and hearing disabilities. Money from the trust funded construction of the original building in 1976 and the three additions in …

The Antelope, University Of Nebraska At Kearney

The Antelope

No abstract provided.

College Of Nursing Collection Development Policy, Joan Latta Konecky

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries: Collection Development Policies

The nursing collection supports the basic teaching, research and service activities of the College of Nursing—Lincoln Division. The College of Nursing—Lincoln Division faculty, staff and students heavily use the nursing and related biomedical research collections available from the UNMC McGoogan Library of Medicine. They have UNMC affiliate status and remote access privileges to the UNMC Library collections and subscriptions. They also have been granted UNL affiliate status and remote access privileges to the UNL collections and subscriptions by the UNL Dean of Libraries. Specific research needs are supplemented through interlibrary loan, primarily supplied by the UNMC McGoogan Library of Medicine.

Release From Cross-Orientation Suppression Facilitates 3d Shape Perception, Andrea Li, Qasim Zaidi

Publications and Research

Cross-orientation suppression (COS) in striate cortex has been implicated in the efficient encoding of visual stimuli. We show that release from COS facilitates the decoding of 3-D shape. In planar surfaces overlaid with textures, slanting the surface can increase the visibility of the component parallel to the slant. Since this component provides the orientation flows that signify 3-D shape, the enhancement of visibility facilitates 3-D slant perception. Contrast thresholds reveal that this enhancement results from a decrease in COS when 3-D slant creates a frequency mismatch between texture components. We show that coupling compressive nonlinearities in LGN neurons with expansive …

Division Of Household Labor: Changes Over The Course Of The Marital Relationship, Christopher W. Matteson

Theses and Dissertations

Previous research has established the influence of the division of household labor between spouses on marital satisfaction, as well as the mental health of each spouse. Less is known about how the division of labor changes during the course of marriage. The family development perspective suggests that division of labor will change in response to different stages and circumstances, while the homeostasis perspective suggests that the division of labor will remain stable throughout the life course. This study used data from a 35 year longitudinal study of married women to examine changes of household division of labor over the life …

Learning From Our Conflicts, Gerald R. Williams

Vol. 2: Service & Integrity

This devotional address was given to the BYU student body on June 27, 2006.

Nor'easter News Volume 3 Issue 6, Nor'easter News Staff

Nor'easter News

The nineteenth issue of the University of New England's student-run newspaper, Nor'easter News.

12/15/2009 Obituary Records, Hawaii Obituaries

Obituaries

List of Obituaries for individuals who passed away on 12/15/2009. Scroll down to see the names and obituary description.

Words Of Hate, Words Of Love, Constance K. Lundberg

Vol. 2: Service & Integrity

This devotional address was given to the BYU student body on March 11, 2003.

Does Household Food Insecurity Affect Parental Characteristics And Child Behavior?: Evidence From The Panel Study Of Income Dynamics (Psid), Jin Huang, Karen M. Matta Oshima, Youngmi Kim

Center for Social Development Research

This study examines the link between household food insecurity and child behavior problems mediated through parental characteristics (parenting stress, parental warmth, psychological distress, and parent’s self-esteem) using two waves of data from the Child Development Supplement in the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Analyses of fixedeffects models are conducted on a low-income sample of 416 children from 249 households. This study finds that the effects of food insecurity on child behavior problems are mediated by parenting stress. However, two robustness tests show different results from those of the fixed-effects models. This inconsistency suggests that the complicated relationship between household food …

Actions Of Octocoral And Tobacco Cembranoids On Nicotinic Receptors, P. A. Ferchmin, Oné R. Pagán, Henning Ulrich, Ada C. Szeto, Richard M. Hann, Vesna A. Eterović

Biology Faculty Publications

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) are pentameric proteins that form agonist-gated cation channels through the plasma membrane. AChR agonists and antagonists are potential candidates for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Cembranoids are naturally occurring diterpenoids that contain a 14-carbon ring. These diterpenoids interact with AChRs in complex ways: as irreversible inhibitors at the agonist sites, as noncompetitive inhibitors, or as positive modulators, but no cembranoid was ever shown to have agonistic activity on AChRs. The cembranoid eupalmerin acetate displays positive modulation of agonist-induced currents in the muscle-type AChR and in the related gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptor. Moreover, cembranoids display …

Simulation Model To Investigate Flexible Workload Management For Healthcare And Servicescape Environment, Michael Thorwarth, Paul Harper, Amr Arisha

Conference papers

High demand and poor staffing conditions cause avoidable pressure and stress among healthcare personnel which results in burnout symptoms and unplanned absenteeism which are hidden cost drivers. The work environment within an emergency department is commonly arranged in a flexible workload which is highly dynamic and complex for the outside observer. Using detailed simulation modeling within structured modeling methods, a comprehensive model to characterize the nurses' time utilization in such flexible dynamic workload environment was investigated. The results have been used to derive a generalized analytic expression that describes certain settings that lead to an instable queuing system with serious …

The Portland Spectator, December 2009, Portland State University. Student Publications Board

Portland Spectator

Editor: Joe Wirtheim

Articles in this issue include: One pill makes you smarter; Proudfoot takes a side step; Sustainability keeps on going; More than a student club; Witnessing the purge; and Fueling free speech with FIRE

On The Green Vol. 38 No. 18 December 14, 2009, Gallaudet University

2001-2010

On the Green is an internal publication of Gallaudet College, which later became Gallaudet University. It notified employees of updates around the campus and in the broader community, including new construction and the establishment of new academic programs. Running until 2010, it was supplanted by various forms of online mass communications across multiple audiences.

State V. Branigh Clerk's Record V. 5 Dckt. 36427

Idaho Supreme Court Records & Briefs, All

No abstract provided.

Vol. Ix, Tab 46 - Ex. 37 - Expert Report Of Dr. Kent D. Van Liere, Kent Van Liere

Rosetta Stone v. Google (Joint Appendix)

Exhibits from the un-sealed joint appendix for Rosetta Stone Ltd., v. Google Inc., No. 10-2007, on appeal to the 4th Circuit. Issue presented: Under the Lanham Act, does the use of trademarked terms in keyword advertising result in infringement when there is evidence of actual confusion?

State V. Branigh Clerk's Record V. 1 Dckt. 36427

Idaho Supreme Court Records & Briefs, All

No abstract provided.