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Development And Localization Of Spike-Wave Seizures In Animal Models, Damien Jon Ellens

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Animal models allow for detailed investigation of neuronal function, particularly invasive localization and developmental studies not possible in humans. This thesis will review the technical challenges of simultaneous EEG-fMRI, and epileptogenesis studies in animal models, including issues related to anesthesia, movement, signal artifact, physiology, electrode compatibility, data acquisition, and data analysis, and review recent findings from simultaneous EEG-fMRI studies in epilepsy and other fields. Original research will be presented on the localization of neuronal networks involved during spike-and-wave seizures in the WAG/Rij rat, a model of human absence epilepsy. Simultaneous EEG-fMRI at 9 Tesla, complimented by parallel electrophysiology, including Multiple …

Hemangiomas Of Infancy: Mesenchymal Stem Cell Tumors Of Perivascular Origin, Christopher Spock

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Introduction: Hemangiomas of infancy (HOI) are the most common benign tumor of childhood. Initially thought to be composed entirely of endothelial cells, it has recently been shown that mesenchymal stem cells reside within these tumors. We propose that hemangiomas represent mesenchymal stem cell tumors of pericyte origin, as demonstrated by expression of pericytic markers (NG2, PDGFR-β, and DLK), neural crest origin (expression of nestin and sox10), expression of factors that play a role in the maintenance of stem cell pluripotency (Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, C-myc, and piRNAs), and a microRNA expression profile suggestive of mesenchymal stem cells. Methods: Quantitative RT-PCR was …

Chest X-Ray Clues To Osteoporosis : Criteria, Correlations, And Consistency, Natalie Renee Simmons

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The purpose of this study was to determine whether radiologists could accurately assess osteopenia on chest plain films. Two chest radiologists evaluated lateral chest films from 100 patients (80 female and 20 male), ranging in age from 16 to 86 years, for osteopenia and its associated findings. Intra- and interobserver agreement was determined using weighted kappa statistics, and accuracy was assessed by making comparisons to bone mineral density as measured by the non-invasive gold standard of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Overall, radiologists were good at identifying signs of late, but not early, disease. Intraobserver consistency was substantial for fish vertebrae …

A Nutrition Education Program To Increase The Consumption Of Whole Grains Among College Students At The University Of New Hampshire Dining Halls, Katharine Rocheford

Master's Theses and Capstones

The relationship between whole grain consumption and a reduced risk of some chronic disease is prominent in the literature. Yet consumers and college students fail to meet the current recommendations. This study investigated the impact of whole grain education materials and whole grain labels placed in the UNH dining halls to improve students' knowledge and whole grain consumption. Survey responses from 504 students were analyzed for whole grain knowledge scores and consumption levels from before and after this program. While overall knowledge score and whole grain consumption did not increase due to this program, a significant positive relationship was seen …

The Effect Of Diet And Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (Pbde) Exposure On Adipocyte And Whole Body Metabolism In Male Wistar Rats, Erin L. Allgood

Master's Theses and Capstones

PBDEs, lipophilic flame-retardant chemicals, are considered to be endocrine-disrupting compounds and potential obesogens. This study investigated PBDE exposure plus a high-fat/high-sugar diet in rats. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were fed either a control or high-fat/high-sugar diet and gavaged with either 18 mg/kg PBDEs or corn oil daily for 4 weeks. Body weight and food intake were measured 3x/week. At 3 weeks, 24-hr whole-body metabolism was measured. At 4 weeks, blood was sampled for T4 and insulin, epididymal adipose tissue was removed and adipocyte lipolytic response to varying concentrations of isoproterenol was measured. PBDE administration significantly increased weight gain, decreased T4 …

An Assessment Of Stress In Acer Saccharum As A Possible Response To Climate Change, Martha Carlson

Master's Theses and Capstones

Climate change is projected to extirpate Acer saccharum throughout its range in the United States. The current investigation evaluates the potential of spectral indices of foliar reflectance, measures of leaf area and bud quality, and historic trends in sap sugar and wood increments for detecting stress in sugar maple.

Thirty trees were examined in 10 plots on 5 sugar bushes in or near the Bearcamp Valley, New Hampshire, over the course of the 2008 growing season. The study found water stress in 100% of trees; reduced chlorophyll content in 60%; early abscission of leaves in 80%; reduced growing season in …

Analysis Of Organic Aerosol In Houston, Tx, Through Aerosol Mass Spectrometry And Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Meredith J. Cleveland

Master's Theses and Capstones

Organic aerosol from Houston, TX, was measured during August and September of 2006 as part of the Texas Air Quality Study II Radical and Aerosol Measurement Project. Aerosol size and composition were determined using an Aerodyne quadrupole aerosol mass spectrometer, and twenty-nine aerosol filter samples were analyzed using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-NMR) spectroscopy to determine the relative concentrations of functional groups. Results indicate that changes in Houston aerosol are due to anthropogenic activities resulting in hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol (HOA). Aerosols are less oxygenated than those observed in previous studies, with smaller concentrations of unsaturated groups, and do not fit …

Effect Of Organic Solvents And Cosolvents On Lipase-Catalyzed Transesterification Of Canola Oil, Boyi Fu

Master's Theses and Capstones

In this thesis, the effect of organic solvents and cosolvents on enzymatic transesterification of canola oil by Candida antarctica lipase was investigated. Twenty-eight organic solvents were assessed and hydrophobic iso-octane was found to be the ideal solvent. Relatively high product yields were also obtained with several hydrophilic solvents possessing high miscibility with methanol. Various solvent-cosolvent mixtures were established to enhance both enzyme activity and mass transfer of substrates. Each mixture comprised a hydrophobic solvent and a hydrophilic cosolvent. At low cosolvent concentrations, biodiesel yield may be enhanced due to improvement in the dispersion of methanol in the cosolvent media. However, …

Extrapolating Hyperspectral Anthocyanin Indices To Multispectral Satellite Sensors---Applications To Fall Foliage In New England, Erica Lindgren

Master's Theses and Capstones

Anthocyanin, thought to be a universal indicator of plant stress, is a red pigment found in many plant species and can seen in New England autumns. Detecting its presence is useful for ecosystem analysis and monitoring changes during autumn senescence. Currently fall foliage is subjectively measured; creation of a satellite-based anthocyanin index will provide an objective measurement and enhance understanding of the distribution of plant stress and senescence over large areas. Anthocyanin indices were tested hyperspectrally in a laboratory setting, then indices were simulated for Hyperion, MERIS, MODIS, and Landsat TM/ETM+ to see which most accurately represents changes in anthocyanin …

Temperature Moderation In A Coastal Coldwater Stream A Study Of Surface Water, Groundwater And Hyporheic Zone Interaction, Danna Butler Truslow

Master's Theses and Capstones

A fiber-optic distributed temperature sensor (FODTS) survey was conducted along a 520 m reach of Wednesday Hill Brook (WHB) in Lee, NH, a first order tributary to the Lamprey River. These data were supplemented by stream and streambed temperature and vertical hydraulic gradient data collection at 35 piezometers, and continuous and periodic measurement of tributary, stream, and groundwater temperatures and streamflow. An under-canopy weather station provided on-site meteorologic data, and a LiDAR survey provided high definition land surface topographic data for interpretation of geomorphology. A heat budget model was developed and used to estimate the advective components of heat flow …

Laver (Porphyra Spp) And Soy Protein Concentrate As Alternative Proteins In Diets For Juvenile Atlantic Cod, Gadus Morhua, Abigail B. Walker

Master's Theses and Capstones

Fishmeal is the main ingredient in formulated fish feeds, and the cost of this commodity is the largest and most volatile recurrent expenditure by the finfish aquaculture industry. Additionally, the reliance on wild-harvested forage species raises concerns about the industry's ecological impacts. Marine macroalgae and soy-derived feed ingredients both have merits as alternative proteins for piscivorous marine fish. Atlantic cod, in particular, have a highly adaptable digestive system and perform well with alternative protein diets.

Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, juveniles (initial body weights: 15.6 g, 87.9 g, and 15.92 g) were fed iso-nitrogenous, iso-caloric diets to evaluate two alternative proteins. …

Separation Of River Network Scale Nitrogen Removal Among Main Channel And Two Transient Storage Compartments, Robert James Stewart

Master's Theses and Capstones

Reach scale experiments have shown that transient storage (TS) could be an important control on dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) export to coastal waters. Here, the relative roles the main channel (MC), surface TS (STS) and hyporheic TS (HTS) have in DIN removal at the network scale are investigated using a model applied to the Ipswich River in Massachusetts. Collaborative field investigations in 1st through 5th order reaches of the Ipswich River provided the mean and range for the hydraulic parameters controlling TS connectivity and residence time. DIN removal was simulated in the MC, STS and HTS compartments for every river …

Assessing Spatial Distributions Of Cyanobacteria And Microcystins In Nh Lakes With Implications For Lake Monitoring, Amanda Lee Murby

Master's Theses and Capstones

Cyanobacteria pose a threat to the health of humans and wildlife when concentrations are high and the species present are toxic. However, routine monitoring of toxic cyanobacteria in lakes is not typical in the United States and, currently, there are no standards on the allowable limit of cyanotoxins in N.H. water bodies. Phycocyanin (PC) fluorescence was evaluated as an indicator for cyanobacteria densities, with implications for monitoring cyanobacteria and microcystins in lakes. PC fluorescence predicted cultured cyanobacteria, ranging from 0--900,000 cells ml-1 (Adj R 2 0.99, p<0.001). PC fluorescence was also useful for estimating microcystin (MC) concentrations among lakes of varying trophic status (p<0.001) and was more significant than net cyanobacteria counts were for predicting microcystin concentrations (p=0.049). Synoptic, horizontal sampling revealed the significant variability in the spatial distributions of cyanobacteria and microcystins in N.H. lakes.

Substance Use Among New Hampshire Adolescents: Attitudes As Predictors Of Substance Use Behavior, Jessica Aimee Bean

Master's Theses and Capstones

The purpose of this thesis was to examine the relationship between substance-related attitudes and substance use behaviors among a sample of New Hampshire adolescents. Data from the New Hampshire Youth Survey, a longitudinal survey of deviance among adolescents, were used, yielding a sample of 760 middle- and high-school students. Hypotheses tested include whether substance use and attitudes varied by sex or age, whether attitudes and behaviors had predictive ability on one another, and whether that predictive ability varied by sex or age. Data were analyzed through a series of logistic and ordered logistic regression models. Findings showed that (1) age, …

Why Latinas Swing Left: Ideological Self-Identification In Conservative Chile, Kristyn A. Call

Master's Theses and Capstones

As recently as 2006, Latin American citizens have shifted to the left ideologically. This study begins by exploring the ideological orientation of women in socially conservative Chile. After analyzing existing literature on gender and ideology, this study goes on to suggest what has led Chilean women to ideologically self-identify to the left. Using a combination of case study analysis and Latin America Public Opinion Project analysis, this thesis proposes that specific social demographics, attitudes toward social issues, the economy, and government intervention are related to the ideological orientation of women. This study focused on multivariate ordinary least squares regression model …

A Survey Of School Counselor Attitudes Regarding Animal-Assisted Interventions, Sara Morrow

Master's Theses and Capstones

Though animal-assisted interventions (AAI) have been used in many institutional settings, there is little evidence of AAI use in public schools. This study examined attitudes of school counselors regarding the incorporation of AAI into their practice.

The Pet Attitude Scale Modified (PAS-M) was used to measure attitudes towards animals and was incorporated into an online survey containing items addressing knowledge, interest, and perception of benefits and challenges associated with AAI. A sample of 220 public school counselors completed the online survey. Most considered themselves knowledgeable about AAI (73%), approximately half were interested in using AAI (56%), "reducing stress and anxiety" …

Neo-Conservatism And Foreign Policy, Ted Boettner

Master's Theses and Capstones

Since the 1960s, neo-conservatives advanced their agenda through journals, think tanks, coalitions, and by serving as high-level government officials. While scholars have noted this influence, there's little written on how neo-conservative ideas have evolved and influenced foreign policy under these changing historical circumstances. Moreover, very little scholarship foils neo-conservatism against the two dominant approaches to foreign policy in the 20th century---realism and liberalism---to discover how they are held together as a group. This thesis finds that neo-conservatism is a political ideology of American foreign policy that has developed several common tendencies over the last forty years. These include an ardent …

The Effects Of Perceived Risk And Responsibility On The Acceptance Of A Human Papillomavirus Vaccine By College Men, Angela Marie Mitiguy

Master's Theses and Capstones

In the summer of 2006 the Food and Drug Administration approved a new vaccine to prevent four types of the Human Papillomavirus believed to cause the majority of genital warts and cervical cancer in women. Since that time the vaccine has experienced considerable uptake among women while it has also been met by some criticism. Current medical research aims to understand if the vaccine, which has been approved only for women, could be used to prevent HPV in men.

Little empirical research has been conducted to understand whether or not men would be willing to receive a vaccine for a …

The Social Construction Of Disability And The Modern-Day Healer, Jennifer Anne Vanderminden

Master's Theses and Capstones

Ramon Cuevas is a physical therapist and the founder of Cuevas Medek therapy (CME), a physical therapy for children with severe physical impairments. Since creating CME he has taught and practiced throughout the world. Families bring their children to see Ramon in his Chile office and elsewhere around the world to see him for therapy. I have conducted in-depth interviews with parents and Ramon, more than five weeks of participant-observation, and analyzed various online materials related to CME. I found that the community that is formed around these families and Ramon provides an excellent example of how disability is constructed …

Grief, Grieving And Death, E Elaine Andrews-Ahearn

Master's Theses and Capstones

Grief is a journey one can only take alone. There is no rehearsal for it, no primer courses, it cannot be measured or timed. No one can do it with you, or for you. There is never an end, completion, finish line. There is not one prescribed way to do it, nor is there a tidy process. Grief is messy. Most importantly, grief is something that no one ever escapes. It surrounds us all the time, it is layered in our lives, permeates the atmosphere. It is ubiquitous. There are many types and degrees of grief; there are deep pockets …

The Lawyer's Role In A Contemporary Democracy, Promoting Social Change And Political Values, The Juridification Of Social Demands And The Application Of Statutes: An Analysis Of The Legal Treatment Of Antiracism Social Demands In Brazil, Marta Rodriguez De Assis Machado, Flavia Portella Puschel, Jose Rodrigo Rodriguez

Fordham Law Review

No abstract provided.

User Innovator Community Norms: At The Bounds Between Academic And Industry Research, Katherine J. Strandburg

Fordham Law Review

No abstract provided.

Outsourcing Immigration Compliance, Eleanor Marie Lawrence Brown

Fordham Law Review

Immigration is a hot-button issue about which Americans have sent a clear message. They prefer not to admit more aliens until the government is able to screen credibly for entrants who will abide by the terms of admission and sanction those who do not. While immigration debates now focus almost entirely on undocumented workers, they have overshadowed another critical, yet poorly understood, challenge: designing institutions to screen properly for aliens who are visa-compliant and sanction noncompliant aliens. Because failed guest worker programs unquestionably increase the size of the undocumented population, this Article addresses the difficulty of institutional design by analyzing …

Table Of Contents, Buffalo Law Review

Buffalo Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Idea Eligibility Mess, Mark C. Weber

Buffalo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Words To Live By: Public Health, The First Amendment, And Government Speech, Jess Alderman

Buffalo Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Dueling First Amendments: Government As Funder, As Speaker, And The Establishment Clause, Carol Nackenoff

Political Science Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Guide Pour Les Pilules De Contraception D'Urgence : Introduire Et Développer L'Offre Des Pilules De Contraception D'Urgence Dans Les Pays En Voie De Développement, Sharif M.I. Hossain, M.E. Khan, Ricardo Vernon, Jill Keesbury, Ian Askew, John Townsend, Victoria Rumbold

Reproductive Health

Pendant plus d'une décennie, les défenseurs ont cherché à améliorer l'accès à la contraception d'urgence (CU) dans le monde. Ces efforts ont été couronnés de succès en Europe et en Amérique du Nord, ont suscité de nombreux débats en Amérique latine et commencent à prendre racine en Asie. En Afrique, cependant, le succès des programmes communautaires reste limité. Même dans les pays où l'environnement réglementaire est favorable, les contraintes de ressources au sein du secteur public limitent la capacité de fournir des services de CU cohérents et de qualité à faible coût. Dans un nombre croissant de pays africains, le …

Nsu Fischler School Of Education And Human Services Undergraduate Education [2009], Nova Southeastern University

Abraham S. Fischler College of Education and School of Criminal Justice College Archive

No abstract provided.

Nsu Fischler School Of Education And Human Services Teacher Education [2009], Nova Southeastern University

Abraham S. Fischler College of Education and School of Criminal Justice College Archive

No abstract provided.