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2009

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The Evolving Architecture Of North American Integration, Laura Spitz Jan 2009

The Evolving Architecture Of North American Integration, Laura Spitz

Faculty Scholarship

Given its potential significance for democracy, sovereignty, government, governance, and justice in each of Canada, the United States, and Mexico, North American integration qua integration has thus far received surprisingly little attention from legal scholars and social scientists. While an expanding body of research explores the dynamics of continental integration in other contexts (especially Europe) and/or examines the meaning of globalization, regionalism, and multilateral internationalism in a general sense, the specific constitution of an integrated North American space remains largely undertheorized. This Article aims to advance the literature in this area by examining legal discourse as an example of the …

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Death Penalty For Women In North Carolina, Elizabeth Rapaport, Victor Streib Jan 2009

Death Penalty For Women In North Carolina, Elizabeth Rapaport, Victor Streib

Faculty Scholarship

Is Justice Marshall right? Have women received "favored treatment" under our death penalty laws and procedures? The national data might lead to such a presumption, given that over 99% of the people executed in the United States are men, but the analyses and explanations are far from simple. The authors have written about this national phenomenon for the past two decades, sharing a strong interest in the issue but not always agreeing in their explanations. Now we examine the North Carolina experience within the national context. This article reports the results of that examination, beginning with North Carolina's history of …

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National Minerals Policy, Minister Of Mining And Telecommunications Jan 2009

National Minerals Policy, Minister Of Mining And Telecommunications

Latin American Energy Policies

The vision of this Policy is for a modern, diversified, efficient and attractive Minerals Industry that protects environmental integrity and socio-cultural values, adds significant value to the economy, is based largely on the manufacture and export of value-added products, has strong and properly structured institutions and co-exists with competing interests in the wider economy.

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Transitions And Tipping Points In Complex Environmental Systems, Nsf Advisory Committee For Environmental Research And Education Jan 2009

Transitions And Tipping Points In Complex Environmental Systems, Nsf Advisory Committee For Environmental Research And Education

Long Term Ecological Research Network

No abstract provided.

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Science Council Committee, San Diego, California, May, 2009, Long Term Ecological Research Network Jan 2009

Science Council Committee, San Diego, California, May, 2009, Long Term Ecological Research Network

Long Term Ecological Research Network

No abstract provided.

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Lter Network Office Survey, 2009, Long Term Ecological Research Network Jan 2009

Lter Network Office Survey, 2009, Long Term Ecological Research Network

Long Term Ecological Research Network

No abstract provided.

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An Introduction To Dezert-Smarandache Theory (Dsmt), Jean Dezert, Florentin Smarandache Jan 2009

An Introduction To Dezert-Smarandache Theory (Dsmt), Jean Dezert, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The management and combination of uncertain, imprecise, fuzzy and even paradoxical or highly conflicting sources of information has always been, and still remains today, of primal importance for the development of reliable modern information systems involving artificial reasoning. In this introduction, we present a survey of our recent theory of plausible and paradoxical reasoning, known as Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT), developed for dealing with imprecise, uncertain and conflicting sources of information. We focus our presentation on the foundations of DSmT and on its most important rules of combination, rather than on browsing specific applications of DSmT available in literature. Several simple …

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Advances And Applications Of Dezert-Smarandache Theory (Dsmt) For Information Fusion (Collected Works), Vol. 3, Florentin Smarandache, Jean Dezert Jan 2009

Advances And Applications Of Dezert-Smarandache Theory (Dsmt) For Information Fusion (Collected Works), Vol. 3, Florentin Smarandache, Jean Dezert

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This volume has about 760 pages, split into 25 chapters, from 41 contributors. First part of this book presents advances of Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT) which is becoming one of the most comprehensive and flexible fusion theory based on belief functions. It can work in all fusion spaces: power set, hyper-power set, and super-power set, and has various fusion and conditioning rules that can be applied depending on each application. Some new generalized rules are introduced in this volume with codes for implementing some of them. For the qualitative fusion, the DSm Field and Linear Algebra of Refined Labels (FLARL) is …

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Studies In Statistical Inference, Sampling Techniques And Demography, Florentin Smarandache, Rajesh Singh, Jayant Singh Jan 2009

Studies In Statistical Inference, Sampling Techniques And Demography, Florentin Smarandache, Rajesh Singh, Jayant Singh

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This volume is a collection of five papers. Two chapters deal with problems in statistical inference, two with inferences in finite population, and one deals with demographic problem. The ideas included here will be useful for researchers doing works in these fields. The following problems have been discussed in the book: Chapter 1. In this chapter optimum statistical test procedure is discussed. The test procedures are optimum in the sense that they minimize the sum of the two error probabilities as compared to any other test. Several examples are included to illustrate the theory. Chapter 2. In testing of hypothesis …

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Special Set Linear Algebra And Special Set Fuzzy Linear Algebra, Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy, K. Ilanthenral Jan 2009

Special Set Linear Algebra And Special Set Fuzzy Linear Algebra, Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy, K. Ilanthenral

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This book for the first time introduces the notion of special set linear algebra and special set fuzzy linear algebra. This is an extension of the book set linear algebra and set fuzzy linear algebra. These algebraic structures basically exploit only the set theoretic property, hence in applications one can include a finite number of elements without affecting the systems property. These new structures are not only the most generalized structures but they can perform multi task simultaneously; hence they would be of immense use to computer scientists. This book has five chapters. In chapter one the basic concepts about …

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Superbimatrices And Their Generalizations, Florentin Smarandache, W.B Vasantha Kandasamy Jan 2009

Superbimatrices And Their Generalizations, Florentin Smarandache, W.B Vasantha Kandasamy

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The systematic study of supermatrices and super linear algebra has been carried out in 2008. These new algebraic structures find their applications in fuzzy models, Leontief economic models and data-storage in computers. In this book the authors introduce the new notion of superbimatrices and generalize it to super trimatrices and super n-matrices. Study of these structures is not only interesting and innovative but is also best suited for the computerized world. The main difference between simple bimatrices and super bimatrices is that in case of simple bimatrices we have only one type of product defined on them, whereas in case …

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The Subprime Crisis And The Link Between Consumer Financial Protection And Systemic Risk, Erik F. Gerding Jan 2009

The Subprime Crisis And The Link Between Consumer Financial Protection And Systemic Risk, Erik F. Gerding

Faculty Scholarship

This Article argues that the current global financial crisis, which was first called the subprime crisis,' demonstrates the need to revisit the division between financial regulations designed to protect consumers from excessively risky loans and safety-and-soundness regulations intended to protect financial markets from the collapse of financial institutions. Consumer financial protection can, and must, serve a role not only in protecting individuals from excessive risk, but also in protecting markets from systemic risk. Economic studies indicate it is not merely high rates of defaults on consumer loans, but also unpredictable and highly correlated defaults that create risks for both lenders …

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Latina/Os' And Latina/O Legal Studies: A Critical And Self-Critical Review Of Latcrit Theory And Legal Models Of Knowledge Production, Margaret E. Montoya, Francisco Valdes Jan 2009

Latina/Os' And Latina/O Legal Studies: A Critical And Self-Critical Review Of Latcrit Theory And Legal Models Of Knowledge Production, Margaret E. Montoya, Francisco Valdes

Faculty Scholarship

For the twelfth time in as many years, the LatCrit community convened its annual conference to underscore the importance of location and locality in the work that we do. The conference theme's framing around Critical Localities: Epistemic Communities, Rooted Cosmopolitans and Knowledge Processes not only focused our collective attention on questions of epistemic community and intellectual (as well as physical) location, but also invited reflection on the meanings we inscribe onto the positions we elect to stake out for ourselves and our work in light of the options and traditions that serve as background. The "Critical Localities" theme invites an …

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Leadership Development Programs For Academic Law Librarians (In Special Issue Entitled, Our Commitment To Building Leaders: Programs For Leadership In Academic And Special Libraries), Carol A. Parker Jan 2009

Leadership Development Programs For Academic Law Librarians (In Special Issue Entitled, Our Commitment To Building Leaders: Programs For Leadership In Academic And Special Libraries), Carol A. Parker

Faculty Scholarship

In 2003 the American Association of Law Libraries (AALL) identified leadership development as one of three primary goals for the organization during this decade. Motivated by a desire to provide leadership training opportunities and expand mentoring programs, a special committee on leadership development created a Leadership Academy for AALL members. The two-day program challenges participants to increase self-awareness of leadership skills and opportunities, and provides them with strategies to emerge as leaders in their organizations and the profession. Academy participation initiates a year-long program of formal mentoring and includes activities held during the AALL annual meeting.

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Madison In Post-9/11 Cyberspace: Applying Federalist No. 10 To The Online Battle For ‘Hearts And Minds’, Dawinder S. Sidhu Jan 2009

Madison In Post-9/11 Cyberspace: Applying Federalist No. 10 To The Online Battle For ‘Hearts And Minds’, Dawinder S. Sidhu

Faculty Scholarship

To be sure, there are at least a few problems with the approach of drawing upon the Framers for guidance with respect to the issues of the day. First, the Framers did not reach consensus on all matters. The famous rivalry between the Alexander Hamilton, a staunch nationalist from New York who favored a strong federal banking system and central government, and Jefferson, a republican from Virginia who preferred an agrarian lifestyle and trusted the people to do right by American society, perhaps best illustrates the fact that the Framers themselves were not in lockstep as to the makeup of …

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Judicial Review As Soft Power: How The Courts Can Help Us Win The Post-9/11 Conflict, Dawinder S. Sidhu Jan 2009

Judicial Review As Soft Power: How The Courts Can Help Us Win The Post-9/11 Conflict, Dawinder S. Sidhu

Faculty Scholarship

This Article seeks to answer these questions. In this Article, I will argue that the American response to Islamic terrorist factions must move outside the military sphere in which battles are fought between arms and men to a more conceptual contest for hearts and minds, where the ammunition in this abstract war will be fundamental American principles, particularly a constitutional commitment to the rule of law, and where advancements in the war will be based on incrementally increased attraction to America. This approach will speak to one’s will and conscience in an effort to secure a more lasting respite from …

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Cujo Goes To College: On The Use Of Animals By Individuals With Disabilities In Postsecondary Institutions, Dawinder S. Sidhu Jan 2009

Cujo Goes To College: On The Use Of Animals By Individuals With Disabilities In Postsecondary Institutions, Dawinder S. Sidhu

Faculty Scholarship

This Article examines the extent to which animals may be used by individuals with disabilities in a particular setting-postsecondary institutions.

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Wartime America And The Wire: A Response To Posner’S Post-9/11 Constitutional Framework, Dawinder S. Sidhu Jan 2009

Wartime America And The Wire: A Response To Posner’S Post-9/11 Constitutional Framework, Dawinder S. Sidhu

Faculty Scholarship

This article challenges Not a Suicide Pact by using a single component of practical experience that has factored into legal reasoning: television. In particular, it will invoke various themes from The Wire—an HBO series that explores the relationship between the drug trade and law enforcement in Baltimore, Maryland—to demonstrate the problematic nature of the aforementioned arguments set forth in Posner’s book.

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Consumer Scams And The Elderly: Preserving Independence Through Shifting Default Rules, Nathalie Martin Jan 2009

Consumer Scams And The Elderly: Preserving Independence Through Shifting Default Rules, Nathalie Martin

Faculty Scholarship

Modern technology has made it easier than ever for scammers, legitimate businesses with dubious intentions, and even charities to take advantage of telemarketing. For reasons including reduced mental faculties and loneliness, the elderly are increasingly at risk for losing money, credit, and ultimately independence to those who would exploit them. In this Article, Professor Martin explores the benefits of existing regulations, bankruptcy, and reverse mortgages as solutions to these problems. Professor Martin also recommends a new default rule for elderly consumers: no solicitations unless the consumer opts in.

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Listening To Indigenous Voices: What The Un Declaration On The Rights Of Indigenous Peoples Means For U.S. Tribes, Aliza Organick Jan 2009

Listening To Indigenous Voices: What The Un Declaration On The Rights Of Indigenous Peoples Means For U.S. Tribes, Aliza Organick

Faculty Scholarship

Part I of this article will provide a historical context for the Declaration by surveying the international recognition of the concept of "Indigenous" rights that led to the adoption of the Declaration. Part II will discuss the positions taken by each no-vote state and the reasoning employed by these states in support of those positions. Part Ill will focus on how U.S. Tribes might turn the Declaration into a living document in spite of the United States' continued resistance to do so.

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Tribal Law And Best Practices In Legal Education: Creating A New Path For The Study Of Tribal Law, Aliza Organick Jan 2009

Tribal Law And Best Practices In Legal Education: Creating A New Path For The Study Of Tribal Law, Aliza Organick

Faculty Scholarship

In Part I of this article, I explore the importance of introducing law students to tribal law and the culture of other local legal systems early and often. I assert that when the legal academy ignores the role that culture plays in the formation and understanding of our own legal system and the legal systems of other communities, we are ignoring the most basic and core aspects of society. By disregarding the role culture plays in legal systems, we are doing a disservice not only to our students, but also ultimately to the legal community and our clients. By failing …

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