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2009

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Trust On The Internet: A Virtual Reality?, Adam Clark, '09 Jan 2009

Trust On The Internet: A Virtual Reality?, Adam Clark, '09

Honors Projects

Social capital has recently gained popularity, but it is not a new topic. The relationship between civic engagement and trust has been well tested, and it has been used in the past to help diagnose the well being of a society. Unfortunately with evolving technology, some of this research may be now obsolete. The Internet has changed the way that people communicate and learn. Since the Internet has reached such high proliferation rates, especially among the younger generations, it is likely to have an effect on the relationship between civic engagement and trust. Using NES survey data from 1996 to …

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Why Can't We Be Friends?: The Effects Of Disclosure And Severity On Typical Students' Attitudes Toward Peers With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Jacqueline M. Dowjotas, '09 Jan 2009

Why Can't We Be Friends?: The Effects Of Disclosure And Severity On Typical Students' Attitudes Toward Peers With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Jacqueline M. Dowjotas, '09

Honors Projects

The autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are characterized by deficits in social interaction, communication, and restrictive and repetitive behaviors and interests. Although many children with autism desire social interaction, they tend to have a difficult time mastering conversation skills and socially appropriate behavior. In addition, they have fewer and lower quality friendships when compared to typical peers, and they often face negative stigma from their typical peers. The current study was used to investigate typical students' attitudes toward hypothetical peers with varying degrees of ASDs. Participants (N = 61) read and responded to vignettes that depicted adolescents, in which severity of …

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The Effects Of Coaching Feedback On Perfectionism And Disordered Eating In College Athletes, Natalie E. Chase, '09 Jan 2009

The Effects Of Coaching Feedback On Perfectionism And Disordered Eating In College Athletes, Natalie E. Chase, '09

Honors Projects

Feedback given to athletes by their coaches is a topic that has not been extensively researched in terms of its effect on perfectionist tendencies and disordered eating in athletes. It is important to reduce factors that are associated with disordered eating before the overt disordered eating behaviors can develop into a more severe clinical-level eating disorder. In investigating these links, parallels were drawn between research that has shown negative effects from harsh parental feedback to hypothesize about the effects of coaching feedback. The hypotheses examined include: I. Feedback from coaches that is interpreted by athletes as harsh, ego-involved, or highly …

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Memory And Metamemory In Patients With Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, Charlotte Emma Howard Jan 2009

Memory And Metamemory In Patients With Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, Charlotte Emma Howard

School of Psychology Theses

It is well established that patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) commonly report memory difficulties. The aim of this thesis was to use a novel approach adopting Nelson & Narens' (1990) theoretical framework to investigate whether metacognitive knowledge and memory performance were differentially disrupted in patients with TLE. More specifically, investigating to what extent poor memory in TLE could result from inadequate metamemory monitoring, inadequate metamemory control or both. Experiment I employed a combined Judgement-of-Learning and Feeling-of-Knowing task to investigate whether participants could monitor their memory successfully at both the item-by-item and global levels. The results revealed a dissociation between …

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Land Use Planning In Ireland: A Life Cycle Energy Analysis Of Recent Residential Development In The Greater Dublin Area, Aidan Duffy Jan 2009

Land Use Planning In Ireland: A Life Cycle Energy Analysis Of Recent Residential Development In The Greater Dublin Area, Aidan Duffy

Articles

Background, aim, and scope: One third of the total housing stock in the Republic of Ireland has been built in 10 years up to and including 2006 and of this approximately 34% was built in the Greater Dublin Area (GDA). Much of the housing was low-density with poor public transport links leading to doubts over its sustainability—particularly in terms of energy use. Although the country is committed to reducing greenhouse gases to 13% above 1990 levels by the period 2008–2012, by 2005, emissions were already 25.4% higher than the aseline and current projections are that this figure will rise to …

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To Give Is Better Than To Receive: The Benefits Of Peer Review To The Reviewer’S Own Writing, Wendy Baker, Kristi Lundstrom Jan 2009

To Give Is Better Than To Receive: The Benefits Of Peer Review To The Reviewer’S Own Writing, Wendy Baker, Kristi Lundstrom

Faculty Publications

Although peer review has been shown to be beneficial in many writing classrooms, the benefits of peer review to the reviewer, or the student giving feedback, has not been thoroughly investigated in second-language writing research. The purpose of this study is to determine which is more beneficial to improving student writing: giving or receiving peer feedback. The study was conducted at an intensive English institute with ninety-one students in nine writing classes at two proficiency levels. The ‘‘givers’’ reviewed anonymous papers but received no peer feedback over the course of the semester, while the ‘‘receivers’’ received feedback but did not …

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Do Emotions Have Distinct Vocal Profiles? A Study Of Idiographic Patterns Of Expression, Bruce L. Brown, Matthew M. Spackman, Sean Otto Jan 2009

Do Emotions Have Distinct Vocal Profiles? A Study Of Idiographic Patterns Of Expression, Bruce L. Brown, Matthew M. Spackman, Sean Otto

Faculty Publications

Research on vocal expressions of emotion indicates that persons can identify emotions from voice with relatively high accuracy rates. In addition, fairly consistent vocal profiles for specific emotions have been identified. However, important methodological issues remain to be addressed. In this paper, we address the issue of whether there are individual differences in the manner in which particular emotions may be expressed vocally and whether trained speakers’ portrayals of emotion are in some sense superior to untrained speakers’ portrayals. Consistent support was found for differences across speakers in the manner in which they expressed the same emotions. No accompanying relationship …

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Generalised Design Process For Fiber-Bend-Loss-Based Edge Filters For A Wavelength Measurement System, Pengfei Wang, Gerald Farrell, Yuliya Semenova Jan 2009

Generalised Design Process For Fiber-Bend-Loss-Based Edge Filters For A Wavelength Measurement System, Pengfei Wang, Gerald Farrell, Yuliya Semenova

Articles

We investigate and present a generalized methodology for the design of a fiber-bend-loss-based edge filter, starting with the task of evaluating and selecting suitable fibers and then considering the design of a fiber-bending-loss edge filter. As an example to illustrate the methodology, a Corning SMF28e fiber with a 900 μmdiameter is selected and two sample edge filters are designed for experimental verification. The designed edge filters are compact, easy to fabricate, meet target spectral specifications, and show low polarization-dependent loss, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed methodology for fiber-bend-loss-based edge filter design.

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Analysis Of Assessment Strategies Used In A Level 7, Year 1 Engineering Subject, Aidan O'Dwyer Jan 2009

Analysis Of Assessment Strategies Used In A Level 7, Year 1 Engineering Subject, Aidan O'Dwyer

Conference papers

This contribution critically analyses the assessment strategies used on the core Electrical Systems subject in the first year of a three-year, Level 7, degree programme in Electrical Engineering at Dublin Institute of Technology. An evidence-based approach is taken, by analysing the assessment data in detail.

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Estimating Dysphonia Severity In Continuous Speech: Application Of A Multi-Parameter Spectral/Cepstral Model, Christopher Dromey, Shaheen N. Awan, Nelson Roy Jan 2009

Estimating Dysphonia Severity In Continuous Speech: Application Of A Multi-Parameter Spectral/Cepstral Model, Christopher Dromey, Shaheen N. Awan, Nelson Roy

Faculty Publications

The purpose of the study was to identify a sub-set of spectral/cepstral-based analysis methods that would most effectively predict dysphonia severity (as estimated via auditory-perceptual analysis) in samples of continuous speech. Acoustic estimates of dysphonia severity were used as an objective treatment outcomes measure in a set of pre- vs post-treatment speech samples. Pre- and post-treatment continuous speech samples from 104 females with primary muscle tension dysphonia (MTD) were rated by listeners using a 100 point visual analogue scale (VAS) and analysed acoustically with spectral/cepstral-based measures. Stepwise linear regression produced a three-factor model consisting of the cepstral peak prominence (CPP); …

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Information Hiding By Stochastic Disfusion And Its Application To Printed Document Authentication, Jonathan Blackledge, Eugene Coyle Jan 2009

Information Hiding By Stochastic Disfusion And Its Application To Printed Document Authentication, Jonathan Blackledge, Eugene Coyle

Conference papers

The use of image based information exchange has grown rapidly over the years in terms of both e-to-e image storage and transmission and in terms of maintaining paper documents in electronic form. Further, with the dramatic improvements in the quality of COTS (Commercial-O-The-Shelf) printing and scanning devices, the ability to counterfeit electronic and printed documents has become a widespread problem. Consequently, there has been an increasing demand to develop digital watermarking, information hiding and covert encryption methods which can be applied to both electronic and printed images (and documents) for the purposes of authentication, prevent unauthorized copying and, in the …

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Social Or Academic Language Intervention? You Don’T Have To Choose, Lee Robinson Jan 2009

Social Or Academic Language Intervention? You Don’T Have To Choose, Lee Robinson

Faculty Publications

Students with a variety of types of language impairments exhibit deficits that affect both social interactions and academic performance. Two types of theory of mind underlie social and academic language skills: interpersonal and intrapersonal. In this article, the authors describe strategies for developing interpersonal and intrapersonal theory of mind abilities with the goal of promoting the inferencing skills essential for comprehension of social and academic language.

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Exploring Childcare: A North West Of Ireland Study, Maureen O'Hara Jan 2009

Exploring Childcare: A North West Of Ireland Study, Maureen O'Hara

Irish Journal of Applied Social Studies

This study sought to explore and examine if the provision of full day care improves the quality of life for children and their parents. There are now 60.8% of women employed in the workforce (CSO, 2008). This means many changes for children, parents and families. Twenty-seven childcare managers in the north west of Ireland were interviewed. Also, 325 questionnaires were completed by working parents. Babies as young as four months are being cared for in childcare facilities from 6.45am until 6pm daily, five days per week. Some children are spending up to 11 hours per day in childcare facilities. The …

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Modelling And Simulation Of A Biomass Gasification-Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Combined Heat And Power Plant Using Aspen Plus, Wayne Doherty, Anthony Reynolds, David Kennedy Jan 2009

Modelling And Simulation Of A Biomass Gasification-Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Combined Heat And Power Plant Using Aspen Plus, Wayne Doherty, Anthony Reynolds, David Kennedy

Conference Papers

In this paper the operation and performance of a high temperature solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack on biomass syn-gas from a demonstration biomass gasification combined heat and power (CHP) plant is investigated. The objective of this work is to develop a computer simulation model of a biomass-SOFC CHP system, flexible enough for use in industry, capable of predicting system performance under various operating conditions and using diverse fuels. The biomass gasifier is of the dual fluidised bed (DFB) type with steam as the gasifying agent and is operated at atmospheric pressure. The tubular SOFC configuration, developed by Siemens Power …

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Toast, Vol 1, Issue 3, 2009, Dit:Students Union Jan 2009

Toast, Vol 1, Issue 3, 2009, Dit:Students Union

DIT Student Union

No abstract provided.

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Toast, Vol 1, Issue 5, 2009, Dit Students Union Jan 2009

Toast, Vol 1, Issue 5, 2009, Dit Students Union

DIT Student Union

No abstract provided.

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Holographic Recording In Acrylamide Photopolymers: Thickness Limitations, Mohammad Mahmud, Izabela Naydenova, Nitesh Pandey, Tzvetanka Babeva, Raghavendra Jallapuram, Suzanne Martin, Vincent Toal Jan 2009

Holographic Recording In Acrylamide Photopolymers: Thickness Limitations, Mohammad Mahmud, Izabela Naydenova, Nitesh Pandey, Tzvetanka Babeva, Raghavendra Jallapuram, Suzanne Martin, Vincent Toal

Articles

Holographic recording in thick photopolymer layers is important for application in holographic data storage, volume holographic filters and correlators. Here, the characteristics of acrylamidebased photopolymer layers having thickness from 250 μm to 1-mm were studied. For each layer thickness samples with three different values of absorbance were studied. By measuring both the first order diffraction efficiency growth of holographically recorded gratings and studying the diffraction patterns obtained, the influence of scattering on the diffraction efficiency of thick volume holographic gratings was analyzed. It was observed that above a particular thickness and absorbance, the first order diffraction efficiency significantly decreased because …

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The Economic Determinants Of Crop Diversity On Farms In Rural Bangladesh, S Rahman Jan 2009

The Economic Determinants Of Crop Diversity On Farms In Rural Bangladesh, S Rahman

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The study examines the economic determinants of crop diversity using a survey of 406 farmers located in 21 villages in three agro-ecological regions of Bangladesh. The computed value of diversity indices of crop concentration (Herfindahl), richness (Margalef) and evenness (Shannon) confirm that farming system in Bangladesh is still relatively diverse despite four decades of thrust in the diffusion of a rice-based ‘Green Revolution’ technology. Results reveal that a host of price and non-price factors significantly influence farmers’ decision to diversify. Likelihood of diversification increases with a fall in the prices of fertilizers, animal power services and modern rice and a …

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Development Of Cognitive Capabilities In Humanoid Robots, Vadim Tikhanoff Jan 2009

Development Of Cognitive Capabilities In Humanoid Robots, Vadim Tikhanoff

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Building intelligent systems with human level of competence is the ultimate grand challenge for science and technology in general, and especially for the computational intelligence community. Recent theories in autonomous cognitive systems have focused on the close integration (grounding) of communication with perception, categorisation and action. Cognitive systems are essential for integrated multi-platform systems that are capable of sensing and communicating. This thesis presents a cognitive system for a humanoid robot that integrates abilities such as object detection and recognition, which are merged with natural language understanding and refined motor controls. The work includes three studies; (1) the use of …

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Physical And Link Layer Implications In Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks, Ghassan Mohammed Taha Abdalla Jan 2009

Physical And Link Layer Implications In Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks, Ghassan Mohammed Taha Abdalla

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Vehicle Ad hoc Networks (V ANET) have been proposed to provide safety on the road and deliver road traffic information and route guidance to drivers along with commercial applications. However the challenges facing V ANET are numerous. Nodes move at high speeds, road side units and basestations are scarce, the topology is constrained by the road geometry and changes rapidly, and the number of nodes peaks suddenly in traffic jams. In this thesis we investigate the physical and link layers of V ANET and propose methods to achieve high data rates and high throughput. For the physical layer, we examine …

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When Is A Terrorist Not A Terrorist?: American And Chinese Media Portrayals Of The Chinese Uighur Minority Pre And Post 9/11, Anna File, '09 Jan 2009

When Is A Terrorist Not A Terrorist?: American And Chinese Media Portrayals Of The Chinese Uighur Minority Pre And Post 9/11, Anna File, '09

Honors Projects

Over the past sixty years the Uighur population in China has faced a variety of complex issues, both domestically and internationally. In large part due to their geopolitical positioning as inhabitants of Xinjiang Province as well owing to several issues with their Muslim faith, Uighurs have constantly been at odds with the Communist traditions imposed upon them by the central Chinese government. Not only do problems with their religion affect them nationally, but more recently with the trend towards suspicion of Muslim groups by Westerners, the Uighurs are in a seemingly helpless position. This paper hypothesizes however, that this has …

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New Media Matters: Tutoring In The Late Age Of Print, Jackie Grutsch Mckinney Jan 2009

New Media Matters: Tutoring In The Late Age Of Print, Jackie Grutsch Mckinney

The Writing Center Journal

No abstract provided.

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Mutual Benefits: Pre-Service Teachers And Public School Students In The Writing Center, Emily Isaacs, Ellen Kolba Jan 2009

Mutual Benefits: Pre-Service Teachers And Public School Students In The Writing Center, Emily Isaacs, Ellen Kolba

The Writing Center Journal

No abstract provided.

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From Corporate Social Responsibility To Corporate Responsible Behaviour: A Futures Approach: Proposing A New Conceptual And Operational Framework To Foster Responsibility Within The Commercial Property Industry, Gillian O'Brien Jan 2009

From Corporate Social Responsibility To Corporate Responsible Behaviour: A Futures Approach: Proposing A New Conceptual And Operational Framework To Foster Responsibility Within The Commercial Property Industry, Gillian O'Brien

Doctoral

This research examines corporate responsible behaviour (CRB) and the role of Futures Studies, as both a philosophy and a critical research methodology in fostering a culture of responsibility within the commercial property industry in the UK. More specific objectives are to critically evaluate CRB and its role in business; to explore the potential role, effects and implications of futures in the development of CRB policy and practice; to propose an integrative conceptual and operational framework for guiding the commercial property industry in formulating systematic, executable CRB policies and practices; and to build a set of propositions that may influence the …

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Interlinkages Between Equity, Currency, Precious Metals And Oil Markets: An Emphasis On Emerging Markets, Lucia Morales Jan 2009

Interlinkages Between Equity, Currency, Precious Metals And Oil Markets: An Emphasis On Emerging Markets, Lucia Morales

Other resources

This thesis examines the interlinkages between equity, currency, precious metals and oil markets. The study follows an international approach with a special focus on emerging markets in Europe, Asia and Latin America, but without forgetting the importance of the G-7 that represents the most developed markets. The present research also focuses on the existence of interlinkages between these markets and the currency, oil, and precious metals markets. The author of this thesis considered it appropriate to implement such an analysis due to the fact that the relationships between financial markets, currency markets and the above-mentioned commodities markets have not been …

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Hedging: Scaling And The Investor Horizon, Jim Hanly, John Cotter Jan 2009

Hedging: Scaling And The Investor Horizon, Jim Hanly, John Cotter

Articles

This paper examines the volatility and covariance dynamics of cash and futures contracts that underlie the Optimal Hedge Ratio (OHR) across different hedging time horizons. We examine whether hedge ratios calculated over a short term hedging horizon can be scaled and successfully applied to longer term horizons. We also test the equivalence of scaled hedge ratios with those calculated directly from lower frequency data and compare them in terms of hedging effectiveness. Our findings show that the volatility and covariance dynamics may differ considerably depending on the hedging horizon and this gives rise to significant differences between short term and …

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Qualitative Methodology Discussion, Marian Crowley-Henry, Paddy Dolan, Paul Donnelly, Olivia Freeman, John Hogan, Conor Horan, Brendan O'Rourke Jan 2009

Qualitative Methodology Discussion, Marian Crowley-Henry, Paddy Dolan, Paul Donnelly, Olivia Freeman, John Hogan, Conor Horan, Brendan O'Rourke

Books/Book Chapters

This chapter presents a discussion on the nature of qualitative research. In it, a number of contributors to the book sit down for a general roundtable discussion on qualitative methodologies. Here they express their thinking in relation to a range of questions on qualitative methodologies put to them by the moderator, one of the editors of the volume. The objective of the chapter is to provide readers with an insight into a free flowing discussion amongst academics on the nature of qualitative research. This takes the readers outside of the carefully structured arguments of the authors, as set out in …

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Le Cadre Des Certifications Professionnelles:Un Instrument Pour La Réforme De 'L'Enseignement Superieur?, Sorin Eugen Zaharia, Cosmina Marinela Mironov, Anca Elena Borzea Jan 2009

Le Cadre Des Certifications Professionnelles:Un Instrument Pour La Réforme De 'L'Enseignement Superieur?, Sorin Eugen Zaharia, Cosmina Marinela Mironov, Anca Elena Borzea

Level 3

Nous vivons dans la civilisation du savoir. Au moins deux ou trois fois par jour, on entend à la faculté, à la télé ou à la radio, on lit ou on prononce couramment des syntagmes tels que «la société du savoir», «l’économie du savoir», «recherche – développement – innovation» ou «éducation/formation continue». Maintes fois, on entend ou on prononce ces mots dans des contextes différents, mais à chaque fois il y a une liaison avec les notions de savoir, connaissances ou formation. Le contexte le plus fréquent est pourtant celui de la compétition.

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Uniarab: An Universal Machine Translator System For Arabic Based On Role And Reference Grammar, Brian Nolan, Yasser Salem Jan 2009

Uniarab: An Universal Machine Translator System For Arabic Based On Role And Reference Grammar, Brian Nolan, Yasser Salem

Conference Papers

This paper presents a machine translation system (Hutchins 2003) called UniArab (Salem, Hensman and Nolan 2008). It is a proof-of-concept system supporting the fundamental aspects of Arabic, such as the parts of speech, agreement and tenses. UniArab is based on the linking algorithm of RRG (syntax to semantics and vice versa). UniArab takes MSA Arabic as input in the native orthography, parses the sentence(s) into a logical meta-representation based on the fully expanded RRG logical structures and, using this, generates perfectly grammatical English output with full agreement and morphological resolution. UniArab utilizes an XML-based implementation of elements of the Role …

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Designing An Xml Lexicon Architecture For Arabic Machine Translation Based On Role And Reference Grammar, Brian Nolan, Yasser Salem Jan 2009

Designing An Xml Lexicon Architecture For Arabic Machine Translation Based On Role And Reference Grammar, Brian Nolan, Yasser Salem

Conference Papers

Role and Reference Grammar (RRG) is a functional theory of grammar. The main features of Role and Reference Grammar are the use of lexical decomposition, based upon predicate semantics, an analysis of clause structure and the use of a set of thematic roles organized into a hierarchy in which the highestranking roles are Actor (for the most active participant) and Undergoer. The theory allows a sentence in a specific language to be described in terms of its logical structure and grammatical procedures. The lexicon in RRG takes the position that lexical entries for verbs should contain unique information only, with …

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