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Religious Discrimination And Racial Harassment: What Ever Happened To Marshawn Demur? -- Instructor’S Manual, Gwendolyn Combs

Department of Management: Faculty Publications

Case Learning Objectives:
Establish the basis for and recognition of potential d nn isparate treatment and disparate impact situations in the workplace.
Analyze the legal requirements for employers in considering and/or accommodating employee religious beliefs and preferences in the workplace.
Examine the interface of judicial precedent, legislative intent, Title VII and organizational policy/managerial decision-making.
Recognize the roles and responsibilities of human resource (HR) professionals in addressing these issues.

Target Audience: Undergraduate and graduate level students who have a basic background in HR management and equal employment/diversity issues.

This case works best in conjunction with the study of equal employment opportunity, …

Ancient Leishmaniasis In A Highland Desert Of Northern Chile, Maria Antonietta Costa, Carney Matheson, Lucia Iachetta, Otto Appenzeller

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Background

Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease endemic today in many areas of South America.

Methodology

We discovered morphologic and molecular evidence of ancient infections in four female skulls in the archaeological cemetery of Coyo Oriente, in the desert of San Pedro de Atacama, northern Chile. The boney facial lesions visible in the skulls could have been caused by a number of chronic infections including chronic Leishmaniasis. This diagnosis was confirmed using PCR-sequenced analyses of bone fragments from the skulls of the affected individuals. Leishmaniasis is not normally found in the high-altitude desert of northern Chile; where the harsh climate does …

Taxonomic Information Exchange And Copyright: The Plazi Approach, Donat Agosti, Willi Egloff

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Background

A large part of our knowledge on the world's species is recorded in the corpus of biodiversity literature with well over hundred million pages, and is represented in natural history collections estimated at 2–3 billion specimens. But this body of knowledge is almost entirely in paper-print form and is not directly accessible through the Internet. For the digitization of this literature, new territories have to be chartered in the fields of technical, legal and social issues that presently impede its advance. The taxonomic literature seems especially destined for such a transformation.

Discussion

Plazi was founded as an association with …

Organizational Narcissism And Virtuous Behavior, Dennis Duchon, Brian Drake

Department of Management: Faculty Publications

Extreme narcissistic organizations are unable to behave ethically because they lack a moral identity. While such organizations are not necessarily unethical intentionally, they become self-obsessed and use a sense of entitlement, self-aggrandizement, denial, and rationalizations to justify anything they do. Extreme narcissistic organizations might develop formal ethics programs, but such programs will have little effect on behavior.

Western Corn Rootworm ( Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera Leconte) Population Dynamics, Lance Meinke, Thomas W. Sappington, David W. Onstad, Thomas Guillemaud, Nicholas Miller, Judit Komáromi, Nora Levay, Lorenzo Furlan, József Kiss, Ferenc Toth

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

1 The western corn rootworm Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte is a major insect pest of field maize, Zea mays L. Larvae can cause substantial injury by feeding on maize roots. Larval feeding may destroy individual roots or root nodes, and reduce plant growth, stability, and yield. Costs associated with managing corn rootworms in continuous maize are annually one of the largest expenditures for insect management in the United States Corn Belt.

2 Even though D. virgifera virgifera has been studied intensively for over 50 years, there is renewed interest in the biology, ecology, and genetics of this species because of …

Jor: A Journal-Guided Reconstruction Optimization For Raid-Structured Storage Systems, Suzhen Wu, Dan Feng, Hong Jiang, Bo Mao, Lingfang Zeng, Jianxi Chen

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

This paper proposes a simple and practical RAID reconstruction optimization scheme, called JOurnal-guided Reconstruction (JOR). JOR exploits the fact that significant portions of data blocks in typical disk arrays are unused. JOR monitors the storage space utilization status at the block level to guide the reconstruction process so that only failed data on the used stripes is recovered to the spare disk. In JOR, data consistency is ensured by the requirement that all blocks in a disk array be initialized to zero (written with value zero) during synchronization while all blocks in the spare disk also be initialized to zero …

Smart Templates For Peak Pattern Matching With Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography, Stephen E. Reichenbach, Peter W. Carr, Dwight R. Stoll, Qingping Tao

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

Comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC × LC) generates information-rich but complex peak patterns that require automated processing for rapid chemical identification and classification. This paper describes a powerful approach and specific methods for peak pattern matching to identify and classify constituent peaks in data from LC × LC and other multidimensional chemical separations. The approach records a prototypical pattern of peaks with retention times and associated metadata, such as chemical identities and classes, in a template. Then, the template pattern is matched to the detected peaks in subsequent data and the metadata are copied from the template to identify and …

Holocene Carbon Burial By Lakes In Sw Greenland, N. J. Anderson, W. D'Andrea, Sherilyn C. Fritz

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

The role of the Arctic in future global change processes is predicted to be important because of the large carbon (C) stocks contained in frozen soils and peatlands. Lakes are an important component of arctic landscapes although their role in storing C is not well prescribed. The area around Kangerlussuaq, SW Greenland (66–68°N, 49–54°W) has ex¬tremely high lake density, with ~20 000 lakes that cover about 14% of the land area. C accumulation rates and standing stock (kg C m⁻²), representing late- to mid-Holocene C burial, were calculated from AMS ¹⁴C-dated sediment cores from 11 lakes. Lake …

Genomic Regions Conserved In Lineage Ii Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Strains, Marina Steele, Kim Ziebell, Yongxiang Zhang, Andrew K. Benson, Roger Johnson, Chad Laing, Eduardo Taboada, Victor Gannon

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Populations of the food- and waterborne pathogen Escherichia coli O157:H7 are comprised of two major lineages. Recent studies have shown that specific genotypes within these lineages differ substantially in the frequencies with which they are associated with human clinical disease. While the nucleotide sequences of the genomes of lineage I strains E. coli O157 Sakai and EDL9333 have been determined, much less is known about the genomes of lineage II strains. In this study, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used to identify genomic features that define lineage II populations. Three SSH experiments were performed, yielding 1,085 genomic fragments consisting of …

A Response To Seth H. Giertz, Daniel Feenberg

Department of Economics: Faculty Publications

There are two aspects of Seth Giertz's excellent chapter that I want to talk about. One is slightly technical; I want to try to provide some explanation for why estimating elasticity of taxable income (ETI) is so difficult. I think this difficulty is unappreciated by nonspecialists, who are quick to latch onto a favorite estimate without understanding the weaknesses in the estimation. The other aspect is a bit more philosophical and addresses the different functions of the partial equilibrium analysis done here and the general equilibrium work done a few years back in the macro group at the Congressional Budget …

Convergence, Adaptive Refinement, And Scaling In 1d Peridynamics, Florin Bobaru Ph.D., Mijia Yabg Ph.D., Leonardo F. Alves M.S., Stewart A. Silling Ph.D., Ebrahim Askari Ph.D., Jifeng Xu Ph.D.

Department of Engineering Mechanics: Faculty Publications

We introduce here adaptive refinement algorithms for the non-local method peridynamics, which was proposed (in J. Mech. Phys. Solids 2000; 48:175–209) as a reformulation of classical elasticity for discontinuities and long-range forces. We use scaling of the micromodulus and horizon and discuss the particular features of adaptivity in peridynamics for which multiscale modeling and grid refinement are closely connected. We discuss three types of numerical convergence for peridynamics and obtain uniform convergence to the classical solutions of static and dynamic elasticity problems in 1D in the limit of the horizon going to zero. Continuous micromoduli lead to optimal rates of …

Comparison Of Fuzzy Clustering Methods And Their Applications To Geophysics Data, David J. Miller, Carl A. Nelson, Molly Boeka Cannon, Kenneth P. Cannon

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Fuzzy clustering algorithms are helpful when there exists a dataset with subgroupings of points having indistinct boundaries and overlap between the clusters. Traditional methods have been extensively studied and used on real-world data, but require users to have some knowledge of the outcome a priori in order to determine howmany clusters to look for. Additionally, iterative algorithms choose the optimal number of clusters based on one of several performance measures. In this study, the authors compare the performance of three algorithms (fuzzy c-means, Gustafson-Kessel, and an iterative version of Gustafson-Kessel) when clustering a traditional data set as well as real-world …

A Serological Survey Of Infectious Disease In Yellowstone National Park’S Canid Community, Emily S. Almberg, L. David Mech, Douglas W. Smith, Jennifer W. Sheldon, Robert L. Crabtree

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Background: Gray wolves (Canis lupus) were reintroduced into Yellowstone National Park (YNP) after a .70 year absence, and as part of recovery efforts, the population has been closely monitored. In 1999 and 2005, pup survival was significantly reduced, suggestive of disease outbreaks.

Methodology/Principal Findings: We analyzed sympatric wolf, coyote (Canis latrans), and red fox (Vulpes vulpes) serologic data from YNP, spanning 1991–2007, to identify long-term patterns of pathogen exposure, identify associated risk factors, and examine evidence for disease-induced mortality among wolves for which there were survival data. We found high, constant exposure to canine …

Human Ubc9 Contributes To Production Of Fully Infectious Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Virions, Tareq Jaber, Christopher R. Bohl, Gentry L. Lewis, Charles Wood, John T. West Jr., Robert A. Weldon Jr.

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Ubc9 was identified as a cellular protein that interacts with the Gag protein of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus. We show here that Ubc9 also interacts with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag protein and that their interaction is important for virus replication. Gag was found to colocalize with Ubc9 predominantly at perinuclear puncta. While cells in which Ubc9 expression was suppressed with RNA interference produced normal numbers of virions, these particles were 8- to 10-fold less infectious than those produced in the presence of Ubc9. The nature of this defect was assayed for dependence on Ubc9 during viral assembly, …

Wolf Use Of Summer Territory In Northeastern Minnesota, Dominic J. Demma, L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Movements of wolves (Canis lupus) during summer 2003 and 2004 in the Superior National Forest were based around homesites but included extensive use of territories. Away from homesites, wolves used different areas daily, exhibiting rotational use. Mean daily range overlap was 22% (SE = 0.02) and that of breeding wolves was significantly greater than for nonbreeders (x = 25% and 16%, respectively). Rotational use may improve hunting success. Managers seeking to remove entire packs must maintain control long enough to ensure that all pack members are targeted.

Chlorella Virus Atcv-1 Encodes A Functional Potassium Channel Of 82 Amino Acids, Sabrina Gazzarrini, Ming Kang, Alessandra Abenavoli, Giulia Romani, Claudio Olivari, Daniele Gaslini, Giuseppina Ferrara, James L. Van Etten, Michael Kreim, Stefan M. Kast, Gerhard Thiel, Anna Moroni

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Chlorella virus PBCV-1 (Paramecium bursaria chlorella virus-1) encodes the smallest protein (94 amino acids, named Kcv) previously known to form a functional K+ channel in heterologous systems. In this paper, we characterize another chlorella virus encoded K+ channel protein (82 amino acids, named ATCV-1 Kcv) that forms a functional channel in Xenopus oocytes and rescues Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants that lack endogenous K+ uptake systems. Compared with the larger PBCV-1 Kcv, ATCV-1 Kcv lacks a cytoplasmic N-terminus and has a reduced number of charged amino acids in its turret domain. Despite these deficiencies, ATCV-1 Kcv accomplishes all the major features of …

Special Issue On Evapotranspiration Measurement And Modeling, Samuel Ortega-Farias, Suat Irmak, R. H. Cuenca

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Water availability for irrigation throughout the world has been reduced in recent years due to a combination of frequent droughts and competition for water resources among agricultural, industrial, and urban users. In addition, some major agricultural areas face moderate to significant reductions of rainfall, or changes in timing of stream flow due to changes in timing of snowmelt, as a result of global climate change. Under such conditions, sophisticated irrigation water management will be required to optimize water use efficiency and maintain sufficient levels of crop productivity and quality. A key factor to achieve these targets is the estimation of …

X-Ray Fluorescence Microscopy Reveals The Role Of Selenium In Spermatogenesis, Sebastian Kehr, Mikalai I. Malinouski, Lydia Finney, Stefan Vogt, Vyacheslav M. Labunskyy, Marina V. Kasaikina, Bradley A. Carlson, You Zhou, Dolph L. Hatfield, Vadim N. Gladyshev

Vadim Gladyshev Publications

Selenium (Se) is a trace element with important roles in human health. Several selenoproteins have essential functions in development. However, the cellular and tissue distribution of Se remains largely unknown because of the lack of analytical techniques that image this element with sufficient sensitivity and resolution. Herein, we report that X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) can be used to visualize and quantify the tissue, cellular and subcellular topography of Se. We applied this technique to characterize the role of Se in spermatogenesis and identified a dramatic Se enrichment specifically in late spermatids, a pattern that was not seen in any other …

Arginine-Induced Germ Tube Formation In Candida Albicans Is Essential For Escape From Murine Macrophage Line Raw 264.7, Suman Ghosh, Dhammika H. M. L. P. Navarathna, David D. Roberts, Jake T. Cooper, Audrey L. Atkin, Thomas M. Petro, Kenneth W. Nickerson

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

The opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans is a part of the normal flora but it also causes systemic candidiasis if it reaches the bloodstream. Upon being phagocytized by macrophages, an important component of innate immunity, C. albicans rapidly upregulates a set of arginine biosynthetic genes. Arginine, urea, and CO2 induced hyphae in a density-dependent manner in wild-type, cph1/cph1, and rim101/rim101 strains but not in efg1/efg1 or cph1/cph1 efg1/efg1 strains. Arginase (Car1p) converts arginine to urea, which in turn is degraded by urea amidolyase (Dur1,2p) to produce CO2, a signal for hyphal switching. We used a dur1,2/dur1,2 mutant (KWN6) and the …

Impacts Of Insect Herbivory On Cactus Population Dynamics: Experimental Demography Across An Environmental Gradient, Tom E. X. Miller, Svata M. Louda, Karen A. Rose, James O. Eckberg

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Understanding the role of consumers in plant population dynamics is important, both conceptually and practically. Yet, while the negative effects of herbivory on plant performance have been well documented, we know much less about how individuallevel damage translates to impacts on population growth or whether spatial variation in herbivory affects patterns of plant distribution. We studied the role of insect herbivory in the dynamics and distribution of the tree cholla cactus (Opuntia imbricata), a long-lived perennial plant, across an elevational gradient in central New Mexico, USA, from low-elevation grassland (1670 m) to a grassland–mountain transition zone (1720 m) …

Blood Sampling Reduces Annual Survival In Cliff Swallows (Petrochelidon Pyrrhonota) -- La Toma De Muestras De Sangre Reduce La Supervivencia Anual En Petrochelidon Pyrrhonota, Charles R. Brown, Mary Bomberger Brown

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Researchers commonly collect blood samples from wild birds, and most workers assume that blood sampling has no adverse effect on the birds’ survival. Few studies, however, have done controlled comparisons among bled and non-bled individuals and estimated survival using modern statistical methodology. We used a data set on Cliff Swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) that included 2,945 bled and 7,822 non-bled birds captured at the same times and sites in southwestern Nebraska from 1986 to 2006 to estimate annual survival and recapture probabilities of each group. Blood was collected with brachial venipuncture in amounts varying from 0.3% to 1.2% of …

Long 3’-Utrs Target Wild-Type Mrnas For Nonsense-Mediated Mrna Decay In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Bessie W. Kebaara, Audrey L. Atkin

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

The nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway,

present in most eukaryotic cells, is a specialized

pathway that leads to the recognition and rapid

degradation of mRNAs with premature termination

codons and, importantly, some wild-type

mRNAs. Earlier studies demonstrated that aberrant

mRNAs with artificially extended 3’-untranslated

regions (3’-UTRs) are degraded by NMD. However,

the extent to which wild-type mRNAs with long

3’-UTRs are degraded by NMD is not known.

We used a global approach to identify wild-type

mRNAs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that have

longer than expected 3’-UTRs, and of these

mRNAs tested, 91% were degraded by NMD. We

demonstrate for the first …

Negative-Ion Resonances In Zinc: A Study In Elastic Electron Scattering And Electron Transmission, S. A. Napier, D. Cvejanović, Paul D. Burrow, J. F. Williams, J. A. Michejda, L. Pravica

Paul Burrow Publications

The energies, widths, and angular behavior of negative-ion resonances in zinc atoms are determined using the complementary experimental techniques of electron transmission and angular differential elastic scattering.

4f Hybridization And Band Dispersion In Gadolinium Thin Films And Compounds, Takashi Komesu, H.-K. Jeong, David Wooton, Yaroslav B. Losovyj, J. N. Crain, M. Bissen, F. J. Himpsel, J. C. Petrosky, Jinke Tang, Wendong Wang, I. N. Yakovkin, Peter A. Dowben

Peter Dowben Publications

There is interplay between intra-atomic orbital hybridization and extra-atomic hybridization in various gadolinium systems, which affects magnetic coupling and electron itinerancy (localization). The results do not always follow expectation. The experimental band structure of thin Gd(0001) films, grown on the Mo(112) surface, along the Γ − M does not agree with expectations even qualitatively. In particular, the dispersion of the gadolinium band, with strong 5d weight near 2 eV binding energy provides considerable evidence to support the case for 4f- 5d hybridization, with increasing 5d localization. On the other hand, there is also evidence of extra-atomic Gd 4f hybridization leading …

The Effect Of Defects On The Electronic Structure Of Long Chain Ferroelectric Polymers, Jie Xiao, Xin Zhou, Q. M. Zhang, Peter A. Dowben

Peter Dowben Publications

The apparent molecular density of states from combined photoemission and inverse photoemission spectroscopies is compared to the bulk conductivity and frequency dependent dielectric measurements for a variety of ferroelectric polymer poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) copolymers and terpolymers. While some extra chemical groups introduced into the PVDF long chains increase the measured conductivities at room temperature and can cause significant changes in the dielectric properties, few changes are observed in the overall experimental molecular density of states. The exception appears to be the very short polymer chains. The significance of this comparison is that profound changes can occur in the overall dielectric …

Direct Measurement Of The Mass Difference Between Top And Antitop Quarks, V. M. Abazov, Kenneth A. Bloom, Gregory Snow, D0 Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

We present a measurement of the mass difference between t and t quarks in lepton + jets final states of tt events in 1 fb^-1 of data collected with the D0 detector from Fermilab Tevatron Collider pp collisions at √s = 1.96 TeV. The measured mass difference of 3.8 ± 3.7 GeV is consistent with the equality of t and t masses. This is the first direct measurement of a mass difference between a quark and its antiquark partner.

Search For Resonant Pair Production Of Neutral Long-Lived Particles Decaying To Bb In Pp Collisions At √S = 1.96 Tev, V. M. Abazov, Kenneth A. Bloom, Gregory R. Snow, D0 Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

We report on a first search for resonant pair production of neutral long-lived particles (NLLP) which each decay to a bb pair, using 3.6 fb^-1 of data recorded with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. We search for pairs of displaced vertices in the tracking detector at radii in the range 1.6–20 cm from the beam axis. No significant excess is observed above background, and upper limits are set on the production rate in a hidden-valley benchmark model for a range of Higgs boson masses and NLLP masses and lifetimes.