Digital Commons Network^™

Endothelial Cells And Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Apoptosis, Proliferation, Interaction And Transdifferentiation, Seiichiro Sakao, Koichiro Tatsumi, Norbert F. Voelkel

VCU Health Publications

Severe pulmonary arterial hypertension, whether idiopathic or secondary, is characterized by structural alterations of microscopically small pulmonary arterioles. The vascular lesions in this group of pulmonary hypertensive diseases show actively proliferating endothelial cells without evidence of apoptosis. In this article, we review pathogenetic concepts of severe pulmonary arterial hypertension and explain the term "complex vascular lesion ", commonly named "plexiform lesion", with endothelial cell dysfunction, i.e., apoptosis, proliferation, interaction with smooth muscle cells and transdifferentiation.

Risk Factors For Human Infection With Puumala Virus, Southwestern Germany, Anne Caroline Schwarz, Ulrich Ranft, Isolde Piechotowski, James E. Childs, Stefan O. Brockmann

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Puumala virus, which causes nephropathia epidemica (NE), is the most prevalent hantavirus in Germany; bank voles serve as the main reservoir. During 2001–2007, most NE cases reported from Germany occurred in the southwestern state of Baden-Württemberg. We investigated the influence of bank vole habitats (beech forest, seed plants), vole food supply (beechnut mast), climate factors (winter and spring temperatures), and human population density on spatial and temporal occurrence of NE cases in Baden- Württemberg. Using Poisson-regression analyses, we found that all these factors influenced disease incidence. Furthermore, an independent trend of increasing incidence predicted that incidence will nearly double each …

Avian Host-Selection By Culex Pipiens In Experimental Trials, Jennifer E. Simpson, Corrine M. Folsom-O’Keefe, James E. Childs, Leah E. Simons, Theodore G. Andreadis, Maria A. Diuk-Wasser

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Evidence from field studies suggests that Culex pipiens, the primary mosquito vector of West Nile virus (WNV) in the northeastern and north central United States, feeds preferentially on American robins (Turdus migratorius). To determine the contribution of innate preferences to observed preference patterns in the field, we conducted host preference trials with a known number of adult female C. pipiens in outdoor cages comparing the relative attractiveness of American robins with two common sympatric bird species, European starling, Sternus vulgaris and house sparrow, Passer domesticus. Host seeking C. pipiens were three times more likely to enter robin-baited …

Antemortem Detection Of PrpCwd In Preclinical, Ranch-Raised Rocky Mountain Elk (Cervus Elaphus Nelsoni) By Biopsy Of The Rectal Mucosa, Terry R. Spraker, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Thomas Gidlewski, David A. Schneider, Randy Munger, Aru Balachandran, Katherine I. O'Rourke

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Antemortem biopsy of the rectal mucosa was evaluated as a method for the preclinical diagnosis of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in a herd of ranch-raised Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) quarantined because of exposure to CWD. Biopsy samples were obtained from 41 elk during the winter of 2005–2006 and from 26 elk from that herd still alive and available for testing during the winter of 2006–2007. Samples were examined for PrP^CWD, the protein marker for CWD infection, by immunohistochemistry. PrP^CWD was detected in follicles of the rectoanal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue in biopsy samples from …

Susceptibilities Of Nonhuman Primates To Chronic Wasting Disease, Brent Race, Kimberly D. Meade-White, Michael W. Miller, Kent D. Barbian, Richard Rubenstein, Giuseppe Lafauci, Larisa Cervenakova, Cynthia Favara, Donald Gardner, Dan Long, Michael Parnell, James Striebel, Suzette A. Priola, Anne Ward, Elizabeth S. Williams, Richard Race, Bruce Chesebro

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, or prion disease, that affects deer, elk, and moose. Human susceptibility to CWD remains unproven despite likely exposure to CWD-infected cervids. We used 2 nonhuman primate species, cynomolgus macaques and squirrel monkeys, as human models for CWD susceptibility. CWD was inoculated into these 2 species by intracerebral and oral routes. After intracerebral inoculation of squirrel monkeys, 7 of 8 CWD isolates induced a clinical wasting syndrome within 33–53 months. The monkeys’ brains showed spongiform encephalopathy and proteaseresistant prion protein (PrPres) diagnostic of prion disease. After oral exposure, 2 squirrel monkeys had …

Discovery Of Swine As A Host For The Reston Ebolavirus, Roger W. Barrette, Samia A. Metwally, Jessica M. Rowland, Lizhe Xu, Sherif R. Zaki, Stuart T. Nichol, Pierre E. Rollin, Jonathan S. Towner, Wun-Ju Shieh, Brigid Batten, Tara K. Sealy, Consuelo Carrillo, Karen E. Moran, Alexa J. Bracht, Gregory A. Mayr, Magdalena Sirios-Cruz, Davinio P. Catbagan, Elizabeth A. Lautner, Thomas G. Ksiazek, William R. White, Michael T. Mcintosh

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Since the discovery of the Marburg and Ebola species of filovirus, seemingly random, sporadic fatal outbreaks of disease in humans and nonhuman primates have given impetus to identification of host tropisms and potential reservoirs. Domestic swine in the Philippines, experiencing unusually severe outbreaks of porcine reproductive and respiratory disease syndrome, have now been discovered to host Reston ebolavirus (REBOV). Although REBOV is the only member of Filoviridae that has not been associated with disease in humans, its emergence in the human food chain is of concern. REBOV isolates were found to be more divergent from each other than from the …

Menorah Review (No. 71, Summer/Fall, 2009)

Menorah Review

Abraham: A Seminal Personality -- Author's Reflections -- Books in Brief: New and Notable -- Soviet History as it Unfolds -- The Talmud Revisited: Tragedy and "The Oven of Aknai" -- Tourist Heaven -- Traduttore, Traditore?

Endoplasmic Reticulum–Mitochondria Crosstalk In Nix-Mediated Murine Cell Death, Abhinav Diwan, Scot J. Matkovich, Qunying Yuan, Wen Zhao, Atsuko Yatani, Joan Heller Brown, Jeffery D. Molkentin, Evangelia G. Kranias, Gerald W. Dorn Ii

ICTS Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Human Stool Contains A Previously Unrecognized Diversity Of Novel Astroviruses, Stacy R. Finkbeiner, Lori R. Holtz, Yanfang Jiang, Priya Rajendran, Carl J. Franz, Guoyan Zhao, Gagandeep Kang, David Wang

ICTS Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Sigma-2 Receptor Ligands Potentiate Conventional Chemotherapies And Improve Survival In Models Of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma, Hiroyuki Kashiwagi, Jonathan E. Mcdunn, Peter O. Simon, Jr., Peter S. Goedegebuure, Suwanna Vangveravong, Katherine Chang, Richard S. Hotchkiss, Robert H. Mach, William G. Hawkins

ICTS Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Evolution Of A Bacterial Regulon Controlling Virulence And Mg(2+) Homeostasis, J. Christian Perez, Dongwoo Shin, Igor Zwir, Tammy Latifi, Tricia J. Hadley, Eduardo A. Groisman

ICTS Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Therapeutic Antibody Against West Nile Virus Neutralizes Infection By Blocking Fusion Within Endosomes, Bruce S. Thompson, Bastiaan Moesker, Jolanda M. Smit, Jan Wilschut, Michael S. Diamond, Daved H. Fremont

ICTS Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Saving Lives And Changing Family Histories: Appropriate Counseling Of Pregnant Women And Men And Women Of Reproductive Age, Concerning The Risk Of Radiation Exposures During And Before Pregnancy, Robert L. Brent

The Selected Works of Robert Brent

No abstract provided.

The Panopticon. Google Earth, Omnipotence And Earthly Delights, Asa Mittman

Peregrinations: Journal of Medieval Art and Architecture

No abstract provided.

Development Of The Innate Immune Response In Nestlingtree Swallows (Tachycineta Bicolor), T.R. Stambaugh

McNair Scholars Journal

The innate immune system provides an immediate, short term, first line of defense from pathogens; its appearance early in development in vertebrates is evidence of its critical importance. Even so, few studies have investigated the development of the immune response as juveniles transition into adults. Ultimately, the ability to respond to pathogens confers fitness benefits in terms of health, survival, and reproductive success, and it follows that functions such as rapid growth cannot be fully met simultaneously since energy is a limiting resource. As a result, defense mechanisms are compromised at an early age due to energy allocation to rapid …

Influence Of Direct Contact With Poultry On Acquisition Of Avian Influenza (H5n1): A Literature Review, Catherine M. Betts

International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities

Avian influenza, otherwise known as the disease associated with H5N1 virus, has been a public health concern for many years. Especially in the past decade, researchers have struggled to find effective treatments for this disease because of the severe symptoms it causes. In 1997, it was found that this virus infected both birds and humans, and the first documented case of transmission from birds to humans occurred. In 1999 in Hong Kong, further cases were documented in which poultry was responsible for transmitted the disease to humans, and it was established that poultry was the main mode of transmission of …

Anointing As The Iconic Interruption Of The Loving God, Ellen Cavanaugh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Sacrament of Anointing of the Sick has traditionally been conceived within pre-modern conceptual categories and the supporting structure or worldview of Aristotelian metaphysics. Postmodern sacramental theology suggests a reflexive reformulation, one that no longer sees the world as the transparent horizon of experiences within which the divine can be pointed out, but rather that the incompleteness and contingency of being human offers hidden glimpses of the divine. This reformulation expresses the sacrament of anointing as an experience of iconic interruption of the loving God within the context of the suffering, vulnerability, and dying of a member of the Christian …

Water Availability Directly Determines Per Capita Consumption At Two Trophic Levels, Kevin E. Mccluney, John L. Sabo

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Community ecology has long focused on energy and nutrients as currencies of species interactions. Evidence from physiological ecology and recent studies suggest that in terrestrial systems, water may influence animal behavior and global patterns of species richness. Despite these observations, water has received little attention as a currency directly influencing animal species interactions. Here, we show that the per capita interaction strength between predatory wolf spiders and their primary prey, field crickets, is strong (0.266) when predators and prey are maintained in ambient dry conditions, but is near zero (0.001) when water is provided ad libitum. Moreover, crickets consume 31-fold …

Structured Decision Making As A Conceptual Framework To Identify Thresholds For Conservation And Management, Julien Martin, Michael C. Runge, James D. Nichols, Bruce C. Lubow, William L. Kendall

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Thresholds and their relevance to conservation have become a major topic of discussion in the ecological literature. Unfortunately, in many cases the lack of a clear conceptual framework for thinking about thresholds may have led to confusion in attempts to apply the concept of thresholds to conservation decisions. Here, we advocate a framework for thinking about thresholds in terms of a structured decision making process. The purpose of this framework is to promote a logical and transparent process for making informed decisions for conservation.

Specification of such a framework leads naturally to consideration of definitions and roles of different kinds …

The Nativity Scene In The "Lives Of Mary" In The Apocrypha (Ii-Ix Cent.), The Byzantine "Lives Of The Virgin" (Vii-Xi Cent.), Medieval Women Mystics (Xii-Xiv Cent.), And Medieval "Lives" Of Jesus, Mary, And Joseph (X-Xv Cent.), Deyanira Flores

Marian Studies

No abstract provided.

Reasons For Urban Trail Use Predict Levels Of Trail-Related Physical Activity, Genevieve Dunton, Donna Spruijt-Metz, Jennifer Wolch, Chih-Ping Chou, Michael Jerrett, Jason Byrne, Susan Weaver, Kim D. Reynolds

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

Background:

Efforts to increase community levels of physical activity through the development of multiuse urban trails could be strengthened by information about factors predicting trail use. This study examined whether reasons for trail use predict levels of physical activity on urban trails.

Methods:

Adults (N = 335) living within a 1-mile buffer zone of urban trails in Chicago, Dallas, and Los Angeles completed a self-report measure assessing demographics, reason for trail use, and physical activity on the trail. Accelerometers measured total daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Environmental features of the urban trail were assessed with the Systematic Pedestrian and Cyclist …

Corporate Voting, Robert B. Thompson, Paul H. Edelman

Vanderbilt Law Review

What are we to make of shareholder voting? Delaware law presents voting as the ideological underpinning of a corporate governance system that gives directors wide control over other people's money. In the legal commentary, there are recurring descriptions of corporations as representative democracies in which New York Alumni Chancellor's Chair in Law & Professor of Management, Vanderbilt University.

.. Professor of Mathematics and Law, Vanderbilt University. We have benefited from the comments of Jeff Gordon, Sam Issacharoff, Curtis Milhaupt, Larry Ribstein, Lynn Stout, and participants at workshops at New York University, the University of Connecticut, and Emory University, colloquia at …

Annual Report Of The Town Of Alexandria, New Hampshire For The Fiscal Year Ending December 31, 2008., Alexandria Town Representatives

Alexandria, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Suffolk Journal, Vol. 69, No. 12, 1/21/2009, Suffolk Journal

Suffolk Journal

No abstract provided.

Suffolk Journal, Vol. 69, No. 19, 3/11/2009, Suffolk Journal

Suffolk Journal

No abstract provided.

Suffolk Journal, Vol. 70, No. 9, 11/11/2009, Suffolk Journal

Suffolk Journal

No abstract provided.

2009 Annual Report, The Jackson Laboratory

Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Apd2: The Updated Antimicrobial Peptide Database And Its Application In Peptide Design., Guangshun Wang, Xia Li, Zhe Wang

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

The antimicrobial peptide database (APD, http://aps.unmc.edu/AP/main.php) has been updated and expanded. It now hosts 1228 entries with 65 anticancer, 76 antiviral (53 anti-HIV), 327 antifungal and 944 antibacterial peptides. The second version of our database (APD2) allows users to search peptide families (e.g. bacteriocins, cyclotides, or defensins), peptide sources (e.g. fish, frogs or chicken), post-translationally modified peptides (e.g. amidation, oxidation, lipidation, glycosylation or d-amino acids), and peptide binding targets (e.g. membranes, proteins, DNA/RNA, LPS or sugars). Statistical analyses reveal that the frequently used amino acid residues (>10%) are Ala and Gly in bacterial peptides, Cys and Gly in plant …

Food, Fibre And Flowers, Fuelling The Economy With Innovation And Science, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Horticulture published reports

The Department of Agriculture and Food is a world leader in the rapidly growing field of agri-food and fibre research and development, providing significant benefits for Westen Australian producers, the food industry sector and consumers.

The development of value-added products through innovation and science, which deliver real opportunities for the State's agri-food export capacity, is also important.

Seven examples of the Department's science and innovation.

Oppression Through Sexualization: The Use Of Sexualization In “Going To Meet The Man” And “The Shoyu Kid”, Joe Gorman

Undergraduate Review

In a world of differences and misunderstandings, disparities and distance, there is a seemingly endless myriad of modes by which human beings categorize, segregate, and immobilize each other. History is filled with repeated instances of groups asserting themselves through any necessary means in order to retain dominance and power. In a rather unnerving way, the human race can prove to be quite creative in its tenacity to oppress. Obviously, racism and cultural repression have proven to be weapons of choice time and again. Being of a perhaps more primal and misunderstood nature, sex has also been employed as a tool …