Digital Commons Network^™

論西王母形象之轉變, Yu Chau Chong, Long Wing Chan

2008-2009

蠻野蒙昧的時代，原始人對於大自然所發生的各種現象，例如風吹雨打、 打雷閃電等，都是一無所知，因此，感到十分驚奇與敬畏，認為是有一種超人的力量在支配着大自然的一舉一動，原始人叫它做「神」，他們這種富於想像力的解釋就產生出神話。

可是隨着時代的邁進，文明程度的提高，神話也隨之變形。以西王母神話為例，據《山海經》描寫，西王母本來是一個豹尾、虎齒、蓬髮、戴勝，而司天 之厲及五殘的獰厲之神，有三青鳥為之取食。到《穆天子傳》，西王母與周穆王在瑤池中詩歌唱答，王母變成了一個氣象雍容的帝女了。《淮南子》裡，西王母變成了擁有長生不死的吉神；《漢武帝內傳》進一步成為了年三十許，容顏絕世的美人，以前的三青鳥也成了一群美麗的侍女，與漢武帝載歌載舞。

這種變化，正好用蕭兵在《神話學導論》的解釋：神話是「滿足著初民潛在的審美欲求。隨着文化的進步，它就情不自禁地由神聖的祭壇滑向快樂的歌場。不但語言本身能夠自我增殖，以語言為載體的『神話：幻想性口頭文學』更會自我擴張。」另外，也可以運用王孝廉《中國的神話與傳說‧神話與詩》對神話變化四大原因作出解釋。

現在試就西王母形象轉變的三個階段：神格化、人格化、仙話化加以作出分析與討論，從而也帶出神話與文學之間的關係。

Concert Programs 2009-2010, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Department Of Music

Concert Recordings & Programs

This is the annual compilation of music programs from the Department of Music for the time period indicated

37_1_Masthead.Pdf, Marine Ornithology

Marine Ornithology

No abstract provided.

37_2_Masthead.Pdf, Marine Ornithology

Marine Ornithology

No abstract provided.

Intradermal Delivery Of Plasmid Vegf(165) By Electroporation Promotes Wound Healing, Bernadette Ferraro, Yolmari Cruz, Domenico Coppola, Richard Heller

Bioelectrics Publications

Skin flaps are extensively used in reconstructive surgeries to repair large defects and deep wounds, but severe ischemia and necrosis often results in loss of the transplanted tissue. Thus, skin flap models are often used to study the biology of healing and necrosis of acute ischemic wounds. Delivery of exogenous vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to areas of ischemia has shown promise for promoting therapeutic angiogenesis, but its expression must be tightly regulated to avoid adverse effects. In this study, plasmid DNA encoding VEGF₁₆₅ (pVEGF) was delivered to the ischemic skin of a rat skin flap model by intradermal …

An Exploratory Study Of The Perceptions And Associated Coping Skills Of Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Rayna Ruth Mckinnon

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects between 3% and 5% of school-age children. In addition to hyperactivity, difficulty paying attention, and impulsivity, children with ADHD have been found to have lower self-perceptions than their peers who do not have ADHD. Researchers have attempted to explain why children with ADHD have lower self-perceptions. Despite these studies, little research has explored how these children perceive themselves, others, and their world from their perspective. In addition, even fewer researchers have studied how these children cope. The purpose of this study was to delve into the lives of six children with ADHD as a means of …

Influences Of Supplementing A Mannan Oligosaccharide Containing Product To Pig Diets On Sow And Weanling Pig Performance, I-Fen Hung

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

The objective of these studies was to evaluate the effect of supplying mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) to pig diets on both weanling pig and sow performances.

Nursery pigs challenged with LPS to stimulate an immune challenge had increased body temperature and respiratory rate as well as elevated serum cortisol and TNF-α concentration, MOS-supplemented pigs had a lower rectal temperature and respiratory rate which implied that MOS improves some aspect of the immune function of piglets.

MOS supplementation in sow diets during late gestation and lactation had no effect on litter size, but the piglets from MOS-fed sows were heavier at birth …

Revista Digital Amigos - Vol 19, Número 5, Aspectos Culturales, Semos Unlimited

Amigos Revista Digital

Cover 1
Contenido 2
El Año Nuevo 1
Para Comenzar con un Año Nuevo Feliz 3
Fiestas Mexicanas, Año Nuevo, Día de los Reyes Magos, Fiesta de San Antonio 4
Nuevo México: A New Mexico History Anthology 1
Más de Dos Billones de Años de la Historia Geológica en Nuevo México por el Dr. Spencer Lucas 5
Historia 2
Santa Fe Before 1608 by Michael Miller 6
History/Genealogy of Donaciano Vigil from Dr. Ronald Maestas 7
Líderes 3
Stewart Udall 8
Quotes from Stewart Udall 9
Tom Udall 10
Gobierno 1
Más Comités de la Legislatura en Nuevo México 11 …

Book Review: E-Learning And The Science Of Instruction: Proven Guidelines For Consumers And Designers Of Multimedia Learning (2nd Ed), Toni Hoberecht

LOEX Quarterly

No abstract provided.

Variation Of Failure Mechanisms Due To Geometric Changes, Kaiwalya M. Telang

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

National Minerals Policy, Minister Of Mining And Telecommunications

Latin American Energy Policies

The vision of this Policy is for a modern, diversified, efficient and attractive Minerals Industry that protects environmental integrity and socio-cultural values, adds significant value to the economy, is based largely on the manufacture and export of value-added products, has strong and properly structured institutions and co-exists with competing interests in the wider economy.

An Examination Of Differences Between Online Learning For Hispanic And Caucasian Community College Students, Edward J. Beyer

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Hispanic students are enrolling in community colleges at an increasing rate, and they do not succeed in community college online courses at a rate comparable to Caucasian students. Increasing Hispanic success in online education could potentially enhance their socioeconomic status. Drawing from the theoretical frameworks of andragogy and constructivism, the purpose of this case study was to examine differences between Hispanic and Caucasian students in online learning and identify factors that might contribute to the reported differences in success across Hispanic and Caucasian online students. Research questions contrasted the impact of course design, Internet access, learning preferences, and motivation on …

Historical Geography Of Yellagonga Regional Park, Western Australia, Susan Ujma

Theses : Honours

The principle aim of this study was to reconstruct the land use history of the Yellagonga Regional Park wetland landscape. Located approximately twenty kilometres north of Perth, covering about 1400 hectares, the Park lies within the North-West Corridor of the metropolitan area. This research, assisted by archival sources, demonstrates that prior to early European settlement the Yellagonga wetlands were quintessential summer hunting and gathering sites for the Nyoongar Aboriginal people. The wetlands were utilised for water, food gathering, hunting, corroborees and rituals that governed their tribal lives. Early European settlers, market gardeners, and later subdivision for urban development, have adversely …

Medical Conditions In Children With Down Syndrome: A Literature Review ; Changes Over Time In Medical Conditions And Service Use By Children With Down Syndrome, Kelly Thomas

Theses : Honours

Background: Children with Down syndrome experience an array of medical conditions and health care problems. Although there have been vast improvements in the medical management of these conditions, they still significantly impact on quality of life for families and children with Down syndrome. However, despite the magnitude of this problem limited literature has described the overall health status of children with Down syndrome. Aim: The purpose of this review was to describe the medical conditions commonly experienced by children with Down syndrome and to consider the clinical implications of this knowledge. Methods: Databases Medline, CINHAL and PsychINFO were electronically searched …

'Youth Ventures Into The Unknown' Developing An Individual Style Of Dance Making, Kate Herron

Theses : Honours

As a new emerging dancer and artist who is highly interested in the form of choreography, the search for knowledge and understanding of where choreography has come from as well as how to generate works have been at the forefront of my personal journey in dance. My thesis looks at and asks how the formal choreographic elements and approaches can assist new choreographers in developing an individual style of dance making? This question leads to the various approaches and elements taken from famous choreographers over time, and assesses how new emerging artists can draw from these examples as a way …

Australian Refugee Policy And Party Rhetoric In Contrast: A Study Of The Hawke/Keating And Howard Governments, Paul Mercieca

Theses : Honours

Australia's acceptance of refugees has a long and controversial history. As a nation, we have at times accommodated and accepted multitudes of various individuals of differing faiths, ethnicity and cultures into our society. Australia is indeed a cosmopolitan community of indigenous and immigrant Australian citizens that have displayed periods of welcoming refugees from war-torn states as under Malcolm Fraser's leadership in the late 1970s. Concurrently, we have actively discriminated, sometimes implicitly, although not always, against certain immigrants, including refugees from China and Papua and New Guinea during the late 1960s and early 1970s. The community's perception of refugees has often …

Andy Nuñez: His Life, Career, & Contributions, Bridgette Burbank, Jerold Widdison

Water Matters!

For years and years, reaching back well before his time in the Legislature, Rep. Nuñez has been a strong advocate not only for the state’s people but for its land and water resources.

Demographics And Habitat Selection For The Western Meadowlark (Sturnella Neglecta) In The Nebraska Sandhills, Matthew D. Giovanni

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The prairie ecosystems of the Great Plains region in North America have largely been replaced and fragmented with industrial agriculture and invasive herbaceous and woody plant species. The concurrent and large-scale suppression of wildfire and elimination of grazing by native ungulates may have further decreased the availability and quality of habitat for wildlife. Indeed, 2004 estimates indicate only 30% of historic grasslands in the Great Plains still exist, while the trends of decreased land area enrolled in the Conservation Reserve Program and increased land area in commercial agriculture indicate continued loss of habitat. This decrease in habitat availability continues to …

Pasture And Livestock Production From Saltland Pastures In The Beaufort Flats Region, West Woodanilling, John Paul Collins, Graydn Wilcox

Resource management technical reports

No abstract provided.

Public Trust In Wildlife: Two Steps Forward, Two Steps Back, The, Patrick Redmond

Natural Resources Journal

No abstract provided.

Legal Aspects Of Prior Informed Consent On Access To Genetic Resources, Kuei-Jung Ni

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Since the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) has been in force, national implementation of the access to and benefit-sharing (ABS) requirement on genetic resources has been flourishing. A requirement of prior informed consent (PIC) by the people controlling access to genetic resources constitutes a major instrument to deter illegal bioprospecting and to ensure fair access to genetic resources.

This Article aims to analyze the continuing global lawmaking on PIC and to conduct a comparative study on how genetically rich nations implement the PIC requirement with a view to examining whether the genuine mandate of the CBD has been fulfilled.

This …

Investing In Culture: Underwater Cultural Heritage And International Investment Law, Valentina S. Vadi

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Underwater cultural heritage (UCH), which includes evidence of past cultures preserved in shipwrecks, enables the relevant epistemic communities to open a window to the unknown past and enrich their understanding of history. Recent technologies have allowed the recovery of more and more shipwrecks by private actors who often retrieve materials from shipwrecks to sell them. Not all salvors conduct proper scientific inquiry, conserve artifacts, and publish the results of the research; more often, much of the salvaged material is sold and its cultural capital dispersed. Because states rarely have adequate funds to recover ancient shipwrecks and manage this material, however, …

Should Commission Of A Contemporaneous Arson, Burglary, Kidnapping, Rape, Or Robbery Be Sufficient To Make A Murderer Eligible For A Death Sentence? - An Empirical And Normative Analysis, David Mccord

Santa Clara Law Review

No abstract provided.

Medical Hope, Legal Pitfalls: Potential Legal Issues In The Emerging Field Of Oncofertility, Gregory Dolin, Dorothy E. Roberts, Lina M. Rodriguez, Teresa K. Woodruff

Santa Clara Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Spinster (2009), Hollins University

The Spinster

Yearbook of Hollins University (previously College)

Metabolic Effect Of Three Protein Levels In The Nutrition Of Alpacas (Lama Pacus) In The Experimental Station Of Brigham Young University, Rolando Freddy Uruña Tito

Theses and Dissertations

This study had the principal objective of evaluating the metabolic effect of three protein levels in the nutrition of Alpacas (Lama pacus) in the experimental stations of Brigham Young University, located in the city of Provo, Utah, U.S.A at an altitude of 13696 m.a.s.l., and geographically located at 40°12’ north latitude, and 111°43’ west longitude. The climatic characteristics of the state of Utah, particularly in the city of Provo, during the current season registered the following: 4°C of minimum average temperature, 11.4°C of an average mean temperature, and 19°C of maximum average temperature, 55% of relative humidity, and a mean …

Laadan, Theresa Mcgarry

ETSU Faculty Works

Excerpt: Laadan is a language that was designed to express women’s perceptions.

Diversity And Abundance Of Insects From The Reduviidae And Pentatomidae Families In Three Ecological Niches Of Six Communities In The Coroico And Coripata Municipalities, Department Of La Paz, Fernando Miguel Manrique Mamani

Theses and Dissertations

The Hemiptera order has 23,000 species that are distributed among many families. Two of these are the Pentatomidae and Reduviidae families. The aim of this study was to identify the different species of insects from the Reduviidae and Pentatomidae families as well as each species’ abundance in three ecological niches (forest, forest edge, and farm land). The study was conducted in six communities of Los Yungas, La Paz (Carmen Pampa, San Pablo, San Juan de la Miel, Altuspata, Choro Alto, and Choro). In each community, three Malaise traps were installed in the three ecological niches (forest, forest edge, and farm …

Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Used For Inter- And Intraspecific Differentiation Of Screwworms (Diptera: Calliphoridae), L. Alamalakala, Steven R. Skoda, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Morphologically, early immature stages of the economically important pest called screwworms, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), and non-pest secondary screwworms, Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), are nearly indistinguishable. Correct identification is crucial to the ongoing eradication and exclusion program protecting the United States, Mexico and Central America from reinvasion of screwworms persistent in South America and the Caribbean. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) polymerase chain reaction was used to differentiate populations of C. hominivorax and to discriminate them from C. macellaria. Ten primer pairs screened for interspecific discrimination of C. hominivorax from C. macellaria showed 52 discrete bands, allowing …

Evaluation Of The Time Tension Line Cutter (Ttlc) As A Whale-Safe Fishing Gear Option, Timothy S. Pickett

Master's Theses and Capstones

The Time Tension Line Cutter (TTLC) is a device designed to limit the severity of entanglement of whales, the critically endangered North Atlantic Right Whale (NARW) in particular, in passive fishing gear. In this study, an evaluation of the performance of the TTLC was conducted using a series of lobster trawl tows, as well as a pilot study to test the durability and fishability of the TTLC in real fishing situations.

The trawl tow test data were collected for 5, 10, and 20 trap trawls, consisting of end line loading and trap elevation measurements. The time to cut (TTC) was …