Digital Commons Network^™

Composting Or Stockpiling Feedlot Manure: Nutrient Concentration And Recovery, Matt K. Luebbe, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Joshua R. Benton

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Manure stockpiled anaerobically or composted aerobically for 111 days was evaluated for nutrient concentration and recovery. Recovery of dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) was not different among storage methods. The proportion of organic nitrogen (N) was greater for composted manure while ammonium N was greater in stockpiles. Recovery of N from stockpiled manure was greater than from compost when ammonium N was measured on “fresh” samples and samples dried down to simulate field application. Anaerobic stockpiling of feedlot manure provides a greater amount of N for crops and similar amounts of DM and OM.

Effect Of Dietary Cation-Anion Difference On Intake And Urinary Ph In High Concentrate Diets, Matt K. Luebbe, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Nathan Meyer

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Seven experiments evaluated the effect of basal diet and dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) on urinary and fecal pH, and DMI. Dry-matter intake(DMI) was reduced by DCAD level in dry-rolled corn basal diets but not in diets that included 20% wet distillers grains (WDGS). Urinary pH decreased with DCAD level in all experiments. Fecal pH was not influenced by either DCAD level or basal diet. Altering DCAD in concentrate diets with or without WDGS does impacturinary pH.

Limit Feeding Beef Cows With Bunkered Wet Distillers Grains Plus Solubles Or Distillers Solubles, Luke M. Kovarik, Matt K. Luebbe, Richard J. Rasby, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

An experiment was conducted using 70 cows to evaluate performance when limit limit-fed grain byproducts. Cows in the wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) treatment group and those in the distillers solubles (DS) treatment group were limit fed a diet containing 41% byproduct and 59% cornstalks. The control (CON) treatment consisted of ad libitum intake of 43% brome hay, 34% cornstalks and 23% alfalfa haylage. Cows fed WDGS were heavier compared to those in the DS and CON treatment groups. Average daily gain (ADG) tend¬ed to be greater for WDGS treatment compared to the CON treatment. These data suggest that …

Feeding Distillers Grains And E. Coli O157:H7, Terry J. Klopfenstein, David R. Smith, Galen E. Erickson, Rodney A. Moxley

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The diet of feedlot cattle may affect the bacterial population in the hindgut, includingE. coli O157:H7. Some research studies have shown a relationship between feeding of distillers grains and E. coli O157:H7 shedding. However, other studies do not show the same relationship. Our evaluation of research indicates feeding distillers grains is not related to 2007 ground beef recalls. Furthermore, interventions such as vaccination are more important than identifying various feedstuffs that may influence shedding.

Using Wet Corn Gluten Feed To Adapt Cattle To Finishing Diets, Taia Huls, Matt K. Luebbe, William Griffin, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Rick Stock

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A feedlot trial was conducted to determine if wet corn gluten feed (WCGF) instead of forage could be used to adapt cattle to finishing rations and if this is economically feasible. Treatments were applied only during grain adaptation (26 days), and all steers were finished on a common diet (147 days) containing 35% WCGF. Steers adapted using WCGF had greater ADG and lower F:G. Treatment had no effect on carcass quality. Profits were higher for steers adapted to finishing diets using WCGF rather than those adapted with alfalfa hay.

Summary Of Grazing Trials Using Dried Distillers Grains Supplementation, William Griffin, Virgil R. Bremer, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Leslie Aaron Stalker, Lyle Lomas, Joe Moyer, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A meta-analysis of grazing trials in which cattle were supplemented with dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) was conducted to determine effects of supplementation on average daily gain (ADG) and final BW in pasture grazing situations. Additionally, pen studies were evaluated to determine the effects of DDGS supplementation on cattle intake, forage replacement, ADG and final BW. In both the pasture and the pen studies, ADG and final BW increased quadratically with increased level of DDGS supplementation. Feeding DDGS decreased forage intake quadratically; however, total intake for cattle supplemented DDGS increased quadratically with increased level of supplementation.

Feeding Corn Distillers Solubles Or Wet Distillers Grains Plus Solubles And Cornstalks To Growing Calves, Mallorie Wilken, Matt K. Luebbe, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Joshua R. Benton

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A growing study compared the effects of a diet consisting of corn distillers solubles (SOL) to the effects of a diet containing corn wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) when ensiled with cornstalks (stalks). Four levels of SOL and WDGS were fed at 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% of diet DM. The effect of feeding ensiled WDGS and stalks was compared to feeding WDGS and stalks mixed fresh daily at 30% inclusion. WDGS-fed steers were more efficient than those fed solubles. Steer performance also improved with increased levels of byproducts. However, no inter¬action between byproduct and level was observed, except …

Effects Of Feeding High Levels Of Byproducts In Different Combinations To Finishing Steers, Mallorie Wilken, Matt K. Luebbe, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Joshua R. Benton

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A finishing experiment was conducted to determine the effects of feeding wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) and wet corn gluten feed (WCGF) with or without corn on feedlot performance and economics. Six treatment diets were evaluated: 1) 83% corn; 2) 44% WDGS and 44% corn; 3) 33% WDGS, 33% WCGF and corn; 4) 33% WDGS, 33% WCGF and soyhulls; 5) 44% WDGS and 44% WCGF; and 6) 66% WDGS and grass hay. The highest average daily gain (ADG) and lowest feed-to-gain ratio (F:G) were observed with cattle fed 44% WDGS and corn. The poorest ADG and F:G were ob-served …

An Economic Budget For Determining Co-Product Storage Costs, Josie Waterbury, Darrell R. Mark, Richard J. Rasby, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Co-Product STORE — Storage To Optimize Ration Expenses — is a spreadsheet designed to quantify the costs of co-product storage. It allows producers to analyze and evaluate specific storage scenarios in response to changing market conditions using different storage methods. Two storage examples (bunker and silo bag) are evaluated to illustrate how the spreadsheet estimates storage costs.

An Economic Overview Of Ethanol Co-Product Utilization In Nebraska, Josie Waterbury, Darrell R. Mark, Sarah Thoms, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

To better understand co-product utilization, inclusion rates, pricing and storage strategies, Nebraska cattle producers were surveyed regarding their co-product feeding and pricing practices. Although nearly 91% of cattle on feed in Nebraska were being fed ethanol co-products in 2007, many types of co-products were being utilized from both ethanol plants in Nebraska and surrounding states. As illustrated by the price data collected, especially those for wet distillers grains plus solubles, opportunities existed for pricing and storage strategies, although more price variation was present in the data collected from the survey as compared to the prices reported by the Agricultural Marketing …

Hydrogen Sulfide Gas Levels Post Feeding, Sarah J. Vanness, Nathan Meyer, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Dietary sulfur level is associated with hydrogen sulfide gas (H₂S) levels in the rumen. These studies quantified H₂S levels at different times post feeding with or without added iron (Fe) or copper (Cu) to bind sulfur. In addition, the correlations of ruminal pH measurements to ruminal H₂S gas levels were estimated. Correlations between ruminal pH and hydrogen sulfide levels were not large and Fe and Cu did not affect H₂S levels.

Ruminal Sulfide Levels In Corn Byproduct Diets With Varying Roughage Levels, Sarah Vanness, Nathan Meyer, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Ruminally fistulated steers with wireless pH probes were utilized to quantify ruminal pH plus hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) levels produced at different times post feeding and to determine the effect of roughage level in high byproducts diets on hydrogen sulfide production. Because of variation in H₂S levels, ruminal pH was not related to high H₂S levels. When treatment means were used, pH and H₂S levels were highly correlated. We observed lower H₂S levels in diets with 7.5% or 15% grass hay compared with no roughage.

Thanks Ivan Rush

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Dr. Ivan Rush, as you retire, those of us in the Department of Animal Science reflect on your remarkable career. We also wish to say, “Thanks!” Ivan, thanks for 35 years of making us look good. To many of Nebraska’s cattlemen, you are the person who comes to mind when UNL is mentioned. Fortunately for us, your reputation for knowledge is based both on soundly designed experiments and the wisdom of practical experience with cattle. You have earned the respect of cattlemen in Nebraska, in nearby states, and even overseas. Thanks for your contributions to the development of computer programs …

Moving Beyond Weight As The Only Predictor Of Breeding Readiness: Using A Breeding Maturity Index, Matthew Stockton, Roger K. Wilson, Richard N. Funston, Leslie Aaron Stalker, Dillon Feuz

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A maturity index (MI) was developed using data from Gudmundsen Sandhills Laboratory to predict a heifer’s optimal size for breeding. It was developed from observable information such as age, feeding regime, pre-breeding, birth and dam weights. The MI was the most precise predictor of actual percentage of mature weight versus using estimates developed from the herd’s estimated average weight or the dam’s mature weight. The MI also was a more accurate predictor of first pregnancy than the typically applied measure.

The Effects Of Breeding Maturity On Dystocia And Rebreeding Of The Primiparous Beef Female, Matthew Stockton, Roger K. Wilson, Richard N. Funston

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Maturity Index (MI) was used in a Probit regression as an explanatory variable of dystocia, where dystocia was used in a Probit regression as an explanatory variable of rebreeding rates of primiparous cows from data collected on replacement heifers from the Gudmundsen Sandhills Laboratory. Dystocia was found to decrease from about 40% to 13% for heifers when the MI increased from 53 to 70, supporting the notion that maturity reduces the incidence of dystocia, resulting in an increase in the second pregnancy rate.

Statistics Used In The Nebraska Beef Report And Their Purpose

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The purpose of beef cattle and beef product research at UNL is to provide reference information that represents the various populations (cows, calves, heifers, feeders, carcasses, retail products, etc.) of beef production. Obviously, the researcher cannot apply treatments to every member of a population; therefore, he or she must sample the population. The use of statistics allows the researcher and readers of the Nebraska Beef Report the opportunity to evaluate separation of random (chance) occurrences and real biological effects of a treatment. Following is a brief description of the major statistics used in the beef report. For a more detailed …

Effect Of Wet Distillers Grain Feeding Supplemented With Vitamin E On Case Life Of Beef, Lasika S. Senaratne, Chris R. Calkins, Amilton S. De Mello Jr., Gary A. Sullivan, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Aged (7 and 28 days) strip loins (m. Longissimus lumborum) from 90 yearling steers were used to assess the effect of supplemental vitamin E in diets containing wet distillers grains (WDG) with or without distillers solubles on surface discoloration of steaks during retail display. The greatest negative effects occurred as a result of aging, followed by the presence of solubles and then by the level of WDG. As discoloration increased, the importance of vitamin E in reducing discoloration also increased. Feeding WDG diets supplemented with vitamin E mitigates the surface discoloration of aged beef strip loin steaks during retail …

Trichostatin A Inhibits Corneal Haze In Vitro And In Vivo, Ajay Sharma, Maneesh M. Mehan, Sunilima Sinha, John W. Cowden, Rajiv R. Mohan

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

PURPOSE. Trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, has been shown to suppress TGF- –induced fibrogenesis in many nonocular tissues. The authors evaluated TSA cytotoxicity and its antifibrogenic activity on TGF- –driven fibrosis in the cornea with the use of in vitro and in vivo models.

METHODS. Human corneal fibroblasts (HSFs) were used for in vitro studies, and New Zealand White rabbits were used for in vivo studies. Haze in the rabbit cornea was produced with photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) using excimer laser. Trypan blue exclusion and MTT assays evaluated TSA cytotoxicity to the cornea. Density of haze in the rabbit …

Study Of Mercury Transformation With Chlorinated Species Under Homogeneous And Heterogeneous Conditions, Bhargavi Busireddy

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Mercury (Hg) transformation under homogeneous (gas-phase oxidation reactions primarily involving chlorine species in flue gases) and heterogeneous (gas-surface oxidation reactions involving surface enhanced Hg oxidation in the presence of flue gases) environments were investigated. Gas phase experiments were performed in the presence of chlorine sources such as Cl2 and HCl. A large body of literature studies indicates that during combustion in coal-fired power plants coal mineral matter components play a major role in Hg transformation. Surface activity of these components with respect to Hg adsorption and overall Hg removal were evaluated using a laboratory-scale, fixed bed flow reactor where initial …

Surface Catalyzed Mercury Transformation Reactions, Patanjali Varanasi

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Studies Of Fatty Acid Binding Protein In Rat Liver And The Isolation, Purification, Characterization Of Fabp From Pork Liver, Durga Soujanya Varre

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Resolution Based Bit-Stream Parser For The Jpeg-2000 Encoding Standard, Nicholas P. Vicen

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Exhibiting Culture In Legal Settings: Courts, Agencies, And Tribes, Allison M. Dussias

Tulsa Law Review

This paper was presented at the 2009 Native American Law Symposium.

The Modern Crusade: An Investigation Of The International Conflict Between Church And State, Mark A. Levine

California Western International Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Ant Colony Optimization As A Method For Strategic Genotype Sampling, Matthew L. Spangler, K. R. Robbins, J. Keith Bertrand, M. Macneil, R. Rekaya

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

A simulation study was carried out to develop an alternative method of selecting animals to be genotyped. Simulated pedigrees included 5000 animals, each assigned genotypes for a bi-allelic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) based on assumed allelic frequencies of 0.7/ 0.3 and 0.5/0.5. In addition to simulated pedigrees, two beef cattle pedigrees, one from field data and the other from a research population, were used to test selected methods using simulated genotypes. The proposed method of ant colony optimization (ACO) was evaluated based on the number of alleles correctly assigned to ungenotyped animals (AKP), the probability of assigning true alleles (AKG) …

A Citizen's Guide To Understanding Hampton Falls Land Use Regulations That Protect Critical Water Resources, Hampton Falls Conservation Commission

PREP Reports & Publications

No abstract provided.

Constitution And Strategy: Understanding Canadian Power In The World, Irvin Studin

Comparative Research in Law & Political Economy

In this article, Irvin Studin provides a wide-ranging audit of Canada's Constitution, broadly defined, to distill an original picture of Canadian strategic power in the world. Whereas Canadian constitutional scholarship and jurisprudence are typically rooted in considerations of federalism and Charter rights, this article attempts to usher in a 'third school' of Canadian constitutional discourse exercised by the relationship between the Constitution and strategy - that is, the ways in which the Constitution explains and informs the federal state's capacity to pursue strategic interests in the world. The said audit focuses on the constitutional treatment of the diplomatic and military …

International Trade And The Environment: What Is The Role Of The Wto?, Dominic Gentile

Fordham Environmental Law Review

No abstract provided.

University Of New Hampshire R+30 Headcounts Of Majors By College And Gender Unh - Durham Degree Candidates Only Fall 2008, University Of New Hampshire. Institutional Research And Assessment

UNH Factbooks

University of New Hampshire factbook data from the 2008-2009 academic year

Associate Degree Completions, 1999-2008, University Of New Hampshire. Institutional Research And Assessment

UNH Factbooks

University of New Hampshire factbook data from the 2008-2009 academic year