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2008

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Spatial And Temporal Differences In Giant Kidney Worm, Dictophyma Renale, Prevalence In Minnesota Mink, Mustela Vison, L. David Mech Jan 2008

Spatial And Temporal Differences In Giant Kidney Worm, Dictophyma Renale, Prevalence In Minnesota Mink, Mustela Vison, L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Examination of 110 Mink (Mustela vison) carcasses from 1998 through 2007 indicated that the giant kidney worm, Dioctophyma renale, occurred in Pine and Kanabec Counties of eastern Minnesota with annual prevalences of 0-92%. Worm prevalence increased from 20% in 1999 to 92% in 2001 and decreased to 6% in 2005. During 2000 to 2007, no worms were found in Mink from Anoka and Chisago Counties (n = 54), and in 2000, none in 107 Mink from LeSeur, Freeborn, Redwood, Brown and Watonwan Counties. Changes in kidney worm prevalence were positively related to trapping success, considered an index …

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Small-Molecule Cd4 Mimics Interact With A Highly Conserved Pocket On Hiv-1 Gp120, Navid Madani, Arne Schön, Amy M. Princiotto, Judith M. Lalonde, Joel R. Cpurter, Takahiro Soeta, Danny Ng, Liping Wang, Evan T. Brower, Shi-Hua Xiang, Young Do Kwon, Chih-Chin Huang, Richard Wyatt, Peter D. Kwong, Ernesto Freire, Amos B. Smith Iii, Joseph Sodroski Jan 2008

Small-Molecule Cd4 Mimics Interact With A Highly Conserved Pocket On Hiv-1 Gp120, Navid Madani, Arne Schön, Amy M. Princiotto, Judith M. Lalonde, Joel R. Cpurter, Takahiro Soeta, Danny Ng, Liping Wang, Evan T. Brower, Shi-Hua Xiang, Young Do Kwon, Chih-Chin Huang, Richard Wyatt, Peter D. Kwong, Ernesto Freire, Amos B. Smith Iii, Joseph Sodroski

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) interaction with the primary receptor, CD4, induces conformational changes in the viral envelope glycoproteins that allow binding to the CCR5 second receptor and virus entry into the host cell. The small molecule NBD-556 mimics CD4 by binding the gp120 exterior envelope glycoprotein, moderately inhibiting virus entry into CD4-expressing target cells, and enhancing CCR5 binding and virus entry into CCR5-expressing cells lacking CD4. Studies of NBD-556 analogues and gp120 mutants suggest that: 1) NBD-556 binds within the Phe 43 cavity, a highly conserved, functionally important pocket formed as gp120 assumes the CD4- bound conformation; 2) the NBD-556 …

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2007 Ade Award Recipients Jan 2008

2007 Ade Award Recipients

Documentary Editing: Journal of the Association for Documentary Editing (1979–2011)

Julian P. Boyd Award: Gary E. Moulton; Lyman H. Butterfield Award: Beth Luey; Distinguished Service Award: Philander D. Chase; Boydston Essay Prize: Raymond Stephanson; Life Service Award: John P. Kaminski

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Humor And Its Hazards: Editing The Papers Of Will Rogers, Steven K. Gragert Jan 2008

Humor And Its Hazards: Editing The Papers Of Will Rogers, Steven K. Gragert

Documentary Editing: Journal of the Association for Documentary Editing (1979–2011)

Almost from the opening day of the Memorial, discussion began about publishing Rogers’s collected works. An early one-volume effort appeared in 1949. Author and magazine editor Donald Day literally cut and pasted several of Will’s newspaper and other writings—retyped versions, fortunately—to produce the chronologically sequenced The Autobiography of Will Rogers, published by Houghton Mifflin. Other trade books and assorted academic studies came into print over the next several years, but no serious attempt was made to collect and edit his published works.That is, until 1967. In March of that year, Paula Love, the curator of the Memorial since its opening, …

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Geographical And Climatic Limits Of Needle Types Of One- And Two-Needled Pinyon Pines, Kenneth L. Cole, Jessica Fisher, Samantha T. Arundel, John Cannella, Sandra Swift Jan 2008

Geographical And Climatic Limits Of Needle Types Of One- And Two-Needled Pinyon Pines, Kenneth L. Cole, Jessica Fisher, Samantha T. Arundel, John Cannella, Sandra Swift

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Aim The geographical extent and climatic tolerances of one- and two-needled pinyon pines (Pinus subsect. Cembroides) are the focus of questions in taxonomy, palaeoclimatology and modelling of future distributions. The identification of these pines, traditionally classified by one- versus two-needled fascicles, is complicated by populations with both one- and two-needled fascicles on the same tree, and the description of two more recently described one-needled varieties: the fallax-type and californiarum-type. Because previous studies have suggested correlations between needle anatomy and climate, including anatomical plasticity reflecting annual precipitation, we approached this study at the level of the anatomy …

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Introgression And Dispersal Among Spotted Owl (Strix Occidentalis) Subspecies, W. Chris Funk, Eric D. Forsman, Thomas D. Mullins, Susan M. Haig Jan 2008

Introgression And Dispersal Among Spotted Owl (Strix Occidentalis) Subspecies, W. Chris Funk, Eric D. Forsman, Thomas D. Mullins, Susan M. Haig

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Population genetics plays an increasingly important role in the conservation and management of declining species, particularly for defining taxonomic units. Subspecies are recognized by several conservation organizations and countries and receive legal protection under the US Endangered Species Act (ESA). Two subspecies of spotted owls, northern (Strix occidentalis caurina) and Mexican (S. o. lucida) spotted owls, are ESA-listed as threatened, but the California (S. o. occidentalis) spotted owl is not listed. Thus, determining the boundaries of these subspecies is critical for effective enforcement of the ESA. We tested the validity of previously recognized spotted …

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Range-Wide Phylogeographic Analysis Of The Spotted Frog Complex (Rana Luteiventris And Rana Pretiosa) In Northwestern North America, W. Chris Funk, Christopher A. Pearl, Hope M. Draheim, Michael J. Adams, Thomas D. Mullins, Susan M. Haig Jan 2008

Range-Wide Phylogeographic Analysis Of The Spotted Frog Complex (Rana Luteiventris And Rana Pretiosa) In Northwestern North America, W. Chris Funk, Christopher A. Pearl, Hope M. Draheim, Michael J. Adams, Thomas D. Mullins, Susan M. Haig

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The dynamic geological and climatic history of northwestern North America has made it a focal region for phylogeography. We conducted a range-wide phylogeographic analysis of the spotted frog complex (Rana luteiventris and Rana pretiosa) across its range in northwestern North America to understand its evolutionary history and the distribution of clades to inform conservation of R. pretiosa and Great Basin R. luteiventris, candidates for listing under the US Endangered Species Act. Mitochondrial DNA sequence data from a segment of the cytochrome b gene were obtained from 308 R. luteiventris and R. pretiosa from 96 sites. Phylogenetic analysis …

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Movements Of Wintering Dunlin Calidris Alpina And Changing Habitat Availability In An Agricultural Wetland Landscape, Oriane W. Taft, Peter M. Sanzenbacher, Susan M. Haig Jan 2008

Movements Of Wintering Dunlin Calidris Alpina And Changing Habitat Availability In An Agricultural Wetland Landscape, Oriane W. Taft, Peter M. Sanzenbacher, Susan M. Haig

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Few studies have assessed how the dynamics of wetland bird movements relate to changing resource availability, particularly at more than one spatial scale. Within western Oregon’s Williamette Valley, we examined winter resident Dunlin Calidris alpina movements in relation to a decrease in availability of preferred shorebird foraging habitat from early to late winter of 1999–2000. By tracking movements of 15 (early winter) and 12 (late winter) radiomarked individuals, we calculated home ranges and characterized presence/absence of a preference for shorebird foraging habitat during each winter period. Between periods, we compared: (1) percentage of shorebird habitat in home ranges to its …

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Winter Cover Crops And Vinegar For Early-Season Weed Control In Sustainable Cotton, P. J. Moran, S. M. Greenberg Jan 2008

Winter Cover Crops And Vinegar For Early-Season Weed Control In Sustainable Cotton, P. J. Moran, S. M. Greenberg

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Weeds may be suppressed by winter cover crops and the use of organic herbicides such as vinegar. Black oat (Avena strigosa) and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) winter cover crops were planted for 2 years as part of a sustainable production system for cotton in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas, and were till-killed each spring prior to cotton planting. Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri), common purslane (Portulaca oleracea), and sunflower (Helianthus annuus) were frequently-encountered winter and spring weeds. Both cover crops controlled winter weeds as well as did winter tillage …

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A Landscape Perspective In Managing Vegetation For Beneficial Plant-Pestnatural Enemy Interactions: A Foundation For Areawide Pest Management, Michael J. Brewer, Takuji Noma, Norman C. Elliott Jan 2008

A Landscape Perspective In Managing Vegetation For Beneficial Plant-Pestnatural Enemy Interactions: A Foundation For Areawide Pest Management, Michael J. Brewer, Takuji Noma, Norman C. Elliott

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

In the USA, Europe and increasingly in other regions, cropping systems designed for high production output are significant features of the landscape. Deployment of mechanized and high-input cropping systems over the last 50 years has resulted in substantial transformation and fragmentation of major grassland, shrubland and woodland systems throughout the world. These cropping systems are typically less diverse in species composition, structure and ecological functioning than those found in the original plant community (Altieri, 2004). Decreases in plant diversity of agroecosystems (i.e. the crops themselves and surrounding remnants of the original plant system) have negatively affected ecosystem functions (Freemark, 2005). …

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Management And Conservation Note: Conserving Waste Rice For Wintering Waterfowl In The Mississippi Alluvial Valley, Jennifer P. Kross, Richard M. Kaminski, Aaron T. Pearse Jan 2008

Management And Conservation Note: Conserving Waste Rice For Wintering Waterfowl In The Mississippi Alluvial Valley, Jennifer P. Kross, Richard M. Kaminski, Aaron T. Pearse

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The Mississippi Alluvial Valley (MAV), USA, is an internationally important migration and wintering region for North American waterfowl (Reinecke et al. 1989). The Lower Mississippi Valley Joint Venture (LMVJV) assumes food availability is the primary factor influencing carrying capacity of wintering waterfowl in this region (Reinecke and Loesch 1996). Because much of the MAV was converted from a seasonally flooded bottomland-hardwood ecosystem to a landscape dominated by agriculture, the LMVJV has incorporated estimates of the abundance of agricultural seeds such as rice into habitat conservation plans (Reinecke et al. 1988, Fredrickson et al. 2005). Biologists designed these plans to provide …

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Tools And Technology Article: Evaluation Of An Aerial Survey To Estimate Abundance Of Wintering Ducks In Mississippi, Aaron T. Pearse, Stephen J. Dinsmore, Richard M. Kaminski, Kenneth J. Reinecke Jan 2008

Tools And Technology Article: Evaluation Of An Aerial Survey To Estimate Abundance Of Wintering Ducks In Mississippi, Aaron T. Pearse, Stephen J. Dinsmore, Richard M. Kaminski, Kenneth J. Reinecke

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Researchers have successfully designed aerial surveys that provided precise estimates of wintering populations of ducks over large physiographic regions, yet few conservation agencies have adopted these probability-based sampling designs for their surveys. We designed and evaluated an aerial survey to estimate abundance of wintering mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), dabbling ducks (tribe Anatini) other than mallards, diving ducks (tribes Aythini, Mergini, and Oxyurini), and total ducks in western Mississippi, USA. We used design-based sampling of fixed width transects to estimate population indices (/), and we used model-based methods to correct population indices for visibility bias and estimate population abundance (N) for 14 …

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Comparison Of The Usgs 2001 Nlcd To The 2002 Usda Census Of Agriculture For The Upper Midwest United States, S. K. Maxwell, E. C. Wood, A. Janus Jan 2008

Comparison Of The Usgs 2001 Nlcd To The 2002 Usda Census Of Agriculture For The Upper Midwest United States, S. K. Maxwell, E. C. Wood, A. Janus

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 2001 National Land Cover Database (NLCD) was compared to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) 2002 Census of Agriculture. Wecompared areal estimates for cropland at the state and county level for 14 States in the Upper Midwest region of the United States. Absolute differences between the NLCD and Census cropland areal estimates at the state level ranged from 1.3% (Minnesota) to 37.0% (Wisconsin). The majority of counties (74.5%) had differences of less than 100 km2. 7.2% of the counties had differences of more than 200 km2. Regions where the largest areal differences occurred were in …

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Apparent Tolerance Of Turkey Vultures (Cathartes Aura) To The Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Diclofenac, Barnett A. Rattner, Maria A. Whitehead, Grace Gasper, Carol U. Meteyer, William A. Link, Mark A. Taggart, Andrew A. Meharg, Oliver H. Pattee, Deborah J. Pain Jan 2008

Apparent Tolerance Of Turkey Vultures (Cathartes Aura) To The Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Diclofenac, Barnett A. Rattner, Maria A. Whitehead, Grace Gasper, Carol U. Meteyer, William A. Link, Mark A. Taggart, Andrew A. Meharg, Oliver H. Pattee, Deborah J. Pain

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac is extremely toxic to Old World Gyps vultures (median lethal dose ~0.1–0.2 mg/kg), evoking visceral gout, renal necrosis, and mortality within a few days of exposure. Unintentional secondary poisoning of vultures that fed upon carcasses of diclofenac-treated livestock decimated populations in the Indian subcontinent. Because of the widespread use of diclofenac and other cyclooxygenase-2 inhibiting drugs, a toxicological study was undertaken in turkey vultures (Cathartes aura) as an initial step in examining sensitivity of New World scavenging birds. Two trials were conducted entailing oral gavage of diclofenac at doses ranging from 0.08 to …

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Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 Induces Cell Death By A Cell Type Dependent Fashion, Vicki Geiser, Suzanne Rose, Clinton J. Jones Jan 2008

Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 Induces Cell Death By A Cell Type Dependent Fashion, Vicki Geiser, Suzanne Rose, Clinton J. Jones

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1), a member of the alpha-herpesvirinae subfamily, causes significant losses to the cattle industry. BHV-1 establishes latency in trigeminal ganglionic sensory neurons, but periodically reactivates from latency. Previous studies suggested that infection with BHV-1 induced novel morphological changes in rabbit skin cells (RS) versus bovine kidney cells (MDBK). Consequently, we hypothesized that viral infection led to a novel form of cell death in RS cells compared to MDBK cells. To test this hypothesis, we examined the levels of apoptosis in these cell types following infection with BHV-1. Infection of RS, but not MDBK, cells leads to high …

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The Interaction Between Kshv Rta And Cellular Rbp-Jκ And Their Subsequent Dna Binding Are Not Sufficient For Activation Of Rbp-Jκ, Anil Papugani, Tricia Coleman, Clinton J. Jones, Luwen Zhang Jan 2008

The Interaction Between Kshv Rta And Cellular Rbp-Jκ And Their Subsequent Dna Binding Are Not Sufficient For Activation Of Rbp-Jκ, Anil Papugani, Tricia Coleman, Clinton J. Jones, Luwen Zhang

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) replication and transcription activator (RTA) is necessary and sufficient for the switch from KSHV latency to lytic replication. RTA activates promoters by several mechanisms. RTA can bind to sequences in viral promoters and activate transcription. In addition, RTA interacts with the cellular recombination signal sequence-binding protein-J kappa (RBP- Jκ), a transcriptional repressor, converts the repressor into an activator and activates viral promoters via RBP- Jκ. Because RBP- Jκ is required for RTA to activate lytic replication, it is important to understand how RTA cooperates with RBP- Jκ protein to activate KSHV lytic replication program. Previously, we …

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Premature Expression Of The Latency-Related Rna Encoded By Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 Correlates With Higher Levels Of Beta Interferon Rna Expression In Productively Infected Cells, Sandra Perez, Florencia Meyer, Kazima Saira, Alan R. Doster, Clinton J. Jones Jan 2008

Premature Expression Of The Latency-Related Rna Encoded By Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 Correlates With Higher Levels Of Beta Interferon Rna Expression In Productively Infected Cells, Sandra Perez, Florencia Meyer, Kazima Saira, Alan R. Doster, Clinton J. Jones

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) is an important pathogen that can initiate bovine respiratory disease complex. Like other members of the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, BHV-1 establishes latency in sensory neurons. The latency-related (LR) gene expresses a family of alternatively spliced transcripts in infected sensory neurons that have the potential to encode several LR proteins. An LR mutant virus that contains three stop codons near the 5’ terminus of the first open reading frame in the LR gene does not express two LR proteins or reactivate from latency. In addition, the LR mutant virus induces higher levels of apoptosis in trigeminal …

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A Methodology For Assessing Rural Livelihood Strategies In West/Central Africa: Lessons From The Field, Ruth Malleson, Stella Asaha, Terry Sunderland, Philip Burnham, Martins Egot, Kwaku Obeng-Okrah, Imabong Ukpe, Wendy Miles Jan 2008

A Methodology For Assessing Rural Livelihood Strategies In West/Central Africa: Lessons From The Field, Ruth Malleson, Stella Asaha, Terry Sunderland, Philip Burnham, Martins Egot, Kwaku Obeng-Okrah, Imabong Ukpe, Wendy Miles

Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)

This paper critically evaluates and discusses some of the methodological practicalities of applying a combined participatory and small-scale survey approach to investigating rural livelihood strategies of people living in the humid forest zone of Southwest Cameroon, Southeast Nigeria and Southwest Ghana, with particular reference to assessing the economic importance of non-timber forest products. It describes the sampling methods used to select study zones, settlements and households as well as the participatory techniques and instruments used to differentiate households and gather information on rural incomes. Details of the successes and problems encountered during implementation are presented. The challenges faced by those …

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Influence Of Fipronil Compounds And Rice-Cultivation Land-Use Intensity On Macroinvertebrate Communities In Streams Of Southwestern Louisiana, Usa, Scott V. Mize, Stephen D. Porter, Dennis K. Demcheck Jan 2008

Influence Of Fipronil Compounds And Rice-Cultivation Land-Use Intensity On Macroinvertebrate Communities In Streams Of Southwestern Louisiana, Usa, Scott V. Mize, Stephen D. Porter, Dennis K. Demcheck

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Laboratory tests of fipronil and its degradation products have revealed acute lethal toxicity at very low concentrations (LC50) of <0.5 μg/L to selected aquatic macroinvertebrates. In streams draining basins with intensive rice cultivation in southwestern Louisiana, USA, concentrations of fipronil compounds were an order of magnitude larger than the LC50. The abundance (p=-0.64; p=0.015) and taxa richness (r2=0.515, p<0.005) of macroinvertebrate communities declined significantly with increases in concentrations of fipronil compounds and rice-cultivation land-use intensity. Macroinvertebrate community tolerance scores increased linearly (r2=0.442, p < 0.005) with increases in the percentage of rice cultivation in the basins, indicating increasingly degraded stream conditions. Similarly, macroinvertebrate community-tolerance scores increased rapidly as fipronil concentrations approached about 1 μg/L. Pesticide toxicity index determinations indicated that aquatic macroinvertebrates respond to a gradient of fipronil compounds in water although stream size and habitat cannot be ruled out as contributing influences.

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Comparison Of Total Mercury And Methylmercury Cycling At Five Sites Using The Small Watershed Approach, James B. Shanley, M. Alisa Mast, Donald H. Campbell, George R. Aiken, David P. Krabbenhoft, Randall J. Hunt, John F. Walker, Paul F. Schuster, Ann Chalmers, Brent T. Aulenbach, Norman E. Peters, Mark Marvin-Dipasquale, David W. Clow, Martin M. Shafer Jan 2008

Comparison Of Total Mercury And Methylmercury Cycling At Five Sites Using The Small Watershed Approach, James B. Shanley, M. Alisa Mast, Donald H. Campbell, George R. Aiken, David P. Krabbenhoft, Randall J. Hunt, John F. Walker, Paul F. Schuster, Ann Chalmers, Brent T. Aulenbach, Norman E. Peters, Mark Marvin-Dipasquale, David W. Clow, Martin M. Shafer

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The small watershed approach is well-suited but underutilized in mercury research. We applied the small watershed approach to investigate total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) dynamics in streamwater at the five diverse forested headwater catchments of the US Geological Survey Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) program. At all sites, baseflow THg was generally less than 1 ng L-1 and MeHg was less than 0.2 ng L-1. THg and MeHg concentrations increased with streamflow, so export was primarily episodic. At three sites, THg and MeHg concentration and export were dominated by the particulate fraction in association with …

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Evolutionary And Structural Analyses Of Alpha-Papillomavirus Capsid Proteins Yields Novel Insights Into L2 Structure And Interaction With L1, John Lowe, Debasis Panda, Suzanne Rose, Ty Jensen, Willie Hughes, For Yue Tso, Peter C. Angeletti Jan 2008

Evolutionary And Structural Analyses Of Alpha-Papillomavirus Capsid Proteins Yields Novel Insights Into L2 Structure And Interaction With L1, John Lowe, Debasis Panda, Suzanne Rose, Ty Jensen, Willie Hughes, For Yue Tso, Peter C. Angeletti

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Background: PVs (PV) are small, non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses that have been identified as the primary etiological agent for cervical cancer and their potential for malignant transformation in mucosal tissue has a large impact on public health. The PV family Papillomaviridae is organized into multiple genus based on sequential parsimony, host range, tissue tropism, and histology. We focused this analysis on the late gene products, major (L1) and minor (L2) capsid proteins from the family Papillomaviridae genus Alpha-papillomavirus. Alpha-PVs preferentially infect oral and anogenital mucosa of humans and primates with varied risk of oncogenic transformation. Development of evolutionary associations between …

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Early Childhood Infection By Human Herpesvirus 8 In Zambia And The Role Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Coinfection In A Highly Endemic Area, Veenu Minhas, Kay L. Crabtree, Ann Chao, Tendai J. M'Sola, Chipepo Kankasa, Marc Bulterys, Charles D. Mitchell, Charles Wood Jan 2008

Early Childhood Infection By Human Herpesvirus 8 In Zambia And The Role Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Coinfection In A Highly Endemic Area, Veenu Minhas, Kay L. Crabtree, Ann Chao, Tendai J. M'Sola, Chipepo Kankasa, Marc Bulterys, Charles D. Mitchell, Charles Wood

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Kaposi’s sarcoma occurs at high incidence among Zambian adults and children, but there is a paucity of data on human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) incidence and routes of infection, especially in children. Between 1998 and 2004, the authors conducted a prospective study of viral transmission in a cohort of 684 children in Lusaka, Zambia, to estimate the annual incidence of HHV-8 from birth through 48 months of age. Maternal and pediatric human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection status was also determined. The results, based on 1,532 child-years of follow-up, showed that HHV-8 seroconversion occurs early in life. The incidence rate …

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The Overmyer Mastodon (Mammut Americanum) From Fulton County, Indiana, Neal Woodman, Jon W. Branstrator Jan 2008

The Overmyer Mastodon (Mammut Americanum) From Fulton County, Indiana, Neal Woodman, Jon W. Branstrator

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

In June 1978 the partial skeleton of an American mastodon, Mammut americanum, was salvaged from a drainage ditch in Fulton County, north-central Indiana. The remains were recovered mostly from ca. 170–260 cm below the current land surface in marl overlain by peat and peaty marl. The stratigraphy of the site indicates that the remains were deposited in a small, open-water pond that subsequently filled. The skeleton, which is 41–48% complete, is that of a mature female, ca. 30–34 y old at death based on dental eruption and wear. Postcranial bone measurements indicate that this individual was relatively large for …

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Effectiveness Of Lethal, Directed Wolf-Depredation Control In Minnesota, Elizabeth Harper, William J. Paul, L. David Mech, Sanford Weisberg Jan 2008

Effectiveness Of Lethal, Directed Wolf-Depredation Control In Minnesota, Elizabeth Harper, William J. Paul, L. David Mech, Sanford Weisberg

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Wolf (Canis lupus) depredations on livestock in Minnesota, USA, are an economic problem for many livestock producers, and depredating wolves are lethally controlled. We sought to determine the effectiveness of lethal control through the analysis of data from 923 government-verified wolf depredations from 1979 to 1998. We analyzed the data by 1) assessing the correlations between the number of wolves killed in response to depredations with number of depredations the following year at state and local levels, and 2) the time to the next depredation. No analysis indicated that trapping wolves substantially reduced the following year’s depredations at …

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Ecosystem Services Derived From Wetland Conservation Practices In The United States Prairie Pothole Region With An Emphasis On The U.S. Department Of Agriculture Conservation Reserve And Wetlands Reserve Programs, Robert A. Gleason, Murray K. Laubhan, Brian A. Tangen, Kevin E. Kermes Jan 2008

Ecosystem Services Derived From Wetland Conservation Practices In The United States Prairie Pothole Region With An Emphasis On The U.S. Department Of Agriculture Conservation Reserve And Wetlands Reserve Programs, Robert A. Gleason, Murray K. Laubhan, Brian A. Tangen, Kevin E. Kermes

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Contents:

Chapter A Background and Approach to Quantification of Ecosystem Services By Robert A. Gleason and Murray K. Laubhan

Chapter B Plant Community Quality and Richness By Murray K. Laubhan and Robert A. Gleason

Chapter C Carbon Sequestration By Robert A. Gleason, Brian A. Tangen, and Murray K. Laubhan

Chapter D Floodwater Storage By Robert A. Gleason and Brian A. Tangen

Chapter E Reduction of Sedimentation and Nutrient Loading By Brian A. Tangen and Robert A. Gleason

Chapter F Proposed Approach to Assess Potential Wildlife Habitat Suitability on Program Lands By Murray K. Laubhan, Kevin E. Kermes, and Robert A. …

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Spatial Dynamics Of Overbank Sedimentation In Floodplain Systems, Aaron R. Pierce, Sammy L. King Jan 2008

Spatial Dynamics Of Overbank Sedimentation In Floodplain Systems, Aaron R. Pierce, Sammy L. King

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Floodplains provide valuable social and ecological functions, and understanding the rates and patterns of overbank sedimentation is critical for river basin management and rehabilitation. Channelization of alluvial systems throughout the world has altered hydrological and sedimentation processes within floodplain ecosystems. In the loess belt region of the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley of the United States, channelization, the geology of the region, and past land-use practices have resulted in the formation of dozens of valley plugs in stream channels and the formation of shoals at the confluence of stream systems. Valley plugs completely block stream channels with sediment and debris and …

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Linking Ecosystem Processes With Wetland Management Goals: Charting A Course For A Sustainable Future, Ned H. Euliss Jr., Loren M. Smith, Douglas A. Wilcox, Bryant A. Browne Jan 2008

Linking Ecosystem Processes With Wetland Management Goals: Charting A Course For A Sustainable Future, Ned H. Euliss Jr., Loren M. Smith, Douglas A. Wilcox, Bryant A. Browne

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Wetland management in the United States has never been as challenging as in today’s highly modified landscape. Initially, wetland science and management emerged as professions in response to widespread conversion of wetlands to other uses and concerns over negative impacts on wildlife populations, especially migratory birds. Consequently, wetland management was focused on wildlife, and the initial management technique was simply to protect wetlands. However, extensive conversion of lands for agricultural and urban expansion over the past 60 years has modified ecosystem processes at the landscape scale sufficiently to compromise wetland management activities on adjacent lands dedicated to conservation. Moreover, society …

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Integrated Modelling Frameworks For Environmental Assessment And Decision Support, A. E. Rizzoli, G. Leavesley, J. C. Ascough Ii, R. M. Argent, I. N. Athanasiadis, V. Brilhante, F. H. A. Claeys, O. David, M. Donatelli, P. Gijsbers, D. Havlik, A. Kassahun, P. Krause, N. W. T. Quinn, H. Scholten, R. S. Sojda, F. Villa Jan 2008

Integrated Modelling Frameworks For Environmental Assessment And Decision Support, A. E. Rizzoli, G. Leavesley, J. C. Ascough Ii, R. M. Argent, I. N. Athanasiadis, V. Brilhante, F. H. A. Claeys, O. David, M. Donatelli, P. Gijsbers, D. Havlik, A. Kassahun, P. Krause, N. W. T. Quinn, H. Scholten, R. S. Sojda, F. Villa

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

As argued in Chapter 1, modern management of environmental resources defines problems from a holistic and integrated perspective, thereby imposing strong requirements on Environmental Decision Support Systems (EDSSs) and Integrated Assessment Tools (IATs). These systems and tools tend to be increasingly complex in terms of software architecture and computational power in order to cope with the type of problems they must solve. For instance, the discipline of Integrated Assessment (IA) needs tools that arc able to span a wide range of disciplines, from socio-economics to ecology to hydrology. Such tools must support a wide range of methodologies and techniques like …

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Time Perspectivism, Temporal Dynamics, And Battlefield Archaeology: A Case Study From The Santiago Campaign Of 1898, William E. Altizer Jan 2008

Time Perspectivism, Temporal Dynamics, And Battlefield Archaeology: A Case Study From The Santiago Campaign Of 1898, William E. Altizer

Nebraska Anthropologist

Given the unique ability of archaeology to illuminate temporal processes, archaeologists have begun employing a number of theoretical models to understand the nature of these processes, and the ways in which the modern archaeological landscape retains their physical traces. Battlefields, as discrete temporal events taking place in physical settings with their own history, offer an intriguing avenue to explore archaeological temporality. This paper reviews the ways in which archaeologists have employed the Annales approach and time perspectivism, and considers a case study in battlefield archaeology - the 1898 battlefield of EI Caney, Cuba.

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The "How" Of The Three Sisters: The Origins Of Agriculture In Mesoamerica And The Human Niche, Amanda J. Landon Jan 2008

The "How" Of The Three Sisters: The Origins Of Agriculture In Mesoamerica And The Human Niche, Amanda J. Landon

Nebraska Anthropologist

The origins of agriculture· in Mesoamerica have long interested archaeologists and antiquarians alike. The approaches used to understand the origins of the three sisters, maize, beans and squash, have changed over time as our understanding of the ecological context and ethnographic influences have changed. In this paper, I examine the history of the study of the origins of agriculture and assess the current evolutionary and ecological approaches to the topic. In Mesoamerica, the three sisters and humans shared a co evolutionary relationship in which humans invited the plants into the human niche and the plants thrived. Over time, the plants …

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