Digital Commons Network^™

Role Of Models For Building An Efficient Monitoring Design, Marina G. Erechtchoukova, Peter A. Khaiter

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Efficient assessment of water quality requires an integrated approach incorporating such tools as sampling programs supplying data for statistically valid assessment along with watershed and water quality models which are used to transform the collected data into information. It is important to quantify and possibly to reduce the uncertainty of the information supplied by a monitoring system. The paper describes the algorithm for an efficient temporal monitoring design for data collection at a given site of a fixed station tiered monitoring system. The algorithm takes into account features of models used to obtain estimates of investigated water quality indicators. Efficiency …

A New Approach For River Exploration : River Mesta Case Study For Qualitative Modeling Sustainable Development, E. Nakova, B. Bredeweg, P. Salles

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The general objective of NaturNet-Redime project is to support sustainable development byimproving knowledge about all aspects of sustainability and provide education mainlyabout environmental, social and economic tools for implementation of the EU strategy onsustainable development at both EU and international levels.This paper describes the progress towards developing a qualitative reasoning model ofsustainable development issues in River Mesta Bulgaria, following a standardizedframework for conceptual description of qualitative reasoning case studies. ( Bredeweg,2006).

A Library Of Model Fragments On Sustainability, P. Salles, B. Bredeweg, E. Cioaca, E. Nakova, A. Zitek, R. A. A. Noble

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

This paper describes the implementation of a Library of model fragments that integrates different models and captures essential concepts for understanding sustainable development related issues, presented in meaningful ways as simulations (Salles and Bredeweg, 2007). Input models to the Library come from the NaturNet – Redime1 Project case studies and from models about the Millennium Development Goals (Salles, 2005). As the Library includes a broad range of knowledge from different disciplines and a large number os scenarios and model fragments, it is necessary to create handles to explore the Library and to select clusters of concepts that may be used …

Actors And Factors – Bridging Social Science Findings And Urban Land Use Change Modeling, Dagmar Haase, S. Kabisch, A. Haase, Tatiana Filatova, A. Van Der Veen, T. Totzer, W. Loibl, S. Scatasta, Sophie Schetke, A. Zuin, F. Von Walter

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Recent uneven land use dynamics in urban areas resulting from demographic change, economic pressure and the cities’ mutual competition in a globalising world challenge both scientists and practitioners, among them social scientists, modellers and spatial planners. Processes of growth and decline specifically affect the urban environment, the requirements of the residents on social and natural resources. Social and environmental research is interested in a better understanding and ways of explaining the interactions between society and landscape in urban areas. And it is also needed for making life in cities attractive, secure and affordable within or despite of uneven dynamics. The …

Has The Ict Revolution Run Its Course?, Kenneth I. Carlaw, R. G. Lipsey, Ryan Webb

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

We assess the contention that the force of the ICT revolution was spent when the dotcom bubble burst. We identify the fundamental principle of flexible machine logic, the use of which distinguishes the group of modern ICTs ⎯ the electronic computer, the Internet and some related technologies ⎯ that make up the GPT of programmable computing networks (PCNs) and that have driven the ICT revolution. We seek to place PCN on two logistic trajectories that describe its evolving efficiency and applications. We argue that PCN still has significant scope for increasing its efficiency, that it is still creating an undiminished …

The Carbon-Land Model Intercomparison Project (C-Lamp): A Protocol And Evaluation Metrics For Global Terrestrial Biogeochemistry Models, Forrest M. Hoffman, James T. Randerson, Inez Y. Fung, Peter E. Thornton, Yen-Huei “Jeff” Lee, Curtis C. Covey, Gordon B. Bonan, Steven W. Running

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Described here is a protocol and accompanying metrics for evaluation of scientificmodel performance of global terrestrial biogeochemistry models. Developed under the guise ofthe NCAR Community Climate System Model (CCSM) Biogeochemistry Working Group, theCarbon-Land Model Intercomparison Project (C-LAMP) experimental protocol improves and expandsupon the Coupled Carbon Cycle-Climate Model Intercomparison Project (C4MIP) Phase1 protocol. However, unlike traditional model intercomparisons, C-LAMP has established scientificmodel performance metrics based upon comparison against best-available satellite- andground-based measurements. Moreover, C-LAMP has partnered with the U.S. Department of Energy’sProgram for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) to collect, archive,and distribute—via the Earth System Grid (ESG)—model results from C-LAMP …

Integration Of Sensor Networks And Decision Support Tools For Basin-Scale, Real-Time Water Quality Management, N. W. T. Quinn

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Recent advances in sensor technologies and the steep decline in the cost of developing and operating sensor networks have led to an explosion of environmental applications. Real-time telemetry access to the environmental monitoring data produced by these sensor networks can now provided reliably and cheaply. However development of the institutional and administrative structures that turn this torrent of real-time data into information that informs decisions is more challenging - examples of successful sensor network projects that support decision-making at the basin-scale level are few. In this paper some of the challenges faced in making sensor networks an integral part of …

Modelling External Intrusion Into Water Distribution Systems, P. A. López, J. J. Mora, V. Fuertes, F. J. Martínez

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

This article describes the representation of pathogen intrusion in waterdistribution systems through experimental and numerical modelling, in order to study one ofthe phenomena which can cause contamination of drinking water through leakage inside thenetworks. This situation can happen when negative pressure conditions are achieved in thesystem, allowing the entrance of water around a leak and thus generating pathogenintrusion, causing a problem of water quality. The modelling process is based onexperimental and computational procedures. On the other hand, we present an analysis ofthe behaviour of intrusion considering the transportation of pollutant again by means ofexperimental measurements and computational simulations.

Business As Usual: The Roberts Court's Continued Neglect Of Adequacy And Equity Concerns In American Education, Osamudia R. James

South Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

To Infinity And Beyond: The Problem Of Open-Ended Product Claim Language In The Unpredictable Arts,, John P. Zimmer

South Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

Weak Competition Among Tropical Tree Seedlings: Implications For Species Coexistence, C. E.Timothy Paine, Kyle E. Harms, Stefan A. Schnitzer, Walter P. Carson

Faculty Publications

The intensity of competition among forest tree seedlings is poorly understood, but has important ramifications for their recruitment and for the maintenance of species diversity. Intense competition among seedlings could allow competitively dominant species to exclude subordinate species. Alternatively, the low density and small stature of forest tree seedlings could preclude intense interseedling competition. In this case, other processes, such as size-asymmetric competition with adults, interactions with consumers, or neutral dynamics would prevail as those structuring the forest understory. We tested the intensity of, and potential for, intraspecific competition among tree seedlings of three species (Brosimum alicastrum, Matisia cordata, and …

Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutases In Developing Cotton Fibers: Evidence For An Extracellular Form, Hee Jin Kim, Naohiro Kato, Sunran Kim, Barbara Triplett

Faculty Publications

Hydrogen peroxide and other reactive oxygen species are important signaling molecules in diverse physiological processes. Previously, we discovered superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in extracellular protein preparations from fiber-bearing cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seeds. We show here, based on immunoreactivity, that the enzyme is a Cu/Zn-SOD (CSD). Immunogold localization shows that CSD localizes to secondary cell walls of developing cotton fibers. Five cotton CSD cDNAs were cloned from cotton fiber and classified into three subfamilies (Group 1: GhCSD1; Group 2: GhCSD2a and GhCSD2b; Group 3: GhCSD3 and GhCSD3s). Members of Group 1 and 2 are expressed throughout fiber development, but predominant …

The Cytoplasmic Terminus Of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Glycoprotein B Is Not Essential For Virion Egress And Infectivity, R. Subramanian, O. D'Auvergne, Haixia Kong, K. G. Kousoulas

Faculty Publications

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)-encoded glycoprotein B (gB) is an important determinant of viral infectivity and virion egress. A small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based strategy was devised to inhibit KSHV gB gene expression. Transient cotransfection of plasmids constitutively expressing gB and anti-gB siRNAs in 293 cells substantially inhibited gB mRNA levels and protein production. Similarly, transient expression of siRNAs into the primary effusion lymphoma cell line BCBL-1 caused a substantial reduction of gB transcripts and protein synthesis. TaqMan real-time PCR assays against the lytic KSHV gene ORF59 and infectivity assays on 293 cells were employed to assess the effect of inhibiting gB …

Expressed Cdnas From Embryonic And Larval Stages Of The Horn Fly (Diptera: Muscidae), F. D. Guerrero, S. E. Dowd, V. M. Nene, L. D. Foil

Faculty Publications

We used an expressed sequence tag approach to initiate a study of the genome of the horn fly, Hematobia irritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae). Two normalized cDNA libraries were synthesized from RNA isolated from embryos and first instars from a field population of horn flies. Approximately 10,000 clones were sequenced from both the 5′ and 3′ directions. Sequence data from each library was assembled into a database of tentative consensus sequences (TCs) and singletons and used to search public protein databases and annotate the sequences. Additionally, the sequences from both the egg and larval libraries were combined into a single database …

Enough Already? Linking Science, Geography, Mathematics, And Sociology Through Population Study, Roxanne Greitz Miller, Lilian M. Were

Education Faculty Articles and Research

In several previous Issues In-Depth columns, science topics deeply affected by population size--such as climate change, fuel and agricultural resources, and ecology--have been discussed. In this column, we will discuss the issue of population growth in developed and developing countries, why this is an important topic to discuss with young adolescents, and how interdisciplinary connections can be made between science and several other subject areas through an examination of populations across the globe.

Focal Point, Volume 22 Number 02, Portland State University. Regional Research Institute

Research and Training Center - Focal Point

This issue of Focal Point—through a consideration of personal, lived experience as well as practice and research—examines the mutual impact of caregiver and child mental health, and highlights practical strategies to promote positive outcomes for children and caregivers who experience mental health difficulties.

Sociology Of Islam & Muslim Societies, Newsletter No. 2, Tugrul Keskin, Gary Wood

Sociology of Islam & Muslim Societies Newsletter

Table of Contents:

• Feminism in Kuwait by Meredith Katz
• Research Abstracts and Updates: Babak Rahimi on Public Islam in Iraq; Thomas Pierret on Ulema in Modern Islam; CESS 2008 Islam Panel Neo-Imperialism and the Promotion of Democracy in Central Asia; and ASA 2008, Boston Islam and Muslim Societies Panels and Roundtables

Feeding Behaviour Of The Columbretes Lizard Podarcis Atrata, In Relation To Isopoda (Crustaceae) Species: Ligia Italica And Armadillo Officinalis, Aurora M. Castilla, Bieke Vanhooydonck, Alessandro Catenazzi

Publications

The lizard Podarcis atrata, endemic to the Columbretes archipelago (Mediterranean, Spain) occupies very small islands characterized by extreme aridity and a reduced availability of potential insect prey. The results of an experimental study have shown that adult lizards offered individuals of Ligia italica and Armadillo officinalis (marine and terrestrial isopods, respectively) consumed at high frequencies; with males consuming them at significantly higher frequencies than females. The results are discussed in light of the importance of the inclusion of marine prey into the diet in arid insular ecosystems.

Entry And Trafficking Of Human Papillomavirus Type 31 Into Human Keratinocytes, Jessica L. Smith

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are small, nonenveloped double stranded DNA viruses that display a strict species and cell type tropism for human epithelial cells. The association between high-risk HPV types and cervical cancer is well established. Additionally, HPVs have been implicated as cofactors in development of several other epithelial cancer types. The difficulty associated with producing infectious HPV stocks, coupled with the complexity of detecting infection using standard virological methods has hindered research into some basic aspects of HPV biology. Recent advances have allowed for the production of high yield stocks of HPV particles for use in infectivity studies and has …

11th International Coral Reef Symposium Abstracts, Bernhard Riegl (Editor), Richard E. Dodge (Editor)

ICRS Conference Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Sbe Notícias, Ano 3, No. 91, July 1, 2008, Marcelo A. Rasteiro, Delci K. Ishida

SBE Notícias

1º CAPED e a espeleologia desportiva - Caverna do Diabo é reaberta à visitação - Congresso da Sociedade Cubana: primeira circular - Cinema subterrâneo: Abismo do Medo II, Caótica Ana e Viagem ao Centro da Terra - Morcegos, nossos anjos alados - Idoso é mordido por morcego com raiva - Batfino em DVD - Morcego-pescador em Porto Alegre - Foto do Leitor: Gruta dos Morcegos II (SP-499)

Louisiana Agriculture Summer, 2008, Lsu Agcenter

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

Seminaphthofluorones Are A Family Of Water-Soluble, Low Molecular Weight, Nir-Emitting Fluorophores, Youjun Yang, Mark Lowry, Xiangyang Xu, Jorge O. Escobedo, Martha Sibrian-Vazquez, Lisa Wong, Corin M. Schowalter, Timothy J. Jensen, Frank R. Fronczek, Isiah M. Warner, Robert M. Strongin

Faculty Publications

A readily accessible new class of near infrared (NIR) molecular probes has been synthesized and evaluated. Specific fluorophores in this unique xanthene based regioisomeric seminaphthofluorone dye series exhibit a combination of desirable characteristics including (i) low molecular weight (339 amu), (ii) aqueous solubility, and (iii) dual excitation and emission from their fluorescent neutral and anionic forms. Importantly, systematic changes in the regiochemistry of benzannulation and the ionizable moieties afford (iv) tunable deep-red to NIR emission from anionic species and (v) enhanced Stokes shifts. Anionic SNAFR-6, exhibiting an unusually large Stokes shift of ≈200 nm (5,014 cm-1) in aqueous buffer, embodies …

Dna Protection By Histone-Like Protein Hu From The Hyperthermophilic Eubacterium Thermotoga Maritima, Anirban Mukherjee, Abimbola O. Sokunbi, Anne Grove

Faculty Publications

In mesophilic prokaryotes, the DNA-binding protein HU participates in nucleoid organization as well as in regulation of DNA-dependent processes. Little is known about nucleoid organization in thermophilic eubacteria. We show here that HU from the hyperthermophilic eubacterium Thermotoga maritima HU bends DNA and constrains negative DNA supercoils in the presence of topoisomerase I. However, while binding to a single site occludes ∼35 bp, association of T. maritima HU with DNA of sufficient length to accommodate multiple protomers results in an apparent shorter occluded site size. Such complexes consist of ordered arrays of protomers, as revealed by the periodicity of DNase …

Temperature Sensitivity And Cell Division Defects In An Escherichia Coli Strain With Mutations In Yghb And Yqja, Encoding Related And Conserved Inner Membrane Proteins, Kandi Thompkins, Ballari Chattopadhyay, Ying Xiao, Margaret C. Henk, William T. Doerrler

Faculty Publications

Ludox density gradients were used to enrich for Escherichia coli mutants with conditional growth defects and alterations in membrane composition. A temperature-sensitive mutant named Lud135 was isolated with mutations in two related, nonessential genes: yghB and yqjA. yghB harbors a single missense mutation (G203D) and yqjA contains a nonsense mutation (W92TGA) in Lud135. Both mutations are required for the temperature-sensitive phenotype: targeted deletion of both genes in a wild-type background results in a strain with a similar phenotype and expression of either gene from a plasmid restores growth at elevated temperatures. The mutant has altered membrane phospholipid levels, with elevated …

Botanicals As Epigenetic Modulators For Mechanisms Contributing To Development Of Metabolic Syndrome, Heather Kirk, William T. Cefalu, David Ribnicky, Zhijun Liu, Kenneth J. Eilertsen

Faculty Publications

Epigenetics refers to heritable changes in gene expression that are not attributable to changes in DNA sequence and impacts many areas of applied and basic biology including developmental biology, gene therapy, somatic cell nuclear transfer, somatic cell reprogramming, and stem cell biology. Epigenetic changes are known to contribute to aging in addition to multiple disease states. Epigenetic changes can be influenced by environmental factors that in turn can be inherited by daughter cells during cell division and can also be inherited through the germ line. Thus, it is intriguing to consider that epigenetics, in general, may play a role in …

A Game Approach To Teach Environmentally Benign Manufacturing In The Supply Chain, Donna M. Qualters, Jacqueline A. Isaacs, Thomas P. Cullinane, Jay Laird, Ann Mcdonald

International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning

Multidisciplinary models of education are needed to prepare students for their role in a global work environment. Combined with this need is the reality of the new Millennial Generation entering the educational system with a different approach to learning. This paper introduces an interactive, educational engineering game designed to appeal to the Millennial Generation’s learning preferences. Shortfall is a prototype board game with a team approach and a trial and error methodology to introduce students to environmentally benign manufacturing in the supply chain using the automobile industry as a model. After playing the game, quantitative analysis showed that on average, …

Summer 2008, University Of North Dakota Alumni Association

ALL: UND Alumni Review Master List

Summer 2008 issue of "The University of North Dakota Alumni Review." 48 pages

Volume 91, Number 2

Research With Decisionally Incapacitated Human Subjects: An Argument For A Systemic Approach To Risk-Benefit Assessment, Carl H. Coleman

Indiana Law Journal

The amount of medical research with persons who lack decision-making capacity is rapidly increasing, but in most states it takes place without clear legal authority. In addition to creating significant liability risks for researchers and persons who provide consent on behalf of incapacitated subjects, the lack of explicit legal standards means that few, if any, safeguards exist to protect incapacitated persons' rights and welfare. Previous efforts to close the gap between clinical reality and legal requirements have failed in part because they have not provided a coherent or persuasive ethical justification for permitting this research. This Article seeks to fill …

Reincarnating The “Major Questions” Exception To Chevron Deference As A Doctrine Of Non-Interference (Or Why Massachusetts V. Epa Got It Wrong), Abigail R. Moncrieff

Law Faculty Articles and Essays

This Article proceeds as follows. Part I describes the birth of the major questions exception in MCI and Brown & Williamson and the death of the exception in Massachusetts. Part II identifies the three forms of the major questions rule that the Court and the literature have proposed to date and rejects all three, concluding that the rule ought not to be reincarnated if it cannot also be reformed. Part III proposes the noninterference form of the Chevron exception, demonstrating its foundations in the history of the major questions cases and demonstrating its similarities to other noninterference rules. Part IV …