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Examining Unused Pharmaceuticals In The Environment, Ilene Sue Ruhoy
Examining Unused Pharmaceuticals In The Environment, Ilene Sue Ruhoy
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
Unused pharmaceuticals take an unhealthy toll on both the environment and human health. In the US alone, an estimated {dollar}1 billion of prescription drugs are thrown away each year. Increasing availability, marketing, and purchasing of both prescription and over-the-counter medications, coupled with the tendency of patients to discontinue use of and to stockpile drugs at home, is a unique problem that has garnered increasing attention among scientists, policymakers, and the media in the last ten years; These accumulated household drugs become unused pharmaceutical waste. This waste must be discarded and disposed of by the consumer. Historically, consumers have been instructed …
Estimates At Infinity For Positive Solutions To Problems Involving The P-Laplacian, Ralph W Thomas
Estimates At Infinity For Positive Solutions To Problems Involving The P-Laplacian, Ralph W Thomas
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
There has been much study of finding positive solutions to various logistic problems involving the Laplacian and the p-Laplacian; problems which, loosely speaking, contain a nonlinear term that behaves like lambdau p-1(1 - u gamma); In this paper we will first look for positive solutions to -Dpu=ax lup-2u-a xgu x∈RN 0.3 where g(s) behaves like sgamma-1, gamma > p, for s large. We will employ many of the same methods as Costa, Drabek and Tehrani, and in doing so will not only prove the existence of positive (weak) solutions, but will also have estimates for the behavior of these solutions at …
The Development Of A Replicable Model For Implementation Of A High School Minimum Competency Program, Nils Golden Bayles
The Development Of A Replicable Model For Implementation Of A High School Minimum Competency Program, Nils Golden Bayles
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
Problem. A twenty year decline on college entrance examination test scores achieved by high school students and two massive national studies of education in the United States, the Coleman Report and the National Assessment of Educational Progress, highlighted a nationwide concern about student.
Veterans' Needs Survey For The University Of Nevada, Las Vegas, And The University Of Nevada, Reno, Denis Patrick Rudd
Veterans' Needs Survey For The University Of Nevada, Las Vegas, And The University Of Nevada, Reno, Denis Patrick Rudd
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
This study was designed to survey the needs of the veteran populations at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas and the University of Nevada, Reno, in order to provide them with the necessary resources for successful completion of their college curriculum. A secondary purpose was to determine whether or not there was a significant difference between the perceived needs of veterans and combat veterans; The areas of study were: (1) educational needs; (2) financial needs, (3) counseling needs; and (4) veteran administration needs. The veterans were asked to respond to the Nevada Veterans Survey Form. 519 forms were utilized from …
The Effect Of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Based Photodynamic Therapy And Photochemical Internalization Of Bleomycin On The F98 Rat Glioma Cell Line, Khishigzaya Kharkhuu
The Effect Of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Based Photodynamic Therapy And Photochemical Internalization Of Bleomycin On The F98 Rat Glioma Cell Line, Khishigzaya Kharkhuu
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
The F98 rat glioma cell line, a model for human malignant glioma, was used to investigate the efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) under varying light irradiation conditions. Cells in monolayer were pre-incubated in ALA for 4 hours prior to 635 nm light exposure. Using clonogenic survival assays, it was found that F98 glioma cells were sensitive to ALA-PDT: survival was inversely proportional to light fluence. As evidenced from the LD50 (4 J cm-2 at a fluence rate of 35 mW cm-2), ALA-PDT was found to be more effective in F98 cells compared to that found in another …
Microbial-Mediated Removal Of Acrylamide From Canal Systems, Stephanie Kay Labahn
Microbial-Mediated Removal Of Acrylamide From Canal Systems, Stephanie Kay Labahn
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
Acrylamide (AMD), a neurotoxin and suspected carcinogen, is present up to 0.05% in linear anionic polyacrylamide (PAM) which is being evaluated as a canal sealant across the western United States. The capacity of canal microorganisms to facilitate AMD degradation was examined to constrain risks of PAM applications. AMD degradation under simulated groundwater flow was determined with soil column tests (repacked and soil cores) and spiked bottle tests verified microbial degradation under in situ and ex situ conditions. Results of the repacked columns indicate AMD degradation in the presence of competing substrates with half-lives ranging from 0.9 to 3.12 hours. Soil …
The Lost Promise Of Heaven: An Examination Of Gender In Children's Literature, 1790--1830, Ea Nicole Madrigal
The Lost Promise Of Heaven: An Examination Of Gender In Children's Literature, 1790--1830, Ea Nicole Madrigal
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
The United States republic can be defined by its cultural, social, and political change. Historians like Linda Kerber contend that this moment magnified gender difference. This was in fact a time that gender expectations were further defined. However, representations of gender in children's literature indicate that although some stories illustrated different roles and expectations for male and female readers, there were other stories that emphasized similarities between all children; Analogous to Susan Juster's findings from this period that men and women described religious conversion experiences similarly, religious children's literature detailed the spiritual commonalities of boys and girls. Gender was insignificant …
Cognitive Processing In Women With Dyspareunia: What Is More Salient, The Pain Or The Sex?, Lea Thaler
Cognitive Processing In Women With Dyspareunia: What Is More Salient, The Pain Or The Sex?, Lea Thaler
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
A debate exists in the literature over whether dyspareunia should be classified as a sexual dysfunction or as a pain disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. We do not know, however, the extent to which women with this disorder experience it as more of a pain problem, or more of a sexual problem, or whether both aspects are equally salient. Cognitive methodologies have been informative in the study of sexual information and stimulus processing. By examining visual attention and basic memory for pain- and sex-related words, this study aimed to elucidate whether there was a differential …
Activation Of Platelet-Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase By Proinflammatory Mediators, Mohammed Abdel-Al
Activation Of Platelet-Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase By Proinflammatory Mediators, Mohammed Abdel-Al
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
Inflammation is a highly complex and beneficial response of the host innate immune system often characterized by redness or swelling of the infected area as a result of an injurious stimulus. The principal purpose of the inflammatory response is to rid the infected area of the noxious stimulus and hasten host recovery. Though the inflammatory response is both necessary and beneficial, if left unregulated, it can exact a devastating toll on the host. Thus, an understanding of the various mediators that are able to evoke an inflammatory response and the signaling of these mediators is crucial. One such mediator, central …
Evaluation Of Photodynamic Therapy-Induced Edema In The Rat Brain Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging, David Chighvinadze
Evaluation Of Photodynamic Therapy-Induced Edema In The Rat Brain Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging, David Chighvinadze
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
Failure of treatment for high-grade gliomas is usually due to local recurrence at the site of surgical resection indicating that a more aggressive form of local therapy should be used. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) shows promising results in the treatment of gliomas as it has been shown to cause significant destruction of tumor cells through localized necrosis and/or apoptosis. An unfortunate complication of this therapy is the induction of cerebral edema which causes increased intracranial pressure and associated morbidity. A potential solution is the administration of steroids to reduce PDT-induced edema, associated morbidity, and mortality in treated animals. In the research …
Effects Of Pavement Macrotexture On Pm(10) Emissions From Paved Roads, Swarup China
Effects Of Pavement Macrotexture On Pm(10) Emissions From Paved Roads, Swarup China
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
This study compares two methods for measuring pavement macrotexture and investigates the influence of paved road macrotexture on paved road PM 10 emissions originating both from soil erosion and deposition, and from tire, brake and asphalt wear. Macrotexture was measured using the ASTM Sand patch method and the Digital Surface Roughness Meter (DSRM). PM 10 emissions were estimated using AP-42 sampling and measured with a Mini-PI-SWERL(TM); DSRM and sand patch mean texture depths (MTDs) were well-correlated. Silt-normalized ambient PM10 emissions variations were partially explained by pavement macrotexture. PM10 emissions experiments using controlled silt loadings showed good correlations with pavement macrotexture. …
Colonization And Invasion Of A Lake Drawdown In The Mojave Desert, Stephanie Dianne Gayvert
Colonization And Invasion Of A Lake Drawdown In The Mojave Desert, Stephanie Dianne Gayvert
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
I examined the colonization patterns of plants in the drawdown zone of Lake Mead. There was an increase in the mean number of species over time as well as differences in the colonization patterns of two non-native plant species, Brassica tournefortii and Tamarix ramosissima. I also examined the impact of germination order on competition between B. tournefortii and four native species under controlled environmental conditions and found effects of germination order on both aboveground and belowground biomass for all species in the study. These results can aid management of the Lake Mead drawdown zone by providing an overview of how …
Interleukin-10 Inhibits Cytokine-Mediated Synergistic Release Of Interleukin-6 In Astrocytoma Cells, Liliya V Harizanova
Interleukin-10 Inhibits Cytokine-Mediated Synergistic Release Of Interleukin-6 In Astrocytoma Cells, Liliya V Harizanova
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
Astrocytes respond to pro-inflammatory cytokines such as, interleukin-1 (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha). However, the mechanisms in which IL-1beta and TNF-alpha mediate cell's signaling need further investigation; In previous research, the effects of y-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on IL-1 and TNF-alpha signaling pathway were studied. GABA was unable to suppress IkappaB-alpha degradation and the phosphorylation of p38 by IL-1beta and TNF-alpha. However, it was suggested that GABA may be able to inhibit IL-6 release by reducing the rate of IkappaB-alpha degradation; Another cytokine, IL-10, which is well known in literature to have anti-inflammatory effects, is investigated in this study. This …
Optimal Foraging Theory And Early Archaic Plant Use At North Creek Shelter, Sara C Hill
Optimal Foraging Theory And Early Archaic Plant Use At North Creek Shelter, Sara C Hill
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
Optimal Foraging Theory has received considerable intellectual criticism since its use as an archaeological tool for understanding human behavior. In this thesis, I will evaluate Optimal Foraging Theory with an empirical test from North Creek Shelter, an archaeological site located in the Escalante Basin on the northern portion of the Colorado Plateau. This test will focus on plant utilization by the early Archaic occupants of the site. An environmental reconstruction for the Escalante Basin will be used to determine the range and quantity of plant resources available to the early Archaic occupants of North Creek Shelter. Then a botanical assemblage …
Selling Civil Defense: The Politics And Commerce Of Preparedness, 1950--1963, Angela Christine Moor
Selling Civil Defense: The Politics And Commerce Of Preparedness, 1950--1963, Angela Christine Moor
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
This thesis, by examining how business, government, and civic leaders promoted civil defense, shows how a policy of self-help merged the roles of citizen and consumer and how family-centered preparedness equated the survival of the nuclear family with the victory of the US in the Cold War. Civil defense officials helped reinforce messages about gender roles by stressing the value of nuclear families and the crucial role each family member played in the defense of America. Public information campaigns emphasized the importance of free enterprise and privatization by endorsing a policy of self-help for American families whereby individual families were …
Self-Stabilizing K-Clustering In Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Priyanka Vemula
Self-Stabilizing K-Clustering In Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Priyanka Vemula
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
In this thesis, two silent self-stabilizing asynchronous distributed algorithms are given for constructing a k-clustering of a connected network of processes. These are the first self-stabilizing solutions to this problem. One algorithm, FLOOD, takes O( k) time and uses O(k log n) space per process, while the second algorithm, BFS-MIS-CLSTR, takes O(n) time and uses O(log n) space; where n is the size of the network. Processes have unique IDs, and there is no designated leader. BFS-MIS-CLSTR solves three problems; it elects a leader and constructs a BFS tree for the network, constructs a minimal independent set, and finally a …
Numerical Study Of High Temperature Bayonet Heat Exchanger And Decomposer For Hydrogen Production, Vijaisri Nagarajan
Numerical Study Of High Temperature Bayonet Heat Exchanger And Decomposer For Hydrogen Production, Vijaisri Nagarajan
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
This thesis deals with the development of a three-dimensional computational model of high temperature heat exchanger and decomposer for hydrogen production by the sulfur iodine thermochemical water splitting cycle. The present study is concerned with the use of a bayonet type heat exchanger that is a silicon carbide integrated decomposer (SID) which decomposes sulfuric acid to produce sulfur dioxide, oxygen and water. The Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) Integrated Decomposer is a SiC based design concept that uses a SID for boiling, superheating and decomposing functions where the temperatures are above 250°C; From the literature review it can be found that …
Study Of The Interaction Between Hydrogen And Carbon-Based Nanomaterials, Roberto Felix
Study Of The Interaction Between Hydrogen And Carbon-Based Nanomaterials, Roberto Felix
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier. Coupling hydrogen production to renewable energy sources would help alleviate the world's dependence on fossil fuels. A hurdle that must be overcome for that scenario is the development of satisfactory hydrogen storage media. Theoretical work suggests that carbon-based nanomaterials are plausible candidates; The research objective of this work is to study the influence of hydrogen adsorption on the chemical and electronic properties of carbon-based nanomaterials (i.e., single-walled carbon nanotubes and C60). An atomic hydrogen source was constructed. Nanomaterials were exposed to atomic and/or molecular hydrogen, and the local chemical and electronic interaction was studied …
Investigating Shear Capacity Of Rc Beam-Column Joints Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques, Eslam Mohamed Alnaji Hassan Khalifa
Investigating Shear Capacity Of Rc Beam-Column Joints Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques, Eslam Mohamed Alnaji Hassan Khalifa
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
Beam-column joints are critical zones in reinforced concrete structures. The behavior of joints is very complex and governed by different mechanisms such as flexure, shear, and bond stress between the reinforcement and the concrete. Shear transfer mechanisms through the joint are one of the most important factors affecting the joint performance. Shear failure occurring in the joint can lead to severe damage and may result in the collapse of the structure. This thesis presents an investigation into the shear capacity of reinforced concrete beam-column joints. The performance is influenced by several key parameters. An analysis is carried out to simulate …
Dying As An Individual: A Call For A Patient-Centered Approach To Hospice Care Research, Sarah Nicole Nebel
Dying As An Individual: A Call For A Patient-Centered Approach To Hospice Care Research, Sarah Nicole Nebel
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
This investigation focuses on patients' perspectives of hospice care as relating to the communication of the wholistic1 health care approach defined in the mission of hospice care. Given research reveals that the communication of wholistic health care is affected by factors such as individual patient health, social support systems, and interdisciplinary teams (IDTs), this study aims to examine whether the original hospice mission has been met, maintained, or communicated to hospice patients. Semi-structured, open-ended interview questions explore patients' perceptions of wholistic care and interdependence with the participants, in their health care. Responses reflected that patients are unaware of all the …
The "White-Eyed" Eastern Towhee: A Molecular Assessment Of The Validity Of Pipilo Erythrophthalmus Alleni, Jeremy Shawn Batten
The "White-Eyed" Eastern Towhee: A Molecular Assessment Of The Validity Of Pipilo Erythrophthalmus Alleni, Jeremy Shawn Batten
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
Exploring the factors that influence the distribution and diversification of organisms is essential to the field of evolutionary biology. Molecular examination across a species' distribution may result in the discovery of differentiated populations that, when interpreted in the context of past events (e.g. climate change), may elucidate the causal mechanisms. Comparative phylogeographic studies have revealed both similar and disparate genetic patterns among co-distributed organisms, although similar geographic patterns may differ greatly in temporal scale and thus in the magnitude of genetic differentiation. Studies of diverse taxa occurring across the southeastern United States have revealed several common patterns of intraspecific divergence …
Determining Protein Biomarkers For Chemotherapeutic Drug Resistance In Breast Cancer, Shauna Durocher
Determining Protein Biomarkers For Chemotherapeutic Drug Resistance In Breast Cancer, Shauna Durocher
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
Although there have been many research advances in the treatment and prevention of cancer, it remains a leading cause of death each year throughout the world. A major obstacle in the treatment of cancer is encountered when the cancer develops resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. To better understand resistance and identify biomarkers we propose to develop resistance in breast adenocarcinoma cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7, using common chemotherapeutic agents, doxorubicin and cisplatin. Microarray analysis will be preformed to identify over expression of proteins in these resistant lines. We hypothesize that genes which are over-expressed in a resistant cancer cell line …
Sex And The Agricultural Transition: Dental Health Among Early Agricultural Females, Misty Fields
Sex And The Agricultural Transition: Dental Health Among Early Agricultural Females, Misty Fields
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
This project analyzed dentition from a sample (n =142) of Early Agricultural period skeletons (B.C. 1600-200 A.D.) from the site of La Playa (SON F:10:3), Sonora, Mexico. Data was collected on pathology rates for dental caries and antemortem tooth loss (AMTL) to test the hypothesis that hormone-fluctuations associated with pregnancy increase dental pathology in females. Males and females were not found to have significant differences in caries rates. However, statistically significant differences in AMTL were found with females exhibiting more tooth loss than males ( p=.022). When compared across age categories, reproductive-age females had substantial increases in AMTL compared to …
The Athletic, Academic, And Social Experiences Of Female Intercollegiate Team Sport Student-Athletes, Jason Michael Frank
The Athletic, Academic, And Social Experiences Of Female Intercollegiate Team Sport Student-Athletes, Jason Michael Frank
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
Intercollegiate athletics at the Division I level in the United States have developed into highly publicized forms of entertainment and business (Hill, Burch-Ragan, & Yates, 2001), while often generating conflicts and dilemmas within universities when the goals of the athletic department clash with the goals of the school (Sperber, 1990; Zimbalist, 1999). In the middle of it all are student-athletes, young adults whose title combines two distinct roles into one. Balancing these roles can be difficult (Adler & Adler, 1987; Adler & Adler, 1990; Miller & Kerr, 2002; Miller & Kerr, 2003), but student-athletes who do balance their roles and …
Simulation Of Optical Properties Of Quantum Dots, Anupam Kumar
Simulation Of Optical Properties Of Quantum Dots, Anupam Kumar
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
Nanotechnology devices based on quantum dots have very interesting applications because of the unique characteristics that quantum dots exhibit. In addition to the very small size and operation almost at the speed of light, many important characteristics of quantum dots such as absorption and extinction can be exploited to design devices with a wide range of applications. The study of metallic quantum dots is also a very exciting and interesting field in engineering because of their immense application and relevance to Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS); In this thesis, the variation in absorption spectra over a changing array of parameters …
True Reflections? An Assessment Of The Correlation Between Self-Reported Racial Identities And Craniometric Patterning, Rebecca V Lockwood
True Reflections? An Assessment Of The Correlation Between Self-Reported Racial Identities And Craniometric Patterning, Rebecca V Lockwood
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
Modern anthropologists reject the notion that individuals can be assigned to clear-cut divisions of racial origins, yet this identification technique is a required practice in forensic settings. Forensic anthropologists study morphological features and craniometric values to assess the possible ancestry of an unidentified set of human remains. This ancestral assessment is subsequently translated into a "racial" description, as these categories are commonly used and understood by society; Race, however, is an artificial social construction, and racial categories fluctuate over time and space. Consequently, the forensic assessment of race based on cranial characteristics could significantly differ from an individual's self-assessment of …
Energetics Of Insect Metamorphosis, Allison Brighton Merkey
Energetics Of Insect Metamorphosis, Allison Brighton Merkey
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
During metamorphosis, Drosophila melanogaster pupae undergo a transformation which rearranges almost all larval tissues into an adult fly. During this time, it is surprising that pupae exhibit a U-shaped curve for metabolic rate, where metabolism decreases dramatically after pupariation and increases shortly before eclosion. Using temperature to offset the cost of development during metamorphosis, I demonstrate that the total energy cost for metamorphosis depends on temperature and associated differences in developmental time. Pupae tended to consume more triglycerides over the course of development at low and high temperatures. Changes in oxygen level did not affect the U-shaped curve of carbon …
Diversity, Biogeography, And Geochemical Habitat Of Korarchaeota In Continental Hot Springs, Robin Lea Miller
Diversity, Biogeography, And Geochemical Habitat Of Korarchaeota In Continental Hot Springs, Robin Lea Miller
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
Microorganisms have traditionally been characterized based on their morphology and physiology. However, this formula does not account for the importance of a microorganism's habitat, which is intimately linked to its physiology. The Korarchaeota comprise a deeply branching archaeal lineage that has proven to be difficult to isolate and, consequently, has remained uncharacterized until recently. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical and biogeographical distribution of Korarchaeota in hot springs of the Great Basin and Yellowstone National Park. Ninety-nine sediment samples were collected from hot springs with temperatures ranging from 40.7-94.3°C and pH ranging from 1.3-9.2, while recording …
Passive Integrated Transponders In Gila Elegans: Location, Retention, Stress, And Mortality, Andrea Dee Montony
Passive Integrated Transponders In Gila Elegans: Location, Retention, Stress, And Mortality, Andrea Dee Montony
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
Despite large-scale propagation and rearing efforts few of the critically endangered bonytail, Gila elegans, are recovered following release from hatcheries. This study tested the role of passive integrative transponder (PIT) tag loss and tagging associated stress and mortality in these low recoveries. Bonytail exhibited 98-100 percent tag retention regardless of insertion direction (ventral toward anterior and anterior toward ventral). Plasma cortisol levels were measured at 0, 0.5, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours following PIT-tagging in fish held at three temperatures (12, 16, and 20°C) as an indicator of stress. Bonytail tagged at 16°C had significantly lower plasma cortisol levels …
Prehistoric Settlement And Land Use: A Predictive Model Of The Shivwits Plateau, Northwest Arizona, Glendee Ane Osborne
Prehistoric Settlement And Land Use: A Predictive Model Of The Shivwits Plateau, Northwest Arizona, Glendee Ane Osborne
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations
The objective of this research is to develop, test, and utilize a Geographic Information Systems based predictive model of prehistoric site location and settlement for the Shivwits Plateau in northwestern Arizona to better understand settlement patterns and land use across the region from the Archaic to Protohistoric period. The GIS data are used to determine site location probability for specific temporal phases of Virgin Anasazi cultural activity. The database includes previously recorded sites, vegetation, elevation, aspect, slope, and water resources which are integrated to establish probable patterns of land use and settlement; My thesis examines two research questions. First, is …