Digital Commons Network^™

Use Of Genetic Tagging To Estimate Abundance And Detect Spatial Patterns Of Black Bears In New Hampshire, Stephanie Coster

Master's Theses and Capstones

Abundance estimates for black bears (Ursus americanus) are an important tool for effective management. Recent advancements in DNA technology have enabled genetic tagging mark-recapture population estimates using DNA from hair samples. I conducted a population estimate using genetic tagging in 2 study sites presumed to have different bear densities in northern New Hampshire (Pittsburg and Milan). To test repeatability, I conducted the genetic tagging estimates in 2 consecutive years. I also compared these estimates to those derived from traditional methods used by the New Hampshire Fish and Game Department (NHFG) using hunter harvest and mortality data. I found that the …

Effects Of Vegetated Buffers On Salt Marsh Plant Composition And Groundwater Nitrogen Uptake, Joanne Singfield Glode

Master's Theses and Capstones

Vegetated shoreline buffers are a best management practice to reduce anthropogenic nitrogen influences on estuarine ecology. This study examined the effects of buffers on (1) groundwater chemistry; (2) the salt marsh border plant community (fertilized and control); and (3) Agropyron pungens response to fertilization. All buffer widths (5 to 15 meters) were somewhat effective at removing groundwater nutrients, with greater concentrations of TDN, NO3--N, NH4 +-N, and DOC found in groundwater wells upslope of the buffer. Although on-site manure storage resulted in 30-fold greater groundwater nitrate concentrations (mean 23 mg/L) at the widest buffer, no differences were found in nitrate …

Evaluating Scale To Achieve Optimal Image Classification Accuracy In New Hampshire Forests, Brianna L. Heath

Master's Theses and Capstones

New England forest complexity creates obstacles for land cover classification using satellite imagery. New methodologies such as object-oriented image analysis exhibit potential to improve classification. Although these methods have proven more accurate than traditional methods, it has been unclear what resolution yields the most accurate classification. As high resolution imagery increases classification difficulty and lower resolutions may not provide sufficiently detailed maps, this study explored the use of object-oriented classification to classify several resolutions of satellite imagery (Landsat TM, SPOT, IKONOS) at various spatial scales.

Although Landsat TM imagery yielded the highest accuracy, all classification results were unacceptable for practical …

Evaluating Accuracy Issues In Mapping Benthic Habitats: An Investigation In The Causes Of Misclassification And The Importance Of Segmentation Parameters, Meghan E. Graham

Master's Theses and Capstones

Benthic habitats are some of the most difficult habitats to map using remote sensing. In a study of six bays in the Texas Gulf Coast, maps were created from digital aerial imagery. Using an object-based image analysis (OBIA) approach, the image was classified with the Classification and Regression Tree (CART) technique to produce a draft map. The draft map was then extensively manually edited to produce a contractor map. Accuracy assessments of both maps revealed that the two were not significantly different. The objective of this study was to determine why the editing did not improve the draft map. Our …

Spectral Effects Of A Calcium Amendment On Red Spruce Foliage At Laboratory And Stand Scale, Will Robinson Kessler

Master's Theses and Capstones

Three sets of measurements were made to determine the effects of an October 1999 whole-watershed Ca-application on the chemical and spectral properties of red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) foliage at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest. Results of our measurements showed significant differences between the Ca-treated watershed (WS1) and a nearby reference watershed (WS6). Foliar chemistry data collected in 2007 showed that concentrations of Ca, Sr, and oxalate remain higher in WS1, and the increase in oxalate is strongly linked to the level of total Ca, possibly by a Ca-oxalate crystal precipitation response. High-resolution laboratory spectral data measured from 400-2500 nm …

C2-Symmetric Dibenzo-Annelated Cross-Bridged Cyclam: Synthesis, Functionalization, And Copper Complexation, David J. Martin

Master's Theses and Capstones

A novel synthetic methodology towards a C2-symmetric- N,N'-bis-carboxymethyl-dibenzo-annelated cross-bridged cyclam is here presented. This methodology required a disparate approach from that traditionally used to prepare N-pendant-armed derivatives of the cross-bridged cyclam and cyclen macrocycles. Essential to the success of the synthesis are new conditions for the protective alkylation, reductive ring expansion, and chemoselective deprotection of the dibenzo-annelated cross-bridged cyclam macrocycle.*.

Early Performance Of Constructed Oyster Reefs In Great Bay, New Hampshire, Mark K. Capone

Master's Theses and Capstones

Several oyster reefs were constructed in Great Bay, New Hampshire using remotely-set oysters. A single large reef treatment and a cluster of several small reefs treatment were utilized to test hypotheses relevant to oyster restoration design, and to monitor early restoration reef performance. There was no significant difference in oyster size, density, and recruitment between two experimental reef structures, with both reef types having high survival and fast growth rates for the 2-year study. Both experimental reef structures had significantly higher recruitment rates than natural reefs in 2006, a year of relatively high recruitment (p < 0.05), and elevated yet not significantly higher recruitment rates in 2005, a weak recruitment year (p = 0.078). In situ fluorometry data showed that a restored reef can significantly impact chlorophyll-a levels in overlying water within two years of reef construction. Individual oyster clearance rates ranged from 1.87 L/hr--2.41L/hr.

The Effect Of An Experiential, Adventure Based "Anti-Bullying Initiative" On Levels Of Resilience: A Mixed Methods Study, Jesse Beightol

Master's Theses and Capstones

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of an experiential, adventure based program on levels of resilience. Specifically, a mixed methods, quasi-experimental design was implemented to measure the impact of an Anti-Bullying Initiative on students self reported Goals and Aspirations, Problem Solving, Empathy, and Self Efficacy traits. Quantitative data was gathered using the Anti-Bullying Initiative Survey and converged with results from focus groups, interviews, and program observations to assess both program outcomes and processes. Results indicated that this adventure education program did affect levels of resilience in the individual students as well as their school and home …

Geochemical Weathering Of Granular Byproduct Materials, Robert K. Carter

Master's Theses and Capstones

Granular byproducts of artificial systems, such as municipal solid waste incinerator ash (MSWI) and coal combustion, are limited in re-use applications because of concern for their long-term environmental behavior with particular focus on the release of heavy metals. Understanding the solid phases within these materials and their influence on heavy metal leaching is necessary for development of an approach to potential re-use applications. Application of traditional geomorphologic principles may describe the solid phases of man-made systems and their development over time. This research addresses identification of the solid phases by use of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy …

Development, Production, Purification, And Activity Of Recombinant Lamprey Gonadotropin In S2 Drosophila And Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell Lines, Geoffrey Bushold

Master's Theses and Capstones

The objective of this research was to develop methods for the production and purification of recombinant lamprey GTH beta. The overall goal was to produce an active purified recombinant lamprey GTH that could be used for immunological, physiological, and histological studies to further understand the role of the gonadotropin in the sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus. Constructs with different combinations of tethered lamprey gonadotropin beta to human CG alpha and channel catfish gonadotropin alpha were transfected and expressed in stable cell lines of Drosophila (S2) cells and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Cell lines were grown at a large scale and …

I Complexation Of Iron(Ii), Nickel(Ii), Copper(Ii) And Zinc(Ii) By Hexadentate Tripodal Aminopyridyl Chelators Ii The Potential Of Curcumin In Medicine: Synthesis And Iron Coordination Chemistry Of Curcuminoids, Joon Hyung Cho

Master's Theses and Capstones

Chapter 1. Binding properties of tach-3-MeOpyr with Zn(II), Cu(II), Fe(II) and Ni(II) have been studied and compared to other tachpyr family metal complexes. The hypothesis was that weak binding between metals and the tachpyr ligand family might be responsible for its lower cytotoxicity towards cells. However, the electronic and structural data in solution do not demonstrate any signs of weaker binding for Cu(II), Fe(II) and Ni(II) between tach-3-MeOpyr and tach-3-Mepyr. While tachpyr, tach-3-Mepyr and tach-3-MeOpyr all have similar binding properties toward Fe(II) in an oxygen free environment, the rates of oxidative dehydrogenation of their Fe(II) complexes in air are substantially …

Factors Affecting Insulin-Stimulated In Vitro Glucose Oxidation In Rat Epididymal Adipocytes, Lisa C. Merrill

Master's Theses and Capstones

Since Martin Rodbell published his collagenase method for isolating rat adipocytes from their stromal-vascular matrix in 1964, researchers have modified the procedure in an attempt to maximize results. These modifications are also purported to decrease the interlaboratory variability observed by researchers who utilize this procedure. Strict adherence to these modifications does not, however, necessarily result in robust, repeatable in vitro insulin-stimulated glucose oxidation. The purpose of this study was to optimize Rodbell's procedure for measuring in vitro glucose oxidation in rat adipocytes, and to measure the effect of meal feeding on this process.

Adipocytes from rats in 26 optimization experiments …

Synthesis, Characterization And Inertness Studies Of Gallium(Iii) And Indium(Iii) Complexes Of Dicarboxymethyl Pendant-Armed Cross-Bridged Cyclam, Orjana Terova

Master's Theses and Capstones

Radiopharmaceuticals are drugs based on radioisotopes designed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Radiometal complexes as radiopharmaceuticals for medical imaging have received increased attention in the past decades. Coordination chemistry plays an important role in the design of these target-specific radiopharmaceuticals. It is very important to correlate all aspects of a radiometal's coordination chemistry with its in vivo behavior. Macrocyclic chelators are ligands that form stable metal complexes. In the 1990s Weisman, Wong et al. developed a new class of tetraazamacrocycles featuring ethylene cross-bridges linking nonadjacent nitrogens. These cross-bridged chelators form very inert complexes with a variety of metal cations. While …

The Role Of Ompd In Adherence Of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium To Macrophages And The Effects Of Mannan-Binding Lectin In Initial Attachment, Donna Louise Terrio

Master's Theses and Capstones

The binding of macrophages to the outer membrane porin proteins, OmpC and OmpD, and the effects of mannan-binding lectin (MBL) were investigated. MBL was isolated from pig serum in a multi-step affinity chromatography process and the purity of the samples was determined via sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) under reducing conditions. An Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used to detect MBL. Porcine MBL was present in serum in approximately 30, 32 and 34 kDa monomeric forms. Bacterial binding assays were performed using Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium wild-type, ompC-deficient and ompD-deficient bacterial strains. These experiments were …

"I Remember When I Learned That": Gender Differences In The Use Of Episodic Memory, Rhyannon H. Bemis

Master's Theses and Capstones

The experiments in this thesis were designed to investigate age and gender differences in the use of episodic memory. In experiment 1, children, ages 4 to 9 years, answered general knowledge questions and were asked how they knew the answer to these questions. Results indicated that there were some difference in the proportion of episodes girls reported. Girls' episodes also contained more details. Experiment 2 investigated source monitoring as a potential mechanism for children's use of an episodic recall style using a "drawer-task" with narratives as one of the source types. There were no gender differences, but there were age …

"The Invisible Lines Between Us": Border-Making In Anglo-America, 1750--1800, Cameron B. Strang

Master's Theses and Capstones

This thesis explores how the boundary-making practices of white officials came to be the dominant way of dividing and claiming the American landscape. It argues that, in the late colonial era, neither Indians nor officials could actualize their desired boundaries. Indians' map-based boundaries were annulled by white officials while officials' land surveys were subject to onsite termination and manipulation by Indian groups. White frontier settlers, however, developed powerful ways to establish their land claims---namely informal delineations backed by actual settlement---that could not be prevented by officials or Indians. In the final years of the colonial era and the first decades …

Family Structure And Adolescent Delinquency: Examining The Influence Of Parenting And Extended Family Support, Deirdre A. Boulter

Master's Theses and Capstones

Research regarding family structure and delinquency often suggests that adolescents from non-intact homes are associated with more delinquency than adolescents from intact homes. The influence of parenting practices on the above relationship is disputed among researchers. In addition few studies have examined the influence of extended family support. Using data from the National Youth Survey the present study examines parenting practices as a potential mediator between family structure and delinquency. Extended family support is also examined as a potential moderator between single mother families and delinquency. Results suggest that family structure is associated with certain types of delinquency. In addition …

Parents And Peers: Assessing The Impact Of Same-Sex Parent-Adolescent And Same-Sex Peer-Adolescent Associations On Teen Delinquency, Alexander Conrad Keller

Master's Theses and Capstones

Prior research drawing on Social Bond Theory finds mixed evidence that parental influences are associated with a modest decrease in delinquency, but few studies have disaggregated maternal and paternal influences to examine their individual impacts on teen delinquency. The studies that have did not examine whether same-sex parental influences moderate delinquent peer influences on teen delinquency. The present study argues that (1) same-sex parent-adolescent associations may have important main effects on delinquency and (2) that same-sex parent-adolescent influences may simultaneously interact with peer delinquency such that delinquent peer influences decrease among youth whose same-sex parent exert strong parental influences over …

The Progress Of Women Lawyers At Big Firms: Steadied Or Simply Studied?, Judith S. Kaye, Anne C. Reddy

Fordham Law Review

In the twenty years since now-Chief Judge Judith S. Kaye published her essay on women lawyers in big firms, interest in the subject has mushroomed, as the profession continues to grapple with issues of gender equity. This update reflects voluminous new literature and looks behind the statistics to find fresh efforts and pathways to solutions that can benefit women as well as the profession generally.

Assessing Fourth Amendment Challenges To Dna Extraction Statutes After Samson V. California, Charles J. Nerko

Fordham Law Review

DNA plays an indespensable role in modern law enforcement, and courts uniformly find that DNA extraction statutes targeting criminals satisfy the Fourth Amendment. Courts differ on which Fourth Amendment test--totality of the circumstances or special needs--ought to be employed in this context. This Note concludes the courts should apply Samson v. California's less stringent totality of the circumstances test to analyze DNA extraction statutes in order to maintain the integrity of the special needs test.

Investigating The Utilization Of Silica Gel Packets In Drying Research-Scale Rough Rice Samples, Ashley Wiedower, George Ondier, Terry Siebenmorgen

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Rice moisture content (MC) must be reduced to approximately 12.5% MC to prevent spoilage during storage. Desiccants may provide an improved method for drying research-scale rice samples. This study investigated the effects of 1) rice mass to be dried, 2) placement method of silica gel packets in rice samples, 3) regeneration and re-use of the packets, 4) drying temperature, and 5) initial MC on the effectiveness of silica gel packets to dry rough rice samples to the desired 12.5% MC. Multiple masses (200, 500, and 1000 g) of long-grain rice samples were dried using three desiccant placement treatments: 1) intimate …

Subcritical Water And Carbonated Water Extraction Of Anthocyanins From Grape Pomace, Lydia Rice, L. R. Howard

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Grape pomace, a by-product of juice and wine processing, is a rich source of anthocyanins, antioxidant compounds that may afford protection against cancer and coronary heart disease. Unfortunately, traditional extraction of these antioxidants involves use of organic solvents, which pose serious safety and disposal problems for industry. Clearly a need exists for “green” extraction technologies—such as use of subcritical water—that eliminate or reduce the amount of organic solvents. In this study, we determined the efficacy of subcritical and carbonated water in extraction of anthocyanins from red grape pomace. Extraction variables including particle size, pomace mass, and temperature were optimized, and …

Discomfort At Work: Workplace Assimilation Demands And The Contact Hypothesis, Tristin K. Green

North Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

Katrina's Window: Localism, Resegregation, And Equitable Regionalism, David D. Troutt

Buffalo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Metrosexual Manliness: Tocqueville's New Science Of Energy, Ben Berger

Political Science Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Sexual Orientation & Gender Identity: American Law In Light Of East Asian Developments, Holning S. Lau

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Sedimentary Fabrics In The Authigenic Carbonates From Bush Hill: Implication For Seabed Fluid Flow And Its Dynamic Signature, D. Feng, Duofu Chen, H. H. Roberts

Faculty Publications

Seep carbonates, the product of cold seep fluids mediated by microbial activity, archive information on seabed fluid flow and microbiological processes that led to their formation. Sedimentary fabrics are well developed in the authigenic carbonate from active seep sites at Bush Hill, Green Canyon Block 185 of the Gulf of Mexico. This authigenic carbonate has much lower carbon isotope values than typical marine cements and the carbonate is concluded to be derived from the oxidation of seeping petroleum. The authigenic fabrics commonly exhibit microbial or texturally unique sedimentary structures; e.g. framboidal pyrite, clotted microfabric and peloid, botryoidal aragonite, microfilament, and …

Measuring Turbulent Large-Eddy Structures With An Adcp. 1. Vertical Velocity Variance, A. E. Gargett, A. E. Tejada-Martínez, C. E. Grosch

Journal of Marine Research

Two different turbulent flows, Langmuir supercells and unstable convection, have been sampled with a VADCP, an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) with an additional vertical (V) beam. Direct measurements of the profile of vertical velocity variance provided by the vertical beam are used to calculate observational response functions for algorithms used to derive vertical velocity from the 4 beams of a standard ADCP. A theoretical response function derived for the vertical velocity estimate from a single pair of opposed slant beams illustrates the importance of large-scale quasi-coherent flow structures, as well as effects of different angles of slant beams from …

Ocean Color Data Assimilation With Material Conservation For Improving Model Estimates Of Air-Sea Co2 Flux, John C. P. Hemmings, Rosa M. Barciela, Michael J. Bell

Journal of Marine Research

A nitrogen balancing scheme for ocean color data assimilation in general circulation models is described and its potential for improving air-sea CO₂ flux estimates is demonstrated. Given increments for phytoplankton, obtainable from a univariate surface chlorophyll analysis, the scheme determines mixed layer concentration increments for the other nitrogen pools: zooplankton, detritus and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN). The fraction of the phytoplankton increment to be balanced by changing DIN varies dynamically with the likely contributions of phytoplankton growth and loss errors to the error in the background state. Further increments are applied below the mixed layer wherever positive DIN increments …

The Impact Of Spatial Wind Variations On Freshwater Transport By The Alaska Coastal Current, John Rogers-Cotrone, Alexander E. Yankovsky, Thomas J. Weingartner

Journal of Marine Research

The Alaska Coastal Current (ACC) is located in a region with prevailing downwelling-favorable winds, flows over a long stretch of coastline (over 2000 km), and is driven by multiple sources of freshwater discharge totaling 24000 m³ s^–1 along its length. Using the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) we attempt to determine how spatially variable winds affect the downstream transport of freshwater along a long coastline with nearly continuous sources of freshwater. The model domain represents a fraction of the ACC region and periodic boundary conditions are applied to allow propagation of the buoyant flow from upstream. The model …