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2008

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Articles 11851 - 11880 of 13174

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Comparison Of Electrified Mats And Cattle Guards To Control White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) Access Through Fences, Thomas W. Seamans, David Helon Jan 2008

Comparison Of Electrified Mats And Cattle Guards To Control White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) Access Through Fences, Thomas W. Seamans, David Helon

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

White-tailed deer pose economic and safety concerns for agricultural and transportation industries that may be addressed by reducing their access to areas of concern. Here, we review research findings relative to the efficacy of an electric mat and cattle guard as means to reduce deer access to protected areas. Intrusions of deer across a prototype electronic mat were reduced an average of 95% from pretreatment levels. Deer intrusions across a simulated cattle guard were reduced by at least 88% from pretreatment levels. Comparisons of other cattle guard studies show that when flat material is used instead of rounded for cross …

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Oral Rabies Vaccination Of A Northern Ohio Raccoon Population: Relevance Of Population Density And Prebait Serology, Paul Ramey, Bradley F. Blackwell, Robert Gates, Richard Slemons Jan 2008

Oral Rabies Vaccination Of A Northern Ohio Raccoon Population: Relevance Of Population Density And Prebait Serology, Paul Ramey, Bradley F. Blackwell, Robert Gates, Richard Slemons

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Ohio’s oral rabies vaccination (ORV) program was established to prevent the westward spread of the raccoon (Procyon lotor) rabies virus (Lyssavirus, Rhabdoviridae) in Ohio, USA. The program, which targets raccoons, distributes vaccine-bait units (VBU) at a target density of 75 units/km2. Few studies have examined the relationship of VBU density and target population density to the prevalence of rabies virus-neutralizing antibodies (RVNA). We conducted experimental VBU distributions in August 2003 and August 2004, 150 km west of the ORV zone where there was no history of raccoon rabies. We measured change in RVNA titers in blood …

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Bird Use Of Stormwater-Management Ponds: Decreasing Avian Attractants On Airports, Bradley F. Blackwell, Laurence Schafer, David Helon, Michael Linnell Jan 2008

Bird Use Of Stormwater-Management Ponds: Decreasing Avian Attractants On Airports, Bradley F. Blackwell, Laurence Schafer, David Helon, Michael Linnell

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Characteristics of stormwater-management ponds that contribute to avian hazards to aviation at airports have not been quantified. We selected 30 stormwater-management ponds (average 0.1 ha), approximately 50km from Seattle-Tacoma International Airport, as surrogates to on-airport facilities. We conducted 46 weeks of avian surveys (between 14 February 2005 and 17 February 2006) and evaluated model fit of 6 a priori models relative to pond use by an avian group via Kullback–Leibler information. Our full model, composed of pond surface area (sa), ratio of area of open water to area of emergent and woody vegetation (ow:ew), perimeter irregularity, and geographic isolation, was …

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The Single-Shot Gnrh Immunocontraceptive Vaccine (GonaconTm ) In White-Tailed Deer: Comparison Of Several Gnrh Preparations, Lowell A. Miller, James P. Gionfriddo, Kathleen A. Fagerstone, Jack C. Rhyan, Gary J. Killian Jan 2008

The Single-Shot Gnrh Immunocontraceptive Vaccine (GonaconTm ) In White-Tailed Deer: Comparison Of Several Gnrh Preparations, Lowell A. Miller, James P. Gionfriddo, Kathleen A. Fagerstone, Jack C. Rhyan, Gary J. Killian

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Problem: An effective, single-injection, multi-year, GnRH contraceptive agent is needed to control reproduction in overabundant white-tailed deer populations.

Method of study: Two GnRH conjugates, GonaConTM (GnRH–KLH) and GonaCon-BTM (GnRH–blue protein), were prepared in emulsion form as one-injection and two-injection immunocontraceptive vaccine formulations. In addition, the GnRH–KLH protein conjugate was lyophilized and suspended in AdjuVacTM adjuvant to produce a fifth vaccine formulation. Each formulation was administered to a group of five captive adult female white-tailed deer. Reproductive performance of treated female deer was monitored for 5 years to determine the comparative efficacy of the various treatments.

Results: The …

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An Integrated Vehicle-Mounted Telemetry System For Vhf Telemetry Applications, Jason Gilsdorf, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Scott E. Hygnstrom, W. David Walter, Justin Boner, Greg Clements Jan 2008

An Integrated Vehicle-Mounted Telemetry System For Vhf Telemetry Applications, Jason Gilsdorf, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Scott E. Hygnstrom, W. David Walter, Justin Boner, Greg Clements

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

We designed and developed a vehicle-mounted very high frequency–based telemetry system that integrated an on-board antenna, receiver, electronic compass, Global Positioning System, computer, and Geographic Information System. The system allows users to accurately and quickly obtain fixes, estimate and confirm locations of radiomarked animals, and immediately record data into an electronic spreadsheet or database. The total cost of materials to build the system was $7,349 (United States currency). Mean error angle of 2.63 ± 12.18 (SD; range =-33.7–42.2°) and mean location error distance of 128 ± 91.3 m (SD; range = 0–408 m) suggested precision and accuracy of our system …

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An Integrated Vehicle-Mounted Telemetry System For Vhf Telemetry Applications, Jason Gilsdorf, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Scott E. Hygnstrom, W. David Walter, Justin Boner, Greg Clements Jan 2008

An Integrated Vehicle-Mounted Telemetry System For Vhf Telemetry Applications, Jason Gilsdorf, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Scott E. Hygnstrom, W. David Walter, Justin Boner, Greg Clements

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

We designed and developed a vehicle-mounted very high frequency–based telemetry system that integrated an on-board antenna, receiver, electronic compass, Global Positioning System, computer, and Geographic Information System. The system allows users to accurately and quickly obtain fixes, estimate and confirm locations of radio-marked animals, and immediately record data into an electronic spreadsheet or database. The total cost of materials to build the system was $7,349 (United States currency). Mean error angle of 2.63 ± 12.1° (SD; range =-33.7–42.2°) and mean location error distance of 128 ± 91.3 m (SD; range = 0–408 m) suggested precision and accuracy of our system …

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Whole-Stream Response To Nitrate Loading In Three Streams Draining Agricultural Landscapes, John H. Duff, Anthony J. Tesoriero, William B. Richardson, Eric A. Strauss, Mark Munn Jan 2008

Whole-Stream Response To Nitrate Loading In Three Streams Draining Agricultural Landscapes, John H. Duff, Anthony J. Tesoriero, William B. Richardson, Eric A. Strauss, Mark Munn

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Physical, chemical, hydrologic, and biologic factors affecting nitrate (NO3-) removal were evaluated in three agricultural streams draining orchard/dairy and row crop settings. Using 3-d “snapshots” during biotically active periods, we estimated reachlevel NO3- sources, NO3- mass balance, in-stream processing (nitrification, denitrification, and NO3- uptake), and NO3- retention potential associated with surface water transport and ground water discharge. Ground water contributed 5 to 11% to stream discharge along the study reaches and 8 to 42% of gross NO3- input. Streambed processes potentially reduced 45 to 75% of ground …

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Efficacy Of Oral And Parenteral Routes Of Mycobacterium Bovis Bacille Calmette-Guerin Vaccination Against Experimental Bovine Tuberculosis In White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus): A Feasibility Study, P. Nol, M. V. Palmer, W. R. Waters, F. E. Aldwell, B. M. Buddle, J. M. Triantis, L. M. Linke, G. E. Phillips, T. C. Thacker, J. C. Rhyan, M. D. Salman, M. R. Dunbar Jan 2008

Efficacy Of Oral And Parenteral Routes Of Mycobacterium Bovis Bacille Calmette-Guerin Vaccination Against Experimental Bovine Tuberculosis In White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus): A Feasibility Study, P. Nol, M. V. Palmer, W. R. Waters, F. E. Aldwell, B. M. Buddle, J. M. Triantis, L. M. Linke, G. E. Phillips, T. C. Thacker, J. C. Rhyan, M. D. Salman, M. R. Dunbar

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

We investigated the efficacy of oral and parenteral Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guerin Danish strain 1331 (BCG) in its ability to protect white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) against disease caused by M. bovis infection. Twenty-two white-tailed deer were divided into four groups. One group (n=5) received 109 colony-forming units (cfu) BCG via a lipid-formulated oral bait; one group (n=5) received 109 cfu BCG in culture directly to the oropharynx, one group (n=6) was vaccinated with 106 cfu BCG subcutaneously, and one group served as a control and received culture media directly to the oropharynx (n=6). All animals were challenged 3 …

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Comparative Study Of Transport Processes Of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, And Herbicides To Streams In Five Agricultural Basins, Usa, Joseph L. Domagalski, Scott Ator, Richard Coupe, Kathleen Mccarthy, David Lampe, Mark Sandstrom, Nancy Baker Jan 2008

Comparative Study Of Transport Processes Of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, And Herbicides To Streams In Five Agricultural Basins, Usa, Joseph L. Domagalski, Scott Ator, Richard Coupe, Kathleen Mccarthy, David Lampe, Mark Sandstrom, Nancy Baker

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Agricultural chemical transport to surface water and the linkage to other hydrological compartments, principally ground water, was investigated at five watersheds in semiarid to humid climatic settings. Chemical transport was affected by storm water runoff , soil drainage, irrigation, and how streams were linked to shallow ground water systems. Irrigation practices and timing of chemical use greatly affected nutrient and pesticide transport in the semiarid basins. Irrigation with imported water tended to increase ground water and chemical transport, whereas the use of locally pumped irrigation water may eliminate connections between streams and ground water, resulting in lower annual loads. Drainage …

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Procedural Justice In Family Conflict Resolution And Deviant Peer Group Involvement Among Adolescents: The Mediating Influence Of Peer Conflict, Jennifer Stuart, Mark Fondarco, Scott A. Miller, Veda Brown, Eve M. Brank Jan 2008

Procedural Justice In Family Conflict Resolution And Deviant Peer Group Involvement Among Adolescents: The Mediating Influence Of Peer Conflict, Jennifer Stuart, Mark Fondarco, Scott A. Miller, Veda Brown, Eve M. Brank

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The involvement of adolescents with deviant peer groups is one of the strongest proximal correlates to juvenile delinquency and stems from a variety of causes. Past research has linked ineffective parenting with peer variables, including deviant peer group involvement and peer conflict during adolescence. In this study, adolescents’ appraisals of procedural justice within the family (adolescents’ appraisals of how fairly they are treated by parents in the process of resolving family conflict) were examined as one aspect of effective parenting that may relate to deviant peer group involvement in early adolescence. Data from 1660 middle school students (ages 11-14, mean …

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Respiratory Treatment History Predicts Suck Pattern Stability In Preterm Infants, Meredith Poore, Steven M. Barlow, Jingyan Wang, Mereditch Estep, Jaehoon Lee Jan 2008

Respiratory Treatment History Predicts Suck Pattern Stability In Preterm Infants, Meredith Poore, Steven M. Barlow, Jingyan Wang, Mereditch Estep, Jaehoon Lee

Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders: Faculty Publications

Sensory deprivation and motor restriction associated with extensive oxygen therapy may lead to poor oromotor control in preterm infants. Non-nutritive suck is one of the first complex oromotor behaviors infants perform. This study determined the spatiotemporal variability of non-nutritive suck (NNS) pressure trajectories in three preterm groups with differing oxygen histories—one control group with minimal or no O2 therapy, and two Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) groups with either a mild/moderate (RDS1) or moderate/severe (RDS2) O2 history. The Non-nutritive Suck Spatiotemporal Index (NNS STI) quantifies spatial and temporal variability across kinematic trajectories, and was calculated from digital representations of …

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Human-Induced Changes In The Hydrology Of The Western United States, Tim P. Barnett, David W. Pierce, Hugo G. Hidalgo, Celine Bonfils, Benjamin D. Santer, Tapash Das, Govindasamy Bala, Andrew W. Wood, Toru Nozawa, Arthur A. Mirin, Daniel R. Cayan, Michael D. Dettinger Jan 2008

Human-Induced Changes In The Hydrology Of The Western United States, Tim P. Barnett, David W. Pierce, Hugo G. Hidalgo, Celine Bonfils, Benjamin D. Santer, Tapash Das, Govindasamy Bala, Andrew W. Wood, Toru Nozawa, Arthur A. Mirin, Daniel R. Cayan, Michael D. Dettinger

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Observations have shown that the hydrological cycle of the western United States changed significantly over the last half of the 20th century. We present a regional, multivariable climate change detection and attribution study, using a high-resolution hydrologic model forced by global climate models, focusing on the changes that have already affected this primarily arid region with a large and growing population. The results show that up to 60% of the climate-related trends of river flow, winter air temperature, and snow pack between 1950 and 1999 are human-induced. These results are robust to perturbation of study variates and methods. They portend, …

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Estimation Of Groundwater And Nutrient Fluxes To The Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina, Timothy B. Spruill, John F. Bratton Jan 2008

Estimation Of Groundwater And Nutrient Fluxes To The Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina, Timothy B. Spruill, John F. Bratton

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

A study was conducted between April 2004 and September 2005 to estimate groundwater and nutrient discharge to the Neuse River estuary in North Carolina. The largest groundwater fluxes were observed to occur generally within 20 m of the shoreline. Groundwater flux estimates based on seepage meter measurements ranged from 2.86×108 to 4.33×108 m3 annually and are comparable to estimates made using radon, a simple water-budget method, and estimates derived by using Darcy’s Law and previously published general aquifer characteristics of the area. The lower groundwater flux estimate (equal to about 9 m3 s-1), which …

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Synthesis And Bioassay Of Improved Mosquito Repellents Predicted From Chemical Structure, Alan R. Katritzky, Zuoquan Wang, Svetoslav Slavov, Maia Tsikolia, Dimitar Dobchev, Novruz G. Akhmedov, C. Dennis Hall, Ulrich R. Bernier, Gary G. Clark, Kenneth Linthicum Jan 2008

Synthesis And Bioassay Of Improved Mosquito Repellents Predicted From Chemical Structure, Alan R. Katritzky, Zuoquan Wang, Svetoslav Slavov, Maia Tsikolia, Dimitar Dobchev, Novruz G. Akhmedov, C. Dennis Hall, Ulrich R. Bernier, Gary G. Clark, Kenneth Linthicum

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Mosquito repellency data on acylpiperidines derived from the United States Department of Agriculture archives were modeled by using molecular descriptors calculated by CODESSA PRO software. An artificial neural network model was developed for the correlation of these archival results and used to predict the repellent activity of novel compounds of similar structures. A series of 34 promising N-acylpiperidine mosquito repellent candidates (4a–4q’) were synthesized by reactions of acylbenzotriazoles 2a–2p with piperidines 3a–3f. Compounds (4a–4q’) were screened as topically applied mosquito repellents by measuring the duration of repellency after application to cloth patches worn on the arms of human volunteers. Some …

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The Threat Of The Non-Native Neotropical Rust Puccinia Psidii To Hawaiian Biodiversity And Native Ecosystems: A Case Example Of The Need For Prevention, Lloyd Loope, Janice Uchida, Loyal Mehrhoff Jan 2008

The Threat Of The Non-Native Neotropical Rust Puccinia Psidii To Hawaiian Biodiversity And Native Ecosystems: A Case Example Of The Need For Prevention, Lloyd Loope, Janice Uchida, Loyal Mehrhoff

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The threat of invasive species to natural areas presents enormous challenges, but there are opportunities for working toward solutions, often in conjunction with agricultural and forestry perspectives. There is a growing awareness of the danger to botanical biodiversity and conservation from “emerging infectious diseases” that have increased in incidence, geographical distribution, or host range/pathogenicity; have newly evolved characteristics; and/or have been newly discovered (Anderson et al. 2004). There is a heightened concern for forest health due to accelerating worldwide movement of plant pathogens (e.g., with ineffective quarantine measures) that negatively affect both biodiversity and commercial forestry (Wingfield 2003). An important …

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Comparison Of Total Mercury And Methylmercury Cycling At Five Sites Using The Small Watershed Approach, James B. Shanley, M. Alisa Mast, Donald H. Campbell, George R. Aiken, David P. Krabbenhoft, Randall J. Hunt, John F. Walker, Paul F. Schuster, Ann Chalmers, Brent T. Aulenbach, Norman E. Peters, Mark Marvin-Dipasquale, David W. Clow, Martin M. Shafer Jan 2008

Comparison Of Total Mercury And Methylmercury Cycling At Five Sites Using The Small Watershed Approach, James B. Shanley, M. Alisa Mast, Donald H. Campbell, George R. Aiken, David P. Krabbenhoft, Randall J. Hunt, John F. Walker, Paul F. Schuster, Ann Chalmers, Brent T. Aulenbach, Norman E. Peters, Mark Marvin-Dipasquale, David W. Clow, Martin M. Shafer

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The small watershed approach is well-suited but underutilized in mercury research. We applied the small watershed approach to investigate total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) dynamics in streamwater at the five diverse forested headwater catchments of the US Geological Survey Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) program. At all sites, baseflow THg was generally less than 1 ng L-1 and MeHg was less than 0.2 ng L-1. THg and MeHg concentrations increased with streamflow, so export was primarily episodic. At three sites, THg and MeHg concentration and export were dominated by the particulate fraction in association with …

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Influence Of Plankton Mercury Dynamics And Trophic Pathways On Mercury Concentrations Of Top Predator Fish Of A Mining-Impacted Reservoir, A. Robin Stewart, Michael K. Saiki, James S. Kuwabara, Charles N. Alpers, Mark Marvin-Dipasquale, David P. Krabbenhoft Jan 2008

Influence Of Plankton Mercury Dynamics And Trophic Pathways On Mercury Concentrations Of Top Predator Fish Of A Mining-Impacted Reservoir, A. Robin Stewart, Michael K. Saiki, James S. Kuwabara, Charles N. Alpers, Mark Marvin-Dipasquale, David P. Krabbenhoft

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Physical and biogeochemical characteristics of the aquatic environment that affect growth dynamics of phytoplankton and the zooplankton communities that depend on them may also affect uptake of methylmercury (MeHg) into the pelagic food web of oligotrophic reservoirs. We evaluated changes in the quality and quantity of suspended particulate material, zooplankton taxonomy, and MeHg concentrations coincident with seasonal changes in water storage of a mining-impacted reservoir in northern California, USA. MeHg concentrations in bulk zooplankton increased from 4 ng·g–1 at low water to 77 ± 6.1 ng·g–1 at high water and were positively correlated with cladoceran biomass (r = …

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Metals Fate And Transport Modelling In Streams And Watersheds: State Of The Science And Usepa Workshop Review, B. S. Caruso, T. J. Cox, R. L. Runkel, M. L. Velleux, K. E. Bencala, D. K. Nordstrom, P. Y. Julien, B. A. Butler, Charles N. Alpers, A. Marion, K. S. Smith Jan 2008

Metals Fate And Transport Modelling In Streams And Watersheds: State Of The Science And Usepa Workshop Review, B. S. Caruso, T. J. Cox, R. L. Runkel, M. L. Velleux, K. E. Bencala, D. K. Nordstrom, P. Y. Julien, B. A. Butler, Charles N. Alpers, A. Marion, K. S. Smith

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Metals pollution in surface waters from point and non-point sources (NPS) is a widespread problem in the United States and worldwide (Lofts et al., 2007; USEPA, 2007). In the western United States, metals associated with acid mine drainage (AMD) from hardrock mines in mountainous areas impact aquatic ecosystems and human health (USEPA, 1997a; Caruso and Ward, 1998; Church et al., 2007). Metals fate and transport modelling in streams and watersheds is sometimes needed for assessment and restoration of surface waters, including mining-impacted streams (Runkel and Kimball, 2002; Caruso, 2003; Velleux et al., 2006). The Water Quality Analysis …

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Range-Wide Phylogeographic Analysis Of The Spotted Frog Complex (Rana Luteiventris And Rana Pretiosa) In Northwestern North America, W. Chris Funk, Christopher A. Pearl, Hope M. Draheim, Michael J. Adams, Thomas D. Mullins, Susan M. Haig Jan 2008

Range-Wide Phylogeographic Analysis Of The Spotted Frog Complex (Rana Luteiventris And Rana Pretiosa) In Northwestern North America, W. Chris Funk, Christopher A. Pearl, Hope M. Draheim, Michael J. Adams, Thomas D. Mullins, Susan M. Haig

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The dynamic geological and climatic history of northwestern North America has made it a focal region for phylogeography. We conducted a range-wide phylogeographic analysis of the spotted frog complex (Rana luteiventris and Rana pretiosa) across its range in northwestern North America to understand its evolutionary history and the distribution of clades to inform conservation of R. pretiosa and Great Basin R. luteiventris, candidates for listing under the US Endangered Species Act. Mitochondrial DNA sequence data from a segment of the cytochrome b gene were obtained from 308 R. luteiventris and R. pretiosa from 96 sites. Phylogenetic analysis …

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Management And Conservation Note: Conserving Waste Rice For Wintering Waterfowl In The Mississippi Alluvial Valley, Jennifer P. Kross, Richard M. Kaminski, Aaron T. Pearse Jan 2008

Management And Conservation Note: Conserving Waste Rice For Wintering Waterfowl In The Mississippi Alluvial Valley, Jennifer P. Kross, Richard M. Kaminski, Aaron T. Pearse

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The Mississippi Alluvial Valley (MAV), USA, is an internationally important migration and wintering region for North American waterfowl (Reinecke et al. 1989). The Lower Mississippi Valley Joint Venture (LMVJV) assumes food availability is the primary factor influencing carrying capacity of wintering waterfowl in this region (Reinecke and Loesch 1996). Because much of the MAV was converted from a seasonally flooded bottomland-hardwood ecosystem to a landscape dominated by agriculture, the LMVJV has incorporated estimates of the abundance of agricultural seeds such as rice into habitat conservation plans (Reinecke et al. 1988, Fredrickson et al. 2005). Biologists designed these plans to provide …

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Bullets For Casnr Faculty Meeting Remarks, John Owens Jan 2008

Bullets For Casnr Faculty Meeting Remarks, John Owens

John Owens: Speeches and Appearances

No abstract provided.

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National Science Foundation - 4-H Robotics Grant Announcement, John Owens Jan 2008

National Science Foundation - 4-H Robotics Grant Announcement, John Owens

John Owens: Speeches and Appearances

Bullets for announcement of the nearly $2.5 million grant to 4-H from the National Science Foundation to take its robotics curriculum national.

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Birth Spacing Effect On Children's Attainments: Indentification Using Instrument Variables, Jing Xie Jan 2008

Birth Spacing Effect On Children's Attainments: Indentification Using Instrument Variables, Jing Xie

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

In this study, I address the relationship between an often overlooked dimension of family structure--the spacing between children's births--and the degree of children's attainments such as Mathematics, Reading Cognition and Reading Comprehension. Comparing to the results of OLS estimation, 2SLS Estimation using Twin and Catholic as Instrument Variables shows less significant effects on children's attainments. Hausman Test shows that OLS estimators are not consistent with 2SLS estimators, which means there is endogenous problem in OLS estimation. As the result in 2SLS shows the different spacing effects in different spacing groups, it is possible to use nonlinear estimation (quadratic form of …

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Evaluating The Usability And Security Of A Video Captcha, Kurt Alfred Kluever Jan 2008

Evaluating The Usability And Security Of A Video Captcha, Kurt Alfred Kluever

Theses

A CAPTCHA is a variation of the Turing test, in which a challenge is used to distinguish humans from computers (`bots') on the internet. They are commonly used to prevent the abuse of online services. CAPTCHAs discriminate using hard articial intelligence problems: the most common type requires a user to transcribe distorted characters displayed within a noisy image. Unfortunately, many users and them frustrating and break rates as high as 60% have been reported (for Microsoft's Hotmail). We present a new CAPTCHA in which users provide three words (`tags') that describe a video. A challenge is passed if a user's …

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Implementation Of Active Collections Framework Using .Net, Sushil Magdum Jan 2008

Implementation Of Active Collections Framework Using .Net, Sushil Magdum

Theses

For many years, large distributed enterprises have faced a common problem of near real time sharing of enterprise data typically stored in databases. As these databases may be located globally, distributed nature of this data makes it difficult to access instantaneously. The Active Collections Framework (ACF) acts as a good foundation on which to build distributed applications. This framework requires distributed applications to view changes to data as events of interest. The ACF framework integrates access to data and data changes through active collections. ACF framework is based on two different research areas: event management in distributed computing and active …

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Gender, And Other Variables, Affecting Graduation Outcomes And The Future Of Science. Male Vs. Female Students 1995-2003 Rochester Institute Of Technology’S College Of Science, Catherine Mahrt-Washington Jan 2008

Gender, And Other Variables, Affecting Graduation Outcomes And The Future Of Science. Male Vs. Female Students 1995-2003 Rochester Institute Of Technology’S College Of Science, Catherine Mahrt-Washington

Theses

This thesis focuses on the impact of retention of undergraduate students on the future of science. If there are insufficient numbers of science students pursuing and succeeding in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics education and careers, it has been argued that the United States will lose its innovative, competitive, and technological edge. The focus is on the challenges of retaining students, both male and female, in the sciences at Rochester Institute of Technology from 1995-2003. This thesis will describe and analyze existing data in an effort to develop a case specific understanding of retention metrics, student retention dynamics, and consideration …

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Synthesis Of Multifunctional Nanogels Using A Protected Macromonomer Approach, Neetu Singh, L. Andrew Lyon Jan 2008

Synthesis Of Multifunctional Nanogels Using A Protected Macromonomer Approach, Neetu Singh, L. Andrew Lyon

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Nanoparticles possessing multiple functionalities provide synthetic handles for varied surface chemistries, making them useful for a range of applications such as biotargeting and drug delivery. However, the combination of interfering functionalities on the same particle is often challenging. We have employed a synthetic scheme involving chemical protection/deprotection to combine interfering functional groups on the same hydrogel nanoparticle. The synthesis of amine-containing poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) nanogels was carried out via free radical precipitation polymerization by incorporating a Fmoc-protected amine poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) macromonomer. The Fmoc group was then removed to obtain free amines, which were shown to be available for conjugation. We further …

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Review Of The American Society For Engineering Education (Asee) Global Colloquium, Cape Town, South Africa, Philip A. Reed Jan 2008

Review Of The American Society For Engineering Education (Asee) Global Colloquium, Cape Town, South Africa, Philip A. Reed

STEMPS Faculty Publications

The following report addresses topics established by the Technical Foundation of America prior to attending the ASEE Global Colloquium October 19-24, 2008 in Cape Town South Africa. Specifically, this manuscript will address what the international engineering education community and the technology education community might have to offer each other. Responses appear below each of the three categories: impacts on curriculum, professional development, and collaboration.

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Javafx As A Domain-Specific Language In Scala / Groovy, Sadiya Hameed Jan 2008

Javafx As A Domain-Specific Language In Scala / Groovy, Sadiya Hameed

Master's Projects

Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs) are optimized for developing applications in a particular domain. JavaFX is such a DSL for creating rich graphical user interfaces.One method to create a DSL is to implement it in an existing language. This offers the advantage that existing users of the language do not need to learn a new language to work in the DSL. Scala and Groovy are two upcoming Java based languages which boast a feature set that can be used to extend existing languages and facilitate DSL creation. In this project my goal was to evaluate the ability of Scala and Groovy to …

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Genes As Tags: The Tax Implications Of Widely Available Genetic Information, Kyle D. Logue, Joel Slemrod Jan 2008

Genes As Tags: The Tax Implications Of Widely Available Genetic Information, Kyle D. Logue, Joel Slemrod

Articles

Advances in genetic research promise to loosen the tradeoff between progressivity and effi ciency by allowing tax liability (or transfer eligibility) to be based in part on immutable characteristics of individuals (“tags”) that are correlated with their expected lot in life. Use of genetic tags would reduce reliance on tax bases (such as income) that are subject to individual choices and, therefore, subject to ineffi cient distortion to those choices. If genetic information can be used by private employers and insurers, the case for basing tax in part on it becomes more compelling, as genetic inequalities would be exacerbated by …

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