Digital Commons Network^™

Torts - Damage Control - Unraveling The New Due Process Standard Prohibiting The Use Of Nonparty Harm To Calculate Punitive Damages, Philip Morris Usa V. Williams, 127 S.Ct. 1057 (2007), Maren P. Schroeder

Wyoming Law Review

No abstract provided.

Optrr: Optimizing Randomized Response Schemes For Privacy-Preserving Data Mining, Zhengli Huang, Wenliang Du

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - All Scholarship

The randomized response (RR) technique is a promising technique to disguise private categorical data in Privacy-Preserving Data Mining (PPDM). Although a number of RR-based methods have been proposed for various data mining computations, no study has systematically compared them to find optimal RR schemes. The difficulty of comparison lies in the fact that to compare two PPDM schemes, one needs to consider two conflicting metrics: privacy and utility. An optimal scheme based on one metric is usually the worst based on the other metric. In this paper, we first describe a method to quantify privacy and utility. We formulate the …

Inverse Wavelet Reconstruction For Resolving The Gibbs Phenomenon, Nataniel Greene

Publications and Research

The Gibbs phenomenon refers to the lack of uniform convergence which occurs in many orthogonal basis approximations to piecewise smooth functions. This lack of uniform convergence manifests itself in spurious oscillations near the points of discontinuity and a low order of convergence away from the discontinuities. Here we describe a numerical procedure for overcoming the Gibbs phenomenon called the inverse wavelet reconstruction method. The method takes the Fourier coefficients of an oscillatory partial sum and uses them to construct the wavelet coefficients of a non-oscillatory wavelet series.

Quantitative Kinetic Analysis Of Cro Repression In Vivo As A Function Of Operator Sequence, Yin Gu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Combinatorial Investigation Of Magnetostriction In Fe-Fa And Fe-Ga-Al, Jason R. Hattrick-Simpers, Dwight Hunter, Corneliu M. Craciunescu, Kyu Sung Jang, Makoto Murakami, James Cullen, Manfred Wuttig, Ichiro Takeuchi, Samuel E. Lofland, Leonid Bendersky, Noble Woo, Robert Bruce Vandover, Toshiya Takahashi, Yasubumi Furuya

Faculty Publications

A high-throughput high-sensitivity optical technique for measuringmagnetostriction of thin-film composition-spread samples has been developed. It determines the magnetostriction by measuring the induced deflection of micromachined cantilever unimorph samples. Magnetostrictionmeasurements have been performed on as-deposited Fe–Ga and Fe–Ga–Al thin-film composition spreads. The thin-film Fe–Ga spreads display a similar compositional variation of magnetostriction as bulk. A previously undiscovered peak in magnetostriction at low Ga content was also observed and attributed to a maximum in the magnetocrystalline anisotropy. Magnetostrictive mapping of the Fe–Ga–Al ternary system reveals the possibility of substituting up to 8at.%Al in Fe₇₀Ga₃₀ without significant degradation of magnetostriction.

High-Throughput Screening Of Shape Memory Alloy Thin-Film Spreads Using Nanoindentation, Arpit Dwivedi, Thomas J. Wyrobek, Oden L. Warren, Jason R. Hattrick-Simpers, Olubenga O. Famodu, Ichiro Takeuchi

Faculty Publications

We have demonstrated the utility of nanoindentation as a rapid characterization tool for mapping shape memoryalloy compositions in combinatorial thin-film libraries. Nanoindentation was performed on Ni–Mn–Al ternary composition spreads. The indentation hardness and the reduced elastic modulus were mapped across a large fraction of the ternary phase diagram. The large shape memoryalloy composition region, located around the Heusler composition (Ni₂MnAl), was found to display significant departure in these mechanical properties from the rest of the composition spread. In particular, the modulus and the hardness values are lower for the martensite region than those of the rest of the …

Teaching Mathematics From Differing Directions, Eric Mansfield

Mathematical and Computing Sciences Masters

Mathematics is very often taught as one directional. A problem is presented in class and the teacher applies a particular formula or methodology to arrive at the answer. In this age of diversity in the classroom, one method may not be enough to reach every student. This paper investigated the use of differing approaches teaching various math subjects in Algebra and Geometry. While results from the study were inconclusive, it appears when given multiple approaches to solving a type of math problem, the students tended to use the most recent method taught over any other. The second investigation in this …

Modern Strain Localization In The Central Walker Lane, Western United States: Implications For The Evolution Of Intraplate Deformation In Transtensional Settings, Benjamin E. Surpless

Earth and Environmental Geosciences Faculty Research

Approximately 25% of the differential motion between the Pacific and North American plates occurs in the Walker Lane, a zone of dextral motion within the western margin of the Basin and Range province. At the latitude of Lake Tahoe, the central Walker Lane has been considered a zone of transtension, with strain accommodated by dip-slip, strike-slip, and oblique-slip faults. Geologic data indicate that extension and strike-slip motion are partitioned across the central Walker Lane, with dip-slip motion resulting in E–W to ESE–WNW extension along the present-day western margin of the central Walker Lane since approximately 15 Ma, and dextral strike-slip …

Existence And Stability Of Periodic Orbits Of Periodic Difference Equations With Delays, Ziyad Alsharawi, James Angelos, Saber Elaydi

Mathematics Faculty Research

In this paper, we investigate the existence and stability of periodic orbits of the p-periodic difference equation with delays x_n = ƒ(n−1, x_n−k). We show that the periodic orbits of this equation depend on the periodic orbits of p autonomous equations when p divides k. When p is not a divisor of k, the periodic orbits depend on the periodic orbits of gcd(p, k) nonautonomous p/gcd(p,k) - periodic difference equations. We give formulas for calculating the number of different periodic orbits under …

The Impact Of Incorporating Specific Literacy Strategies In A Mathematics Classroom, Katherine Rudnicki

Mathematical and Computing Sciences Masters

This research study looked at the impact of incorporating specific literacy strategies into a mathematics classroom. The literacy strategies used in this study included graphic organizers, connecting picture books to math content, summarizing and think aloud techniques, and student journals for reflection. The strategies used were beneficial in promoting mathematical concepts and ideas in new and different ways. It was found that student engagement increased with the variety of strategies used. Student vocabulary and classroom discussion began to develop in a positive way in terms of accuracy and insightfulness as a result of the literacy strategies used. Implementation of the …

Exploring Mathematics Assessments, Kelley Barz

Mathematical and Computing Sciences Masters

Students will take more than one type of assessment throughout their educational career. It is the teacher' s job to determine which type of assessment will help their students achieve success. The researcher believes that the state of Virginia has a limited amount of alternative assessments for students with special needs. She decided to investigate which types of assessments would be effective for her students. The children who participated in this study are students who receive special education and English as a Second or Other Language (ESOL) services. The researcher created several alternative mathematics assessments and administered them to four …

Leaving The Traditional Classroom: A Look At Direct Instruction Versus Differentiated Instruction, Robert D. Dunham

Mathematical and Computing Sciences Masters

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of pedagogy on a students' performance on their formal assessment at the end of a unit. In the literature review direct instruction and differentiated instruction are compared and contrasted as the articles are synthesized to offer insight on the opposing views of instruction. In this study two classes were taught the same content for a unit; one class was taught by direct instruction while the other class was taught via differentiated instruction. Results indicated that students can be successful in learning the content no matter which method was used to …

Using Strategies To Aid In Mathematical Problem Solving, Jennifer A. Smith

Mathematical and Computing Sciences Masters

Students across the state are taking standardized mathematics assessments. Their scores on these assessments determine their schedule for the following year, as well as contribute to district, regional and state wide data. These assessments tend to consist of questions that are made up of word problems used to see if a student understands the content. The purpose of this study is to provide students with literacy strategies to help them gain a greater understanding of the word problem and allow them to more successfully answer the questions. Through the study students were presented with three literacy strategies, using key vocabulary …

The Ramifications Of Teachers Lack Of Pck While Uncovering Student Misconceptions, Kimberly E. Saccardi

Mathematical and Computing Sciences Masters

Students come to our science classrooms with a diverse set of ideas of how the world works, as do teachers. When these ideas are incorrect, they are sometimes referred to as misconceptions and can come from a variety of sources. Misconceptions can come from books, television, and simple life experiences. It is imperative that teachers uncover these misconceptions in order to properly teach scientific concepts. What happens however when teachers do not know enough content to be able to uncover these misconceptions? How does the pedagogy suffer? This research explored the intersection of pedagogical knowledge and content knowledge (PCK) and …

A Translation Engine In Support Of Context-Level Interoperability, Kym J. Pohl, Jens G. Pohl

Collaborative Agent Design (CAD) Research Center

The support of context-level interoperability demands increasing attention in today’s arena of semantics-oriented decision-support systems. Unlike data-oriented exchange, such semantic interoperability must venture beyond the elementary communication of discrete data values and endeavor to translate between significantly more expressive, context-rich representations. Further, support of this level of interoperability must not require a contamination of the native perspective embedded within each participant’s representation. Offered as a foundation upon which specific interoperability solutions can be developed, this paper presents a service-oriented framework supporting an extensible set of translation paradigms to effectively connect expressive ontology-based environments. Fundamental to this capability is the notion …

Equipping Tomorrow’S Fire Managers, Christopher Dicus

Natural Resources Management and Environmental Sciences

Fire managers are challenged with an ever-increasing array of both responsibilities and critics. As in the past, fire managers must master the elements of fire behavior and ecology using the latest technologies. In addition, today’s managers must be equipped with the skills necessary to understand and liaise with a burgeoning group of vocal stakeholders while also facing the complications of a changing landscape, particularly an increasing wildland-urban interface. These challenges have been embraced in the Fire and Fuels Management program of study at Cal Poly State University, San Luis Obispo. There, classes are offered in fire suppression, ecology, and management. …

A Two-Disk Extended Jeffcott Rotor Model Distinguishing A Shaft Crack From Other Rotating Asymmetries, Xi Wu, Jim Meagher

Mechanical Engineering

A mathematical model of a cracked rotor and an asymmetric rotor with two disks representing a turbine and a generator is utilized to study the vibrations due to imbalance and side load. Nonlinearities typically related with a “breathing” crack are included using a Mayes steering function. Numerical simulations demonstrate how the variations of rotor parameters affect the vibration response and the effect of coupling between torsional and lateral modes. Bode, spectrum, and orbit plots are used to show the differences between the vibration signatures associated with cracked shafts versus asymmetric shafts. Results show how nonlinear lateral-torsional coupling shifts the resonance …

Response Of A Warped Flexible Rotor With A Fluid Bearing, Jim Meagher, Xi Wu, Chris Lencioni

Mechanical Engineering

A two-complex-degrees-of-freedom model is developed and compared to experimental data for various amounts of rotor bow and its orientation to mass imbalance of the rotor. The equation of motion is developed by adding constant forces that rotate with the rotor to a Bently-Muszynska two-mode isotropic rotor model with a plane journal bearing. Diagnostic information discernable from probes at the bearing is explored and compared to midspan response, where previous research has concentrated. The model presented also extends earlier work by representing the effect of a nonrigid bearing. Good agreement between the analytical model and experiment demonstrates that the analysis presented …

2008 Vol. 3 Table Of Contents, University Of Dayton. Department Of Mathematics

Undergraduate Mathematics Day: Past Content

No abstract provided.

Breaking The Curve, Amanda Dahlman, Jesse Depinto, Kyle Kremer, Joe Plattenburg

Undergraduate Mathematics Day: Past Content

Imagine you are up to bat in a major league baseball game. Would you rather face a pitch with smaller curvature or smaller break? Would you know the difference? In this paper we will derive a model for the path of a pitch based on actual data from MLB.com's GameDay™ feature. Then, employing our model, we shall analyze the curvature and break of the pitch.

Determining The Statistical Significance Of Observed Frequencies Of Short Dna Motifs In A Genome, Philip E. Pfeiffer, Peter W. Hovey, Sudhindra R. Gadagkar

Undergraduate Mathematics Day: Past Content

Until recently over 90 percent of the DNA in the human genome was considered junk DNA, with no known function. However, this non-coding DNA is now known to harbor elements that perform important functions in gene regulation. In particular, there is currently much interest in the search for short DNA motifs collectively known as cis-regulatory elements. Most studies attempt to identify these elements by means of cross-species comparisons. We have approached the problem of finding cis-regulatory elements by searching for conserved DNA motifs within genomes. This requires searching for DNA motifs that are repeated in the genomes either more …

A New Spin On Baseball, Allison Horney, Taylor Lowry, Eric Schwenker, Evan Wray

Undergraduate Mathematics Day: Past Content

All baseball fans know what a curveball is physically, but what is curveball mathematically, and how does it differ from a fastball? The secret of a pitch lies in its spin. In this paper we shall define the spin of a baseball and investigate the effects of its magnitude and direction by employing data collected by MLB.com Gameday from the league's best pitchers. We shall then employ this model to differentiate between the spin of a curveball and that of a fastball.

Acknowledgements: We would like to thank our teacher Scott Mitter for all that he has done for us. …

An Order Model For Infinite Classical States, Joe Mashburn

Mathematics Faculty Publications

In 2002 Coecke and Martin (Research Report PRG-RR-02-07, Oxford University Computing Laboratory,2002) created a model for the finite classical and quantum states in physics. This model is based on a type of ordered set which is standard in the study of information systems. It allows the information content of its elements to be compared and measured. Their work is extended to a model for the infinite classical states. These are the states which result when an observable is applied to a quantum system. When this extended order is restricted to a finite number of coordinates, the model of Coecke and …

2008 Alumni Presenters, University Of Dayton. Department Of Mathematics

Biennial Alumni Seminar

No abstract provided.

Optimal Selling Rules In A Regime-Switching Exponential Gaussian Diffusion Model, Paul W. Eloe, R. H. Liu, Masako Yatsuki

Mathematics Faculty Publications

This paper develops optimal selling rules in asset trading using a regime-switching exponential Gaussian diffusion model. The optimization problem is solved by a combined approach of boundary value problems and probabilistic analysis. A system of linear differential equations with variable coefficients and two-point boundary conditions, satisfied by the objective function of the problem, is derived. The existence and uniqueness of the solution are proved. A closed-form solution in terms of Weber functions is obtained for one-dimensional cases. For m-dimensional cases, a stochastic recursive algorithm for numerically searching the optimal value is developed. Numerical results are reported.

2008 (Winter), University Of Dayton. Department Of Mathematics

Colloquia

Abstracts of the talks given at the 2008 Winter Colloquium.

Qualitative Properties Of Nonlinear Volterra Integral Equations, Muhammad Islam, Jeffrey T. Neugebauer

Mathematics Faculty Publications

In this article, the contraction mapping principle and Liapunov's method are used to study qualitative properties of nonlinear Volterra equations of the form x(t)=a(t)−∫^t₀C(t,s)g(s,x(s))ds,t≥0. In particular, the existence of bounded solutions and solutions with various L^p properties are studied under suitable conditions on the functions involved with this equation.

Leadership Founded In Habits Of Inquiry And Reflection (Abstract), Robert C. Bolz Jr.

Kenneth C. Schraut Memorial Lectures

Leadership in the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines has been the foundation of leadership in the world for over 600 years.

Ninth Kenneth C. Schraut Memorial Lecture (Poster), University Of Dayton. Department Of Mathematics

Kenneth C. Schraut Memorial Lectures

No abstract provided.

Necessity And Possibility: The Logical Strategy Of Kant's 'Critique Of Pure Reason', Kurt Mosser

Philosophy Faculty Publications

If logic provides rules for thought, can there be similar rules for human experience? Kurt Mosser argues that reading Kant's Critique of Pure Reason as an argument for such a logic of experience makes more defensible many of Kant's most controversial claims, and makes more accessible Kant's notoriously difficult text. By pursuing this strategic hint, Kant's philosophical claims about human experience are seen as extraordinarily strong―as universal and necessary―but only as providing the conditions for experience to be possible. Thus, just as logic does not determine what thoughts are about, logic of experience does not determine the content of experience. …