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2008

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Analysis Of Hiv-1 Variable Loop 3-Specific Neutralizing Antibody Responses By Hiv-2/Hiv-1 Envelope Chimeras, Katie L. Davis Jan 2008

Analysis Of Hiv-1 Variable Loop 3-Specific Neutralizing Antibody Responses By Hiv-2/Hiv-1 Envelope Chimeras, Katie L. Davis

All ETDs from UAB

Defining the epitope specificities of the neutralizing antibody response to the HIV-1 envelope protein (Env) during natural human infection and in response to vaccination by HIV-1 immunogens could provide insight into the mechanisms of virus immune containment and facilitate vaccine design. Transplantation of discrete HIV-1 neutralizing epitopes into HIV-2 Env scaffolds may provide a sensitive, biologically functional context in which to quantify specific antibody reactivities in complex sera. Here we describe the development of a novel HIV-2 proviral scaffold (pHIV-2KR.X7) into which we have substituted the env V3 region of several laboratory and primary HIV-1 strains to yield a panel …

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Gender Difference In Traumatic Brain Injury Outcomes: Survival, Functional Independence, And Employment Status, Andrea T. Underhill Jan 2008

Gender Difference In Traumatic Brain Injury Outcomes: Survival, Functional Independence, And Employment Status, Andrea T. Underhill

All ETDs from UAB

Medical and rehabilitative care of women living with traumatic brain injury (TBI) is based on information drawn from research conducted primarily on men. Care for men may be adequate for women, but all of the body’s organs have the capability to respond differently based on gender, and research should examine the genders separately. This dissertation examines the survival to 24 months post-TBI and the functional independence and employment status at 12 and 24 months post-TBI of men and women. Participants were drawn from a longitudinal study of injured persons and include those diagnosed only with a TBI. Variables used in …

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The Use Of Serum Uric Acid As An Indicator Of Amino Acid Utilization In Diets For Broilers, Amanda L. Donsbough Jan 2008

The Use Of Serum Uric Acid As An Indicator Of Amino Acid Utilization In Diets For Broilers, Amanda L. Donsbough

LSU Master's Theses

The purpose of this research was to determine if serum uric acid (SUA) could be used as an indicator of amino acid (AA) utilization in broilers and to determine the Lys requirement of broilers using SUA as a response variable. Treatments were replicated with at least 6 pens with at least 6 broilers per pen. Experiments (Exp.) were conducted from 0- to 14, 17, or 18- d posthatching in brooder batteries. Five experiments were conducted to determine if SUA and uric acid content of the excreta (UAE) could be used to determine AA adequacy of a diet. The results of …

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Effects Of Burning On Henslow's Sparrow (Ammodramus Henslowii) Density And Habitat Quality In Louisiana, Laura M. Palasz Jan 2008

Effects Of Burning On Henslow's Sparrow (Ammodramus Henslowii) Density And Habitat Quality In Louisiana, Laura M. Palasz

LSU Master's Theses

The Henslow’s Sparrow (Ammodramus henslowii) is a grassland species of concern that winters in prairies and open pine savannas across the Gulf Coastal Plain. Previous studies have indicated that these birds occur at higher densities in recently burned habitats in winter, but this has never been examined over a large geographic area containing multiple habitat types. The objectives of the study were to identify areas of important winter habitat in Louisiana, to examine the relationship between time since burn, bird density, and bird condition, and to determine vegetation structure and composition used by birds. We found most of the new …

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The Integration Of Mosquito Avian Host Preference With West Nile Virus Activity In Wild Bird And Mosquito Populations In Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Jessica Erin Brauch Jan 2008

The Integration Of Mosquito Avian Host Preference With West Nile Virus Activity In Wild Bird And Mosquito Populations In Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Jessica Erin Brauch

LSU Master's Theses

West Nile virus (WNV) infection rates in wild birds and mosquitoes, and the blood-feeding patterns of mosquitoes were examined at two study sites in Baton Rouge, Louisiana to identify the potential avian reservoir hosts and mosquito vectors of West Nile virus (WNV). Blood samples from a total of 2,442 wild birds in the orders Passeriformes, Piciformes and Columbiformes were collected from May 2006 to April 2008 and tested for the presence of WNV RNA using RT-PCR and antibodies to WNV using an epitope-blocking ELISA. WNV was detected in 3.77% of wild bird blood samples and antibodies to WNV were detected …

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Quantification Of Tars And Particulates From A Pilot Scale, Downdraft Biomass Gasifier, Christopher Osita Akudo Jan 2008

Quantification Of Tars And Particulates From A Pilot Scale, Downdraft Biomass Gasifier, Christopher Osita Akudo

LSU Master's Theses

Alternative energy production through biomass gasification produces combustible gases, such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and methane. These gases can be used for generation of direct heat, electricity, or liquid fuels through the Fischer Tropsch process. However, a major limitation of the overall process is the purity of the generated synthesis gas. The tars and particulates generated in the gasification process constitute a major impediment to the commercial use of this technology because they may condense on valves, fittings, and therefore, hinder the smooth running of an engine. This research was aimed at developing a gas characterization and testing protocol, and …

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Examination Of Blueberry Anthocyanins In Prevention Of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Through Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Culture Study, Naomi Marie Sundalius Jan 2008

Examination Of Blueberry Anthocyanins In Prevention Of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Through Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Culture Study, Naomi Marie Sundalius

LSU Master's Theses

This research investigated the ability of blueberry anthocyanins to inhibit the uptake of N-retinyl-N-retinylidene ethanolamine (A2E) by retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells as quantified by pigment epithelial derived factor (PEDF) levels in RPE cells. The A2E was synthesized and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). Freeze dried blueberry powder of 50/50 blend (Tifblue/Rubel) anthocyanins were extracted by acetone and concentrated through chromatography. A RPE cell culture study investigating four treatments using a combination of 100 ìM A2E in DMSO and 100 ìg of blueberry anthocyanins in DMSO was tested. The treatments included: (A) control RPE cells; (B) RPE …

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Comorbid Psychological Disorder In Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities And Autism Spectrum Disorders, Jessica Ann Boisjoli Jan 2008

Comorbid Psychological Disorder In Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities And Autism Spectrum Disorders, Jessica Ann Boisjoli

LSU Master's Theses

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by deficits in three areas of functioning: communication, socialization, and restricted interests/repetitive behavior. With the rise in diagnoses of ASD in recent years, these disorders have received increasing recognition by researchers and clinicians. These efforts have largely been with young children. However, the study of ASD and comorbid disorders in adults with intellectual disability (ID) has been almost nonexistent. While there are measures available to assess comorbid disorders in people with only ID, the differences in adults with ASD and ID and adults with ID alone may also be a good deal different than …

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Ancient Greek And Ancient Hebrew Agrarianism: An Ecocritical Study Of Hesiod's Works And Days And The Book Of Proverbs, Ernest Nathan Manning Jan 2008

Ancient Greek And Ancient Hebrew Agrarianism: An Ecocritical Study Of Hesiod's Works And Days And The Book Of Proverbs, Ernest Nathan Manning

LSU Master's Theses

The subject of this thesis revolves around the “Western” view of nature and its social origins. The author advances the subject through a comparison of two ancient texts: Hesiod’s Works and Days and the Old Testament book of Proverbs. He concludes that the Western view of nature gestated in agricultural societies of small-farmers who saw themselves as being both part of and separate from the natural world. Their ability to control nature being limited, they saw civilization as fulfilling a limited agricultural role in the cosmos, as being different but part of and not controlling the whole. In the last …

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The Utilization Of Red Blood Cells In Diets For Swine And Poultry, Emily Dawn Frugé Jan 2008

The Utilization Of Red Blood Cells In Diets For Swine And Poultry, Emily Dawn Frugé

LSU Master's Theses

The purpose of this research was to determine if increasing levels of RBC would affect growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs and growth performance of broilers. Three experiments were conducted to determine the effect of incremental levels of red blood cells (RBC; 0 to 4% and 0 to 2%), and thus increasing levels of dietary Leu on growth performance and linear carcass measurements of finishing pigs. Our results suggest that feeding 3 or 4% RBC causes a decrease in growth performance. However, feeding 1 or 2% RBC in the diets of finishing pigs had no detrimental effects on …

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A Trinity Of Beliefs And A Unity Of The Sacred: Modern Vodou Practices In New Orleans, Elizabeth Thomas Crocker Jan 2008

A Trinity Of Beliefs And A Unity Of The Sacred: Modern Vodou Practices In New Orleans, Elizabeth Thomas Crocker

LSU Master's Theses

This thesis explores the ways in which Vodou is practiced in New Orleans today. Tourism has capitalized off the exotic appeal of Vodou but that does not rule out the actual practice of the religion in these public retail settings. Generations of New Orleanians have been raised in the religion and while their practices are often secret, Vodou lies beneath the surface of spaces and events going on in the city. Immigrants and converts that have been trained in Haitian Vodou have come into New Orleans, influencing and interacting with the spirituality of the Crescent City. These practices separate themselves …

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A Determination Of The Physical, Chemical, And Biological Features Of Suspended Dark Flecks In Hot Sauce, Andre Brock Jan 2008

A Determination Of The Physical, Chemical, And Biological Features Of Suspended Dark Flecks In Hot Sauce, Andre Brock

LSU Master's Theses

Hot pepper and hot sauce production and consumption in the United States are on the rise. The demands of consumers need to be met by high-quality products in an increasingly competitive market. Increasingly knowledgeable and discerning consumers notice any problems in hot sauce, and problems with appearance are often the first noticed. A well-known and successful hot sauce company has found an occasional problem with discoloration in their flagship product. Small dark specks have been found in the sauce, and the company in question is interested in elucidating their makeup and cause. This is of especially pertinent scientific interest because …

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Characterization Of Hma Mixtures Containing High Recycled Asphalt Pavement Content With Crumb Rubber Additives, Samuel B. Cooper, Jr. Jan 2008

Characterization Of Hma Mixtures Containing High Recycled Asphalt Pavement Content With Crumb Rubber Additives, Samuel B. Cooper, Jr.

LSU Master's Theses

As the price of petroleum and material costs escalate and pressures of maintaining the sustainability of our environment, owners must continually find methods to decrease material costs and maximize their benefits. One such method is to increase and/or begin using readily available recycled materials like reclaimed asphalt pavements (RAP) and crumb rubber (CR). The objective of this study was to fundamentally characterize the laboratory performance of conventional HMA mixtures and mixtures containing high RAP content and waste tire crumb rubber/additives through their fundamental engineering properties. A Superpave l9-mm nominal maximum aggregate size (NMAS) Level 2 HMA mixture meeting LADOTD specification …

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Feed Comparison For Dietary Standardization Of The Sea Urchin Lytechinus Variegatus And Assessment Of Parental Dietary Copper Toxicity By Fertilization And Embryological Tests, Heath W. Garris Jan 2008

Feed Comparison For Dietary Standardization Of The Sea Urchin Lytechinus Variegatus And Assessment Of Parental Dietary Copper Toxicity By Fertilization And Embryological Tests, Heath W. Garris

All ETDs from UAB

Toxicity tests monitoring the effects of anthropogenic substances on marine systems are considered an important part of environmental management. Sea urchin fertilization and embryological toxicity tests are successful in producing a graded response to toxicants, but standards for controlling the quality of parental urchins have not been developed. In Chapter 1, experimental populations of Lytechinus variegatus were fed either organic romaine lettuce and organic carrots, or a feed formulated for sea urchins for 13 weeks. Growth demographics were assessed and F1 progeny were compared for sensitivity to the toxicants copper sulfate, 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, and sodium dodecyl sulfate by acute embryonic and …

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Eve's Prisoners, Tara Rene Ratliff Jan 2008

Eve's Prisoners, Tara Rene Ratliff

LSU Master's Theses

All women are the children of Eve and the children of the earth. With the work of Eve’s Prisoners, my aim was to create imagery about the transient stages of womankind and the timeless relationship the feminine ideal has with nature. We are born innocent and able to see the truth of things, but eventually we all imprison ourselves in our bodies, in language, and in our own nature. My pictures want to reconcile the innocence and the pain and to say that by accepting aging and death as part of life, we free ourselves from our own prisons.

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Reservation For Two, Brian Patrick Dieterle Jan 2008

Reservation For Two, Brian Patrick Dieterle

LSU Master's Theses

Reservation for Two is an investigation of the ceramic dinner set and search to unlock its simplistic mystery. Most dinnerware settings available on the market satisfy and facilitate the action of eating, but they do not provide an experience to remember or a chance to fully taste the meal in all of its complexity. To challenge the participant and to produce a memorable experience, I have begun altering specific fundamental decisions within the traditional place setting attempting to create stimulation beyond physical gratification. Each of my experiments question specific design criteria that format the majority of dinner sets on the …

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Evaluation Of Novel Dietary Feed Additives For Nursery And Growing/Finishing Pigs, Victor D. Naranjo Jan 2008

Evaluation Of Novel Dietary Feed Additives For Nursery And Growing/Finishing Pigs, Victor D. Naranjo

LSU Master's Theses

The objectives of this research were: 1) to compare the effect of source and level of inclusion of dried whey permeate (DWP) and a carbohydrate product (CHO) on growth performance of nursery pigs, 2) to evaluate the effect of a fortified nutrient pack (FNP) on growth performance and total tract nutrient digestibility in growing/finishing pigs, and 3) to compare chromic oxide (Cr2O3) and acid insoluble ash (AIA) as digestibility markers for total tract digestibility determination in growing/finishing pigs. Three experiments were conducted to compare the feeding value of DWP (80% lactose) and CHO (40% lactose, 30% sucrose, and 10% glucose) …

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Maternal Corticosterone Influences On Fear Responses In Offspring Of Quail Divergent Stress Response Lines, Kyndal A. Davis Jan 2008

Maternal Corticosterone Influences On Fear Responses In Offspring Of Quail Divergent Stress Response Lines, Kyndal A. Davis

LSU Master's Theses

Increased fearfulness has been associated with adrenocortical activation. Maternal corticosterone (B) treatment increases egg yolk B, and elevated B in ovo enhances chick avoidance of humans. Quail selected for exaggerated (high stress, HS) as opposed to reduced (low stress, LS) plasma B response to stress are more fearful, and more B is found in the egg yolks of HS than LS hens. Therefore, the underlying fearfulness (tonic immobility, TI) and timidity (hole-in-the-wall box, HWB, emergence) responses were assessed in chicks hatched from eggs of LS and HS hens implanted with silastic tubes containing no B (CON) or B (B-IMPLANT) during …

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Evidence Of Pulmonary Disease In The Poole-Rose Ossuary Population: An Analysis Of The Ribs, Lisa Elaine Baumer Jan 2008

Evidence Of Pulmonary Disease In The Poole-Rose Ossuary Population: An Analysis Of The Ribs, Lisa Elaine Baumer

LSU Master's Theses

This study reports on the demographics and evidence of pulmonary disease in the Poole-Rose Ossuary which was excavated in 1990 under the direction of Heather McKillop. The bones are being studied at the request of the Alderville First Nation. Radiocarbon dated to A.D. 1550 ± 50 years, the skeletal material is a co-mingled collection that is consistent with a mass secondary burial event known as the Feast of the Dead often associated with the Huron. The ribs were used in this study. The condition of the ribs was highly fragmented. The minimum number of individuals for this study was 49 …

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Opportunities And Challenges Associated With Development Of Wood Biomass Energy Production In Louisiana, Anil Raj Kizhakkepurakkal Jan 2008

Opportunities And Challenges Associated With Development Of Wood Biomass Energy Production In Louisiana, Anil Raj Kizhakkepurakkal

LSU Master's Theses

Wood residue produced by forest products industry has been recognized as a potential fuel that can generate energy to run the industry. A survey was done among forest products industry to get a general idea about energy produced from woody biomass created from forest industry in Louisiana, USA. The industry was classified into primary and secondary forest products industry. The study provided information regarding utilization and wastage of wood residue. Survey response rate was 25 percent. It addressed problems faced by wood residue energy development and came up with solution to solve them. When survey results were compared to previous …

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Design And Testing Of An Infrared Temperature System To Test The Effects Of Chemical Stimulation On Heat Production In Cell Cultures, Nicholas Gerbo Jan 2008

Design And Testing Of An Infrared Temperature System To Test The Effects Of Chemical Stimulation On Heat Production In Cell Cultures, Nicholas Gerbo

LSU Master's Theses

Temperature is an important physiological parameter of cell biology. The thermal energy output of cells in vitro can offer insight into cellular processes. Standard methodology of measuring cellular thermal output has been through microcalorimetry. In this work, infrared thermography is presented as an alternative to microcalorimetry and other measurement techniques. An enclosure that controls the temperature of cells and allows for injection of temperature control of chemical agents and subsequent measurement of cell temperature using an infrared camera has been designed and tested. The enclosure was tested with 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with the β3 adrenergic agonist CL 316-243 for up …

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Characterizing The Epidemiology Of Bluetongue Virus Serotype One In South Louisiana, Michael Edward Becker Jan 2008

Characterizing The Epidemiology Of Bluetongue Virus Serotype One In South Louisiana, Michael Edward Becker

LSU Master's Theses

In November 2004, bluetongue virus (BTV) serotype 1 was detected for the first time in the U.S. from a hunter-killed deer in the marsh area of the Atchafalaya Delta in St. Mary Parish, LA. Subsequent serum surveys of three cattle farms further inland from the area where the deer was shot found bluetongue virus serotype 1 positive cattle on two of the three farms. The purpose of this study was to determine potential BTV vectors in the area where BTV-1 positive animals were detected and compare different trapping techniques for capturing specimens of the genus Culicoides. The study was conducted …

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The Effect Of An Inshore Artificial Reef On The Community Structure And Feeding Ecology Of Estuarine Fishes In Barataria Bay, Louisiana, Kirsten A. Simonsen Jan 2008

The Effect Of An Inshore Artificial Reef On The Community Structure And Feeding Ecology Of Estuarine Fishes In Barataria Bay, Louisiana, Kirsten A. Simonsen

LSU Master's Theses

Recently we have begun to understand the importance of inshore hard-bottom substrate, including oyster reefs, to estuarine fish communities in the Gulf of Mexico, especially in the context of identifying Essential Fish Habitat (EFH). However, problems such as habitat loss, disease, overharvest, and failure to replace shell have severely decreased the amount of high-relief oyster reef habitat available to finfish. The purpose of this project was to establish an artificial high-relief mimic-oyster reef in Barataria Bay, Louisiana, and monitor its use by economically and ecologically important finfish, including spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus) and Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus). The finfish and …

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Creatures Del Monte, Alejandro Arauz Jan 2008

Creatures Del Monte, Alejandro Arauz

LSU Master's Theses

To visually represent the multifaceted hybrid identity; a multidimensional artistic approach was necessary. I considered all the physical, psychological and cultural truths of my family. I explored our relationships, our behaviors and our responses as we simultaneously identify with the Latino and Anglo North American cultures and exist within its ever-changing parameters. Two streams of thought emerged in my artwork. One explores the characteristics and bi-cultural composition of my immediate family. The other looks at recalling past and distant members of my extended family as our points of origin while identifying the visible and invisible forces that shape our characters. …

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The Influence Of Calf Selenium Status On Gpx-1 And 3 Activity And Liver Gpx-1 Mrna, Genevieve Elizabeth Tanner Jan 2008

The Influence Of Calf Selenium Status On Gpx-1 And 3 Activity And Liver Gpx-1 Mrna, Genevieve Elizabeth Tanner

LSU Master's Theses

The purpose of this research was to determine the influence of dietary Se on glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-1 and 3 activities and relative liver GPx mRNA levels in growing Holstein bull calves. Calves (n = 14) were started 28 d after birth on either a Se adequate (0.15 ppm Se) or deficient (0.01 ppm Se) diet consisting of 3 growth phases and maintained on the diet until 180 d of age. Blood samples were taken from each calf for determination of GPx-1 and GPx-3 activity. Three calves were euthanized at d 21 of age for determination of baseline liver GPx-1 mRNA …

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Effects Of Probiotics And Yeast Culture On Rumen Development And Growth Of Dairy Calves, Jennifer Marie Laborde Jan 2008

Effects Of Probiotics And Yeast Culture On Rumen Development And Growth Of Dairy Calves, Jennifer Marie Laborde

LSU Master's Theses

Forty-eight calves (heifers n=20, bulls n=28) were randomly assigned one of four dietary treatments which included no additive (C); the yeast culture Saccharomyces cerevisiae (YC); the probiotics Bacillus lichenformis and Bacillus subtilis (P); and both yeast culture and probiotics (YCP). Calves were administered treatments from day 2 to 56 in starter and from day 57 to 84 in grower diets. Body weights were measured at birth and weekly thereafter until day 112 of age. Wither and hip heights were measured weekly. Feed intake, water intake, and fecal scores were recorded twice daily until day 56. Rumen fluid was collected on …

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Hatchability Of Post-Peak Egg Production Broiler Breeder Eggs As Influenced By Pre-Incubation Warming, Cameron Benjamin Wiggins Ii Jan 2008

Hatchability Of Post-Peak Egg Production Broiler Breeder Eggs As Influenced By Pre-Incubation Warming, Cameron Benjamin Wiggins Ii

LSU Master's Theses

This research was conducted to determine the effects of pre-incubation warming on the hatchability of post-peak egg production broiler breeder eggs. An experiment with six trials was conducted with 7,920 freshly laid eggs from Ross 308 and 708 broiler breeders from 61-67-wks of age. For each trial, 1,320 eggs were used to determine if pre-incubation warming treatments of 0, 2, 4, and 6, or 0, 3, 6, and 9, or 0, 9, 12 and 15 hrs (at 37.6°C) could improve the hatchability of eggs stored (at 15.5°C) for three days. After a storage period of three days, the eggs were …

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Phenotypic Characterization Of Canine Cranial Cruciate Ligament Associated Synoviocytes, Sunil C. Vasanjee Jan 2008

Phenotypic Characterization Of Canine Cranial Cruciate Ligament Associated Synoviocytes, Sunil C. Vasanjee

LSU Master's Theses

Identification of synoviocytes surrounding the canine cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) has not been investigated. Objectives 1) Develop and validate a technique to identify and quantify normal canine CrCL associated synoviocytes. 2) Compare synoviocyte phenotype proportions surrounding normal and abnormal canine CrCLs Design In vitro experimental Animals Cranial cruciate ligaments from 4 intact female and 6 intact adult male mixed-breed dogs (objective 1) and from 8 adult female hound dogs (objective 2) Methods Objective 1) Normal CrCLs - CD18 and HSP25 epitopes were colocalized using immunohistochemistry. Sagittal sections were quantified in the proximal, middle, and distal aspects of each section. Western …

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Molecular Determinants Of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Tumorigenicity, Haixia Kong Jan 2008

Molecular Determinants Of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Tumorigenicity, Haixia Kong

LSU Master's Theses

A conditional silencing system using anti-gB siRNAs was devised to investigate the structure and function of the KSHV gB. Transient co-transfection of plasmids constitutively expressing gB and anti-gB siRNAs in 293 cells substantially inhibited gB mRNA levels and protein production. Similarly, transient expression of siRNAs into the basal cavity-based lymphoma cells (BCBL-1) caused substantial reduction of gB transcription and protein synthesis. TaqMan real-time PCR and infectivity assays showed that gB was essential for virion egress and infectivity. Transfection of a codon-optimized gB not recognized by the anti-gB siRNAs, efficiently rescued virion egress and infectivity in BCBL-1 cells in the presence …

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Transitioning To Organic: Fertility Management In Potato Production, Lacey Theresa Dupreé Jan 2008

Transitioning To Organic: Fertility Management In Potato Production, Lacey Theresa Dupreé

LSU Master's Theses

An increasing demand for organic crops in the US represents a considerable opportunity for organic, as well as conventional growers interested in exploring the transition to organic production. Renewed interest in organic farming has resulted in a need for research involving organic fertilizers. Limited research has been conducted on organic vegetable production with previous research conducted primarily outside the Deep South US. Field studies were conducted at the Louisiana State University (LSU) AgCenter Burden Center to investigate the effect of three levels of pre-plant organic NPK fertilizer (8-5-5, Nature Safe) combined with a sidedress application of organic NPK fertilizer (13-0-0, …

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