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2007

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Articles 9811 - 9840 of 14124

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Acting Before Victims Become Victims: Preventing And Arresting Mass Murder, W. Michael Reisman Jan 2007

Acting Before Victims Become Victims: Preventing And Arresting Mass Murder, W. Michael Reisman

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

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Averting Catastrophe: Why The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty Is Losing Its Deterrence Capacity And How To Restore It, Orde F. Kittrie Jan 2007

Averting Catastrophe: Why The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty Is Losing Its Deterrence Capacity And How To Restore It, Orde F. Kittrie

Michigan Journal of International Law

This Article analyzes from a legal perspective the responses of the international community, and especially the Security Council, to the examples of nuclear proliferation outlined in this Article and the impact of those responses on the vitality of the nuclear nonproliferation regime. In doing so, the Article identifies and focuses on two key, interrelated themes. The first theme is the effect on these responses of the NPT's remarkably weak mechanisms for detecting violations of NPT obligations. The second theme is the frequent strong reluctance of the international community, including the Security Council, to impose serious sanctions for proliferation activity when …

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Seeing The Forest For The Treaties: The Evolving Debates On Forest And Forestry Activities Under The Clean Development Mechanism Ten Years After The Kyoto Protocol, Romulo Silveira Da Rocha Sampaio Jan 2007

Seeing The Forest For The Treaties: The Evolving Debates On Forest And Forestry Activities Under The Clean Development Mechanism Ten Years After The Kyoto Protocol, Romulo Silveira Da Rocha Sampaio

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article focuses on the evolving debates concerning jointly implemented forest and forestry activities. More specifically, this Article focuses on forest and forestry activities under the Clean Development Mechanism ("CDM"). The 1997 Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change ("Kyoto Protocol") effectively created the project-based flexibility mechanisms that would allow for joint implementation of policies and measures under the climate change legal regime. Article 6 envisioned joint implementation (between developed countries and economies in transition), and Article 12 envisioned the CDM (between developed and developing countries). The overall objective of this Article is to identify the …

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The Development By The Court Of Justice Of The Duties Of Cooperation Of National Authorities And Community Institutions Under Article 10 Ec, John Temple Lang Jan 2007

The Development By The Court Of Justice Of The Duties Of Cooperation Of National Authorities And Community Institutions Under Article 10 Ec, John Temple Lang

Fordham International Law Journal

Article 10 of the European Community Treaty has gradually given rise to a large body of case law on a wide variety of subjects, including several profoundly important constitutional principles of Community law: the duty of national courts to give effective protection to rights given by Community law, the duty to give direct effect to directives against the State, the duty to interpret national law so as to be compatible with Community law, and the right to judicial review. These principles are the foundation of the constitutional structure that the Court of Justice has built, in which national courts ensure …

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An Overview Of Youth And Adolescence In Ireland, Kevin Lalor, Áine De Róiste, Maurice Devlin Jan 2007

An Overview Of Youth And Adolescence In Ireland, Kevin Lalor, Áine De Róiste, Maurice Devlin

Books/Book chapters

No abstract provided.

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Comparison Of Trend Detection Methods, Katharine Lynn Gray Jan 2007

Comparison Of Trend Detection Methods, Katharine Lynn Gray

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Trend estimation is important in many fields, though arguably the most important applications appear in ecology. Trend is difficult to quantify; in fact, the term itself is not well-defined. Often, trend is quantified by estimating the slope coefficient in a regression model where the response variable is an index of population size, and time is the explanatory variable. Linear trend is often unrealistic for biological populations; in fact, many critical environmental changes occur abruptly as a result of very rapid changes in human activities. My PhD research has involved formulating methods with greater flexibility than those currently in use. Penalized …

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Modeling And Partitioning The Nucleotide Evolutionary Process For Phylogenetic And Comparative Genomic Inference, Todd Castoe Jan 2007

Modeling And Partitioning The Nucleotide Evolutionary Process For Phylogenetic And Comparative Genomic Inference, Todd Castoe

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The transformation of genomic data into functionally relevant information about the composition of biological systems hinges critically on the field of computational genome biology, at the core of which lies comparative genomics. The aim of comparative genomics is to extract meaningful functional information from the differences and similarities observed across genomes of different organisms. We develop and test a novel framework for applying complex models of nucleotide evolution to solve phylogenetic and comparative genomic problems, and demonstrate that these techniques are crucial for accurate comparative evolutionary inferences. Additionally, we conduct an exploratory study using vertebrate mitochondrial genomes as a model …

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N-Acetylaspartate In The Cns: From Neurodiagnostics To Neurobiology, John R. Moffett, Brian Ross, Peethambaran Arun, Chikkathur N. Madhavarao, Aryan M. A. Namboodiri Jan 2007

N-Acetylaspartate In The Cns: From Neurodiagnostics To Neurobiology, John R. Moffett, Brian Ross, Peethambaran Arun, Chikkathur N. Madhavarao, Aryan M. A. Namboodiri

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

The brain is unique among organs in many respects, including its mechanisms of lipid synthesis and energy production. The nervous systemspecific metabolite N-acetylaspartate (NAA), which is synthesized from aspartate and acetyl-coenzyme A in neurons, appears to be a key link in these distinct biochemical features of CNS metabolism. During early postnatal central nervous system (CNS) development, the expression of lipogenic enzymes in oligodendrocytes, including the NAA-degrading enzyme aspartoacylase (ASPA), is increased along with increased NAA production in neurons. NAA is transported from neurons to the cytoplasm of oligodendrocytes, where ASPA cleaves the acetate moiety for use in fatty acid …

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The Prohibition Against Torture And Cruel, Inhuman, And Degrading Treatment And Punishment: Can The Absolute Be Relativized Under Existing International Law?, Yuval Shany Jan 2007

The Prohibition Against Torture And Cruel, Inhuman, And Degrading Treatment And Punishment: Can The Absolute Be Relativized Under Existing International Law?, Yuval Shany

Catholic University Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Environmental Controls On The Landscape-Scale Biogeography Of Stream Bacterial Communities, Noah Fierer, Jennifer L. Morse, Sean T. Berthrong, Emily S. Bernhardt, Robert B. Jackson Jan 2007

Environmental Controls On The Landscape-Scale Biogeography Of Stream Bacterial Communities, Noah Fierer, Jennifer L. Morse, Sean T. Berthrong, Emily S. Bernhardt, Robert B. Jackson

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

We determined the biogeographical distributions of stream bacteria and the biogeochemical factors that best explained heterogeneity for 23 locations within the Hubbard Brook watershed, a 3000-ha forested watershed in New Hampshire, USA. Our goal was to assess the factor, or set of factors, responsible for generating the biogeographical patterns exhibited by microorganisms at the landscape scale. We used DNA fingerprinting to characterize bacteria inhabiting fine benthic organic matter (FBOM) because of their important influence on stream nutrient dynamics. Across the watershed, streams of similar pH had similar FBOM bacterial communities. Streamwater pH was the single variable most strongly correlated with …

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Gender Lessons On The Fields Of Contemporary Japan: The Female Athlete In Coaching Discourses, Elise M. Edwards Jan 2007

Gender Lessons On The Fields Of Contemporary Japan: The Female Athlete In Coaching Discourses, Elise M. Edwards

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Dr. Edwards' contribution to : Kelly, William W., and Atsuo Sugimoto. 2007. This Sporting Life : Sports and Body Culture in Modern Japan. Yale CEAS occasional publications, v. 1; Yale CEAS occasional publications, v. 1. New Haven, Conn.: Council on East Asian Studies, Yale University.

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Was Jesus Illegitimate? The Evidence Of His Social Interactions, James F. Mcgrath Jan 2007

Was Jesus Illegitimate? The Evidence Of His Social Interactions, James F. Mcgrath

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

This article examines the social status of the historical Jesus in relation to recent studies that place Jesus into the social category of an illegitimate child. After surveying the evidence with respect to the situation of such individuals in first century Mediterranean and Jewish society, we shall proceed to examine whether Jesus' implied social status (as evidenced by accounts of his adult social interactions) coheres with what one would expect in the case of someone who bore the stigma of that status. Our study suggests that the scandal caused by Jesus' association with the marginalized clearly implies that he did …

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Would The United States Doctrine Of Preventative War Be Justified As A United Nations Doctrine?, Harry Van Der Linden Jan 2007

Would The United States Doctrine Of Preventative War Be Justified As A United Nations Doctrine?, Harry Van Der Linden

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

On the same day, 23 September 2003, that President George W. Bush defended his Iraq policy to the General Assembly of the United Nations, Secretary-General Kofi Annan also spoke to the Assembly. Annan reiterated his opposition to the view that states may independently be justified in using military force “preemptively” to avoid the dangers posed by the spread of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) among states and terrorists, including nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons.

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Sibyl 2007, Otterbein University Jan 2007

Sibyl 2007, Otterbein University

Otterbein University Yearbooks

No abstract provided.

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Wooster Magazine: Winter 2007, Karol Crosbie Jan 2007

Wooster Magazine: Winter 2007, Karol Crosbie

Wooster Magazine: 2001-2010

This edition of the Wooster Magazine was published in the winter of 2007. The college's next president will be Grant H. Cornwell; he will take office in July. A new mascot has joined campus in the form of the Fighting Scot, MacLeod. In an attempt to revive Delbert Lean's tradition of reading A Christmas Carol, Iain Crawford narrated the story in Cleveland. A section titled "The Art Quilters" is from page twelve to twenty-one. The following section highlights four alumni who serve the capital in some form: Gordon Lubold '87, Scott Denman '78, Lauren Bell '94, and Donald Kohn '64. …

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A Review Of Leg Ornamentation In Male Wolf Spiders, With The Description Of A New Species From Australia, Artoria Schizocoides (Araneae, Lycosidae), Volker W. Framenau, Eileen Hebets Jan 2007

A Review Of Leg Ornamentation In Male Wolf Spiders, With The Description Of A New Species From Australia, Artoria Schizocoides (Araneae, Lycosidae), Volker W. Framenau, Eileen Hebets

Eileen Hebets Publications

Morphological modifications of the first pair of legs in addition to widespread color variations of these legs among males of closely related species have been reported in a variety of spiders. Here, the evidence for sexual dimorphism in male foreleg morphology within wolf spiders (family Lycosidae) is reviewed and shown to occur in a number of species belonging to at least seven genera in five subfamilies: Alopecosa, Hogna, Schizocosa (all Lycosinae) Pirata (Piratinae), Evippa, (Evippinae), Pardosa (Pardosinae) and Artoria (Artoriinae). These modifications, often in combination with distinct dark pigmentation, can be divided into three major groups: leg elongation, segment …

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Eos Spheres, Vol. 6, Issue 2 (Spring 2007), University Of New Hampshire. Institute For The Study Of Earth, Oceans And Space Jan 2007

Eos Spheres, Vol. 6, Issue 2 (Spring 2007), University Of New Hampshire. Institute For The Study Of Earth, Oceans And Space

EOS Spheres

Newsletter of the Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, at the University of New Hampshire.

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Changes In Forest Understory Composition From 1970 To 2003 At The Gordon Natural Area, An Urban Preserve In Chester County, Pennsylvania, Greg Turner, Robin J. Van Meter, Gerard D. Hertel Jan 2007

Changes In Forest Understory Composition From 1970 To 2003 At The Gordon Natural Area, An Urban Preserve In Chester County, Pennsylvania, Greg Turner, Robin J. Van Meter, Gerard D. Hertel

Forest Health Monitoring Study Documents

No abstract provided.

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Pirates Of The Carribean: Offshore Internet Gambling Sites Cursed B Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act, Bunnam Sprehichet Jan 2007

Pirates Of The Carribean: Offshore Internet Gambling Sites Cursed B Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act, Bunnam Sprehichet

UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal

Internet gambling, once coined the "crack cocaine of gambling," has become somewhat of a reality. The industry has grown exponentially, attracting thousands of offshore Internet gambling operators that are unlicensed, untaxed, and unregulated. Policing these operators under decades old antigambling laws presents a difficult task because such laws were enacted before the advent of the Internet. Policy concerns including gambling by minors, gambling addiction, racketeering, tax preservation, and the recommendations by the National Gambling Impact Study Commission collectively prompted the promulgation of the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act (UIGEA). The note analyzes the UIGEA to clarify its misconceptions and to …

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Abstracts Of The International Conference On Karst Hydrology And Ecosystems, Bowling Green, Kentucky, Usa, 13-15 August 2007, Hoffman Environmental Research Institute Jan 2007

Abstracts Of The International Conference On Karst Hydrology And Ecosystems, Bowling Green, Kentucky, Usa, 13-15 August 2007, Hoffman Environmental Research Institute

KIP Talks and Conferences

Abstracts of the International Conference on Karst Hydrology and Ecosystems, Bowling Green, Kentucky, USA, 13-15 August 2007. Open Access See Extended description for more information.

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Status Of Jollyville Plateau Salamander (Eurycea Tonkawae) On Travis County Balcones Canyonlands Preserve Tracts, Laura Zebehazy Jan 2007

Status Of Jollyville Plateau Salamander (Eurycea Tonkawae) On Travis County Balcones Canyonlands Preserve Tracts, Laura Zebehazy

KIP Data Sets and Technical Reports

On May 2, 1996, the City of Austin and Travis County were jointly issued an U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) regional permit referred to as the Balcones Canyonlands Conservation Plan (BCCP). This permit allows "incidental take" of eight locally occurring endangered species in compliance with Section 10(a) 1(b) of the Endangered Species Act (U. S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, 1996ab). The thirty-year permit covers approximately 561,000 acres in western Travis County, Texas identified in the Habitat Conservation Plan and Final Environmental Impact Statement (HCP) (U. S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, 1996c). …

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Relation Of Specific Conductance In Ground Water To Intersection Of Flow Paths By Wells, And Associated Major Ion And Nitrate Geochemistry, Barton Springs Segment Of The Edwards Aquifer, Austin, Texas, 1978–2003, Bradley D. Garner, Barbara J. Mahler Jan 2007

Relation Of Specific Conductance In Ground Water To Intersection Of Flow Paths By Wells, And Associated Major Ion And Nitrate Geochemistry, Barton Springs Segment Of The Edwards Aquifer, Austin, Texas, 1978–2003, Bradley D. Garner, Barbara J. Mahler

KIP Data Sets and Technical Reports

Understanding of karst flow systems can be complicated by the presence of solution-enlarged conduits, which can trans-mit large volumes of water through the aquifer rapidly. If the geochemistry at a well can be related to streamflow or spring discharge (springflow), or both, the relations can indicate the presence of recent recharge in water at the well, which in turn might indicate that the well intersects a conduit (and thus a major flow path). Increasing knowledge of the occurrence and distribution of conduits in the aquifer can contribute to better understanding of aquifer framework and function. To that end, 26 wells …

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2007: Online Publication Of Conference Abstracts: 2007 International Conference On Karst Hydrogeology And Ecosystems, Bowling Green, Kentucky, Usa, International Conference On Karst Hydrogeology And Ecosystems Jan 2007

2007: Online Publication Of Conference Abstracts: 2007 International Conference On Karst Hydrogeology And Ecosystems, Bowling Green, Kentucky, Usa, International Conference On Karst Hydrogeology And Ecosystems

KIP Talks and Conferences

Abstracts are listed by primary author in alphabetical order. Open Access See Extended description for more information.

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Alaskan Caver, Volume 27, No. 1, January 2007, Carlene Allred Jan 2007

Alaskan Caver, Volume 27, No. 1, January 2007, Carlene Allred

Alaskan Caver

Contents: President’s Corner - A Look At The Burren, By Carlene Allred - New Caving Club Started In Ketchikan - Map Of Bayview Cave, Coronation Island - Map Of Pete’s Pissed Pit, Coronation Island - Map Of Sinkside Cave, Coronation Island - Map Of Improvisation Pit, Coronation Island - Membership List - Who’s Who In Alaskan Caving, By Bruce White - Dr. Science - 2006 Financial Statement

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Mr. Prairie View A&M Scholarship Pageant 2007, Prairie View A&M University Jan 2007

Mr. Prairie View A&M Scholarship Pageant 2007, Prairie View A&M University

Prairie View Pageant

No abstract provided.

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Role Of Protein Kinase Phosphorylation On Sert Oligomerization: A Novel Mechanistic View, Eric Richard Buck Jan 2007

Role Of Protein Kinase Phosphorylation On Sert Oligomerization: A Novel Mechanistic View, Eric Richard Buck

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

The serotonin transporter (SERT) is the primary mechanism for the termination of synaptic signaling. It is of clinical relevance because it is a high-affinity target for therapeutics such as anti-depressants (SSRIs) and drugs of abuse such as cocaine, amphetamine, and 3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy). It is also seen as a protein potentially involved in the etiology underlying disorders such as clinical depression, autism, anxiety-related disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder, and anorexia nervosa among others. SERT has also been found to be a target of protein kinases that exert their effects through phosphorylation. For example, activation of protein kinase C (PKC) decreases SERT …

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Reducing Lung Disease In Cystic Fibrosis: Model Systems And Anti-Inflammatory Treatment, Scotty Mcglothlin Buff Jan 2007

Reducing Lung Disease In Cystic Fibrosis: Model Systems And Anti-Inflammatory Treatment, Scotty Mcglothlin Buff

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common lethal autosomal recessive disease in Caucasians resulting in a median life span of approximately 35 years, is caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). The primary cause of morbidity and mortality is respiratory failure caused by progressive obstructive lung disease. CF airway disease is characterized by the abundance of pro inflammatory cells, chemokines and cytokines with a deficiency of regulatory/anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (lL10). We hypothesized that CF airway obstruction originates from excessive inflammation and gene transfer of IL-I0 would decrease inflammation in the airways of mice infected with Pseudomonas …

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Fish Traps On Ancient Shores, Eric Stephen White Jan 2007

Fish Traps On Ancient Shores, Eric Stephen White

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Archaeological investigations associated with the Lake Cahuilla fish traps have been restricted due to the lack of excavation and experimentation. This thesis addresses a new line of researches, which incorporates not only experimentation and excavation, but also the combination of fish trap design and fish behavior, to more fully explain the working mechanics of ancient fish traps. Not only are these issues examined, but other natural phenomenon, that affect the archaeological record, and its understanding are examined. This thesis relies heavily on biology for its conclusions.

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Evaluation Of Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction For Measuring The Concentration Of Total Bacteria In Environmental Air Samples, Vanessa Louise Stevens Jan 2007

Evaluation Of Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction For Measuring The Concentration Of Total Bacteria In Environmental Air Samples, Vanessa Louise Stevens

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

The air quality of both indoor and outdoor environments is a primary human health content, particularly for individuals that have asthma, respiratory ailments and immune disorders. Airborne microorganisms have been shown to cause a variety of diseases, allergic reactions, and irritations. Universal quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) was compared to the traditional methods of culture analysis and microscopy to determine if it was an effective method to quantitate total bacterial counts in environmental air samples. A composite standard curve was developed using four bacterial species and applied to laboratory cultures and environmental air samples. Two hypotheses were tested, (i) to …

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Ensuring A Responsibility To Protect: Lessons From Darfur, Anonymous Jan 2007

Ensuring A Responsibility To Protect: Lessons From Darfur, Anonymous

Human Rights Brief

No abstract provided.

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