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2007

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The Role Of Cyanide In Oviposition By Heliconius (Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) On Passiflora (Passifloraceae), December 2007, Zach Sheff Dec 2007

The Role Of Cyanide In Oviposition By Heliconius (Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) On Passiflora (Passifloraceae), December 2007, Zach Sheff

Monteverde Institute: Tropical Ecology and Conservation

Vines of the Passifloraceae contain cyanide that deters most potential herbivores but not Heliconius spp. (Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae). Despite their ability to cope with cyanide in Passifloraceae, Heliconius spp may preferentially oviposit on leaves with lower cyanide concentrations, as young larval stages may still be subject to toxicity. Leaf samples both with and without eggs were collected from Passiflora spp. from the Monteverde Butterfly Garden and were assayed for cyanide concentration. There was no significant relationship between cyanide concentration and oviposition (mean concentration with eggs = 6.04 + 9.41 (μg/mg), mean concentration = 11.13 + 18.84 (μg/mg); t = 1.15, p …

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Selection For Survival: Soil Grain Size Preference And Body Size In Wormlion (Vermilio Sp.) Larvae Affect Pit Trap Construction, December 2007, Alice Mccarthy Dec 2007

Selection For Survival: Soil Grain Size Preference And Body Size In Wormlion (Vermilio Sp.) Larvae Affect Pit Trap Construction, December 2007, Alice Mccarthy

Monteverde Institute: Tropical Ecology and Conservation

Sessile predatory larvae rely on their habitats to provide biotic and abiotic factors needed for sufficient prey capture. I examined the hypothesis that for Vermilio sp. (wormlion) larvae, body size and soil grain size affect pit trap size and prey capture efficiency. At the Estación Biológica de Monteverde in Costa Rica. I measured and compared larva size versus pit trap size, put larvae in containers with half fine grain soil (< 2 mm) and half coarse grain soil (2mm to 6mm), tested for preference, and compared size of pit traps constructed in the two soil types. I also dropped ants into pits and measured time to escape and frequency of capture by the larvae. Pit trap size was positively correlated with larva size. Larvae preferred fine grain soil over coarse grain soil ( χ2 = 45.08, df = 1, P < 0.01) and constructed traps less often in coarse grain soil. I found no difference between pit trap sizes in fine and coarse grain soil, yet sample size was small and I noted the trend that ants remained trapped in fine grain soil longer than in coarse grain soil. Preference for fine grain soil indicates habitat selection of larval Vermilio sp. for areas that increase prey capture, therefore promoting the survival of the species.

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Ecotourism As A Driver Of Forest Conservation On Small Farms In Costa Rica, December 2007, Sarah Owens Dec 2007

Ecotourism As A Driver Of Forest Conservation On Small Farms In Costa Rica, December 2007, Sarah Owens

Monteverde Institute: Tropical Ecology and Conservation

Conservation of fragmented forest on private land is instrumental to long-term protection of tropical biodiversity. However, few incentives exist for small landowners to conserve. This study addresses ecotourism as an incentive for forest fragment conservation. Small farmers were interviewed to determine the extent of land in regeneration or protection and the ecotouristic activities on each property. The data suggest that a greater percentage of land is in regeneration on farms with small-scale tourism (20% + 10.1) than on farms with large-scale tourism (12% + 6.0) and no tourism (5% + 2.1; Kruskal-Wallis Test, H = 6.0673, p = 0.0481, N …

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Differential Aboveground Adventitious Root Production By Senecio Cooperi (Asteraceae), December 2007, Nathan J. Ebnet Dec 2007

Differential Aboveground Adventitious Root Production By Senecio Cooperi (Asteraceae), December 2007, Nathan J. Ebnet

Monteverde Institute: Tropical Ecology and Conservation

Previous studies have suggested that aboveground adventitious roots (AARs) are produced by plants in order to extract nutrients from the epiphytes they support (Nadkarni 1981 & 1984). I asked whether Senecio cooperi, a neotropical plant which produces AARs, generates these roots for nutrient absorption, fragmentation establishment, or structural support. I conducted a survey in which I measured multiple characteristics of S. cooperi and their AARs in Monteverde, Costa Rica. Naturally fragmented stems produced more AARs than expected by chance (x2 = 12.80, df = 1, p < 0.05). No purely vertical stems contained AARs associated with the moss mats growing on them. However, vertical stems displayed basal AARs which increased in diameter as both plant height and DBH increased (R2 = 0.330, P < 0.001, N = 50, R2 = 0.402, P < 0.0001, N = 50 respectively). These findings suggest that the naturally occurring role of AARs of S. cooperi are not for nutrient absorption, but rather for structural support and fragmentation regeneration. These functions of AARs allow S. cooperi to be more successful as a pioneer species in disturbed habitats, and highlight the need to reevaluate the functionality of AARs among other plants.

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"Show-Me" No Rice Pharming: An Overview Of The Introduction Of And Opposition To Genetically Engineered Pharmaceutical Crops In The United States, Jillian S. Hishaw Dec 2007

"Show-Me" No Rice Pharming: An Overview Of The Introduction Of And Opposition To Genetically Engineered Pharmaceutical Crops In The United States, Jillian S. Hishaw

Journal of Food Law & Policy

Farmers in California and Missouri have one thing in common- opposition to the production of genetically modified (GM) "pharma" crops.' A pharmaceutical crop, or "pharma" crop, is a plant that has been genetically altered so that it produces proteins which are used as drugs. Pharmaceutical companies can then harvest the crop and isolate the proteins, which may be used to make human or veterinary drugs. Farmers' fears include a variety of health and environmental hazards; in particular, they fear contamination of their regular crops and the associated market loss. These concerns surfaced in both states where Ventria Bioscience announced plans …

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Business German In The Usa Today: Knowing Our Students And Collaborating With Our Colleagues, Stephanie Borst, Ann-Katrin Schenck Dec 2007

Business German In The Usa Today: Knowing Our Students And Collaborating With Our Colleagues, Stephanie Borst, Ann-Katrin Schenck

Global Business Languages

No abstract provided.

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People Profile: Karen Oye, Editor Dec 2007

People Profile: Karen Oye, Editor

Against the Grain

No abstract provided.

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Vertebrate Osmoregulation: A Student Laboratory Exercise Using Teleost Fish, Bernard Rees Dec 2007

Vertebrate Osmoregulation: A Student Laboratory Exercise Using Teleost Fish, Bernard Rees

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Anaerobic metabolism is recruited in vertebrates under conditions of intense exercise or lowered environmental oxygen availability (hypoxia), typically resulting in the accumulation of lactate in blood and tissues. Lactate will be cleared over time after the reoxygenation of tissues, eventually returning to control levels. Here, we present a laboratory exercise developed as part of an upper-level vertebrate physiology class that demonstrates the effects of exercise and hypoxia exposure on blood lactate in fish and the subsequent decrease in lactate during recovery. Typically, the results obtained by students demonstrate that both treatments cause significant increases in blood lactate concentrations (two to …

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Fundulus As The Premier Teleost Model In Environmental Biology: Opportunities For New Insights Using Genomics, Bernard Rees Dec 2007

Fundulus As The Premier Teleost Model In Environmental Biology: Opportunities For New Insights Using Genomics, Bernard Rees

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

A strong foundation of basic and applied research documents that the estuarine fish Fundulus heteroclitus and related species are unique laboratory and field models for understanding how individuals and populations interact with their environment. In this paper we summarize an extensive body of work examining the adaptive responses of Fundulus species to environmental conditions, and describe how this research has contributed importantly to our understanding of physiology, gene regulation, toxicology, and ecological and evolutionary genetics of teleosts and other vertebrates. These explorations have reached a critical juncture at which advancement is hindered by the lack of genomic resources for these …

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Full Page Ads, Editor Dec 2007

Full Page Ads, Editor

Against the Grain

No abstract provided.

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Oprhan Works -- Bringing The Past Into The Present?, Karen Oye Dec 2007

Oprhan Works -- Bringing The Past Into The Present?, Karen Oye

Against the Grain

No abstract provided.

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Design Of An Active Orthotic Device For Joint Management., Steven Clayton Anderson Dec 2007

Design Of An Active Orthotic Device For Joint Management., Steven Clayton Anderson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Existing treatment programs and procedures are incapable of addressing the complications encountered with patients who experience spasticity and hypertonia related joint contractures. Current passive therapy procedures and devices are only capable of managing the extent of joint contractures on patients with chronic and acute onset severe neurological disorders. The project was conceived as a means to develop an active device that is capable of adapting to the state of the joint to mange the extent of contractures and to permit consideration for the prevalence of spastic activity episodes and hypertonia. The project focused on the design of the physical prototype …

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A Novel Inhibitory Mechanism Of Mitochondrion-Dependent Apoptosis By A Herpesviral Protein, Pinghui Feng, Chengyu Liang, Young C. Shin, Xiaofei E, Weijun Zhang, Robyn Gravel, Ting-Ting Wu, Ren Sun, Edward Usherwood, Jae U. Jung Dec 2007

A Novel Inhibitory Mechanism Of Mitochondrion-Dependent Apoptosis By A Herpesviral Protein, Pinghui Feng, Chengyu Liang, Young C. Shin, Xiaofei E, Weijun Zhang, Robyn Gravel, Ting-Ting Wu, Ren Sun, Edward Usherwood, Jae U. Jung

Dartmouth Scholarship

Upon viral infection, cells undergo apoptosis as a defense against viral replication. Viruses, in turn, have evolved elaborate mechanisms to subvert apoptotic processes. Here, we report that a novel viral mitochondrial anti-apoptotic protein (vMAP) of murine gamma-herpesvirus 68 (gammaHV-68) interacts with Bcl-2 and voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) in a genetically separable manner. The N-terminal region of vMAP interacted with Bcl-2, and this interaction markedly increased not only Bcl-2 recruitment to mitochondria but also its avidity for BH3-only pro-apoptotic proteins, thereby suppressing Bax mitochondrial translocation and activation. In addition, the central and C-terminal hydrophobic regions of vMAP interacted with VDAC1. …

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Introduction, Christiane E. Keck, Allen G. Wood Dec 2007

Introduction, Christiane E. Keck, Allen G. Wood

Global Business Languages

No abstract provided.

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If Rumors Were Horses, Katina Strauch Dec 2007

If Rumors Were Horses, Katina Strauch

Against the Grain

No abstract provided.

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Atg Interviews Dr. Medhi Khosrow-Pour, Katina Strauch Dec 2007

Atg Interviews Dr. Medhi Khosrow-Pour, Katina Strauch

Against the Grain

No abstract provided.

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Atg Special Report -- Libraries & The Digital Commons: Eight Principles For An Emerging Ecosystem, Ellen Finnie Duranceau Dec 2007

Atg Special Report -- Libraries & The Digital Commons: Eight Principles For An Emerging Ecosystem, Ellen Finnie Duranceau

Against the Grain

No abstract provided.

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From The Reference Desk, Thomas Gilson Dec 2007

From The Reference Desk, Thomas Gilson

Against the Grain

No abstract provided.

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Will Anyone Adopt The Orphans?, Dan Duncan Dec 2007

Will Anyone Adopt The Orphans?, Dan Duncan

Against the Grain

No abstract provided.

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People Profile: Dan Duncan, Editor Dec 2007

People Profile: Dan Duncan, Editor

Against the Grain

No abstract provided.

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A Fiduciary Duty To Teach Those Who Don't Want To Learn: The Potentially Dangerous Oxymoron Of "College Sports", Richard Salgado Dec 2007

A Fiduciary Duty To Teach Those Who Don't Want To Learn: The Potentially Dangerous Oxymoron Of "College Sports", Richard Salgado

Seton Hall Journal of Sports and Entertainment Law

No abstract provided.

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Estop In The Name Of Love: A Case For Constructive Marriage In Virginia, Andrew W. Scott Dec 2007

Estop In The Name Of Love: A Case For Constructive Marriage In Virginia, Andrew W. Scott

William & Mary Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Journal Of Cave And Karst Studies, Volume 69, No. 3, December 2007, Table Of Contents, National Speleological Society Dec 2007

Journal Of Cave And Karst Studies, Volume 69, No. 3, December 2007, Table Of Contents, National Speleological Society

KIP Articles

No abstract provided.

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Spatial And Temporal Analysis Of Pharmaceutical Concentrations And Chitobiase Activity In The Upper Tennessee River, Justin M. Conley Dec 2007

Spatial And Temporal Analysis Of Pharmaceutical Concentrations And Chitobiase Activity In The Upper Tennessee River, Justin M. Conley

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Tennessee currently has the 3rd highest per capita prescription drug usage rate in the United States, yet no published studies have analyzed Tennessee surface waters for the presence of pharmaceuticals. Composite surface samples were collected upstream and downstream of sewage treatment plants and at the inflow of major tributaries to the Tennessee River to determine the presence and potential sources of pharmaceuticals. Subsurface samples were collected at 7 meters depth to determine differences in occurrence and potential natural degradation. All samples were collected once during each of the four seasons (winter, spring, summer, and fall) to determine yearly variations. Aliquots …

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A Study Of Avian Nest Predation At Audubon Acres In Chattanooga, Tn, Melea R. Langley Dec 2007

A Study Of Avian Nest Predation At Audubon Acres In Chattanooga, Tn, Melea R. Langley

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Predation is believed to be the primary cause of nesting mortality among North American migratory land birds. High rates of nest predation can jeopardize avian reproductive biology by affecting life histories and habitat selection. Artificial nests are commonly used to study nest predation because they allow the researcher to investigate comparative treatments and their impact on predation. Relative nest predation was studied at Audubon Acres in Chattanooga, TN using artificial nests. The study investigated differences in habitat types,nest heights, egg types, and predator types.

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Fostering To Children's Needs Or Fostering To Legislators' Personal Agendas., Tracy Kasparek Dec 2007

Fostering To Children's Needs Or Fostering To Legislators' Personal Agendas., Tracy Kasparek

The Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Race and Social Justice

Legislators and judges must keep their own personal biases of homosexuals out of their analysis, particularly when considering if same-sex couples should be foster parents. Legislators and judges personal biases are rooted in unsubstantiated beliefs that homosexuals are mentally ill, lack the same maternal or parental instincts as hetersexuals, and may turn the children into homosexuals. None of these beliefs are supported by any type of evidence. On the contrary, studies indicate that homosexual couples are as fit for parenting as heterosexual couples. Furthermore, homosexual couples tend to take the hardest children to place such as: minority children, children with …

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Restricting Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research: Creating Life Or Destroying Freedom., Matt Massar Dec 2007

Restricting Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research: Creating Life Or Destroying Freedom., Matt Massar

The Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Race and Social Justice

Abstract Forthcoming.

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The Legal Ethics Of Pediatric Research, Doriane Lambelet Coleman Dec 2007

The Legal Ethics Of Pediatric Research, Doriane Lambelet Coleman

Duke Law Journal

Since the mid- to late 1990s, the scientific and medical research community has sought to increase its access to healthy children for research protocols that involve harm or a risk of harm. This move reverses longstanding policy within that community generally to exclude healthy children from such protocols on the grounds that the research as to them is non-therapeutic, that they are particularly vulnerable to research-related abuses, and that they are unable themselves to give informed consent to their participation. The research community's new posture has been supported by prominent pediatric bioethicists who have argued that unless healthy children are …

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Beyond Foraging: Behavioral Science And The Future Of Institutional Economics, Alexander J. Field Dec 2007

Beyond Foraging: Behavioral Science And The Future Of Institutional Economics, Alexander J. Field

Economics

Institutions affect economic outcomes, but variation in them cannot be directly linked to environmental factors such as geography, climate, or technological availabilities. Game theoretic approaches, based as they typically are on foraging only assumptions, do not provide an adequate foundation for understanding the intervening role of politics and ideology; nor does the view that culture and institutions are entirely socially constructed. Understanding what institutions are and how they influence behavior requires an approach that is in part biological, focusing on cognitive and behavioral adaptations for social interaction favored in the past by group selection. These adaptations, along with their effects …

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Midwest Evaluation Of The Adult Functioning Of Former Foster Youth: Outcomes At Age 21, Mark E. Courtney, Amy Lynn Dworsky, Gretchen Ruth Cusick, Judy Havlicek, Alfred Perez, Thomas E. Keller Dec 2007

Midwest Evaluation Of The Adult Functioning Of Former Foster Youth: Outcomes At Age 21, Mark E. Courtney, Amy Lynn Dworsky, Gretchen Ruth Cusick, Judy Havlicek, Alfred Perez, Thomas E. Keller

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

The Midwest Evaluation of the Adult Functioning of Former Foster Youth (Midwest Study) is a longitudinal study that has been following a sample of young people from Iowa, Wisconsin, and Illinois as they transition out of foster care into adulthood. It is a collaborative effort involving Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago; the University of Wisconsin Survey Center; and the public child welfare agencies in Illinois, Iowa, and Wisconsin. This report concentrates on the outcomes of 21 year old youth as they "age out" of the child welfare system and transition to adulthood.

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