Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2007

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 12181 - 12210 of 14125

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

The Comparative Effectiveness Of Government Interventions On Environmental Performance In The Chemical Industry, Robert L. Glicksman, Dietrich Earnhart Jan 2007

The Comparative Effectiveness Of Government Interventions On Environmental Performance In The Chemical Industry, Robert L. Glicksman, Dietrich Earnhart

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Effective enforcement is crucial to achieving the objectives of the federal environmental statutes. The federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has recognized the importance of effective enforcement, calling it a critical aspect of environmental governance and committing itself to the maintenance of a "credible deterrent" to regulatory violations. Despite the central role of enforcement to achievement of environmental statutory goals, relatively little is known about why regulated entities either do or do not comply. In particular, empirical studies of environmental enforcement are not plentiful, in part because comprehensive data on compliance and enforcement have been difficult to obtain. Although EPA and …

Go to article

Strict Liability In International Environmental Law, Dinah L. Shelton Jan 2007

Strict Liability In International Environmental Law, Dinah L. Shelton

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

The principle that a State is responsible for causing environmental harm outside its territory in breach of an international obligation has been slow to evolve to address the allocation of loss due to accidents. In settling the well-known dispute between the United States and Canada concerning the activities of the Canadian smelter located in Trail, British Columbia, the arbitral tribunal asserted a general duty on the part of the State to protect other States from injurious acts by individuals (both state and non-state actors) within its jurisdictions. The tribunal, however, noted the difficulty determining what constitutes an injurious act, but …

Go to article

Trophic Status Of A Small Mammal Assemblage On Cape Canaveral Air Force Station With An Emphasis On Peromyscus Polionotus Niveiv, Megan Keserauskis Jan 2007

Trophic Status Of A Small Mammal Assemblage On Cape Canaveral Air Force Station With An Emphasis On Peromyscus Polionotus Niveiv, Megan Keserauskis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Successful translocation of a listed species into an area of previous occupation requires knowledge of the habitat needs. The presence of the necessary food items is critical to the successful establishment of a new population; this information is unknown for Peromyscus polionotus niveiventris, the southeastern beach mouse, a threatened subspecies on the east coast of Florida. I used fecal and stable isotope analysis to determine the diet of this subspecies at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Brevard County, Florida, between the autumn of 2003 and the spring of 2005. Six trapping grids were established, three in the dune/swale and three …

Go to article

Knowledge Based Measurement Of Enhancing Brain Tissue In Anisotropic Mr Imagery, Eric Leach Jan 2007

Knowledge Based Measurement Of Enhancing Brain Tissue In Anisotropic Mr Imagery, Eric Leach

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Medical Image Analysis has emerged as an important field in the computer vision community. In this thesis, two important issues in medical imaging are addressed and a solution for each is derived and synergistically combined as one coherent system. Firstly, a novel approach is proposed for High Resolution Volume (HRV) construction by combining different frequency components at multiple levels, which are separated by using a multi-resolution pyramid structure. Current clinical imaging protocols make use of multiple orthogonal low resolution scans to measure the size of the tumor. The highly anisotropic data result in difficulty and even errors in tumor assessment. …

Go to article

Bio 2092g : Environmental Life Sciences, Honors, Biological Sciences Jan 2007

Bio 2092g : Environmental Life Sciences, Honors, Biological Sciences

Approved Course Proposals

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Bio 1150 : Biology Forum, Biological Sciences Jan 2007

Bio 1150 : Biology Forum, Biological Sciences

Approved Course Proposals

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Bio 1092g : Practical Botany, Honors, Biological Sciences Jan 2007

Bio 1092g : Practical Botany, Honors, Biological Sciences

Approved Course Proposals

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Bio 2001g : Human Physiology, Biological Sciences Jan 2007

Bio 2001g : Human Physiology, Biological Sciences

Approved Course Proposals

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Bio 1001g : Biological Principles And Issues, Biological Science Jan 2007

Bio 1001g : Biological Principles And Issues, Biological Science

Approved Course Proposals

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Breeding Season And Molt Cycle Of The Fiddler Crab Uca Rapax (Brachyura, Ocypodidae) In A Subtropical Estuary, Brazil, South America, Daniela Da Silva Castiglioni, Maria Lucia Negreiros-Fransozo, Rosana Carina Flores Cardoso Jan 2007

Breeding Season And Molt Cycle Of The Fiddler Crab Uca Rapax (Brachyura, Ocypodidae) In A Subtropical Estuary, Brazil, South America, Daniela Da Silva Castiglioni, Maria Lucia Negreiros-Fransozo, Rosana Carina Flores Cardoso

Gulf and Caribbean Research

This is the first account of the breeding season and molt cycle of Uca rapax on the Brazilian coast during a one-year period (April 2001-March 2002). At 2 sites, the ltamambuca and Ubatumirim mangrove forests, 2 collectors captured crabs once a month at low tide far 15 minutes by the catch-per-unit-effort procedure, digging into the sediment and removing the crabs. The gonad-development stages of crabs of both sexes were determined by direct observation, and the molt stage was estimated from the hardness of the tegument. Crabs with developed gonads were found mostly in warmer seasons, with ovigerous females occurring mainly …

Go to article

Large Pelagic Fishes In The Caribbean Sea And The Gulf Of Mexico: Current Status And Integrated Management, Mark S. Peterson, Nancy J. Brown-Peterson, James S. Franks Jan 2007

Large Pelagic Fishes In The Caribbean Sea And The Gulf Of Mexico: Current Status And Integrated Management, Mark S. Peterson, Nancy J. Brown-Peterson, James S. Franks

Gulf and Caribbean Research

A symposium convened on 7 November 2006 in conjunction with the 59th annual meeting of the Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute in Belize City, Belize.

Go to article

Distribution Of Molidae In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Gregory L. Fulling, Dagmar Fertl, Kevin Knight, Wayne Hoggard Jan 2007

Distribution Of Molidae In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Gregory L. Fulling, Dagmar Fertl, Kevin Knight, Wayne Hoggard

Gulf and Caribbean Research

We compiled all available sighting, stranding and bycatch data for the Family Molidae (molas) in the northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM) to assess spatial and temporal distribution. Overall, 483 records were collected from shipboard and aerial surveys, fisheries bycatch, and strandings. Molas were recorded year-round, with a ubiquitous distribution in both nearshore and offshore waters. Ocean sunfish (Mola mola) were sighted with greatest frequency during the winter (December thru April) in sea surface temperature < 24° C. Potential reasons for increased sightings during winter may be related to the lack of a well-defined thermocline in the NGOM; the species' "basking" behavior associated with thermoregulation; and oxygen replenishment after long, deep dives to oxygen-deficient depths.

Go to article

Liberty Call And Navy Military Training, Yvette Isabel Bartholomew Jan 2007

Liberty Call And Navy Military Training, Yvette Isabel Bartholomew

OTS Master's Level Projects & Papers

The hypothesis of this research study was as follows: 1. Navy military training using Liberty Call is effective when it comes to teaching new sailors about sexual harassment, fraternization, suicide awareness, drug and alcohol abuse, hazing, discrimination and sexual assault.

Go to article

Effect Of Medicinal Herbal, Panax Notoginseng, On The Fate And Function Of Professional Antigen Presenting Cells, Ava-Gaye Tania Rhule Jan 2007

Effect Of Medicinal Herbal, Panax Notoginseng, On The Fate And Function Of Professional Antigen Presenting Cells, Ava-Gaye Tania Rhule

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Antigen presenting cells (APCs) perform the essential task of integrating responses between the innate and adaptive immune system. Several approaches have been undertaken to manipulate the effects of APCs for therapeutic purposes. Panax notoginseng is a medicinal herb that is purported to possess a number of properties including modulation of the immune system. However, limited information exists on the effects and toxicities of this herbal on APCs. In this regard, we assessed the effects of Panax notoginseng on the fate and function of professional APCs in murine models using macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). APCs were stimulated with the toll-like …

Go to article

Forests And Farming: An Analysis Of Rural Livelihood Programs For Poverty Reduction In Eastern Zambia, Garrett Kenneth Olson Jan 2007

Forests And Farming: An Analysis Of Rural Livelihood Programs For Poverty Reduction In Eastern Zambia, Garrett Kenneth Olson

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

This paper investigates the effectiveness of Joint Forest Management (JFM) and agricultural programs at reducing rural poverty in Zambia. Community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) programs in Africa have been aimed at improving livelihoods, creating tangible benefits, and increasing incomes from forests and forest products through the sustainable use and conservation of forest resources. Agricultural programs have often had similar goals regarding improved livelihoods, benefits, food security, and income generation for soil conservation and reduced forest conversion due to agricultural expansion. With increased rates of deforestation and forest conversion, Zambia is in need of effective measures for the sustainable utilization and …

Go to article

Legitimacy And The Use Of Natural Resources In Kruger National Park, South Africa, Randy Tanner Jan 2007

Legitimacy And The Use Of Natural Resources In Kruger National Park, South Africa, Randy Tanner

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Around the globe, protected area managers confront an increasingly complex web of interests and demands, expressed by a variety parties, that often compete or conflict. When an action concerning the governance and management of a protected area is infused with such complexity, decision-making requires an evaluation of that action's legitimacy. Most often, this evaluation is implicitly made rather than expressly articulated. The purpose of this dissertation was both to illustrate the importance and utility of explicitly evaluating legitimacy and to provide a conceptual framework for understanding how the legitimacy of protected area governance and management may be understood. To better …

Go to article

Modeling The Cumulative Effects Of Forest Fire On Watershed Hydrology: A Post-Fire Application Of The Distributed Hydrology-Soil-Vegetation Model (Dhsvm), Crystal S. Stonesifer Jan 2007

Modeling The Cumulative Effects Of Forest Fire On Watershed Hydrology: A Post-Fire Application Of The Distributed Hydrology-Soil-Vegetation Model (Dhsvm), Crystal S. Stonesifer

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The Distributed Hydrology-Soil-Vegetation Model (DHSVM) was applied to the Eightmile Creek watershed in western Montana. The purpose of this research was primarily to assess the applicability of the model as a cumulative effects assessment tool in the post-fire landscape of a forested watershed in this region. The model was first calibrated to the pre-fire watershed conditions using six years of historic streamflow data. DHSVM was able to accurately simulate the general shape of the measured hydrograph for each of the six simulated water years, and the normalized median absolute error statistics were below the target threshold of 50% for each …

Go to article

Organizing Rural Communities For Effective Citizen Science Programs, Anna Dean Holden Jan 2007

Organizing Rural Communities For Effective Citizen Science Programs, Anna Dean Holden

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Citizen science, or the use of volunteers for scientific projects, is becoming a popular way for agencies and organizations to collect data. The benefits of citizen science include saving the agency or organization resources, educating the community about conservation issues, and promoting land stewardship. Currently, many citizen monitoring organizations are based in urban areas, whereas their projects are located near more rural towns. Research shows that demographics such as area of residence can be a factor in the public’s attitude toward any scientific or land management project (Williams et al, 2002; Kellert, 1978, 1985; Vaske et al, 2001). This fact …

Go to article

Predicting Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea Maculosa) Range Expansion Near Missoula Montana Using Localized Climate And Elevation Data, William Frank Preston Cumming Jan 2007

Predicting Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea Maculosa) Range Expansion Near Missoula Montana Using Localized Climate And Elevation Data, William Frank Preston Cumming

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Since the 1920s spotted knapweed (Centaurea maculosa) has adapted to a variety of habitats, including pastureland, rangeland, hay land, open forests, road sides, and ditches. In 2003 this plant species dominated more than five million acres in Montana, half of the total infestation of noxious weeds in the state. This project demonstrates the utility of using downscaled Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) data for predicting vegetation movement within a 2°×2° geographical area surrounding Missoula County, Montana. This localized climate change data was correlated against current knapweed range using validation data from the Volunteer for Wilderness Program at the …

Go to article

Remote Sensing Applications To Support Sustainable Natural Resource Management, Charles Kenneth Brewer Jan 2007

Remote Sensing Applications To Support Sustainable Natural Resource Management, Charles Kenneth Brewer

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The original design of this dissertation project was relatively simple and straightforward. It was intended to produce one single, dynamic, classification and mapping system for existing vegetation that could rely on commonly available inventory and remote sensing data. This classification and mapping system was intended to provide the analytical basis for resource planning and management. The problems encountered during the first phase of the original design transformed this project into an extensive analysis of the nature of these problems and a decade-long remote sensing applications development endeavor. What evolved from this applications development process is a portion of what has …

Go to article

Repair And Effects Of The 8-Oxog Lesion In Dna, James Joseph Covino Jan 2007

Repair And Effects Of The 8-Oxog Lesion In Dna, James Joseph Covino

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Eukaryotic DNA is packaged in a condensed state with histone proteins. The minimal structural unit within packaged eukaryotic DNA is the nucleosome core particle (NCP). The NCP consists of a 146 bp DNA fragment wrapped around an octamer of histone core proteins. Nucleosome core particle formation induces DNA structural changes and reduced DNA accessibility providing a very different setting than that commonly modeled by in vitro studies. In vitro reconstituted NCP provide a controlled environment that more closely models eukaryotic DNA than studies using naked DNA. Reconstituted NCP studies of DNA damage have exhibited a spectrum of effects compared to …

Go to article

Succession Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Causes, Consequences, And Considerations, Jeffrey Scott Piotrowski Jan 2007

Succession Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Causes, Consequences, And Considerations, Jeffrey Scott Piotrowski

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are soil fungi associations with the majority of terrestrial plants. These fungi may affect a wide range of ecosystem processes from primary productivity to soil stabilization. Understanding the patterns and controls of AMF abundance during succession soil will be critical to predicting and managing ecosystem development. The work presented in chapter 2 is the first to describe changes in the abundance of mycorrhizal types during development of an unregulated floodplain. These findings are important to floodplain regulation and management strategies as they suggest that flow regulation that limits early site formation will limit the ecosystem contributions …

Go to article

Davencourt At Pilgrims Landing Townhome Owners Association V. Davencourt At Pilgrims Landing, Lc; Legrand Woolstenhulme; Michael D. Parry Construction Company, Inc.; And John Does 1-30 : Brief Of Appellee, Utah Supreme Court Jan 2007

Davencourt At Pilgrims Landing Townhome Owners Association V. Davencourt At Pilgrims Landing, Lc; Legrand Woolstenhulme; Michael D. Parry Construction Company, Inc.; And John Does 1-30 : Brief Of Appellee, Utah Supreme Court

Utah Supreme Court Briefs (2000–2020)

Appeal from the Fourth Judicial District Court, Utah County, State of Utah The Honorable James R. Taylor

Go to article

An Analysis Of Gender Differences In Property Crime Arrest Rates, Chanika Renee Jones Jan 2007

An Analysis Of Gender Differences In Property Crime Arrest Rates, Chanika Renee Jones

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation examined the relationship between employment conditions and property-crime arrest rates of working-aged individuals, using gender-specific state-level data from 1979-2001, complied from raw arrest data of the FBI's Uniform Crime Reports and the Census Bureau's annual March Current Population Survey. These data were analyzed using Ordinary Least Squares Regression. The data was disaggregated by gender and underemployment indicators such as percent unemployed, percent subunemployed, percent low wages, and percent low hours, were utilized to test the unemployment-crime relationship. Controls for race, age, and region were also included in this analysis, as they may influence the U-C relationship. The analysis …

Go to article

Electrodeposition Of Multilayered Nanostructures For Giant Magnetoresistance And Thermoelectric Applications, Despina Davis Jan 2007

Electrodeposition Of Multilayered Nanostructures For Giant Magnetoresistance And Thermoelectric Applications, Despina Davis

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The electrodeposition of novel materials such as multilayer nanotubes for giant magneto resistance (GMR) applications and bismuth telluride nanotubes for thermoelectric applications are presented in this dissertation. The motivation for the multilayer electrodeposition is the investigation of giant magnetoresistance (GMR), a change in the material resistance in an applied magnetic field as a consequence of antiferromagnetic coupling. The nanowire high aspect ratio geometry allows the measurement of GMR with the current applied perpendicular to the plane (CPP) of the multilayers, which has been theoretically identified as being larger than the GMR in the (CIP) configuration (current in plane of multilayers). …

Go to article

Engineering A Photo-Control Mechanism For Rna Interference, Richard Andrew Blidner Jan 2007

Engineering A Photo-Control Mechanism For Rna Interference, Richard Andrew Blidner

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

RNA interference (RNAi) is a phenomenon in which RNA molecules elicit potent and sequence-specific post-transcriptional gene silencing. Nucleic acid chemical modifications have been incorporated to improve their pharmacological properties. Despite numerous developments in chemical modifications for increased stability, safety, and efficiency of these therapeutic agents, they still face challenges of spatial and temporal targeting. One potential targeting strategy uses photocaging techniques, which involves the covalent attachment of photolabile compounds to the effector NA species that blocks bioactivity until exposed to near UV-light. This work demonstrates that fully-2’-fluorinated nucleic acids (FNAs) can elicit RNAi and that these effectors are resistant to …

Go to article

Community College Students' Plant Biodiversity Learning Experience In An Introductory Biology Course: Exploring The Value Added By Using A Cd-Rom To Develop Inquiry Lessons, Sandra M. Guzman-Rodriguez Jan 2007

Community College Students' Plant Biodiversity Learning Experience In An Introductory Biology Course: Exploring The Value Added By Using A Cd-Rom To Develop Inquiry Lessons, Sandra M. Guzman-Rodriguez

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This study examined the value added to standard textbook-based instruction of plant biodiversity by the use of the exemplary interactive CD-ROM, Conserving Earth’s Biodiversity. This CD-ROM features renowned conservation figure E.O. Wilson. The setting of the research was an introductory biology course in a rural public community college in the Deep South. Six participants were purposively selected to represent three levels of achievement and two groups, the CD-ROM group (exposed to CD-ROM in addition to the textbook) and the textbook group (only course textbook). Students experienced lecture-based, textual, virtual, and real experiences, and examined their ability to understand biodiversity-related concepts …

Go to article

Genetics Of Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 Tegument Proteins Involved In Virion Morphogenesis And Egress, Preston A. Fulmer Jan 2007

Genetics Of Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 Tegument Proteins Involved In Virion Morphogenesis And Egress, Preston A. Fulmer

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) morphogenesis occurs in multiple stages within infected cells. Initially, the virion capsid assembles within the nucleus and buds through the nuclear membrane into the cytoplasm. Within the cytoplasm, additional tegument proteins attach to the capsid and the fully tegumented capsids bud into trans-Golgi network (TGN) derived vesicles. Enveloped virions are ultimately secreted to extracellular spaces. The process by which the cytoplasmic capsids bud into TGN-derived vesicles is not well understood. The prevalent model calls for specific interactions among viral tegument proteins and membrane proteins and glycoproteins embedded within TGN membranes. To further investigate the roles …

Go to article

Fabrication Of Dna Microarrays On Poly (Methylmethacrylate) Substrates For Biomolecular Reporting, Catherine N. Situma Jan 2007

Fabrication Of Dna Microarrays On Poly (Methylmethacrylate) Substrates For Biomolecular Reporting, Catherine N. Situma

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

DNA microarrays require the use of substrates with well-established surface modification / probe attachment chemistries. Glass/quartz have been widely adopted as typical support materials since their surface modification chemistries which involve the use of siloxane –based chemistries have been widely studied however; these chemistry is susceptible to hydrolytic cleavage especially at high or low pH values. Recently, polymers have been sought as alternative microarray support materials but their surface modification strategies are not well characterized compared to glass. This report will entail surface photo-modification of PMMA polymer substrates by UV irradiation which produces functional scaffolds of carboxylic groups that allow …

Go to article

Effects Of Capping On Biodegradation Of Organic Contaminants In Sediments, Eun Ju Lee Jan 2007

Effects Of Capping On Biodegradation Of Organic Contaminants In Sediments, Eun Ju Lee

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Sediment capping remains an effective remediation technique for contaminated sediments due to its capability to contain contaminants and provide a sound habitat for indigenous biota. This research investigated the effect of capping on biodegradation of organic contaminants in Anacostia River sediments using both experimental and modeling techniques. 14C–Phenanthrene mineralization was monitored under various redox conditions in Anacostia River sediments. Mineralization of 14C–phenanthrene was strongly linked to sulfate reduction, which was the more energetic process than any other anaerobic condition in Anacostia sediments. Sulfate is a more promising terminal electron acceptor for intrinsic degradation in Anacostia River and other PAH contaminated …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last