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2007

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Machine Vision Recognition Of Three-Dimensional Specular Surface For Gas Tungsten Arc Weld Pool, Hongsheng Song Jan 2007

Machine Vision Recognition Of Three-Dimensional Specular Surface For Gas Tungsten Arc Weld Pool, Hongsheng Song

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Observing the weld pool surface and measuring its geometrical parameters is a key to developing the next-generation intelligent welding machines that can mimic a skilled human welder who observes the weld pool to adjust welding parameters. It also provides us an effective way to improve and validate welding process modeling. Although different techniques have been applied in the past few years, the dynamic specular weld pool surface and the strong weld arc complicate these approaches and make the observation /measurement difficult. In this dissertation, a novel machine vision system to measure three-dimensional gas tungsten arc weld pool surface is proposed, …

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Drug Milk To Serum Ratio Prediction And Ontogeny Of Cyp3a Clearance Pathway As A Model Of Drug Exposure In The Developing Rat, Maggie Magdi Abbassi Jan 2007

Drug Milk To Serum Ratio Prediction And Ontogeny Of Cyp3a Clearance Pathway As A Model Of Drug Exposure In The Developing Rat, Maggie Magdi Abbassi

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Transfer of drugs into milk and the clearance of drugs in neonates are critical determinants of the exposure of infants to drugs in breast milk. Models predicting both parameters have been proposed. The objective of this dissertation is to test two models predicting milk to serum ratio and an ontogeny clearance model predicting clearance in the neonate. Predicted milk to serum ratio (M/S) values were generated according to the Atkinson and Begg model. The model did not adequately predict M/S when comparing the predicted values to observed values in the literature. The Fleishaker model was also tested. The model was …

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Oxidative Stress And Mitochondrial Dysfunction In Traumatic Brain Injury In Aging, Changxing Shao Jan 2007

Oxidative Stress And Mitochondrial Dysfunction In Traumatic Brain Injury In Aging, Changxing Shao

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a prominent disease in developed countries, and age is an important factor in functional outcome. Although aged patients typically show diminished recovery compared to young patients, and have higher mortality and morbidity following TBI, the mechanism is not well understood. To date, there is no effective therapeutic for TBI. Previous studies indicate a secondary injury in TBI begins immediately after impact, and is likely the major contribution to delayed neuron dysfunction and loss. Studies also suggest mitochondrial dysfunction and increased free radical species (ROS) production following TBI may play a key role in the process. …

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The Willingness To Pay For The Detection And Treatment Of Vulnerable Plaque Related To Heart Attacks, Patricia L. Ryan Jan 2007

The Willingness To Pay For The Detection And Treatment Of Vulnerable Plaque Related To Heart Attacks, Patricia L. Ryan

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Recent medical studies have led cardiologists to revise theories regarding the cause of heart attacks. Rather than a gradual clogging of the arteries, eruption of a vulnerable plaque is thought to be the cause of approximately 75% of all heart attacks. As a result, traditional risk factors are no longer sufficient indicators of who is at risk for a heart attack. Therefore, this research investigates the willingness to pay (WTP) for a new, hypothetical detection (screening) and treatment method for vulnerable plaque. For this study, two survey instruments were developed that take advantage of the visual and interactive aspects of …

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Cyclooxygenase-2-Dependent Remodeling Of The Ductus Arteriosus, Darshini Trivedi Jan 2007

Cyclooxygenase-2-Dependent Remodeling Of The Ductus Arteriosus, Darshini Trivedi

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Transition of the cardiopulmonary circulation at birth requires functional closure of the ductus arteriosus (DA). The DA is an arterial shunt that is vital in the fetus for diverting the pulmonary circulation away from the uninflated lungs. Failure of the vessel to functionally close after birth is known as patent DA, which is the second most common congenital heart disease. Patent DA may seriously compromise neonatal health and current pharmacological treatments are often limited by serious complications or a significant failure rate, thereby increasing the necessity for surgical intervention. Recently, we were the first to show that genetic or pharmacological …

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Numerical Analysis Of Metal Transfer In Gas Metal Arc Welding, Ge Wang Jan 2007

Numerical Analysis Of Metal Transfer In Gas Metal Arc Welding, Ge Wang

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

In gas metal arc welding (GMAW), metal transfer plays a crucial role in determining the quality of the resultant weld. In the present dissertation, a numerical model with advanced computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques has been developed first in order to provide better numerical results. It includes a two-step projection method for solving the incompressible fluid flow; a volume of fluid (VOF) method for capturing free surface; and a continuum surface force (CSF) model for calculating surface tension. The Gauss-type current density distribution is assumed as the boundary condition for the calculation of the electromagnetic force. The droplet profiles, electric …

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Ambystoma: Perspectives On Adaptation And The Evolution Of Vertebrate Genomes, Jeramiah James Smith Jan 2007

Ambystoma: Perspectives On Adaptation And The Evolution Of Vertebrate Genomes, Jeramiah James Smith

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Tiger salamanders, and especially the Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum), are important model organisms in biological research. This dissertation describes new genomic resources and scientific results that greatly extend the utility of tiger salamanders. With respect to new resources, this dissertation describes the development of expressed sequence tags and assembled contigs, a comparative genome map, a web-portal that makes genomic information freely available to the scientific community, and a computer program that compares structure features of organism genomes. With respect to new scientific results, this dissertation describes a quantitative trait locus that is associated with ecologically and evolutionarily relevant …

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Abstract For A Look At Attitude And Achievement As A Result Of Self-Regulated Learning In The Algebra I Classroom, Darin Craig Schroeder Jan 2007

Abstract For A Look At Attitude And Achievement As A Result Of Self-Regulated Learning In The Algebra I Classroom, Darin Craig Schroeder

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Not often do mathematics teachers instruct to improve students' attitudes toward mathematics. The pressures to cover the state-mandated curriculum drive teachers to instruct for procedural understanding with few connections. The lack of real-life connections results in students with low motivation toward mathematics and results in poor mathematics attitude (Ma andamp; Kishor, 1997). The purpose of this mixed-methods research is to examine self-regulated learning as an instructional technique aimed at increasing mathematical attitudes while also increasing achievement and to reveal barriers to its implementation in the classroom.The research study involved an intervention in a Mid-South urban high school at the 9th …

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Sic Based Solid State Power Controller, Xiaohu Feng Jan 2007

Sic Based Solid State Power Controller, Xiaohu Feng

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The latest generation of fighter aircraft utilizes a 270Vdc power system [1]. Such high voltage DC power systems are difficult to protect with conventional circuit breakers because the current does not automatically go to zero twice per cycle during a fault like it does in an AC power system and thus arcing of the contacts is a problem. Solid state power controllers (SSPCs) are the solid state equivalent of a circuit breaker that do not arc and which can respond more rapidly to a fault than a mechanical breaker [2]. Present SSPCs are limited to lower voltages and currents by …

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New Bioinformatic Techniques For The Analysis Of Large Datasets, Justin Clay Harris Jan 2007

New Bioinformatic Techniques For The Analysis Of Large Datasets, Justin Clay Harris

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

A new era of chemical analysis is upon us. In the past, a small number of samples were selected from a population for use as a statistical representation of the entire population. More recently, advancements in data collection rate, computer memory, and processing speed have allowed entire populations to be sampled and analyzed. The result is massive amounts of data that convey relatively little information, even though they may contain a lot of information. These large quantities of data have already begun to cause bottlenecks in areas such as genetics, drug development, and chemical imaging. The problem is straightforward: condense …

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Investigations Of Circadian Regulation And Immune-Circadian Interaction In The Horse, Barbara Anne Murphy Jan 2007

Investigations Of Circadian Regulation And Immune-Circadian Interaction In The Horse, Barbara Anne Murphy

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The circadian system provides animals with a means to adapt internal physiology to the constantly changing environmental stimuli that exists on a rotating planet. Light information is translated into molecular timing mechanisms within individual pacemaker cells of the mammalian hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) via transcriptionaltranslational feedback loops. Humoral and neural outputs from this master clock result in circadian rhythms of physiology and behavior. The hierarchy of the circadian system involves SCN synchronization of cellular clocks within peripheral tissues so that differential transcriptional profiles in individual organs reflect their specific function. The first step to investigating equine circadian regulation was to …

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Characterization And Flow Physics Of Plasma Synthetic Jet Actuators, Arvind Santhanakrishnan Jan 2007

Characterization And Flow Physics Of Plasma Synthetic Jet Actuators, Arvind Santhanakrishnan

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Plasma synthetic jet actuators are investigated experimentally, in which the geometrical design of single dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD) plasma actuators is modified to produce zero-mass flux jets similar to those created by mechanical devices. The SDBD plasma actuator consists of two rectangular electrodes oriented asymmetrically and separated by a layer of dielectric material. Under an input of high voltage, high frequency AC or pulsed DC, a region of plasma is created in the interfacial air gap on account of electrical breakdown of the ambient air. A coupling between the electric field in the plasma and the neutral air near the …

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Essays In Health Economics, Rachel Pauline Lange Jan 2007

Essays In Health Economics, Rachel Pauline Lange

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Health and health care are dominant economic and political issues in the United States and many other countries. This dissertation contains two essays addressing different subjects within the field of health economics. The first essay is labor market oriented: An Economic Analysis of the Effects of Obesity on Wages. It examines the effects of overweight and obesity on the wages of men and women. The second essay, An Economic Analysis of the Impact on Health Care of Certain Medicare Provisions of the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 examines changes in the treatment of Medicare patients in light of reimbursement changes …

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Gmres On A Tridiagonal Toeplitz Linear System, Wei Zhang Jan 2007

Gmres On A Tridiagonal Toeplitz Linear System, Wei Zhang

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The Generalized Minimal Residual method (GMRES) is often used to solve a nonsymmetric linear system Ax = b. But its convergence analysis is a rather difficult task in general. A commonly used approach is to diagonalize A = XΛX-1 and then separate the study of GMRES convergence behavior into optimizing the condition number of X and a polynomial minimization problem over As spectrum. This artificial separation could greatly overestimate GMRES residuals and likely yields error bounds that are too far from the actual ones. On the other hand, considering the effects of both As spectrum and the conditioning of X …

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Identification And Characterization Of Proteins That Interact With Agamous-Like 15 (Agl15), A Mads-Domain Transcription Factor That Preferentially Accumulates In The Plant Embryo, Kristine Hill Jan 2007

Identification And Characterization Of Proteins That Interact With Agamous-Like 15 (Agl15), A Mads-Domain Transcription Factor That Preferentially Accumulates In The Plant Embryo, Kristine Hill

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

AGAMOUS-Like 15 (AGL15) encodes a MADS-domain transcription factor that is preferentially expressed in the plant embryo, and may function as a regulator in embryonic developmental programs. A number of direct downstream targets of AGL15 have been identified, and while some of these target genes are induced in response to AGL15, others are repressed. Additionally, direct target genes have been analyzed that exhibit strong association with AGL15 in vivo, yet in vitro, AGL15 binds only weakly. Taken together these data suggest that AGL15 may form heterodimers, or ternary complexes with other proteins, thus modulating the specificity and function of AGL15 in …

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Use Of In-Situ Fish Populations For Biomonitoring Polychlorinated Biphenyl And Metal Pollution In Moderately Impacted Freshwater Streams, David John Price Jan 2007

Use Of In-Situ Fish Populations For Biomonitoring Polychlorinated Biphenyl And Metal Pollution In Moderately Impacted Freshwater Streams, David John Price

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Water, sediments, floodplain soils, and fish from Big and Little Bayou creeks were assessed for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and metals in 1987-2005. The streams were impacted by effluents from the Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant (PGDP). PCBs were rarely detected in water samples. Aroclor 1248 detections in sediments and floodplains were sporadic, but 1254 and 1260 were consistent. Seasonal variations were only observed for Aroclor 1248. Detection of PCBs in floodplains indicated recent influx of contaminated sediments. Species-specific PCB residues patterns were studied for Lepomis cyanellus, L. megalotis, L. macrochirus, and Campostoma anomalum. Highest PCB concentrations were found in stoneroller minnows. …

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Interactions Between Structures In The Appalachian And Ouachita Foreland Beneath The Gulf Coastal Plain, Donald Matthew Surles Jan 2007

Interactions Between Structures In The Appalachian And Ouachita Foreland Beneath The Gulf Coastal Plain, Donald Matthew Surles

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

In Alabama, the Paleozoic Appalachian thrust belt plunges southwest beneath the Mesozoic-Cenozoic Gulf Coastal Plain. In Arkansas, the Paleozoic Ouachita thrust belt plunges southeast beneath the Coastal Plain. The strikes of the exposed thrust belts suggest an intersection beneath the Coastal Plain. Well data and seismic reflection profiles confirm the strike and intersection of the thrust belts, and provide information to determine the structure and general stratigraphy of each thrust belt. In east-central Mississippi, the Appalachian thrust belt curves from the regional northeast trace to westward at the intersection with the southeastern terminus of the Ouachita thrust belt, to northwest …

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Characterization Of Carbon Nanotubes Based Resistive And Capacitive Gas Sensors, Ning Ma Jan 2007

Characterization Of Carbon Nanotubes Based Resistive And Capacitive Gas Sensors, Ning Ma

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

A preliminary gas detection study was conducted on as-grown multi-walled carbon nanotubes and anodized aluminum oxide (MWNTs/AAO) template. The material demonstrated room temperature gas sensitivity and p-type semiconductor characteristics. Plasma-etched MWNTs/AAO templates were employed to construct capacitive gas sensors. The capacitances of the sensors were sensitive to both reducing and oxidizing gases at room temperature. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) dispersed in binder andamp;aacute;-terpineol were applied on sensor platforms to form resistive gas sensors. The sensors demonstrated excellent sensitivity to low concentrations of reducing and oxidizing gases at room temperature, which suggests the p-type semiconducting behavior of SWNTs. The sensor recovery …

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Influences Of Chromium (Iii) Picolinate On Pigs Under Thermal, Immune Or Dietary Stress, And On Adrenal Steroid Secretion, Beob Gyun Kim Jan 2007

Influences Of Chromium (Iii) Picolinate On Pigs Under Thermal, Immune Or Dietary Stress, And On Adrenal Steroid Secretion, Beob Gyun Kim

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The objectives were to investigate the effects of chromium (III) picolinate (CrPic; up to 2,000 ppb of Cr) on growing pigs subjected to a variety of stressors including thermal, immune, or dietary stress and to examine the effects of CrPic on steroidogenesis from adrenocortical cells. In the thermal stress study, high ambient temperature caused reduced weight gain and feed consumption (P andlt; 0.01), and low ambient temperature caused increased feed intake and feed:gain (P andlt; 0.01). However, these effects were not moderated by CrPic, and respiratory rate, plasma cortisol, or plasma glucose were unaffected by CrPic. In the immune stress …

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Operating Speed Prediction Models For Horizontal Curves On Rural Four-Lane Non-Freeway Highways, Huafeng Gong Jan 2007

Operating Speed Prediction Models For Horizontal Curves On Rural Four-Lane Non-Freeway Highways, Huafeng Gong

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

One of the significant weaknesses of the design speed concept is that it uses the design speed of the most restrictive geometric element as the design speed of the entire road. This leads to potential inconsistencies among successive sections of a road. Previous studies documented that a uniform design speed does not guarantee consistency on rural two-lane facilities. It is therefore reasonable to assume that similar inconsistencies could be found on rural four-lane non-freeway highways. The operating speed-based method is popularly used in other countries for examining design consistency. Numerous studies have been completed on rural two-lane highways for predicting …

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Precooling And Running Economy, Molly Rebecca Winke Jan 2007

Precooling And Running Economy, Molly Rebecca Winke

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Precooling, or a reduction in core temperature (Tc) has been demonstrated to be a potent enhancer of endurance running performance, however there is no known mechanism for this improvement. By holding the exercise workload constant, changes in variables such as running economy (RE), heart rate, and ventilation (VE) can be determined as a result of precooling. Improved running economy, or a reduced oxygen cost of a specific workload, is linked to improved exercise performance. Purpose: To determine the changes in flexibility, RE, heart rate, VE, and Tc during running at a constant workload following cool water immersion and to determine …

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The Boethian Vision Of Eternity In Old, Middle, And Early Modern English Translations Of De Consolatione Philosophi, Kenneth Carr Hawley Jan 2007

The Boethian Vision Of Eternity In Old, Middle, And Early Modern English Translations Of De Consolatione Philosophi, Kenneth Carr Hawley

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

While this analysis of the Old, Middle, and Early Modern English translations of De Consolatione Philosophiandamp;aelig; provides a brief reception history and an overview of the critical tradition surrounding each version, its focus is upon how these renderings present particular moments that offer the consolation of eternity, especially since such passages typify the work as a whole. For Boethius, confused and conflicting views on fame, fortune, happiness, good and evil, fate, free will, necessity, foreknowledge, and providence are only capable of clarity and resolution to the degree that one attains to knowledge of the divine mind and especially to knowledge …

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Cuba Como Geografia Literaria En La Narrativa Catalana Contemporanea, Nuria Sabate-Llobera Jan 2007

Cuba Como Geografia Literaria En La Narrativa Catalana Contemporanea, Nuria Sabate-Llobera

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Since the 1940s, many works of Catalan literature have taken place in Cuba. While anthologies mention the genre, there has been as of yet no thorough examination of the importance of this trend. Starting with the long history of the relationship between Catalonia and Cuba, this dissertation employs a transatlantic approach to understanding the significance of the island to Catalan literature and identity. The Catalan protagonists, through their contact with Cuba, undergo change that is accompanied by a redefinition of both personal and national identity. The thesis is structured by various journeys from the Mediterranean to the Caribbean. In Por …

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Polymorphism Of Four Enantiotropic Crystalline Systems Containing Ni(Ii), H2O, 15-Crown-5 And No3-, Maxime Andre Siegler Jan 2007

Polymorphism Of Four Enantiotropic Crystalline Systems Containing Ni(Ii), H2O, 15-Crown-5 And No3-, Maxime Andre Siegler

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The series of compounds [M(H2O)2(15-crown-5)](NO3)2, M = Mg, Mn, Co, Cu and Zn, has been extended to include two new phases for M = Fe and two new phases for M = Ni. The system [M(H2O)2(15-crown-5)](NO3)2 is remarkable for having many high-Z’ phases (Z’ > 1) with similar packing and for having solid-solid phase transitions through which there is no significant loss of crystallinity. The synthesis of the analogous Ni complex was carried out. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction showed …

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Characterization Of Colloidal Nanoparticle Aggregates Using Light Scattering Techniques, Mehmet Kozan Jan 2007

Characterization Of Colloidal Nanoparticle Aggregates Using Light Scattering Techniques, Mehmet Kozan

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Light scattering is a powerful characterization tool for determining shape, size, and size distribution of fine particles, as well as complex, irregular structures of their aggregates. Small angle static light scattering and elliptically polarized light scattering techniques produce accurate results and provide real time, non-intrusive, and in-situ observations on prevailing process conditions in three-dimensional systems. As such, they complement conventional characterization tools such as SEM and TEM which have their known disadvantages and limitations. In this study, we provide a thorough light scattering analysis of colloidal tungsten trioxide (WO3) nanoparticles in the shape of irregular nanospheres and cylindrical nanowires, and …

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Applications Of Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Composites: Mechanical, Electrical And Thermal Properties, Matthew Collins Weisenberger Jan 2007

Applications Of Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Composites: Mechanical, Electrical And Thermal Properties, Matthew Collins Weisenberger

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Carbon nanotubes have now been a subject of intense research for approaching two decades. Although a short time relative to most conventional materials, much hype about the intrinsic properties of this material has now been substantiated by experiment. The results are conclusive that carbon nanotubes are truly phenomenal materials with highly desirable mechanical, electrical and thermal properties. Furthermore, multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) have emerged as the most economically viable and abundant form of carbon nanotubes, and therefore the most likely candidate for application. The key materials engineering challenge remains in effectively transferring their properties to macro-scale materials in the form …

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Aging And The Dynorphinergic System: Evaluation Of Memory And Motor Systems In Prodynorphin Knockout Mice, Xuan V. Nguyen Jan 2007

Aging And The Dynorphinergic System: Evaluation Of Memory And Motor Systems In Prodynorphin Knockout Mice, Xuan V. Nguyen

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Dynorphins, endogenous peptide neurotransmitters expressed in the central nervous system, have been implicated in diverse pathophysiological processes, including excitotoxicity, chronic inflammation, traumatic injury, cognitive impairment, and motor dysfunction, with significant changes with aging or age-related disease processes. This has led to the hypothesis that the suppression of dynorphin expression would produce beneficial effects on learning and memory and motor function. To assess the phenotypic manifestations of chronic suppression of endogenous dynorphin, knockout (KO) mice lacking the coding exons of the gene encoding the prodynorphin (Pdyn) precursor protein, were tested in a series of behavioral, biochemical, and molecular biological studies. Moderately …

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Dynamic Voltage Scaling For Priority-Driven Scheduled Distributed Real-Time Systems, Chenxing Wang Jan 2007

Dynamic Voltage Scaling For Priority-Driven Scheduled Distributed Real-Time Systems, Chenxing Wang

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Energy consumption is increasingly affecting battery life and cooling for real- time systems. Dynamic Voltage and frequency Scaling (DVS) has been shown to substantially reduce the energy consumption of uniprocessor real-time systems. It is worthwhile to extend the efficient DVS scheduling algorithms to distributed system with dependent tasks. The dissertation describes how to extend several effective uniprocessor DVS schedul- ing algorithms to distributed system with dependent task set. Task assignment and deadline assignment heuristics are proposed and compared with existing heuristics concerning energy-conserving performance. An admission test and a deadline com- putation algorithm are presented in the dissertation for dynamic …

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The Use Of The Mmpi-A Short Form For Identifying Students With Emotionality In The Schools, Matthew Turner Jan 2007

The Use Of The Mmpi-A Short Form For Identifying Students With Emotionality In The Schools, Matthew Turner

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

This study investigated the utility of the MMPI-A short form described by Archer, Tirrell, and Elkins (2001) for detecting the presence of emotionality in adolescents in the school setting. Students were placed in one of three groups based on their performance on an established and frequently used self-report measure of personality, the Behavior Assessment System for Children-II (BASC- 2). Subjects who had significant elevations on one or more of the scales in Internalizing Index on the BASC-2 were placed in the Clinical group and subjects who had significant elevations on one or more of the scales the School Problems Index …

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Controlled Release Of Osteotropic Molecules Stimulates In Vitro Cellular Activity And In Vivo Local Bone Regeneration, Ju Hyeong Jeon Jan 2007

Controlled Release Of Osteotropic Molecules Stimulates In Vitro Cellular Activity And In Vivo Local Bone Regeneration, Ju Hyeong Jeon

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Bone defects treatment and reconstructive surgery continues to increase at a significant rate. Current bone defect treatments are autotransplantation, allograft, and xenografts create many problems such as, inflammation, infection and chronic pain. Moreover, allografts and xenografts arouse immune rejection. These problems have led to development of controlled release system for use as alternatives to autografts, allografts and xenografts in bone repair. There have been many approaches for sustained drug delivery in local bone regeneration using biodegradable polymers and osteotropic biomolecules. This dissertation presents new approaches that apply intermittent drug delivery for local bone regeneration. In the first, the osteotropic molecules …

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