Digital Commons Network^™

Nitrogen Contribution Of Peanut Residue To Cotton In A Conservation Tillage System, B. Meso, K. S. Balkcom, C. W. Wood, J. F. Adams

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Leguminous crops, particularly winter annuals, have been utilized in conservation systems to partially meet nitrogen (N) requirements of succeeding summer cash crops. Previous research also highlights the benefits of utilizing summer annual legumes in rotation with non-leguminous crops. This study assessed the N contribution of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) residues to a subsequent cotton (Gossypium hirsitum L.) crop in a conservation system on a Dothan sandy loam (fine-loamy, kaolinitic, thermic Plinthic Kandiudults) at Headland, AL during the 2003–2005 growing seasons. Treatments were arranged in a split plot design, with main plots of peanut residue retained or removed from …

Evaluation Of An Education Intervention For The Staff On The Head Of The Bed Elevation In The Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Randall Johnson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Elevating the head of bed (HOB) reduces risks for aspiration and ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) in the adult population. Educational interventions have resulted in improvements in achieving a target HOB elevation of 30° in adults. Limited research has addressed this intervention in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). The aim of this study was to determine if an educational intervention for the PICU staff would result in improvement in the HOB elevation in the PICU. Four research questions were studied: 1) What is the common practice related to the elevation of the HOB in the PICU? 2) Is there a …

Assessing Rodenticide Hazards: Improving The Art And Science Of Risk Assessment, John J. Johnston

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Non-target hazards represent the most significant hurdle to the continued and possibly expanded use of anticoagulant rodenticides. In addition to the possibility of non-target access to the rodenticide bait, non-target scavenger and/or predator species may be exposed to these rodenticides via feeding on the carcasses of poisoned target species. Risk assessments provide a means to estimate the probability of rodenticide associated effects to target and non-target species. Quantification of risk provides critical information for decision-makers to weigh the benefits versus the risks of proposed rodenticide uses. This manuscript reports on the development of a probabilistic risk assessment model for quantifying …

Beyond Organic: Defining Alternatives To Usda Certified Organic, Jennifer Ann Von Sehlen

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Since the inception of the National Organic Program (NOP) housed within the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the substantial growth of the organic food market has garnered both enthusiasm and criticism. While large farm operations and food companies boast a significant reduction in the use of pesticides and synthetic fertilizers as a result of more crop land being converted to organic production, small-scale organic farmers are feeling the financial pinch as industry takes over the once niche market. The USDA has received much criticism for defining organic in a way that appears to favor special interests, including industrial-size organic …

A Comprehensive Case Report Of University Of Montana Forensic Collection Case #141, Yasuko Takebe

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

UMFC case #141 was acqired in spring 2006, as a commercially prepared anatomical specimen, reportedly from the Peoples Republic of China. It is a nealy complete skeleton that exhibits severe trauma of hte lower limbs. I reviewed the literature on methods of estimating age from the skeleton, because age is difficult to estimate for this case nad presents an interesting challenge. I then proceeded to estimate sex, ancestry, age, stature, and weight. I conclude that UMFC #141 is a White male, 39 to 45 years old, 5'0" to 5'4" in height, 110 to 161 pounds in weight. Healed fractures of …

Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 84, No. 3, 2007)

Virginia Dental Journal

No abstract provided.

Holistic Transformation Program : A Descriptive Study Of Christian Zheng Sheng Association, Alman Siu-Cheuk Chan

ATS Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Promoting Parental Involvement Among Latino Parents At Glen View Elementary School, Maricela Ortiz

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

This project was designed to increase Latino parents' knowledge regarding how to get more involved in their children's education. Research has shown that children do better in school when their parents participate in their education. Therefore, the ultimately purpose of this project was to maximize children's full learning potential through coordinating a field trip to the library and giving to presentations, one on healthy habits at home and the other on homework strategies. When this project was completed, the participants indicated that their knowledge increased and that they felt more motivated to get more involved in their children's education.

Fda Jurisdiction: A Matter Of Definitions, Lewis Grossman

Contributions to Books

This chapter, new in the third edition, concerns how Congress, the Food and Drug Administration, and the courts have treated the definitions of "food," "drug," "cosmetic," "device," and "human biological product." The scope of FDA's power is delineated almost entirely by the list of product categories over which it has jurisdiction. As the materials in this chapter show, the product definitions are strikingly broad and thus confer jurisdiction over a vast range of goods. Furthermore, the definitions are remarkably plastic, providing FDA with great flexibility to decide whether and how to regulate products. Sometimes FDA has interpreted the definitions expansively, …

In A Democracy, Are Some Citizens More Important Than Others?, Sharyn J. Potter

The University Dialogue

No abstract provided.

Electromyographic Data Do Not Support A Progressive Recruitment Of Muscle Fibers During Exercise Exhibiting A Vo2 Slow Component, Daniel T. Cannon, Fred W. Kolkhorst, Daniel Cipriani

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

The origin of the slow component (SC) of oxygen uptake kinetics, presenting during exercise above the ventilatory threshold (VT), remains unclear. Possible physiologic mechanisms include a progressive recruitment of type II muscle fibers. The purpose of this study was to examine alterations in muscle activity through electromyography (EMG) and mean power frequency (MPF) analysis during heavy cycling exercise. Eight trained cyclists (mean±S.E.; age=30±3 years, height=177±4 cm, weight=73.8±6.5 kg, VO2max=4.33±0.28lmin−1) completed transitions from 20 W to a workload equaling 50% of the difference between VT and VO2max. VO2 was monitored using a breath-by-breath measurement system, and EMG data were gathered from …

Influence Of A Functional Knee Brace And Exercise On Lower Extremity Kinematics During Jogging, Brian M. Campbell, Daniel Cipriani, James A. Yaggie

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

ABSTRACT Context: Functional knee braces (FKB) are used prophylactically and in rehabilitation to aide in the functional stability of the knee joint. Objective: To determine if alterations in sagittal plane lower extremity kinematics remain evident throughout a one hour period in healthy individuals. Design: 2X5 repeated measures design. Setting: Biomechanics Laboratory. Subjects: Twenty subjects (14 male and 6 female, mean age 26.5±7 yrs; height 172.4±13 cm; weight 78.6±9 kg), separated into braced (B) and no brace (NB) groups. Intervention: A one-hour exercise program divided into three 20 minute increments. Main Outcome Measures: Synchronized three-dimensional …

An Examination Of The Effectiveness Of Community-Based Participatory Research Projects In Producing Intended Health Outcomes, John Won Lee

Open Access Dissertations

Although community-based participatory research (CBPR) projects continue to grow in popularity, their effectiveness in producing positive health outcomes is not well understood. Through the examination of the outcome data of such projects, the current study sought to (i) answer the research question, "what is the evidence that CBPR projects can generate intended health outcomes?" (ii) identify and assess attributes of CBPR initiatives which may be related to the production of positive health outcomes, and (iii) test the research hypothesis: the level of community participation in defining the research question combined with the level community participation in decision making positively predicts …

The Interplay Of Obesity And Asthma, James Plumb, Rickie Brawer, Nancy Brisbon

Department of Family & Community Medicine Faculty Papers

The relationships, interactions, and association between obesity and asthma are complex, and are active sources of hypotheses and research. An association between obesity and asthma has been reported in many studies, although considerable debate about the existence of the association and its meaning still exists. Potential associative relationships may result from genetics, immune system modifications, and mechanical mechanisms. The rising prevalence of asthma and obesity in children and adults, and the significant morbidity from both, makes it imperative that clinicians recognize the importance of weight management in patients with and without asthma.

Chemical Defenses: From Compounds To Communities, Valerie J. Paul, Koty H. Sharp

Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications

Marine natural products play critical roles in the chemical defense of many marine organisms and in some cases can influence the community structure of entire ecosystems. Although many marine natural products have been studied for biomedical activity, yielding important information about their biochemical effects and mechanisms of action, much less is known about ecological functions. The way in which marine consumers perceive chemical defenses can influence their health and survival and determine whether some natural products persist through a food chain. This article focuses on selected marine natural products, including okadaic acid, brevetoxins, lyngbyatoxin A, caulerpenyne, bryostatins, and isocyano terpenes, …

Structural And Signaling Elements Important For The Efficient Degradation Of Bhmt Through Macroautophagy, Carol A. Mercer

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Healthy cells maintain a dynamic and responsive intracellular environment that is marked by the synthesis and degradation of proteins, complex macromolecules and organelles. Autophagy, literally "self-eating," is a mechanism that delivers cellular cargo to the lytic compartment for digestion. Defects in the regulation of autophagy have been implicated in pathologies such as cancer and neurodegenerative disease, making the study of its regulation compelling. However, few studies have looked at the regulation of mammalian autophagy as a function of a specific cargo protein. Previous studies had indicated that the metabolic enzyme betaine homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT) is degraded through an autophagic mechanism. …

Evaluation Of Immune Response To Hepatitis B Vaccine In Health Care Workers At A Tertiary Care Hospital In Pakistan: An Observational Prospective Study, Mohammad Zeeshan, Kauser Jabeen, Anita Nausheen Akbar Ali, Ailia Wilayat Ali, Saadia Z Farooqui, Vikram Mehraj, Afia Zafar

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Background: Seroconversion rates reported after Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination globally ranges from 85–90%. Health care workers (HCWs) are at high risk of acquiring HBV and non responders' rates after HBV vaccination were not reported previously in Pakistani HCWs. Therefore we evaluated immune response to HBV vaccine in HCWs at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.
Methods: Descriptive observational study conducted at Aga Khan University from April 2003 to July 2004. Newly HBV vaccinated HCWs were evaluated for immune response by measuring serum Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) levels, 6 weeks post vaccination.
Results: Initially 666 employees were included …

Evaluation Of The Nutritional Quality Of Twelve Species Of Grass Tolerant To Salt And Drought In Function To Their Dry Matter Accumulation Curve In The Tamborada Region, Julio César Bustamante Alavi

Theses and Dissertations

Currently, livestock production in the Andean highlands of Bolivia is done with low food efficiency due to the free range grazing system. This in turn leads to nutritional deficiencies. Therefore, it is necessary to substitute these grass species for others that fulfill nutritional requirements. Our main objective was to determine the species of grass with the best nutritional quality. Of the 12 species, only 11 were analyzed because the species Didtichlis stricta did not germinate. Five monthly samples were taken after the cut (ddc) at the following intervals: 50, 81, 112, 141, and 176 days. These samples were analyzed in …

Pet Ownership To Weight Status: A Path Analysis, Elizabeth Kingsley Casey

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Research suggests that a multidimensional approach to obesity that addresses physiological, psychological, social, and environmental factors is optimal. Stress and self-esteem, as well as eating and exercise behaviors have been named as important factors in obesity. Curiously, although pets have been shown to reduce stress and are associated with higher self-esteem and cardiovascular health, the relationship between pet ownership and weight status has not been explored. A path analysis of the direct and indirect effects of pet ownership on stress, self-esteem, physical activity, eating behavior, and Body Mass Index failed to reveal a clear path linking pet ownership to weight …

Foodborne Infections And The Global Food Supply: Improving Health At Home And Abroad, Robert V. Tauxe

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

In recent years, fourteen percent of the U.S. food supply has been imported from other countries, including many fresh and perishable foods. Although most outbreaks of illness and individual cases are related to foods from the United States, large and unusual outbreaks have been traced to imported foods that were likely contaminated in the country of origin. Investigation of these outbreaks requires collaboration across several disciplines as well as across international borders. Successful investigation can not only control the original problem, but can also inform public authorities in both countries about the need for strategies to prevent similar outbreaks from …

Food Safety And Security: What Tragedy Teaches Us About Our 100-Year-Old Food Laws, Caroline S. Dewaal

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The United States food safety system is antiquated and failing. The laws that form the foundation of our food protection and govern the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) were enacted over 100 years ago. While some new powers were given to FDA with the Bioterrorism Act of 2002, funding has not kept pace. Safe Food International (SF), a coalition of consumer organizations from around the world, created a set of guidelines outlining an ideal national food safety program. The current system in the United States falls short of that goal. The outbreaks …

Legislative Implementation Of The Food Chain Approach, Jessica Vapnek

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Food safety is an essential element of food security, since "adequate" food means food that is not only available, but also safe. Food safety systems have traditionally focused on end-product testing, which is an unsatisfactory means of ensuring safe food. An increasing focus on prevention has spurred interest in a food chain approach, which aims to control all steps in the food chain from production to consumption. Although the approach has drawn international attention in recent years, national lawmakers have lacked guidance on its implementation. This Article serves that need. Part II of the Article describes the international backdrop to …

The Limits Of International Human Rights Law And The Role Of Food Sovereignty In Protecting People From Further Trade Liberalization Under The Doha Round Negotiations, Wenonah Hauter

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

International free trade agreements under the auspices of the World Trade Organization (WTO) seriously undermine the international human right to adequate food. Conceivably, those deprived should be able to seek redress under Article 11 of the International. Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), which spells out the right to adequate food. Unfortunately, while the concept of the right to adequate food has developed substantially since its inception, its implementation has been slow. It is not a well-developed tool for individuals or the groups representing them to redress harms that will likely result from the current Doha Round negotiations …

Paths To Local Food Security: A Right To Food, A Commitment To Trade, Marsha A. Echols

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

International bodies and nation-states attending international meetings on the subject have agreed that there is a "right to food." The first Millennium Development Goal, in which members of the United Nations General Assembly agreed to halve the number of persons without adequate food by the year 2015, complements this right to food. Many persons believe that the right to food--especially at the national level--is linked to national food self-sufficiency. Opponents of this view argue that self-sufficiency is economically irrational in many territories. Others believe that for many countries, particularly nations in sub-Saharan Africa, a government's obligation to ensure food security …

Strafford County 2006 Annual Report Of The Commissioners, Treasurer, Other County Officers And The Strafford County Delegation Strafford County, New Hampshire For The Year Ending December 31, 2006., Stafford County Representatives

Strafford County, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a county in the state of New Hampshire.

Building Intellectual Property Management Capacity In Public Research Institutions In Vietnam: Current Needs And Future Directions, Laurel Kilgour

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

Genomic Nutritional Profiling: Innovation And Regulation In Nutrigenomics, David Castle

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

Assessing The Universal Declaration On Bioethics And Human Rights: Implications For Human Dignity And The Respect For Human Life, O. Carter Snead

Journal Articles

As advances in biomedical science and biotechnology continue to confer vast new powers to subdue nature for “the relief of man’s estate,” vexed moral and ethical questions inevitably arise about the use of such capacities. To what ends should they be applied? How might they be abused? Are they safe? What is the human meaning of such new powers? Might their use threaten human dignity? What does scientific freedom demand? What does justice require? Who should have access to the fruits of such scientific advances?

In democratic regimes, these questions do not long remain the subject of mere academic reflection …

Physiological And Biochemical Responses Of Resistant And Susceptible Wheat To Injury By Russian Wheat Aphid, Lisa D. Franzen, Andrea R. Gutsche, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Leon G. Higley, Gautam Sarath, John D. Burd

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

We examined the physiological and biochemical responses of resistant (“Halt” and “Prairie Red”) and susceptible (“TAM 107”) wheat, Triticum aestivum L., to injury by the Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko). Photosynthetic capacity was evaluated by measuring assimilation/ internal CO₂ (A/C_i) curves, chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll, and nonstructural carbohydrate content. Total protein and peroxidase specific activity also were determined. No significant differences were detected in chlorophyll concentration between aphid-infested and control TAM107 plants. The aphid-infested resistant cultivars had similar or significantly higher chlorophyll concentrations compared with their respective control plants. Measurements over time showed that infested Halt plants …

Serum Proteome Profiling Detects Myelodysplastic Syndromes And Identifies Cxc Chemokine Ligands 4 And 7 As Markers For Advanced Disease, Manuel Aivado, Dimitrios Spentzos, Ulrich Germing, Gil Alterovitz, Xiao-Ying Meng, Franck Grall, Aristoteles A. N. Giagounidis, Giannoula Klement, Ulrich Steidl, Hasan H. Otu, Akos Czibere, Wolf C. Prall, Christof Iking-Konert, Michelle Shayne, Marco F. Ramoni, Norbert Gattermann, Rainer Haas, Constantine S. Mitsiades, Eric T. Fung, Towia A. Libermann

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are among the most frequent hematologic malignancies. Patients have a short survival and often progress to acute myeloid leukemia. The diagnosis of MDS can be difficult; there is a paucity of molecular markers, and the pathophysiology is largely unknown. Therefore, we conducted a multicenter study investigating whether serum proteome profiling may serve as a noninvasive platform to discover novel molecular markers for MDS. We generated serum proteome profiles from 218 individuals by MS and identified a profile that distinguishes MDS from non-MDS cytopenias in a learning sample set. This profile was validated by testing its ability to …