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Standing And The Precautionary Principle, Jonathan Remy Nash

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

In Massachusetts v. EPA, the Supreme Court upheld Massachusetts’ standing to challenge EPA’s refusal to regulate greenhouse gas emissions from mobile sources. The majority and dissent disputed whether the science of global warming was sufficient to establish standing. Absent from both opinions was discussion of whether there would be standing if the science were uncertain but the potential harms large and irreversible. This Essay argues that “precautionary-based standing”—grounded upon a fundamental principle of environmental law, the precautionary principle—should apply in such cases. Precautionary-based standing would not upset existing standing doctrine. First, its application would be limited, and could further be …

The Complex Climate Change Incentives Of China And The United States, Cass R. Sunstein

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

It is increasingly clear that the world would be better off with an international agreement to control greenhouse gas emissions. What remains poorly understood is that the likely costs and benefits of emissions controls are highly variable across nations. Most important, prominent projection suggest that the world’s leading emitters--the United States and China—have weak incentives to participate in an agreement that would be optimal from the standpoint of the world. The first problem is that any significant emissions effort would probably be exceedingly expensive for both nations. The second problem is that on prominent projections, the United States and China …

Climate Change Justice, Cass R. Sunstein, Eric A. Posner

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

Greenhouse gas reductions would cost some nations much more than others, and benefit some nations far less than others. Significant reductions would impose especially large costs on the United States, and recent projections suggest that the United States has relatively less to lose from climate change. In these circumstances, what does justice require the United States to do? Many people believe that the United States is required to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions beyond the point that is justified by its own self-interest, simply because the United States is wealthy, and because the nations most at risk from climate change …

Predicting Coronary Artery Disease With Medical Profile And Gene Polymorphisms Data, Qiongyu Chen, Guoliang Li, Tze-Yun Leong, Chew-Kiat Heng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a main cause of death in the world. Finding cost-effective methods to predict CAD is a major challenge in public health. In this paper, we investigate the combined effects of genetic polymorphisms and non-genetic factors on predicting the risk of CAD by applying well known classification methods, such as Bayesian networks, naïve Bayes, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbor, neural networks and decision trees. Our experiments show that all these classifiers are comparable in terms of accuracy, while Bayesian networks have the additional advantage of being able to provide insights into the relationships among the variables. …

Uap 2560: Information Technology (It) Governance, University Of New Mexico

Section 2000: Administrative Management

No abstract provided.

The Cumberland Trail: An Assessment Of The Land Acquisitions And Potential Ecological Value Of Tennessee's New Linear Park, Ben Miles

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Tennessee's first linear state park, the Cumberland Trail State Scenic Trail, will stretch over three hundred miles from Signal Point in Hamilton County, to the Cumberland Gap on the Kentucky border. Although the trail uses land already in public ownership at different locations along its proposed route, land purchased to secure a state-managed corridor for the Cumberland Trail acquires properties along an expansive area of the Cumberland Plateau. Efforts to acquire land for the trail' s corridor utilize both federal and state funding, and constitute the largest land acquisition project in Tennessee. This large and unique State Park land acquisition …

Clock-Free Nanowire Crossbar Architecture Based On Null Convention Logic (Ncl), Ravi Bonam, Shikha Chaudhary, Yadunandana Yellambalase, Minsu Choi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

There have been numerous nanowire crossbar architectures proposed till date, although all of them are envisioned to be synchronous (i.e., clocked). The clock is an important part in a circuit and it needs to be connected to all the components to synchronize their operation. Considering non-deterministic nature of nanoscale integration, realizing them on a nano wire crossbar system would be quite cumbersome. Unlike the conventional clocked counterparts, a new clock-free crossbar architecture is proposed to resolve the issues with clocked counterparts in this paper, where the use of clock is eliminated from the architecture. This has been done by implementing …

What's Wrong With Skimpy Reference Sections?, Laura Hoelscher

Journal of Extension

"What's Wrong with Skimpy References Sections?" answers that question. "August JOE" skims the surface of another good issue.

Connecting Communities: Third Generation Community Network Projects, William C. Shuffstall, Theodore R. Alter, Jeffrey C. Bridger, Sheila S. Sager

Journal of Extension

This article discuss the evolution of the community network movement and provides practical advice about how Extension educators can work with local leaders and community residents to initiate projects that increase diffusion and adoption of information technologies in their communities. Experience in Pennsylvania shows that the community development processes used to develop third generation community network projects increases the diffusion and adoption of information technologies and builds human and organizational capacity useful for addressing a wide variety of community issues. Readers are introduced to "Connecting Rural Communities," a guide to enhancing adoption of technology tools and infrastructure in rural communities.

Challenges And Information Needs Of Organic Growers And Retailers, Gerad Middendorf

Journal of Extension

Growth in consumer interest in organically grown foods has opened new market opportunities for producers and retailers. This in turn implies an increased need for information specific to organic production, processing, marketing, and retail as growers and retailers increase their activities in this market. This article describes a research effort in east-central Kansas to assess the information needs in the organic sector. Data are drawn from focus groups and individual interviews with growers and retailers of organic foods. Implications for research and Extension programs, especially in the central Plains states, are discussed.

A Path To Resolution Regarding The Show Lamb Tail Docking Controversy, Jeff Goodwin, Tim Murphy, Ross Jacobson, Jim Jenson

Journal of Extension

Short dock length in show lambs increases health risks and creates animal welfare concerns. The study reported here was conducted to 1) describe a population of lambs that were docked at the distal end of the caudal fold in terms of a linear measurement, and 2) determine the changes in tail length between docking, weaning, and market. A total of 782 lambs docked at the distal end of the caudal fold, comprised the population of lambs in the study. The results provide descriptive statistics to help guide industry leaders and Extension professionals concerned with docking standards at shows and sales.

Low Resources In A High Stakes Game: Identifying Viable Rural Community Partners, Susan M. Fritz, Amy E. Boren, Denise Trudeau, Daniel W. Wheeler

Journal of Extension

Extension resources are shrinking, yet community leadership needs are great, and, the consequences of neglecting them are dire. It is difficult to respond to all the requests that are made of Extension faculty and even more difficult to decide which of the communities will benefit the most from programming. This article illuminates these issues by examining contributions from related research. First, a link is forged between community capital theory and community survival indicators. Next, 111 signs are provided that identify community viability. Finally, a guide is proposed for use in Extension to help determine where to concentrate scant resources.

Knowledge And Behavior Improvement Through A Skin Cancer Action Approach Exhibit, Nedra K. Christensen, D. Pauline Williams, Roxanne Pfister, Mike Pace

Journal of Extension

The purpose of the project reported here was to reduce the risk of skin cancer through an educational exhibit. Educational exhibits including brochures, conversation with Extension agents, wide-brimmed hats, and sunscreen were used to educate agriculturalists. Pre- and post-surveys queried participants regarding sun habits, knowledge of risk factors, perceived risk, and history of skin cancer. The results showed an increased use of wide-brimmed hats (p=0.00), sun-protective clothing (p=0.00), and knowledge of skin cancer risk factors (p= 0.014). A trend toward increasing sunscreen use and decreasing sole use of baseball caps was also seen.

Forest Certification And Nonindustrial Private Forest Landowners: Who Will Consider Certifying And Why?, David C. Mercker, Donald G. Hodges

Journal of Extension

Nonindustrial private forest owners in western Tennessee who own 40 or more acres of forestland were sent a mail survey to assess their awareness, acceptance, and perception of forest certification. More than eight in 10 participants indicated a willingness to consider certification. Landowners who would most likely consider certifying their forest were typically well-educated new forest owners, and had received advice or information about their forestland. They would certify for both utilitarian and environmental reasons, and they most trust the State Division of Forestry and consulting foresters as potential third-party certifiers.

The Master Well Owner Network: Volunteers Educating Pennsylvania Well Owners, Stephanie S. Clemens, Bryan R. Swistock, William E. Sharpe

Journal of Extension

The Master Well Owner Network (MWON) was created to expand the capacity of Penn State Extension by training volunteers who would provide education to rural residents about private water system management. Eight workshops were conducted throughout Pennsylvania, and 243 volunteers representing 55 of 67 counties in Pennsylvania successfully completed the training. MWON volunteer reports have been very positive, with education provided directly to over 7,000 Pennsylvania residents and another 29,000 educated through the mass media. MWON's successes in Pennsylvania may serve as a model for other states that wish to increase outreach to the private water system education audience.

Pest Management In Indiana Soybean Production Systems, Shawn P. Conley, Christian Krupke, Judy Santini, Gregory Shaner

Journal of Extension

As the disparity in farm size continues to increase and university Extension budgets tighten, it is imperative that Extension correctly identifies the specific needs of our clientele. Our objective was to identify clientele educational needs and to provide a framework for directing applied soybean research efforts. This assessment was conducted through a detailed direct-mail survey that was sent to 5,000 (1,330 respondents) Indiana soybean growers. The results of the survey demonstrate differences among grower operation sizes with respect to scouting and pest management practices. Farmers with large operations generally scout and manage pests more intensively than small or mid-size farmers.

Sisters Together- Program Increases Fruit And Vegetable Consumption And Physical Activity Of African American Women, Georgia Jones, Patricia Lynch, Marilynn Schnepf

Journal of Extension

Sisters Together is a nation-wide community-based program that encourages African American women to eat healthier foods and become more physically active. A program was developed in Lincoln, Nebraska to increase the awareness of the health benefits of eating more fruits and vegetables and to encourage Black women to be more physically active. Pre and post evaluations showed that program participants increased their intake of fruits and vegetables and were more physically active. Further research is needed to determine ways to provide continued support to these women and build program elements into existing community resources.

What Did That Program Do? Measuring The Outcomes Of A Statewide Agricultural Leadership Development Program, Alice M. Black

Journal of Extension

Perhaps one of the most difficult tasks facing leadership program directors is how to prove what their program accomplished for the participants after they graduate from the program and move on with their lives. One state agricultural leadership program undertook research to determine the outcomes of their program in the lives of their alumni on a personal, business and community level over the last 20 years. Results from this research represent the first attempt to gather three different levels of data on programmatic effects from the viewpoint of the alumni.

Reaching The Small Acreage Audience Through Collaboration: The Small Acreage Conservation Education And Outreach Project, Cole Ehmke, Dallas Mount

Journal of Extension

The Small Acreage Conservation Education and Outreach Project is an inter-organization team of natural resource professionals that provides education to the growing audience of exurban and rural small acreage landowners on management of natural resources. This article outlines the effective and extensive collaboration as well as the three-pronged approach to land management education that has been developed. The model may be useful beyond the reported topic.

Developing And Using Table-Top Simulations As A Teaching Tool, Carol J. Lehtola

Journal of Extension

Activities in which participants work through real-world scenarios can enhance their ability to manage complex situations and can encourage implementation of risk management strategies. Practical and credible information presented in a "hands-on" setting is engaging and memorable. This article shows how to develop and use table-top simulations.

Steps To Bolster Your Dairy Farm's Biosecurity: An Introductory Video, Julia M. Smith

Journal of Extension

The Healthy Farms--Healthy Agriculture video overview of dairy farm biosecurity serves as a stand-alone teaching tool or an introduction to additional resources. The narrated video takes the viewer through the steps needed to build a sound biosecurity program. These steps form the acronym "STAIRS," standing for sanitation, traffic control, assessment, isolation, resistance, and security. Bringing biosecurity to life in pictures makes it easier to teach or reemphasize basic concepts.

Ideology Or Isolationism? Russian Identity And Its Influence On Orthodox-Catholic Relations Part Iii: Pope John Paul Ii And A Prospective Visit To Russia, Catherine Clare Caridi

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

No abstract provided.

Idiopathic Epilepsy Of Childhood And Potassium Ion Channels, Alper I. Dai, Mohammad Wasay

Department of Medicine

Potassium can affect the development of common seizure type and can be defined seizure susceptibility allele. The existence of inward-rectifying potassium (Kir) channels was first recognized half a century ago. The biophysical fingerprint of Kir channels is inward rectification in the current-voltage relationship , which limits potassium efflux at depolarizing membrane potentials. Kir channels are essential in the control of resting membrane potential, coupling of the metabolic cellular state with membrane excitability, and maintenance of potassium homeostasis. The critical interval contains several candidate genes, one of which, KCNJ10, exhibits a potentially important polymorphism with regard to fundamental aspects of seizure …

Shift Work In The Long-Termcare Industry : An Examination Of Organizational And Individual Factors That Influence Employee Outcomes, Kristin Elizabeth Charles

Dissertations and Theses

The long-term care (LTC) industry provides medical and social services in facility-based settings to the elderly, chronically ill, and disabled. With the aging of the United States population, the need for LTC workers is expected to drastically increase in the next decade. However, the industry faces a significant staffing shortage. One potential cause of staffing problems in LTC is working non-standard work schedules. Because of the need to provide around the clock care, LTC employees often work non-standard shifts, long hours, night work, and over weekends and holidays. Although many studies have examined health and sleep-related outcomes associated with non-standard …

Workplace Cognitive Failure As A Mediator Between Work-Family Conflict And Safety Performance, Rachel Jane Daniels

Dissertations and Theses

The main goal of this thesis was to examine the effects of family-to-work conflict on safety performance. Data were collected from a sample of 134 employees, consisting primarily of construction workers. Results found that levels of conflict from the family role to the work role negatively affected participants' workplace cognitive failure, or cognitively based errors that occur during the performance of a task that the person is normally successful in executing. Workplace cognitive failure, in turn, was a significant predictor of levels ofsafety performance, both employees' compliance with safety procedures and the extent to which they participated in discretionary safety-related …

Identification Of Psychological Stressors For Long Duration Space Missions: Psychological Stressors Among Five Astronauts And Cosmonauts, Melinda S. Marsh

Theses and Dissertations

As humans continue to experience space missions of longer and longer duration, more and more high intensity stressors are going to be experienced. Although physiological stressors have been studied, there have been few studies on the psychological stressors. Those that are present primarily focused on the polar environment as a space analogue. In order to answer the question of how stressors may affect future astronauts and cosmonauts, the evolutoinary reasons behind stress must be considered not only the type and intensity of the stressors.

Five astronauts and cosmonauts representing three space agencies were surveyed regarding their experiences with ten types …

A Comparative Analysis Of Scenario Based Training And Maneuver Based Training In A 14 Cfr Part 141 Private Pilot Certification Course, Jered Lease

Theses and Dissertations

In order to help combat a recent increase in the number of General Aviation accidents, the Federal Aviation Administration has endorsed a new pilot training curriculum known as FAA/Industry Training Standards. This new training program incorporates Scenario Based Training (SBT) which differs from traditional pilot training, known as Maneuver Based Training (MBT), by utilizing scripted “real world” scenarios to introduce maneuvers and provide pilots in training with more decision making opportunities. Although variations of SBT have been used extensively in other fields such as the education, law enforcement, and medical industries, there is no definitive research in the aviation field …

Assessment Of Genetic Diversity In The Usda And Cip-Fao International Nursery Collections Of Quinoa (Chenopodium Quinoa Willd.) Using Microsatellite Markers, S. A. Christensen, D. B. Pratt, C. Pratt, P. T. Nelson, M. R. Stevens, Eric N. Jellen, Craig E. Coleman, Daniel J. Fairbanks, A. Bonifacio, Michael J. Maughan

Faculty Publications

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a staple food crop for millions of impoverished rural inhabitants of Andean South America where it has been cultivated for millennia. Interest in quinoa, due largely to its superior nutritional characteristics, is fuelling a growing export market and has led to an increased focus on genetic research and the development of quinoa breeding programmes throughout South America. The success of these breeding programmes will rely heavily on the development of core germplasm collections and germplasm conservation. We report the development of a set of fluorescence-tagged microsatellite molecular markers that can be used to characterize genetic …

Re-Analysis Of "Plutonium In Autopsy Tissue": A Case/Control Examination Of Nuclear Weapons Sites And Civilian Lung Burden, Carolina Peace Resource Center, Rita A. Fellers

Carolina Peace Resource Center

This research uses advanced statistical techniques to re-analyse the plutonium burden in lung tissue data from “Plutonium in Autopsy Tissue: A Revision and Updating of Data Reported in LA-4875” by McInroy et al. (1979).1 The use of a general linear model has produced new preliminary findings whose potential was not apparent in the findings of the earlier work. Regions surveyed included Los Alamos National Laboratory (NM), Nevada Test Site (NV), Rocky Flats Plant (CO), and Savannah River Site (SC). This model specified a gamma distribution and linked an exponential function to the dependent variable, plutonium burden in lung, controlling for …

07-31-2007 2007 Swosu Summer Graduation Lists, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

THE BARK ARCHIVE 2007

A total of 198 students at Southwestern Oklahoma State University completed requirements for either associate, bachelor’s or master’s degrees this summer on the Weatherford and Sayre campuses.