Digital Commons Network^™

Audit Risk Alert - 2007/08; Audit Risk Alerts, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants. Auditing Standards Division

Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists

No abstract provided.

Not-For-Profit Organizations Industry Developments - 2007; Audit Risk Alerts, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants

Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists

No abstract provided.

Manufacturing Industry Developments - 2006/07; Audit Risk Alerts, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants

Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists

No abstract provided.

Coercion, Causation, And The Fictional Elements Of Indirect State Responsibility, James D. Fry

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

This Article provides an in-depth analysis of Article 18 of the 2001 ILC Draft Articles on State Responsibility, which holds a coercing state indirectly responsible for an injurious act committed by a coerced state. Not only does this provision lack support from state practice, but the structural and logical flaws within the current formulation ensure that this provision does not significantly influence the evolution of state practice. Indeed, it would have been better for the ILC to have left Article 18 out of the Draft Articles, given that other, less problematic provisions could have covered such situations involving coercion. In …

Health Care Organizations With Conforming Changes As Of May 1, 2007; Audit And Accounting Guide:, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants. Health Care Committee

Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists

No abstract provided.

Communique, 2007, University Of Montana--Missoula. School Of Journalism

Communique, 1953-2020

An annual publication of the University of Montana’s School of Journalism. This is volume 51.

Strafford County 2006 Annual Report Of The Commissioners, Treasurer, Other County Officers And The Strafford County Delegation Strafford County, New Hampshire For The Year Ending December 31, 2006., Stafford County Representatives

Strafford County, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a county in the state of New Hampshire.

Rosoboroneksport: Arms Sales And The Structure Of Russian Defense Industry, Stephen J. Blank Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

Although Russian observers believe that Washington imposed sanctions in Russian arms sellers and producers because of these firms’ arms sales to Venezuela. Sales to such dangerous states oblige us to analyze the Russian defense export program and the structure of its defense industry. Until now, that industry would have collapsed without arms sales. Arms sales thus have become the main source of its reveneue until the present and will play a key role in Russia’s ongoing attempt to regenerate its armed forces while winning friends and influence abroad.

Crossing Borders: Loving V. Virginia As A Story Of Migration, Victor C. Romero

Faculty Scholarship

The struggle of binational same-gender partners today parallels the struggles of Mildred and Richard Loving during the heyday of the Civil Rights Movement - not only in the obvious parallels between race and sexual orientation as barriers to freedom, but also in the way the law uses these immutable characteristics to limit the freedom of movement. It is this freedom of movement - this migration or immigration - that I want to focus on in this essay. Lest we forget, the Lovings' story is, importantly, a story of migration: It's a story of the great lengths to which an interracial …

Science, Morality, And Universities, Bryan Dowd

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

"Don't Be Evil:" Google Faces The Chinese Internet Market And The Global Online Freedom Act Of 2007, Lindsay Eastwood

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

In Re Fisher: Denial Of Patents For Ests Signals Deeper Problems In The Utility Prong For Patentability, Lillian Ewing

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

Mod As Heck: Frameworks For Examining Ownership Rights In User-Contributed Content To Videogames, And A More Principled Evaluation Of Expressive Appropriation In User-Modified Videogame Projects, John Baldrica

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

Genomic Nutritional Profiling: Innovation And Regulation In Nutrigenomics, David Castle

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

Minding The Public Interest: How The Not-So-Effective Standard Has Led To The Destruction Of Wetlands In Louisiana, Megan Bierlein

Pace Environmental Law Review

No abstract provided.

Optimizing A Communication System By Neural Circuits: The Magic Number 4 And Golden Ratio, Bo Deng

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

For a new class of circuit models of neurons we demonstrate here that an artificial but robust and efficient communication system can be constructed using one neural circuit as an encoder/transmitter and another as a receiver/decoder, for which metastable-plastic spike-bursts with the minimal bursting periods are used for its alphabet. We also demonstrate that the spike-bursting alphabet is frequency-modulated onto the encoder’s ion pump current as the signal. We further demonstrate that for this spike-excitation-encoding-decoding (SEED) system, the quadrary alphabet tends to give the maximal transmission rate for all possible sources. We also demonstrate that by a trivial source-to-channel encoding, …

Decimal Spike Code Maximizes Neural Memory Against Retrieval Time, Bo Deng

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

For a new class of circuit models for single neurons we demonstrate here that if the circuits’ plastic spike-bursts are used for memory alphabet, then using the first 10 bases tend to maximize the amount of information that can be retrieved from and stored into the circuits in a unit time.

Physiological And Biochemical Responses Of Resistant And Susceptible Wheat To Injury By Russian Wheat Aphid, Lisa D. Franzen, Andrea R. Gutsche, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Leon G. Higley, Gautam Sarath, John D. Burd

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

We examined the physiological and biochemical responses of resistant (“Halt” and “Prairie Red”) and susceptible (“TAM 107”) wheat, Triticum aestivum L., to injury by the Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko). Photosynthetic capacity was evaluated by measuring assimilation/ internal CO₂ (A/C_i) curves, chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll, and nonstructural carbohydrate content. Total protein and peroxidase specific activity also were determined. No significant differences were detected in chlorophyll concentration between aphid-infested and control TAM107 plants. The aphid-infested resistant cultivars had similar or significantly higher chlorophyll concentrations compared with their respective control plants. Measurements over time showed that infested Halt plants …

Tgfβ3 Inhibits E-Cadherin Gene Expression In Palate Medial-Edge Epithelial Cells Through A Smad2-Smad4- Lef1 Transcription Complex, Ali Nawshad, Damian Medici, Chang-Chih Liu, Elizabeth D. Hay

College of Dentistry: Faculty Publications

Dissociation of medial-edge epithelium (MEE) during palate development is essential for mediating correct craniofacial morphogenesis. This phenomenon is initiated by TGFβ3 upon adherence of opposing palatal shelves, because loss of E-cadherin causes the MEE seam to break into small epithelial islands. To investigate the molecular mechanisms that cause this E-cadherin loss, we isolated and cultured murine embryonic primary MEE cells from adhered or non-adhered palates. Here, we provide the first evidence that lymphoid enhancer factor 1 (LEF1), when functionally activated by phosphorylated Smad2 (Smad2- P) and Smad4 (rather than β-catenin), binds with the promoter of the E-cadherin gene to repress …

Rhetorical Counterinsurgency: The Fbi And The American Indian Movement, Casey Ryan Kelly

Department of Communication Studies: Faculty Publications

In 2007, Federal Bureau of Investigation agents Joseph H. and John M. Trimbach published a tell-all book to expose the crimes of American Indian Movement (AIM) and dispel contemporary myths about Bureau conspiracies against Indian activists. The book provides an insiders’ account of the agents’ participation in the investigation of AIM and attempts to correct what they characterize as popular revisionist history accusing the FBI of gross injustices against Indian Country. The agents argue that as far as AIM is concerned, in the halls of academia, “There is a market for blurring the historical lines between fact and fiction” (2007, …

Extraction And Characterization Of Starch From Alkaline Cooked Corn Masa, Wajira Srinanda Ratnayake, Andrew B. Wassinger, David S. Jackson

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Starch granules undergo structural and morphological changes during food processing unit operations as they interact with other food ingredients. This study was conducted to isolate and characterize starch granules from corn masa. A proteolytic enzyme, thermolysin, was effective in separating and isolating starch granules from endosperm proteins present in masa. The efficiency of starch extraction using thermolysin was 74% (w/w), and subsequent analyses showed that the isolated granules were free of contaminants. Starch samples were characterized using light microscopy, SEM, DSC, and XRD. Starch granules isolated from masa had undergone internal structural changes and some granules (≈40%) lost birefringence during …

Corroborative Study On Maize Quality, Dry-Milling And Wet-Milling Properties Of Selected Maize Hybrids, Kyung-Min Lee, Timothy J. Herrman, Lloyd Rooney, David S. Jackson, Jane Lingenfelser, Kent D. Rausch, John Mckinney, Chris Iiams, Linda Byrum, Charles R. Hurburgh Jr., Lawrence A. Johnson, Steven R. Fox

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

A corroborative study was conducted on the maize quality properties of test weight, pycnometer density, tangential abrasive dehulling device (TADD), time-to-grind on the Stenvert hardness tester (SHT), 100-kernel weight, kernel size distribution, and proximate composition as well as maize dry- and wet-millability by six participating laboratories. Suggested operating procedures were given to compare their measurements and provide the variance structure within and between laboratories and hybrids. Partial correlation coefficient among maize quality properties varied among laboratories. The repeatability and reproducibility precision values were acceptably low for the physical quality tests, except for TADD and SHT time-to-grind measurements. The yields of …

Deck-Mounted Steel Post Barrier System, John D. Reid, Ronald K. Faller, Jason A. Hascall

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

An existing mountable safety barrier system, previously crash tested successfully on a wood bridge deck, was evaluated for use on a fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) bridge deck. In an attempt to avoid expensive full-scale crash testing, components of the existing system were evaluated using worst case conditions on two dynamic bogie crash tests and a series of computer simulations using nonlinear finite-element analysis. Simulation results closely approximated the physical results, with both displaying similar deformation, damage, and force levels. Both testing and simulation demonstrated that the barrier should function sufficiently if used on the FRP deck system. Further, the development …

Possible Use Of Foresight, Understanding, And Planning By Wolves Hunting Muskoxen, L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

On Ellesmere Island in 2006, arctic wolves (Canis lupus arctos) were observed making a two-pronged approach to a herd of muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) and, on another occasion, ambushing muskoxen. Both observations seemed to provide evidence that the wolves were using foresight, understanding, and planning. Although the possible use of insight and purposiveness has been documented in captive wolves, the present report is one of the few to document the possibility that freeranging wolves use these other three mental processes.

En 2006, sur l’île Ellesmere, des loups arctiques (Canis lupus arctos) ont été observés en …

Radical Change Accidentally: The Emergence And Amplification Of Small Change, Donde Ashmos Plowman, Lakami T. Baker, Tammy E. Beck, Mukta Kulkarni, Stephanie Thomas Solansky, Deandra Villarreal Travis

Department of Management: Faculty Publications

A decision to offer breakfast to homeless people led to radical change in a church and its environment. Existing theories of change do not fully explain observations from our qualitative study; however, complexity theory constructs suggest how and why such change emerged. We offer four key findings. First, the radical change was unintended, emergent, and slow. Second, destabilizing conditions helped small changes to emerge and become radical. Third, subsequent actions amplified an initial small change and, though not intended to do so, promoted radical change. Finally, the dynamic interaction of amplifying actions, contextual conditions, and small changes led to continuous …

Expression Analysis Of Rice Defense-Related Genes In Turfgrass In Response To Magnaporthe Grisea, Young-Ki Jo, Guo-Liang Wang, Michael J. Boehm

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Magnaporthe grisea (anamorph = Pyricularia grisea) causes blast on rice (Oryza sativa) and gray leaf spot on turfgrass. Gray leaf spot is a serious disease on St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea). Virulence assays performed in this study revealed that M. grisea collected from rice could also cause disease on St. Augustinegrass and tall fescue. One rice isolate, Che86061, caused similar disease reactions on susceptible cultivars of rice and St. Augustinegrass and an incompatible interaction on resistant cultivars of both species. To explore whether …

Subsurface Characterization Using Textural Features Extracted From Gpr Data, R. S. Freeland, Lameck O. Odhiambo

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Subsurface conditions can be non-intrusively mapped by observing and grouping patterns of similarity within ground-penetrating radar (GPR) profiles. We have observed that the intricate and often visually indiscernible textural variability found within a complex GPR image possesses important parameters that help delineate regions of similar subsurface characteristics. In this study, we therefore examined the feasibility of using textural features extracted from GPR data to automate subsurface characterization. The textural features were matched to a “fingerprint” database of previous subsurface classifications of GPR textural features and the corresponding physical probings of subsurface conditions. Four textural features (energy, contrast, entropy, and homogeneity) …

Identification Of Functional Subclasses In The Dj-1 Superfamily Proteins, Ying Wei, Dagmar Ringe, Mark A. Wilson, Mary Jo Ondrechen

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Genomics has posed the challenge of determination of protein function from sequence and/or 3-D structure. Functional assignment from sequence relationships can be misleading, and structural similarity does not necessarily imply functional similarity. Proteins in the DJ-1 family, many of which are of unknown function, are examples of proteins with both sequence and fold similarity that span multiple functional classes. THEMATICS (theoretical microscopic titration curves), an electrostatics-based computational approach to functional site prediction, is used to sort proteins in the DJ-1 family into different functional classes. Active site residues are predicted for the eight distinct DJ-1 proteins with available 3-D structures. …

Habitat Area Affects Arthropd Communities Directly And Indirectly Through Top Predators, Örjan Östman, Nicholas W. Griffin, Jared L. Strasburg, Jennifer A. Brisson, Alan R. Templeton, Tiffany M. Knight, Jonathan M. Chase

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Both habitat area and predators are known to affect the diversity and composition of species that live in a locality. In addition, habitat area can influence the presence of predators, indirectly affecting the diversity of prey. Thus, habitat area may influence species diversity directly and indirectly through the presence of top predators. Here we examine the effects of habitat area and predators on the species richness and composition of a foliage living arthropod community in a fragmented complex of glades (small grassland patches within a forested matrix) in the Ozark Plateau, Missouri. We find that a top predator, the eastern …

Molecular Phylogenetics Of The Phyllostomid Bat Genus Micronycteris With Descriptions Of Two New Subgenera, Calvin A. Porter, Steven R. Hoofer, Chrissy A. Cline, Federico G. Hoffmann, Robert J. Baker

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

We analyzed DNA sequence variation in the cytochrome-b gene and intron 7 of the nuclear fibrinogen, B beta polypeptide gene for 45 specimens of the bat genus Micronycteris, including all currently recognized species except M. sanborni. Phylogenetic analyses of both data sets supported 4 primary lineages within Micronycteris, which we recognize as subgenera: Leuconycteris new subgenus (M. brosseti), Micronycteris Gray (M. megalotis, M. microtis, M. matses, and M. giovanniae), Schizonycteris new subgenus (M. minuta, M. schimdtorum, and M. sanborni), and Xenoctenes Miller (M. hirsuta). …