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2007

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Focal Point, Volume 21 Number 01, Portland State University. Regional Research Institute Jan 2007

Focal Point, Volume 21 Number 01, Portland State University. Regional Research Institute

Research and Training Center - Focal Point

This Focal Point issue focuses on child traumatic stress, particularly as experienced by children involved in the child welfare system. The causes and effects of traumatic stress are discussed, as are evidence-based treatments, and prevention strategies.

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Workshop Report — Crawdad Workshop 2006, Jihwang Yeo, Tristan Henderson, David Kotz Jan 2007

Workshop Report — Crawdad Workshop 2006, Jihwang Yeo, Tristan Henderson, David Kotz

Dartmouth Scholarship

Wireless network researchers are seriously starved for data about how real users, applications, and devices use real networks under real network conditions. CRAWDAD, the Community Resource for Archiving Wireless Data at Dartmouth, is an NSF-funded project that is building a wireless network data archive for the research community. We host wireless data, and provide tools and documents to make it easy to collect and use wireless network data. We hope that this resource will help researchers to identify and evaluate real and interesting problems in mobile and pervasive computing. This report outlines the CRAWDAD project and summarizes the second CRAWDAD …

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Bridges And Barriers To Developing And Conducting Interdisciplinary Graduate-Student Team Research, Max Nielsen-Pincus, Wayde Cameron Morse, Jo Ellen Force, J. D. Wulfhorst Jan 2007

Bridges And Barriers To Developing And Conducting Interdisciplinary Graduate-Student Team Research, Max Nielsen-Pincus, Wayde Cameron Morse, Jo Ellen Force, J. D. Wulfhorst

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Understanding complex socio-environmental problems requires specialists from multiple disciplines to integrate research efforts. Programs such as the National Science Foundation’s Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship facilitate integrated research efforts and change the way academic institutions train future leaders and scientists. The University of Idaho and the Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center in Costa Rica collaborate on a joint research program focusing on biodiversity conservation and sustainable production in fragmented landscapes. We first present a spectrum of integration ranging from disciplinary to transdisciplinary across seven aspects of the research process. We then describe our experiences and lessons learned …

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Mechanism Of Intraspecific Toxin Inhibition In Aspergillus Flavus, Changwei Huang Jan 2007

Mechanism Of Intraspecific Toxin Inhibition In Aspergillus Flavus, Changwei Huang

LSU Master's Theses

Atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus was demonstrated by others as a promising biocontrol agent to minimize preharvest aflatoxins in susceptible crops. But the mechanism was unclear. A filter insert-well plate system was used to study the mechanism in lab. There was no inhibition when toxigenic A. flavus isolate 53 and inhibitory atoxigenic isolates were separated by 0.4 µm membrane, approximately 50% inhibition occurred when separated by 12 µm membrane, and complete inhibition occurred when a 74 µm membrane was used. This result suggested that touching or close physical interaction is needed for toxin inhibition and the nutrient competition hypothesis was not supported. …

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The Portrayal Of Science In Children's Television, Tristi Bercegeay Charpentier Jan 2007

The Portrayal Of Science In Children's Television, Tristi Bercegeay Charpentier

LSU Master's Theses

Scholars argue that a scientifically literate public is a requirement for a democracy. Children are watching television more today than ever before, and studies have shown that children learn academically educational content from television. The Children's Television Act of 1990 requires broadcasters to provide educational and informational content for children. This study qualitatively evaluated a sample of 38 children's television programs to obtain a description of the scientific content contained in children's television. The study yielded a large quantity of scientific content, yet the quality of the content left much to be desired. Based on the findings of this study, …

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Research Summary: Characteristics Of Exemplary Schools For Young Adolescents, P. Gayle Andrews, Micki M. Caskey, Vincent A. Anfara Jr. Jan 2007

Research Summary: Characteristics Of Exemplary Schools For Young Adolescents, P. Gayle Andrews, Micki M. Caskey, Vincent A. Anfara Jr.

Curriculum and Instruction Faculty Publications and Presentations

Two dangers are associated with any list purporting to include the characteristics of exemplary schools for young adolescents. One danger is a perception that the list is exhaustive—that it includes everything that needs to be considered. In reality, a list cannot capture the subtleties and complexities of schooling. A second danger is that each component will be seen as somehow self-contained, something that can be addressed in isolation. Instead, research demonstrates that the characteristics listed above are “an interacting and interdependent group of practices that form a unified whole… [that] must be dealt with holistically, systemically, to ensure success” (Jackson …

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Environmental Factors Affecting The Distribution Of Native And Invasive Aquatic Plants In The Atchafalaya River Basin, Louisiana, U.S.A., Rachel Cathleen Walley Jan 2007

Environmental Factors Affecting The Distribution Of Native And Invasive Aquatic Plants In The Atchafalaya River Basin, Louisiana, U.S.A., Rachel Cathleen Walley

LSU Master's Theses

Over the last century, the aquatic macrophyte community of the Atchafalaya River Basin (ARB) has become increasingly dominated by invasive species. I used digital photography and GIS software to determine ARB macrophyte community composition by measuring percent cover of each plant species within five 0.25-m2 quadrats sampled from 108 sites in 2005 and 103 sites in 2006. Macrophyte community data and measurements of soil and water physicochemistry at each site were used to investigate environmental associations of the macrophytes inhabiting bayou, lake, excavated canal, and swamp habitats. Analyses indicated substantial differences in physicochemical conditions among habitats, but none of the …

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Fluid Flow In The Central North Slope Foreland Basin, Alaska, Anna Marie Bélanger Jan 2007

Fluid Flow In The Central North Slope Foreland Basin, Alaska, Anna Marie Bélanger

LSU Master's Theses

Previous studies of the areal variations in heat flow and spatial variations in formation water salinity and hydraulic head are consistent with the existence of a currently active, topographically-driven regional fluid flow regime in the National Petroleum Reserve Alaska (NPRA) portion of the western North Slope foreland basin. This conclusion is also supported by the results of numerical modeling of fluid flow and heat transport in the area. This work has now been extended to the east. The results of this study demonstrate that the Permian though Cenozoic age sediments of the central North Slope foreland basin have been significantly …

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Quasi Group Based Crypto-System, Maruti Venkat Kartik Satti Jan 2007

Quasi Group Based Crypto-System, Maruti Venkat Kartik Satti

LSU Master's Theses

For electronic commerce and other applications it is required to encrypt data that is transmitted over an unsecured channel. The data is encrypted/randomized using a key. Algorithms such as DES and ECC randomize the data such that un-authorized user cannot decrypt it .This thesis presents a practical implementation of a quasi group based multilevel, indexed scrambling transformation for use in signal encryption. Results of experiments with text and speech scrambling are presented. It is shown that the quasi group transformation maximizes the entropy at the output, which is desirable for a good system. This system provides extremely large group of …

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Empirical Modeling Of Late Quaternary Sediment Supply To The Gulf Of Mexico Shelf Margin In A Cool Lowstand World, Jill Hattier Womack Jan 2007

Empirical Modeling Of Late Quaternary Sediment Supply To The Gulf Of Mexico Shelf Margin In A Cool Lowstand World, Jill Hattier Womack

LSU Master's Theses

During the last glacial period, river systems responded to the lowering of sea level by incising valleys, extending across the continental shelf, and depositing deltas on the shelf margin and upper slope of surrounding basins. These deltas represent important repositories for sediment delivered to the coastal ocean and provide partial records of sediment discharged from continental landmasses. Over relatively short time scales, like that of the last glacial-interglacial cycle, hinterland drainage areas, relief and lithology can be considered constants while the primary variable of significance is climate change (Syvitski and Milliman, 2007). It is reasonable to assume, therefore, that supply …

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(Mis)Translation In The Work Of Omer Fast, Kelli Bodle Jan 2007

(Mis)Translation In The Work Of Omer Fast, Kelli Bodle

LSU Master's Theses

For the majority of people, video art does not have a major impact on their daily lives. Between ubiquitous television monitors and incessant internet pop-ups, attention paid to a video in an art gallery is passing at best. How can one's video creations make an impression on such an already visually-immersed culture? Video artist Omer Fast, uses editorial effects such as dubbing, mistranslations, and splicing in his documentary-style works to attract the attention of, and later alienate, his audience. This essay analyzes Fast's oeuvre and deconstructs the ways in which he attracts audience interest and subsequently encourages his audiences, through …

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The Agriculturalists Of The Poole-Rose Ossuary: A Study Of The Femora And Tibiae, Melissa L. Moreno Jan 2007

The Agriculturalists Of The Poole-Rose Ossuary: A Study Of The Femora And Tibiae, Melissa L. Moreno

LSU Master's Theses

Dr. Heather McKillop of Louisiana State University was asked by the Alderville First Nation of Ontario in 1990 to excavate the Poole-Rose ossuary in 1990. This mass burial consisted of hundreds of mixed disarticulated and de-fleshed individuals as well as three articulated individuals laid in flexed positions. No artifacts were discovered with the bodies. Due to the absence of stratified soil layers from different periods, McKillop estimated the ossuary occurred during one burial event- “The Feast of the Dead.” Radiocarbon dating found the ossuary to be from A.D. 1550 ± 50 years (McKillop and Jackson 1991). I estimated sex according …

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Outside Inside Out: Perspectives On Social Anxiety, Kevin Andrew Hagan Jan 2007

Outside Inside Out: Perspectives On Social Anxiety, Kevin Andrew Hagan

LSU Master's Theses

“Outside Inside Out” is a study of how the visual perspective of an installation design can be used to create interaction, animation, and multiple messages. Traditionally, graphic designers have tended to present their messages either as flat printed materials, such as newspapers and billboards, or as videos/animations on television and the Internet. While both of these mediums provide an adequate means to convey a message, they fall short in presenting information to the audience in a non-obtrusive, interactive form. By using a technique I developed called “Passive Interactivity,” designers can use a viewer’s visual perspective to create interaction, animation, and …

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The Roles Of Scientist, Narrator, Mother, Pandora, Nursemaid, Therapist, And Baucis In Mary Zimmerman's Metamorphoses: A Production Thesis In Acting, Anna Loft Richardson Jan 2007

The Roles Of Scientist, Narrator, Mother, Pandora, Nursemaid, Therapist, And Baucis In Mary Zimmerman's Metamorphoses: A Production Thesis In Acting, Anna Loft Richardson

LSU Master's Theses

ABSTRACT This thesis is about the evolution and development of the roles of Scientist, Narrator, Mother, Pandora, Nursemaid, Therapist, and Baucis in the Swine Palace show Metamorphoses by Mary Zimmerman. The rehearsal process is detailed here in journal format. Also included is pre-show research, character analyses, production run, and post show summary. This thesis will explore the creation of these characters, the obstacles during the process, and the experience of playing multiple roles.

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Towards Nakba: The Failure Of The British Mandate Of Palestine, 1922-1939, Nicholas Ensley Mitchell Jan 2007

Towards Nakba: The Failure Of The British Mandate Of Palestine, 1922-1939, Nicholas Ensley Mitchell

LSU Master's Theses

In 1922, with the issuance of the Churchill White Paper, the British government committed itself to assuming the responsibilities of the Balfour Declaration and create a bi-national state in the Mandated territory of Palestine. By 1939, the British, represented by the Mandatory Authority, found themselves trapped between a Palestinian-based Zionist movement, itself torn between two competing factions, and a Palestinian Arab nationalist movement whose leadership had collapsed. The internal split between Revisionist Zionism under Ze’ev Jabotinsky and Mainstream Zionism under Chaim Weizmann and, later, David Ben-Gurion prevented the British government from negotiating with a cohesive Zionist organization. The collapse of …

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Influence Of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha And Minocycline On Microglia And Macrophage Activation During Polytropic Retrovirus Infection, Meryll E. Corbin Jan 2007

Influence Of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha And Minocycline On Microglia And Macrophage Activation During Polytropic Retrovirus Infection, Meryll E. Corbin

LSU Master's Theses

Microglia/macrophage activation has been associated with the pathogenesis of various neurological diseases including human immunodeficiency virus encephalitis, transmissible spongiform encephalitis, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). In vitro studies have indicated a role for TNFα in activating these cells which leads to their migration, proliferation, and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines that may potentially damage brain tissue. In the current study, we analyzed the phenotype of microglia and macrophages enriched from wild type and TNFα deficient mice infected with a neurovirulent murine retrovirus. Although TNF receptors CD120a and CD120b were expressed on both microglia and macrophage population, unaltered by either retrovirus …

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The Color Of Personality, Jenna Solem Jan 2007

The Color Of Personality, Jenna Solem

Undergraduate Theses and Senior Projects

No abstract provided.

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Oregon Spartina Response Plan, Mary Pfauth, Mark Sytsma, Dennis Isaacson Jan 2007

Oregon Spartina Response Plan, Mary Pfauth, Mark Sytsma, Dennis Isaacson

Center for Lakes and Reservoirs Publications and Presentations

Four introduced, invasive species of Spartina (cordgrass) have been present in estuarine areas of the U.S. west coast for over a century. These Spartina species are ecological engineers- they cause severe alternations in the hydrology and food webs of invaded estuaries that are detrimental to native wildlife and commercial and recreational uses. Oregon has been relatively free of these weeds, with only two known infestations. One infestation was eradicated by Oregon Department of Agriculture and the other is currently under eradication by The Nature Conservancy.

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Academic Adjustment And Resilience In Mature Age And School Leaver University Students : A Review Of The Literature & Differences In Resilience And University Adjustment Between School Leaver And Mature Age University Students, Brent Munro Jan 2007

Academic Adjustment And Resilience In Mature Age And School Leaver University Students : A Review Of The Literature & Differences In Resilience And University Adjustment Between School Leaver And Mature Age University Students, Brent Munro

Theses : Honours

This paper reviews the literature related to the transition and adjustment of school leaver and mature age students to university. It is suggested that the transition to university is a major life transition and thus is a period of great stress (Larose, Bernier, & Tarabulsy, 2005). For mature age students and school leaver students, the impacts upon adjustment to university are varied during the transition to university study (Cantwell, Archer, & Bourke, 2001; Challis, 1976; Justice & Dornan, 2001). First this review defines who mature age and school leaver students are in the context of universities. Second, the resilience literature …

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Academic - Practice Bridges: Implications For Lecturers When The Complexities Of Change Meets The Higher Education And Nurse Education Systems, Adrianne Jones Jan 2007

Academic - Practice Bridges: Implications For Lecturers When The Complexities Of Change Meets The Higher Education And Nurse Education Systems, Adrianne Jones

Theses : Honours

Government, industry, enterprises and the community expect the Vocational and Educational Training (VET) system to provide up-to-date educational programs that provide pathways from school-based learning to the higher education facilities such as universities and to employment opportunities. Reforms in the VET sector over the past ten years have had a significant impact on the work of staff employed in the area. Educators now operate in more competitive markets and face increased demands for higher quality and more relevant training programs from clients. Understanding and keeping up with the changes and working in new and more flexible ways have been major …

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From Gps To Psychologists: The Patients' Perspective On Help-Seeking And Referral, Zdenka Bartova Jan 2007

From Gps To Psychologists: The Patients' Perspective On Help-Seeking And Referral, Zdenka Bartova

Theses : Honours

The experience of living with psychological problems has a profound effect on an individual's life. For those actively seeking help, General Practitioners usually present the first point of contact. General Practitioners thus serve as gatekeepers who either decide to manage the individuals themselves and/or refer them to a mental health professional. The referral decision is part of a complex help-seeking process in which patients have to mediate their own understanding of their problems with that of the practitioner, all within the structural constraints of the current health care system. This literature review discusses constructs of mental illness and the impact …

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Improving Decision Making : The Case For Internal Intelligence Functions, Charlene Kaye Farr Jan 2007

Improving Decision Making : The Case For Internal Intelligence Functions, Charlene Kaye Farr

Theses : Honours

Decision making is a crucial facet of human existence. Decision making can also be a powerful instrument in determining the fate of individuals, organisations, governments, and at society at large. Within the context of government, there is enormous responsibility to ensure that decision making as par for the course of management and governance, results in decisions which are informed, timely and appropriate. It is essential that decision making achieves objectives which are beneficial to the individuals or environment, to which they will be applied. This research study seeks to understand the use of intelligence processes to inform and improve decision …

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The Use Of Detached Kelp (Ecklonia Radiata) By Seagrass-Associated Mesograzers In Temperate South-Western Australia, Christopher Doropoulos Jan 2007

The Use Of Detached Kelp (Ecklonia Radiata) By Seagrass-Associated Mesograzers In Temperate South-Western Australia, Christopher Doropoulos

Theses : Honours

The movement of nutrients and organisms between habitats provide important spatial subsidies on local and regional scales, resulting in increased primary and secondary production, especially where inputs supplement habitats of relatively low levels of comparable resources. In coastal south-western Australia, the brown kelp, Ecklonia radiata, is produced in large quantities on offshore reefs from where it detaches and passes through neighbouring habitats. This allochthonous resource is present in large quantities in seagrass meadows and thereby potentially influences the trophic dynamics of this habitat, providing an additional food source for grazers to those produced in situ. This study investigated the effects …

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The Effect Of Irrigation On Soil Water Availability And The Plant Water Relations Of Three Species Growing On Revegetated Bauxite Residue Disposal Areas, Sharyn Burgess Jan 2007

The Effect Of Irrigation On Soil Water Availability And The Plant Water Relations Of Three Species Growing On Revegetated Bauxite Residue Disposal Areas, Sharyn Burgess

Theses : Honours

The waste product resulting from the alumina refining process consists of residue sand and mud which is laid on bauxite residue disposal areas (RDAs). Once the RDAs have been effectively solar dried they are revegetated to minimise deep drainage and potential groundwater contamination. In this study, two RDAs located at Alcoa's Pinjarra refinery were seasonally monitored to determine the effects of irrigation on soil water availability and plant water use. Three experimental Blocks were established by Alcoa, each with an irrigated and unirrigated site. Since then, irrigation has been applied to the three treated sites to maintain the root zone …

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Minimal Exercise, Maximum Benefit? Comparing Incidental Physical Activity With Structured Exercise Participation On Three Measures Of Well-Being In A Group Of Corporate Employees, Warwick J. Mcglone Jan 2007

Minimal Exercise, Maximum Benefit? Comparing Incidental Physical Activity With Structured Exercise Participation On Three Measures Of Well-Being In A Group Of Corporate Employees, Warwick J. Mcglone

Theses : Honours

In response to increasingly sedentary workplaces, many organizations utilise employee well-being programmes that include physical activity. Physical activity is purported to have physiological benefits and improve overall mental well-being and is assumed will benefit the organization through reduced absenteeism rates and enhanced job satisfaction. Whilst research found associations between engagement in exercise and increased levels of well-being, conflicting support exists for reduced absenteeism and little support was found for enhanced job satisfaction. Much research has also failed to consider any mediating effects that stress may have had on the outcome. In addition, there exists little research that compared the effects …

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An Investigation Of The Relationship Between Inhibitory Motor Control And Low And High Trait Impulsivity In Non-Clinical Adults, Lindsay Vibert Jan 2007

An Investigation Of The Relationship Between Inhibitory Motor Control And Low And High Trait Impulsivity In Non-Clinical Adults, Lindsay Vibert

Theses : Honours

Impulsivity is generally thought to refer to rapid, spontaneous and inappropriate behaviour. One causal view of impulsivity is that of executive inhibitory dyscontrol. Inhibitory control requires the suppression of an implicit or explicit response and may be assessed with laboratory behavioural tasks. Executive inhibition includes cognitive inhibition, interference control and behavioural inhibition. Impulsivity is frequently measured using self-report personality-based inventories. Investigations of the relationship between inhibitory control and impulsivity are uncommon. It is further proposed that there is a significant inverse relationship between a self-report measure of impulsivity (the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale) (Patton, Stanford, & Barratt, 1995) and a behavioural …

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Externalising Behaviour Problems And The Influence Of Classroom Environments In The Early School Years ; Student-Teacher Relationships And Teacher Discipline: Their Relation To The Externalising Behaviours Of Kindergarten To Year 1 Students, Emma Spencer Jan 2007

Externalising Behaviour Problems And The Influence Of Classroom Environments In The Early School Years ; Student-Teacher Relationships And Teacher Discipline: Their Relation To The Externalising Behaviours Of Kindergarten To Year 1 Students, Emma Spencer

Theses : Honours

Some of the most influential people in a child's life are the teachers who aid them in their transition into the education system and the complex social environment that it brings (Blancher & Eisenhower, 2006). Children who display externalising behaviours early in childhood often experience greater difficulties than other children when entering school and throughout their education experience (Hinshaw, Lahey & Hart, 1993; Liu, 2004). The student-teacher relationship established within the classroom and the disciplinary measures utilized by the teachers can have a profound impact on the child's development both academically and socially (Galen & Underwood, 1997; Hamre & Pianta, …

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Educating Engineers For The 21st. Century: And Why Some Elements Of History And Philosophy Should Be Incorporated Into The Curriculum, William Grimson, Mike Murphy, Eugene Coyle Jan 2007

Educating Engineers For The 21st. Century: And Why Some Elements Of History And Philosophy Should Be Incorporated Into The Curriculum, William Grimson, Mike Murphy, Eugene Coyle

Conference papers

It has been said that in some respects the Russian composer Igor Stravinsky was a magpie – borrowing styles and ideas from diverse sources for whatever musical project he was working on. The practice of engineering has this same characteristic in that it willingly takes ideas, knowledge and techniques from wherever in pursuit of completing its goal. Further, Engineering is, at least in part, in agreement with Fyodor Dostoevsky – ‘if everything on Earth were rational, nothing would happen’. Against such a background it is proposed that a framework based on both philosophy and the history of engineering, science and …

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Pure Non-Blocking Lc Based Matrix Optical Switch For All-Optical Fibre Networks, Yuri Panarin, V. Alex Jan 2007

Pure Non-Blocking Lc Based Matrix Optical Switch For All-Optical Fibre Networks, Yuri Panarin, V. Alex

Articles

New pure non-blocking matrix optical switch scheme for fiber networks is presented. The optical switch is based on conventional LCD technology, where the each pixel controls the polarization state of the light beam. The suggested switch offers several advantages over the conventional cross-point architecture such as: cost; complexity; size; adjustment; and optical performance

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Reconstructing The Past: Heritage Research And Preservation Activities In Tampa Bay Communities, Courtney Ross Spillane Jan 2007

Reconstructing The Past: Heritage Research And Preservation Activities In Tampa Bay Communities, Courtney Ross Spillane

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

There are numerous ways in which cultural heritage can be preserved, such as: physical museums, virtual museums, tours of historic homes, and community meetings. For this project, I participated in and observed heritage preservation activities in two very different communities--- Sulphur Springs and Seminole Heights in Tampa, Florida. My internship appointment was with OSHNA (Old Seminole Heights Neighborhood Association) under the direction of Dr. Steve Gluckman. My primary focus was assisting heritage preservation committee members in each of the two communities with heritage preservation projects specific to their community needs and interests. One project is the development of a heritage …

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