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Right Sizing The People's Liberation Army: Exploring The Contours Of China's Military, Andrew Scobell Dr., Roy Kamphausen Mr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

This volume addresses how the leadership of China and the PLA view what size of PLA best meets China’s requirements. Among other things, this analytical process makes important new contributions on the question of PLA transparency, long an issue among PLA watchers. A great deal of emphasis has been put on understanding not only how, but also why a military modernizes itself. Some of the determining factors are national policies and strategy, doctrine, organizational structure, missions, and service cultures. While this list is not exhaustive, it does begin to paint a picture of just how broad and deep military interests …

The Evolution Of Color Polymorphism: Crypticity, Searching Images, And Apostatic Selection, Alan B. Bond

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

The development and maintenance of color polymorphism in cryptic prey species is a source of enduring fascination, in part because it appears to result from selective processes operating across multiple levels of analysis, ranging from cognitive psychology to population ecology. Since the 1960s, prey species with diverse phenotypes have been viewed as the evolved reflection of the perceptual and cognitive characteristics of their predators. Because it is harder to search simultaneously for two or more cryptic prey types than to search for only one, visual predators should tend to focus on the most abundant forms and effectively overlook the others. …

False Promises: Females Spurn Cheating Males In A Field Cricket, William E. Wagner, Andrew R. Smith, Alexandra Basolo

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Females commonly prefer to mate with males that provide greater material benefits, which they often select using correlated male signals. When females select higher-benefit males based on correlated signals, however, males can potentially deceive females by producing exaggerated signals of benefit quality. The handicap mechanism can prevent lower-quality males from producing exaggerated signals, but cannot prevent cheating by higher-quality males that choose to withhold the benefit, and this poses a major problem for the evolution of female choice based on direct benefits. In a field cricket, Gryllus lineaticeps, females receive seminal fluid products from males with preferred songs that …

A Systematic Approach To The Development Of Fluorescent Contrast Agents For Optical Imaging Of Mouse Cancer Models, Joy L. Kovar, Melanie A. Simpson, Amy Schutz-Geschwender, D. Michael Olive

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

In the past decade, our increased elucidation of the molecular basis of cancer has led to the development of novel targeted strategies for specific inhibition of cancer signaling pathways that control growth, proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Several monoclonal-antibody-based therapeutics and small-molecule drugs have received clearance for use as human therapeutics [1]. However, among these successes are many candidate drugs that have failed in clinical trials despite promising preclinical results [2]. The development of targeted therapeutics is expensive and time consuming. In their Critical Path Initiative, the United States Food and Drug Administration emphasized the need for more effective tools to …

Does N-Acetylcysteine Have An Effect On Acetylcholine-Induced Contractions And Histopathological Changes On Isolated Rat Ileum?, Emine Koc, Sema A. Yavuzer, Belgin Can, Banu Ocakcıoglu, Ahmet Ergun, Yuksel Saran

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the action of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on rat isolated ileal contractility, and to determine the effects of NAC on histopathological changes on ileal tissue. METHODS: The study took place at the Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey, in January 2003. Adult Wistar rats were used in all experiments. Two groups were designed. The experimental group, to which NAC 0.5 g/Kg/day was administered orally by adding to their water for 7 days, and the control group to which only saline was administered. At the end of the experimental periods, one cm pieces of terminal ileum segments were removed …

The Potential Osteogenic Effects Of Systemic Leptin And Insulin Administration In Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Female Rats, Hayam I. Gad

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of leptin administration on some biochemical parameters of bone turnover in diabetic rats using either leptin alone or a combination of leptin and insulin. METHODS: The study was carried out on 32 female Wistar rats supplied by the Medical College animal house at King Khalid Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the period from March to December 2006. Rats were divided into 4 groups (8 rats each), controls, non-treated diabetic, leptin-treated diabetic, and leptin plus insulin-treated diabetic rats. After induction of diabetes by 6 weeks, treatment with leptin either alone or combined with insulin …

A Conservative Approach To Unilateral Ovarian Torsion In A Rat Model, Ebru Dikensoy, Ahmet Gocmen, Ibrahim Sari

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether surgical detorsion is effective in preventing surgical resection in a rat model of ovarian torsion. METHODS: This study was performed between July 2002 and May 2003 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Gaziantep University Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey. Fifty adult female rats were randomized into 10 groups. The right ovaries in the study groups were manually twisted under general anesthesia. The duration of ovarian torsion was 24, 48, 72, or 96 hours. Each group was also divided into 2 subgroups according to the time lapse following detorsion (24 or 72 hours). During autopsy, both ovaries …

Is There An Oxidative Stress In Children With Helicobacter Pylori Infection?, Duran Arslan, Kader Kose, Tahir E. Patiroglu

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the status of oxidative stress in children with Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and their relationship with inflammatory parameters. METHODS: At the Pediatric Gastroenterology Department of Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey, between January 2004 to August 2005, 39 children undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were investigated for malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in gastric tissue and erythrocytes, and presence of HP infection by means of histology. RESULTS: There is an increase of the oxidative stress parameter, MDA, in gastric tissue, but not in erythrocytes in HP (+) patients. The antioxidant enzyme, SOD, levels both in gastric tissue …

Diphtheria, Pertussis, And Tetanus Serosurvey In Saudi Children, Yagob Y. Al-Mazrou, Mohamed K. Khalil, Sirag A. Elgizouli, Mohamed H. Al-Jeffri, Mohamed M. Bakhsh, Ameen A. Mishkais

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate immune protection against vaccine-preventable diseases targeted by the Expanded Program of Immunization in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: The study was carried out from September 2001 to February 2002. Using multistage sampling techniques, samples were collected from 5 regions of Saudi Arabia and sent for laboratory assay from the following age groups; 50 samples at 12 months, 50 at 6 years, and 100 at 17 years. Sera were assayed for diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. Sero neutralization was used for anti-diphtheria antibody assay, while enzyme linked immunoassay was used for anti-tetanus, anti-filament hemoagglutination (anti-FHA), and anti-pertussis titer (anti-PT) antibody assay. …

The Prevalence Of Cryptosporidiosis In Turkish Children, And Genotyping Of Isolates By Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism, Gulden S. Tamer, Meral Turk, Hande Dagci, Bayram Pektas, Edward C. Guy, Adnan Y. Guruz, Ahmet Uner

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To verify the incidence of cryptosporidiosis among Turkish elementary school students. METHODS: This study was conducted in the Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Turkey during a 3-month period in 2006. We assessed the fecal samples of 707 children using modified acid-fast and phenol-auramine staining followed by modified Ritchie concentration method. All Cryptosporidium species isolates were analyzed by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) to differentiate the genotypes of the isolates. After the coprological examination, 4 samples were found to be positive for Cryptosporidium species oocysts. RESULTS: In the present study, all …

Nutrient Concentrations Of Runoff During The Year Following Manure Application, John E. Gilley, Bahman Eghball, D. B. Marx

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Little information is currently available concerning temporal changes in nutrient transport following the addition of manure to cropland areas. This study was conducted to measure nutrient transport in runoff as affected by tillage and time following the application of beef cattle or swine manure to a site on which corn (Zea mays L.) was grown. Rainfall simulation tests were initiated 4, 32, 62, 123, and 354 days following land application. Three 30 min simulated rainfall events, separated by 24 h intervals, were conducted at an intensity of approximately 70 mm h-1. Dissolved phosphorus (DP), particulate phosphorus (PP), total phosphorus …

Mail And Web Surveys: A Comparison Of Demographic Characteristics And Response Quality When Respondents Self-Select The Survey Administration Mode, Dawn M. Mackety

Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to use a nonexperimental, quantitative design to compare mail and web surveys with survey mode self-selection at two data collection waves. Research questions examined differences and predictabilities among demographics (gender, ethnicity, age, and professional employment) and response quality (pronoun use, item nonresponse, response extremity, yea-saying, item completion errors, response length, response equivalency, anecdotal comments, and multiple response use) by survey mode and response wave. Analyses were conducted using chi-squares, ANOVAs, t -tests, and binary logistic regressions.

A questionnaire in mail and web formats containing 48 forced-choice and open-ended items was administered to a nonrandom …

Ensuring The Domestic Violence Victim A Means Of Communication: Why Passing Legislation That Criminalizes Impairing Another's Communication Is The Next Logical Step In Combating Domestic Violence, Dennis Feeney Jr.

Seton Hall Journal of Legislation and Public Policy

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Biculturalism On Human Learned Helplessness With Northern Plains Native Americans, Alan H. Storey Jr.

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the effects of participant ethnicity, research ethnicity, and either failure, success, or neural feedback on performance on letter anagram tasks. The failure feedback represented a standard learned helplessness paradigm with the dependent measures focused on the interferences and behavior of he participants in response to feedback from either a Native American or European American researcher. A total of 55 Native Americans and 73 European Americans were assigned randomly to one of three feedback conditions (success, failure, neutral) conducted by a study blind examiner of either American Indian or Caucasian ethnicity and appearance. Participant level of biculturalism was …

Special Solicitude For State Standing: Massachusetts V. Epa, Dru Stevenson

Penn State Law Review (2003 - Present)

No abstract provided.

Do Horizontal Propulsive Forces Influence The Nonlinear Structure Of Locomotion?, Max J. Kurz, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

Background: Several investigations have suggested that changes in the nonlinear gait dynamics are related to the neural control of locomotion. However, no investigations have provided insight on how neural control of the locomotive pattern may be directly reflected in changes in the nonlinear gait dynamics. Our simulations with a passive dynamic walking model predicted that toe-off impulses that assist the forward motion of the center of mass influence the nonlinear gait dynamics. Here we tested this prediction in humans as they walked on the treadmill while the forward progression of the center of mass was assisted by a custom built …

Lsuhsc Facilities Biweekly Update: August 2007, Lsuhsc Property And Facilities Management

LSUHSC Facilities Biweekly Updates: 2007

LSUHSC Facilities Biweekly Updates from August 3, 17 and 31, 2006.

These updates describe damage and a timeline of repairs at the LSU Health Sciences Center - New Orleans campus due to Hurricane Katrina which made landfall August 29, 2005.

In Vitro Plant Regeneration From Petiole-Derived Callus And Characterization Of Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (Issr) Markers Of Amorphophallus Hewittii Alderw. (Araceae)., Douglas Charles Bertelsen

Student Work

The genus Amorphophallus contains many species that are sought after by collectors. A large proportion of these species do not reproduce quickly enough to satisfy the demand. Consequently, the establishment of micropropagation methods to increase the supply is desirable. Though several protocols for tissue culture do exist, these focus on species of agricultural importance that naturally reproduce vegetatively. This research demonstrated the successful in vitro reproduction of Amorphophallus hewittii Alderw., a species that is not known to reproduce vegetatively. The protocol avoided destroying the parent plant through use of petiole material. It concluded with direct transfer of shoots to soil, …

The Cerebellar Fastigial Nucleus Contributes To Co2-H+ Ventilatory Sensitivity In Awake Goats, P. F. Martino, S. Davis, C. Opansky, Katie L. Krause, Joshua M. Bonis, Lawrence Pan, B. Qian, Hubert V. Forster

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that an intact cerebellar fastigial nucleus (CFN) is an important determinant of CO₂-H⁺ sensitivity during wakefulness. Bilateral, stainless steel microtubules were implanted into the CFN (N = 9) for injection (0.5–10 μl) of the neurotoxin ibotenic acid. Two or more weeks after implantation of the microtubules, eupneic breathing and CO₂-H⁺ sensitivity did not differ significantly (P > 0.10) from pre-implantation conditions. Injection of ibotenic acid (50 mM) did not significantly alter eupneic Pa_CO2 (P > 0.10). The coefficient of variation of …

Kippur And The Enemy, Roy E. Gane

Shabbat Shalom: A Journal for Jewish-Christian Reconciliation

No abstract provided.

Pulmonary Microvascular Injury Resulting From A Single Exposure To Low-Dose Thoracic Radiation, Q. Wu, G. Schmirler, John E. Moulder, Elizabeth R. Jacobs, Meetha Medhora, Robert C. Molthen

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Soleus H-Reflex Excitability Changes In Response To Sinusoidal Hip Stretches In The Injured Human Spinal Cord, Maria Knikou, Brian D. Schmit, Debjani Chaudhuri, Elizabeth Kay, William Zev Rymer

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Imposed static hip stretches substantially modulate the soleus H-reflex in people with an intact or injured spinal cord while stretch of the hip flexors affect the walking pattern in lower vertebrates and humans. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of dynamic hip stretches on the soleus H-reflex in supine spinal cord injured (SCI) subjects. Sinusoidal movements were imposed on the right hip joint at 0.2 Hz by a Biodex system. H-reflexes from the soleus muscle were recorded as the leg moved in flexion or extension. Stimuli were sent only once in every hip movement cycle that …

Terms Of Inclusion: Unity And Diversity In Public Education, Harvey Kantor, Robert Lowe

College of Education Faculty Research and Publications

In this review essay, Harvey Kantor and Robert Lowe explore the history of the culture wars in public education in the United States. Drawing on three books — David Tyack’s Seeking Common Ground, Jonathan Zimmerman’s Whose America? and Amy Binder’s Contentious Curricula— Kantor and Lowe review the history of struggles over the content of history texts and over the place of religion and religious values in the classroom. They suggest that while these struggles have been partially successful in freeing public education from the racial and ethno-religious particularisms that informed its origins, the more inclusive curriculum that resulted …

Ideology Or Isolationism? Russian Identity And Its Influence On Orthodox-Catholic Relations Part Iii: Pope John Paul Ii And A Prospective Visit To Russia, Catherine Clare Caridi

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

No abstract provided.

Liturgy And Revolution Part Ii: Radical Christianity, Radical Democracy, And Revolution In Georgia, W. Benjamin Boswell

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Moisture Addition With A Mold Inhibitor On Feed Manufacture, Pellet Quality, And Broiler Performance, John M. Hott

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Commercial broilers are typically fed pelleted diets because of the resulting improvements in bird performance and ease of transportation. Feed and feed manufacturing costs account for 60--70% of the total costs incurred in a broiler production system. Feed manufacturers are constantly searching for ways to decrease production costs while maintaining high pellet quality. Moisture addition at the mixer has been shown to increase pellet quality and decrease pellet mill energy consumption. However, past literature has incorporated high moisture addition levels that may be impractical in an industrial setting. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of moisture …

Alterations In Progesterone Catabolic Enzymes By Insulin, Caleb Owens Lemley

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The current experiments were conducted to determine if insulin could alter the progesterone catabolic enzymes, cytochrome P450 2C and 3A in vitro, utilizing a mouse hepatocyte cell-line, or in vivo, utilizing the ovariectomized ewe as a model. The objectives of the in vitro work were to determine if a four hour challenge with insulin, glucagon or a combination of both insulin and glucagon would lead to a reduction in the relative abundance of CYP2C39 or CYP3A13 mRNA, as well as a decrease in the enzymatic activities of CYP3A and CYP2C subfamilies. A dose dependent decrease (P < 0.05) in CYP2C and CYP3A activity was observed in hepatocytes challenged with increasing concentrations of insulin, while a challenge with glucagon had no effect on cytochrome P450 2C or 3A activity. Cytochrome P450 2C activity was decreased (P < 0.05) during exposure of cells to 1.0 nM insulin and 0.1 nM glucagon as well as 0.1 nM insulin and 1.0 nM glucagon. Cells cultured with 1.0 nM insulin and 0.1 nM glucagon showed a trend ( P < 0.10) for a decrease in CYP3A activity. The relative abundance of CYP2C39 and CYP3A13 mRNA showed no response to insulin, glucagon or a combination of insulin and glucagon exposure. These data support a model in which the known insulin-induced decrease in progesterone catabolism is a result of a reduction in CYP2C and CYP3A activity. The objectives of the in vivo experiment, utilizing ovariectomized ewes, were to determine if supplementing feed with either sodium acetate or sodium propionate altered insulin secretion, hepatic activity of cytochrome P450 2C and 3A, and/or progesterone clearance. Sixteen ovariectomized ewes were fed 3 kg/d for 10 d, a diet consisting of 50% corn silage, 38% triticale haylage, 12% soy bean meal, and 200 mL of 3.5 M sodium acetate (energy control n = 8) or 2.0 M sodium propionate (gluconeogenic substrate; n = 8). Insulin concentrations were determined directly before feeding and at 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, and 300 min. Progesterone clearance from peripheral circulation was measured by giving a 5 mg injection of progesterone into the left jugular vein and collecting blood via the right jugular vein at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, 20 and 30 min afterwards. Liver biopsies were taken one hour after feeding and used for determination of cytochrome P450 2C and 3A activities. Insulin concentrations in ewes supplemented with sodium propionate were elevated (P < 0.05) at 15, 30 and 60 minutes after feeding compared to the sodium acetate group. Cytochrome P450 2C and 3A activity were decreased (P ≤ 0.05) 1 h after feeding in the sodium propionate treatment relative to sodium acetate treatment. Clearance of progesterone from the peripheral circulation, one hour after feeding, was similar between treatment groups, as well as the average fractional rate constant of progesterone clearance (k). Elucidating a mechanism to decrease progesterone catabolism, thereby increasing concentrations of progesterone, seems a logical approach to ameliorate high rates of embryonic loss without compromising dry matter intake.

Post-Fledging Ecology And Survival Of Neotropical Migratory Songbirds On A Managed Appalachian Forest, Tim A. Dellinger

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

During the post-fledging period, some juvenile songbirds appear to require early successional habitats at some level, suggesting that disturbance (whether natural or anthropogenic) in the landscape is important. Previous studies of juvenile Wood Thrushes (Hylocichla mustelina) have found them in early successional areas in which adults do not nest. My objective was to determine how juvenile Wood Thrushes used areas harvested through various silvicultural techniques within a forested landscape. I examined settled areas, habitat use, survival, and daily movements of 55 radio-tagged juvenile Wood Thrushes on a managed forest in the central Appalachian mountains of West Virginia during 2004 to …

Stream Fish Populations In A Watershed Scale Context For Fish Community Dynamics In Central Appalachian Watersheds, Zina Hense

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In this study we first conducted a three pass removal study to estimate electrofishing capture probabilities for species and size classes of fish common in the Cheat River and Tygart River watersheds of West Virginia. We then calculated models of capture probabilities for 12 species that were divided into two size classes based on site-specific physico-chemical variables. We took these capture probability models and applied them to a watershed scale study in the Cheat River and Tygart Valley River watersheds of West Virginia. We sampled across the two watersheds with the objective of quantifying and relating juvenile and adult distributions …

Management Perceptions Of Off-Highway Vehicle Use On National Forest System Lands In Appalachia, Katherine A. Thompson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Because of recent changes in the USDA Forest Service (USFS) travel management regulations, all National Forests are required to create a travel management atlas that includes a motor vehicle use map by 2009. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptions of OHV use, issues, and management among USFS District Rangers on National Forests in the Appalachian region, and to determine the differences in perceptions of those District Rangers based on the level of OHV recreation opportunities provided on their Districts. Having this information available will help managers make decisions about how to update their travel management plans. …