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2006

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Articles 1351 - 1380 of 74531

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Birds Of Washington: Status And Distribution Edited By Terence R. Wahl, Bill Tweit, And Steven G. Mlodinow, Clayton M. White Dec 2006

Birds Of Washington: Status And Distribution Edited By Terence R. Wahl, Bill Tweit, And Steven G. Mlodinow, Clayton M. White

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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The Bg News December 8, 2006, Bowling Green State University Dec 2006

The Bg News December 8, 2006, Bowling Green State University

BG News (Student Newspaper)

The BGSU campus student newspaper. December 8, 2006. Volume 97-Issue 73.

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Enhancements Of A Three Dimensional Target Model For Deep Ground Penetrating Radar Systems, Lonnie Parker Dec 2006

Enhancements Of A Three Dimensional Target Model For Deep Ground Penetrating Radar Systems, Lonnie Parker

Theses

Both commercial and military industries incorporate the use of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR). In the case of the military, a stationary object, such as a bunker or tunnel, can be detected. Even high-resolution, three-dimensional (3D) and twodimensional (2D) imagery of energy reflected by the target and its surrounding environment can be produced. This is accomplished using multiple scene perspectives inherent in advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) techniques. Although underground target detection can be successful, the return data, usually suffers a significant degree of signal degradation due to the ground medium and target composition. A valid theoretical target model must account …

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Reproduction, Embryonic Development, And Maternal Transfer Of Contaminants In The Amphibian Gastrophryne Carolinensis, William Alexander Hopkins, Sarah Elizabeth Durant, Brandon Patrick Staub, Christopher Lee Rowe, Brian Phillip Jackson Dec 2006

Reproduction, Embryonic Development, And Maternal Transfer Of Contaminants In The Amphibian Gastrophryne Carolinensis, William Alexander Hopkins, Sarah Elizabeth Durant, Brandon Patrick Staub, Christopher Lee Rowe, Brian Phillip Jackson

Dartmouth Scholarship

Although many amphibian populations around the world are declining at alarming rates, the cause of most declines remains unknown. Environmental contamination is one of several factors implicated in declines and may have particularly important effects on sensitive developmental stages. Despite the severe effects of maternal transfer of contaminants on early development in other vertebrate lineages, no studies have examined the effects of maternal transfer of contaminants on reproduction or development in amphibians. We examined maternal transfer of contaminants in eastern narrow-mouth toads (Gastrophryne carolinensis) collected from a reference site and near a coal-burning power plant. Adult toads inhabiting …

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Central Florida Future, Vol. 39 No. 45, December 8, 2006 Dec 2006

Central Florida Future, Vol. 39 No. 45, December 8, 2006

Central Florida Future

No abstract provided.

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The Colby Echo (2006-12-08), Colby College Dec 2006

The Colby Echo (2006-12-08), Colby College

The Colby Echo

Published by the students of Colby College since 1877, The Colby Echo is the weekly, editorially independent student-run newspaper of Colby College in Waterville, Maine. Published monthly, 1877-1886; semi-monthly, 1886-1897; and weekly, during the academic year, 1898-present.

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Front Matter, Vol. 66 No. 4 Dec 2006

Front Matter, Vol. 66 No. 4

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Expression And Function Of Alpha3 And Beta2 Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subunits In Hek-293 Cells, Nathan W. Steinhafel Dec 2006

Expression And Function Of Alpha3 And Beta2 Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subunits In Hek-293 Cells, Nathan W. Steinhafel

Theses and Dissertations

Single-cell real-time quantitative RT-PCR was used to characterize the mRNA expression of rat neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits α3 and β2 in CA1 hippocampus stratum radiatum and stratum oriens interneurons. α3β2 co-expression was detected in 43% of interneurons analyzed. The nAChR subtype α3β2 was transiently expressed in cells derived from the human embryonic kidney cell line 293 at mRNA levels found in the CA1. The functional properties of α3β2 in HEK-293 cells were characterized by whole-cell patch clamping using acetylcholine (ACh) as an agonist. The kinetics of α3β2 channels were further analyzed by altering the level of α3 DNA …

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Developing A Benchmark Suite For The Evaluation Of Orientation Sensors, Kelly Waller Dec 2006

Developing A Benchmark Suite For The Evaluation Of Orientation Sensors, Kelly Waller

All Theses

This paper examines the problem with the lack of standardization through which MEMS orientation sensors are evaluated. These sensors are sold with data sheets that outline their performance, but lack the conditions under which the testing takes place. In this research, a testing apparatus was developed, and testing routines were designed to evaluate the different characteristics of orientation sensors under different motion conditions. Three orientation sensors, each in a different price range, were evaluated with the benchmark suite. The testing apparatus is a turntable that can precisely spin an orientation sensor via a stepper motor, and can record its exact …

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The Causes And Correlates Of Childhood Obesity: A Study Of Children Between 10 And 14 Years Of Age, Rajani Shakya Dec 2006

The Causes And Correlates Of Childhood Obesity: A Study Of Children Between 10 And 14 Years Of Age, Rajani Shakya

All Theses

ABSTRACT


Obesity is an alarming public health problem among people of all age groups in nearly every society. The increasing obesity rates are especially serious in the United States. The main purpose of this thesis is to explore the causes and correlates of obesity among American children between the ages of 10 and 14 using National Longitudinal Survey of Youth Child Data (NLSY79-CA).
This thesis hypothesized three major causal factors for the likelihood of children between the ages of 10 and 14 to be overweight or obese: socio-demographic groups, activities that children prefer to participate in, and the associated health …

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Open Fire! New Book Sheds Light On Gun Culture, Matt Kurz Dec 2006

Open Fire! New Book Sheds Light On Gun Culture, Matt Kurz

News and Events (Discontinued Series)

No abstract provided.

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Modeling Long-Term Plutonium Transport In The Savannah River Site Vadose Zone, Deniz Demirkanli Dec 2006

Modeling Long-Term Plutonium Transport In The Savannah River Site Vadose Zone, Deniz Demirkanli

All Dissertations

Improved understanding of flow and radionuclide transport in vadose zone sediments is fundamental to future planning involving radioactive materials. Long-term experiments were conducted at the Savannah River Site (SRS), where a series of lysimeters containing sources of different Pu oxidation states were placed in the shallow subsurface and exposed to the environment for 2 to 11 years. After the experiments, Pu activity concentrations were measured along vertical cores. The distributions were anomalous in nature, with irregular downward migration and unexpected upward migration. Previous studies suggested that surface-mediated, oxidation/reduction (redox) reactions may be responsible for the anomalies. This hypothesis is tested …

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A Robust Conjugate Heat Transfer Methodology With Novel Turbulence Modeling Applied To Internally-Cooled Gas Turbine Airfoils, William York Dec 2006

A Robust Conjugate Heat Transfer Methodology With Novel Turbulence Modeling Applied To Internally-Cooled Gas Turbine Airfoils, William York

All Dissertations

Computational fluid dynamics and heat transfer (CFD) has become a viable, physics-based analysis tool for complex flow and/or heat transfer problems in recent years due, in large part, to rapid advances in computing power. CFD based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations is starting to enter the mainstream design environment in certain industries where rapid and reliable predictive capability is necessary. One such application is the gas turbine industry, where thermal management of airfoils at extremely high temperatures is one of the most critical components in engine design for reliability. The problem is complicated by the need for advanced airfoil …

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Serologic Survey Of The Island Spotted Skunk On Santa Cruz Island, Victoria J. Bakker, Dirk H. Van Vuren, Kevin R. Crooks, Cheryl A. Scott, Jeffery T. Wilcox, David K. Garcelon Dec 2006

Serologic Survey Of The Island Spotted Skunk On Santa Cruz Island, Victoria J. Bakker, Dirk H. Van Vuren, Kevin R. Crooks, Cheryl A. Scott, Jeffery T. Wilcox, David K. Garcelon

Western North American Naturalist

Two rare endemic carnivores occur on California's northern Channel Islands: island spotted skunks (Spilogale gracilis amphiala) and island foxes (Urocyon littoralis). As insular carnivores, both may be particularly vulnerable to novel pathogens. We tested sera from 31 island spotted skunks on Santa Cruz Island, where both skunks and foxes occur sympatrically, to establish their exposure to disease agents. One skunk (3%) tested positive for canine heartworm, and 3 skunks (10%) tested positive for canine parvovirus. None showed evidence of exposure to canine adenovirus, canine distemper virus, canine herpesvirus, Leptospira bacteria (serovars pomona, canicola, and …

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Characterization Of The Dorsal Skin Gland Of The Texas Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys Elator (Rodentia: Heteromyidae), Frederick B. Stangl Jr., Jim R. Goetze, Michael M. Shipley, Desiree A. Early Dec 2006

Characterization Of The Dorsal Skin Gland Of The Texas Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys Elator (Rodentia: Heteromyidae), Frederick B. Stangl Jr., Jim R. Goetze, Michael M. Shipley, Desiree A. Early

Western North American Naturalist

The dorsal skin gland appears to be a sexually dimorphic character for all species of Dipodomys; however, this feature has not been characterized for most taxa. Previous studies of several species have demonstrated the histological uniqueness of the gland in D. spectabilis. Other attempts to correlate seasonal variation in gland size with reproductive patterns have met with mixed success. An examination of the dorsal skin glands of 333 museum study skins of adult Dipodomys elator demonstrated a July–August size decrease in both sexes, although the glands of males were larger and more variable in size than those of …

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The Female Of Cnodocentron (Caenocentron) Yavapai Moulton And Stewart (Trichoptera: Xiphocentronidae), David E. Ruiter Dec 2006

The Female Of Cnodocentron (Caenocentron) Yavapai Moulton And Stewart (Trichoptera: Xiphocentronidae), David E. Ruiter

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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A Longevity Record For Canada Lynx, Lynx Canadensis, In Western Montana, Jay A. Kolbe, John R. Squires Dec 2006

A Longevity Record For Canada Lynx, Lynx Canadensis, In Western Montana, Jay A. Kolbe, John R. Squires

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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The Eastern Echo, December 8, 2006, Eastern Michigan University Dec 2006

The Eastern Echo, December 8, 2006, Eastern Michigan University

EMU Student Newspaper: The Normal News & The Eastern Echo

No abstract provided.

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Wildlife Use Of Douglas-Fir Dwarf Mistletoe Witches' Brooms In The Southwest, Shaula J. Hedwall, Robert L. Mathiasen Dec 2006

Wildlife Use Of Douglas-Fir Dwarf Mistletoe Witches' Brooms In The Southwest, Shaula J. Hedwall, Robert L. Mathiasen

Western North American Naturalist

We evaluated wildlife use of witches' brooms associated with infection by Douglas-fir dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium douglasii) in 6 mixed-conifer study areas in Arizona and 2 areas in New Mexico. We climbed 153 infected Douglas-firs (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and examined 706 witches' brooms for evidence of wildlife use. Even though we observed evidence of use by birds, most wildlife use was by small mammals, particularly red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus). Red squirrels used witches' brooms for nesting, foraging, caching, and as latrines. Witches' brooms classified as Type II or III brooms, located close to the main bole …

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Raptors Of California By Hans Peeters And Pam Peeters, Clayton M. White Dec 2006

Raptors Of California By Hans Peeters And Pam Peeters, Clayton M. White

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Correlation Of Neighborhood Relationships, Carbon Assimilation, And Water Status Of Sagebrush Seedlings Establishing After Fire, Katherine Dicristina, Matthew Germino Dec 2006

Correlation Of Neighborhood Relationships, Carbon Assimilation, And Water Status Of Sagebrush Seedlings Establishing After Fire, Katherine Dicristina, Matthew Germino

Western North American Naturalist

Interactions of Artemisia tridentata ssp. vaseyana (mountain big sagebrush) and neighboring herbs may affect community development following fire in sagebrush steppe. Dry mass, photosynthesis, and water relations were measured for seedlings of A. tridentata ssp. vaseyana occurring at different distances from neighboring herbs in the initial growing seasons following fire, when herbs dominate plant community cover. Seedling mass significantly increased as distance to neighboring herbs increased, although a low r2 indicated that mass was also affected by other sources of variation. Carbon assimilation (Anet) was also greater for A. tridentata ssp. vaseyana seedlings in microsites farther …

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Populations And Habitat Relationships Of Piute Ground Squirrels In Southwestern Idaho, Karen Steenhof, Eric Yensen, Michael N. Kochert, Kenneth L. Gage Dec 2006

Populations And Habitat Relationships Of Piute Ground Squirrels In Southwestern Idaho, Karen Steenhof, Eric Yensen, Michael N. Kochert, Kenneth L. Gage

Western North American Naturalist

Piute ground squirrels (Spermophilus mollis idahoensis) are normally above ground from late January until late June or early July in the Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area in southwestern Idaho. In 2002 they were rarely seen above ground after early May. Because of the ecological importance of ground squirrels for nesting raptors and other species, we sought to determine the reasons for their early disappearance. We sampled 12 sites from January 2003 through March 2003 to determine if a population crash had occurred in 2002. Tests indicated that Piute ground squirrels had not been exposed to …

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Invasion Biology: Critique Of A Pseudoscience By David Theodoropoulos, Howard Clark Dec 2006

Invasion Biology: Critique Of A Pseudoscience By David Theodoropoulos, Howard Clark

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Index [And Table Of Contents] To Volume 66 Dec 2006

Index [And Table Of Contents] To Volume 66

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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End Matter, Vol. 66 No. 4 Dec 2006

End Matter, Vol. 66 No. 4

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Testing Hypothesized Evolutionary Shifts Toward Stress Tolerance In Hybrid Helianthus Species, Larry C. Brouillette, Maheteme Gebremedhin, David M. Rosenthal, Lisa A. Donovan Dec 2006

Testing Hypothesized Evolutionary Shifts Toward Stress Tolerance In Hybrid Helianthus Species, Larry C. Brouillette, Maheteme Gebremedhin, David M. Rosenthal, Lisa A. Donovan

Western North American Naturalist

We examined how plant traits related to growth and resource use have evolved during hybrid speciation and specialization into stressful habitats. Two desert sunflower species of homoploid hybrid origin are endemic to habitats with lower soil nutrient levels than those of their ancestral parent species. We hypothesized that the hybrid species would exhibit greater tolerance to low levels of soil nutrients than their parental species. The 2 hybrid species, Helianthus anomalus and H. deserticola, and their parental species, H. annuus and H. petiolaris, were compared for plant traits and growth through reproduction under 3 nutrient levels in a …

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Long-Term Effects Of Tebuthiuron On Bromus Tectorum, Dana M. Blumenthal, Urszula Norton, Justin D. Derner, Jean D. Reeder Dec 2006

Long-Term Effects Of Tebuthiuron On Bromus Tectorum, Dana M. Blumenthal, Urszula Norton, Justin D. Derner, Jean D. Reeder

Western North American Naturalist

Use of herbicides to thin dense stands of Artemisia spp. (sagebrush) can free up resources for herbaceous plants and increase forage production, but may also facilitate weed invasion. We revisited a sagebrush thinning experiment in a north central Wyoming big sagebrush–grassland 11 years after application of tebuthiuron (N-[5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]-N-N′-dimethylurea) to determine the long-term responses of shrubs, available soil resources, perennial grasses, and Bromus tectorum L. (downy brome). Tebuthiuron reduced shrub cover by more than half, from 31% in untreated plots to 15% in treated plots (P = 0.002), and increased downy brome cover approximately 4-fold, from 0.9% in untreated plots …

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Stand-Level Herbivory In An Old-Growth Conifer Forest Canopy, David C. Shaw, Kristina A. Ernest, H. Bruce Rinker, Margaret D. Lowman Dec 2006

Stand-Level Herbivory In An Old-Growth Conifer Forest Canopy, David C. Shaw, Kristina A. Ernest, H. Bruce Rinker, Margaret D. Lowman

Western North American Naturalist

Herbivory is an important ecological process in forest canopies but is difficult to measure, especially for whole stands. We used the Wind River Canopy Crane in Washington State to access 101 randomly-located sample points throughout the forest canopy. This provided a relatively quick and convenient way to estimate herbivory for a whole stand. The overall level of herbivory was estimated at 1.6% of leaf area. The distribution was strongly skewed to the lower canopy where broad-leafed species experienced higher levels of herbivory. Herbivory averaged 0.3% in conifers and 13.5% in broad-leafed species. Fully half of the sample points had no …

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Ecology Of Owens Valley Vole (Microtus Californicus Vallicola), Fletcher C. Nelson, Michael L. Morrison, Roel R. Lopez, Fred E. Smeins, Nova J. Silvy Dec 2006

Ecology Of Owens Valley Vole (Microtus Californicus Vallicola), Fletcher C. Nelson, Michael L. Morrison, Roel R. Lopez, Fred E. Smeins, Nova J. Silvy

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Reviewers For 2006 Dec 2006

Reviewers For 2006

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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