Digital Commons Network^™

Fossil History Of Billfishes (Xiphioidei), Harry L. Fierstine

Biological Sciences

This review characterizes each of the five extinct and extant families of billfishes and discusses the relevant literature. Families include: Hemingwayidae (monotypic; late Paleocene, Turkmenistan), Blochiidae (1 genus, 2 species; middle Eocene, Italy), Palaeorhynchidae (4 genera, ca. 22 species; early Eocene-possibly early Miocene, Europe, Iran, Russia, U.S.A.), Xiphiidae that includes the subfamilies Xiphiorhynchinae (1 genus, 9 species; early Eocene-late Oligocene, Egypt, Europe, U.S.A.) and Xiphiinae (monotypic; middle Miocene-present, world-wide temperate- tropical seas), and the Istiophoridae (3 genera, 13 species; middle Miocene-present; world-wide temperate-tropical seas). Billfishes first appeared in the region of the ancient Tethys Sea (or Paratethys), except for the …

Viewpoint: Look Before Taking Another Leap For Mankind- Ethical And Social Considerationa In Rebuilding Society In Space, Patrick Lin

Philosophy

Commercial space travel is looking more like a real possibility than science fiction, but tied to that ambition we may be held back by the gravity of emerging ethical dilemmas. This viewpoint article surveys a range of social, economic, and political questions, and critically evaluates reasons why we should explore space. The usual ethical issues related to environmental and safety concerns are just the beginning, as there are other interesting questions, such as: what would be a fair process for commercializing or claiming property in space; how likely would a separatist movement be among space settlements who want to be …

Using Latent Effects To Determine The Ecological Importance Of Dissolved Organic Matter To Marine Invertebrates, Dean E. Wendt, Collin H. Johnson

Biological Sciences

The uptake and utilization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) by marine invertebrates is a field that has received significant attention over the past 100 years. Although it is well established that DOM is taken up by marine invertebrates, the extent to which it contributes to an animal's survival, growth, and reproduction (that is, the ecological benefits) remains largely unknown. Previous work seeking to demonstrate the putative ecological benefits of DOM uptake have examined them within a single life stage of an animal. Moreover, most of the benefits are demonstrated through indirect approaches by examining (1) mass balance, or (2) making …

Factors That Influence Elastomeric Coating Performance: The Effect Of Coating Thickness On Basal Plate Morphology, Growth And Critical Removal Stress Of The Barnacle Balanus Amphitrite, D. E. Wendt, G. L. Kowalke, J. Kim, I. L. Singer

Biological Sciences

Silicone coatings are currently the most effective non-toxic fouling release surfaces. Understanding the mechanisms that contribute to the performance of silicone coatings is necessary to further improve their design. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of coating thickness on basal plate morphology, growth, and critical removal stress of the barnacle Balanus amphitrite. Barnacles were grown on silicone coatings of three thicknesses (0.2, 0.5 and 2 mm). Atypical (“cupped”) basal plate morphology was observed on all surfaces, although there was no relationship between coating thickness and i) the proportion of individuals with the atypical morphology, or …

Interspecific Variation In Patterns Of Adhesion Of Marine Fouling To Silicone Surfaces, Eric R. Holm, Christopher J. Kavanagh, Anne E. Meyer, Deborah Wiebe, Brian T. Nedved, Dean Wendt, Celia M. Smith, Michael G. Hadfield, Geoff Swain, Christina D. Wood, Kathryn Truby, Judith Stein, Jean Montemarano

Biological Sciences

The adhesion of six fouling organisms: the barnacle Balanus eburneus, the gastropod mollusc Crepidula fornicata, the bivalve molluscs Crassostrea virginica and Ostrea/Dendrostrea spp., and the serpulid tubeworms Hydroides dianthus and H. elegans, to 12 silicone fouling-release surfaces was examined. Removal stress (adhesion strength) varied among the fouling species and among the surfaces. Principal component analysis of the removal stress data revealed that the fouling species fell into two distinct groups, one comprising the bivalve molluscs and tubeworms, and the other the barnacle and the gastropod mollusc. None of the silicone materials generated a minimum in removal stress …

Lassen Volcanic National Park Small Vertebrate Inventory Project: Preliminary Results 2000-2004, John D. Perrine

Biological Sciences

Biologists at Lassen Volcanic National Park in northern California conducted an inventory of non-flying small mammals, amphibians and reptiles from 2000 through 2004. The four primary habitat types in the park (brush, forest, riparian and subalpine) were each sampled at one high elevation and one mid-elevation site in the park. Each of the eight sites was sampled for four six-day periods between June and September each year using a combination of pitfall, Sherman and Tomahawk traps, coverboards and unbaited automatic camera stations. This effort yielded 12,150 captures and 776 photo detections. A total of 649 voucher specimens, representing 19 mammal, …

Osteon Interfacial Strength And Histomorphometry Of Equine Cortical Bone, Robert F. Bigley, Lanny V. Griffin, Lisa Christensen, Ryan Vandenbosch

Biomedical Engineering

The interfacial strength of secondary osteons from the diaphysis of the Thoroughbred equine third metacarpal was evaluated using the fiber pushout test. The pushout was performed on 300–500 mm sections of 4x4x15mm bone blocks machined from four anatomic regions of the cortex. Pushout strength was evaluated from proximal to distal location within the diaphysis on four osteon types classified under polarized light on adjacent histologic sections from each block. The shear strength of the interfaces were estimated from shear lag theory. Differences were found in the interfacial strength of osteons based on appearance under polarized light with bright field having …

The Ball Lightning Conundrum, William D. Stansfield

Biological Sciences

The article focuses on the issue regarding the existence of ball lightning. The phenomenon regarding its existence is a reality accepted by most scientists, but how it is formed and maintained has yet to be fully explained. According to the author the rarity of ball lightning and the ease with which some of its characteristics can be confused with other Unidentified Flying Objects (UFO) that makes it unlikely to be the source of all but a few UFO reports.

The Enigma Of Coral Castle, William D. Stansfield

Biological Sciences

The article discusses the mystery of how Coral Castle near Miami, Florida was built. It is believed that the castle was built by a single man using only simple hand tools. The man who said to built the castle was Latvia-born Edward Leedskalnin. How he supported himself and paid for the land and tools for building a castle is an important part of the mystery.

Dynamic Modeling Of Microclimate And Environmental Control Strategies In A Greenhouse Coupled With A Heat Pump System, Ilhami Yildiz, D. P. Stombaugh

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a dynamic simulation model to be employed in accurate prediction of microclimate in a greenhouse as a function of dynamic environmental factors. The model has options to evaluate the effects of location, time of the year, orientation, single and double polyethylene glazings, conventional and heat pump heating and cooling systems, open and confined greenhouse systems, CO₂ enrichment, variable shading, and the use of night curtains. Conventional gas furnace and evaporative cooling, respectively, provided heating and cooling in the conventional system. In the heat pump systems, gas-fired heat pump units …

Heat Pump Cooling And Greenhouse Microclimates In Open And Confined Greenhouse Systems, Ilhami Yildiz, D. P. Stombaugh

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the performances of conventional and heat pump systems for cooling open and closed loop (confined) greenhouse systems. A dynamic simulation model was developed and validated to predict energy and mass exchanges in a greenhouse as a function of dynamic environmental factors. The model has options to evaluate the effects of location, time of the year, orientation, single and double polyethylene glazings, conventional and heat pump heating and cooling systems, CO₂ enrichment, ventilation, variable shading, and the use of night curtains in open and confined greenhouse environments. Variable shading, ventilation …

Soccer Media Guide 2006, University Of Northern Iowa

Athletics Media Guides

Contents:

--Media Relations --1
--2006 UNI Women's Soccer Roster --2
--2006 Outlook --3
--Coaching Staff --4-5
--Player Biographies --6-16
--2005 Final Stats --18
--2006 MVC Review --19
--Record Book --20-21
--All-Time Results --22
--All-Time Roster --22
--Missouri Valley Conference --23
--2006 Opponents --24-25
--Series Records --25
--University --26
--Administration --27
--Directions to Complex --28
--Media Information --28

University Of Northern Iowa Today, V90n1, Winter 2006, University Of Northern Iowa Alumni Association

UNI Today

Inside This Issue:
-- UNI Football 2005: what a ride!
-- Contents
-- What a ride!
-- Purple Together, Purple for Life
-- Assistive technologies level the field
-- The dorms they are a changin' : UNI meets needs for single rooms
-- Man of science ministers to prisoners
-- Alumnus helps heals wounds of war
-- E-media conference a boon to young professionals
-- UNI + LA = Hollywood Mentor
-- Education for a lifetime
-- Lifelong University just for the fun of it
-- Building strategic partnerships that work for everyone
-- $112 million raised for UNI
-- …

Vibrio Parahaemolyticus Growth Under Low-Iron Conditions And Survival Under High-Magnesium Conditions, Chia-Hsin Ju, P.S. Marie Yeung, Jessica Oesterling, Daniel A. Seigerman, Kathryn J. Boor

Biological Sciences

Since 1996, Vibrio parahaemoiyticus serotype 03:K6 and closely related strains have been associated with an increased incidence of V. parahaemolyticus gastroenteritis worldwide, suggesting the emergence of strains with enhanced abilities to cause disease. One hypothesis for the recent emergence of V. porahaemolyticus 03:K6 and related strains is an enhanced capacity for environmental survival relative to other strains, which might result in increased human exposure to these organisms. Therefore, the objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that survival or growth characteristics of clinical V. parahaemolyticus isolates differ from those of nonclinical isolates under different environmental conditions. Twenty- six …

Office Of The Vice Provost For Research Annual Report - 2006, Office Of The Vice Provost For Research, East Tennessee State University

Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Sun-Drying Corn, Lorna Saboe-Wounded Head, Gabrielle Tiomanipi

SDSU Extension Extra Archives

Native Americans have been drying food for thousands of years. Sun-drying fruits, vegetables, and meat helped families through the harsh winter months. Most of the moisture is removed in sun-drying. The food did not spoil because microorganisms and enzymes which cause spoilage require water to be active. After drying, food was lighter and smaller and could be more easily stored or carried from camp to camp. Today, we still need only minimal equipment and natural energy for sun-drying. Following are instructions for sun-drying corn using traditional Native American methods used by members of the Sisseton Wahpeton Oyate in northeastern South …

Harvesting And Feeding Drought-Stressed Corn, E. Kim Cassel, Lester R. Vough

SDSU Extension Extra Archives

How to best harvest, store and use drought-stressed corn is a problem dairy and livestock producers may encounter at one time or another. The severity of the drought, cultural practices, plant growth, plant maturity and livestock feeding regimes are factors that influence how to harvest, store and feed most effectively the drought-stressed corn. Dairy and livestock producers attempting to salvage usable feed from their drought-stressed fields of corn must not only be wary of poisoning their livestock, but poisoning themselves as well. Accumulation of nitrates in drought-stressed corn can cause nitrate toxicity in animals and ensiled drought-stressed corn can produce …

Economics Of Grazing Or Haying Conservation Reserve Program Land, Matthew Diersen

SDSU Extension Extra Archives

In 2003 the USDA began a policy allowing managed haying and grazing of land under the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP). Harvest times are restricted under the managed program to protect wildlife habitat, and fall harvesting cannot occur until August 2 of each year in South Dakota. The USDA reduces the CRP payment by 25% on any acres harvested under the program.

A Human Rights Approach To Counter-Terrorism, Mark D. Kielsgard

California Western International Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Attachment Disorders In Residential Treatment, John Church

Graduate Research Papers

Various aspects of developmental attachment are explored in this power point presentation. Attachment is defined and differentiated from bonding. The variations of attachment are described as they relate to the work of Mary Ainsworth (1978) and Katharine Leslie (2004). Trauma is also explored as one of the major contributors to attachment disorders. The trauma information is also linked with how the brain develops and ultimately is affected by trauma. Lastly, the symptoms of reactive attachment disorder are discussed and explored as they relate to other diagnoses such as depression and oppositional defiant disorder.

Learning Approach, Thinking Style And Critical Inquiry: The Online Community, Toby H. Klinger

Sabbatical Projects

The study examined if a thematically designed online introductory psychology course set in a cooperative and collaborative learning environment led to deeper learning. Using the revised two-factor Study Process Questionnaire (R-SPQ-2F; Biggs, Kember & Leung, 2001), the study predicted peer and teacher guided asynchronous dialogue would lead to increasing students’ self-perceptions of deeper learning approaches (DA) and higher levels of thinking. Individual thinking style (ITS; Sternberg & Wagner, 1992) was presumed to be an important mediator on both student pre- and post-DA scores. It was also hypothesized that thinking styles would influence student perceptions towards participating in a learning community, …

Monte Carlo Random Walk Simulations Based On Distributed Order Differential Equations With Applications In Cell Biology, Erik Andries, Sabir Umarov, Stanly Steinberg

Mathematics Faculty Publications

In this paper the multi-dimensional random walk models governed by distributed fractional order differential equations and multi-term fractional order differential equations are constructed. The scaling limits of these random walks to a diffusion process in the sense of distributions is proved. Simulations based upon multi-term fractional order differential equations are performed.

The Example Of Barbara Johnson, Pamela Caughie

English: Faculty Publications and Other Works

No abstract provided.

Revegetation Of Reconstructed Reaches Of The Provo River, Heber Valley, Utah, John A. Rice

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

Prior to the 1950s, the middle Provo River in Utah offered outstanding fish and wildlife habitat. This was due in part to the Provo River freely meandering through the Heber Valley. These bends in the river provided deep holes for fish and a dense streamside forest for many species of birds. This productive habitat was altered in the 1940s and 1950s when the river was dammed, channelized, and forced between dikes (figure 1). These dikes were constructed by the USDI Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) to contain high flows that came from additional water added to the Provo River from transbasin …

Integrated Restoration Strategies Towards Weed Control On Western Rangelands, U.S. Forest Service

Wildlife Conservation and Management

An attempt to find native plant materials competitive with cheatgrass to help break the cheatgrass-fire cycle and begin the transition from exotic annual-dominated vegetation to native perennial dominated vegetation.

Five Good Reasons For Engineering As The Focus For Technology Education, Robert C. Wicklein

Publications

The article presents information on a paper which discusses why engineering design should be the focus for technology education. Technology education is still viewed as a non-essential instructional program and this is because school administrators and counselors have inadequate understanding of it. Even general populace have inadequate understanding concerning technology education. The pervasiveness of technology literally affects every living creature in our society. Therefore, it is of critical importance that the educational system includes and supports the study of technology in the general curricula. The deficiency within the technology education profession to formulate a clear and defined target for the …

Shifting Support For Inequitable Gender Norms Among Young Indian Men To Reduce Hiv Risk And Partner Violence, Ravi K. Verma, Vaishali Sharma Mahendra, Julie Pulerwitz, Sujata Khandekar, Gary Barker, P. Fulpagare, S.K. Singh

HIV and AIDS

India accounts for the second largest population of people living with HIV/AIDS (5.1 million), and almost half of new infections occur in young men below age 30. While there are multiple factors influencing young men’s HIV risk in India, one that is receiving increasing attention is early socialization about masculinity. Young men in India mature and develop in a male-dominated context, having little contact with female peers and virtually no sex education. In this context, most boys develop a sense of masculinity characterized by male dominance in the sexual arena and other areas. Although there is increasing awareness of the …

Conservation Medicine On The Galápagos Islands: Partnerships Among Behavioral, Population, And Veterinary Scientists, Patricia Parker, Noah Whiteman, R. Miller

Biology Department Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Genetic Influences On Free And Cued Recall In Long-Term Memory Tasks, Heather E. Volk, Kathleen B. Mcdermott, Henry L. Roediger Iii, Richard D. Todd

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Apoptosis Is Initiated In Human Keratinocytes Exposed To Signalling Factors From Microbeam Irradiated Cells, Fiona Lyng, Paula Maguire, A. Kilmurray, Carmel Mothersill, C. Shao, M. Folkard, K. Prise

Articles

Purpose: There is now no doubt that bystander signalling from irradiated cells occurs and causes a variety of responses in cells not targeted by the ionising track. However, the mechanisms underlying these processes are unknown and the relevance to radiotherapy and risk assessment remains controversial. Previous research by our laboratory has shown bystander effects in a human keratinocyte cell line, HPV-G cells, exposed to medium from irradiated HPV-G cells. The aim of this work was to investigate if similar mechanisms to those identified in medium transfer experiments occurred in these HPV-G cells when they are in the vicinity of microbeam …