Digital Commons Network^™

A Fractal Analysis Of Binding And Dissociation Kinetics For Analytes Related To Various Human Diseases On Biosensor Surfaces, Atul M. Doke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

An Investigation Of The Chemistry And Antimalarial Activity Of The Marine Soft Coral Asterospicularia Randalli, S. Duane Burt

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Fe Vibrational Spectroscopy Of Myoglobin And Cytochrome F, K. L. Adams, S. Tsoi, J. S. Yan, S. M. Durbin, A. K. Ramdas, W. A. Cramer, W. Sturhahn, E. E. Alp, C. Schulz

Department of Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

The Fe vibrational density of states (VDOS) has been determined for the heme proteins deoxymyoglobin, metmyoglobin, and cytochrome f in the oxidized and reduced states, using nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy (NRVS). For cytochrome f in particular, the NRVS spectrum is compared with multiwavelength resonance Raman spectra to identify those Raman modes with significant Fe displacement. Modes not seen by Raman due to optical selection rules appear in the NRVS spectrum. The mean Fe force constant extracted from the VDOS illustrates how Fe dynamics varies among these four monoheme proteins, and is correlated with oxidation and spin state trends seen in …

A Numerical Model For Condensate Drops And Bridges Retained On The Air-Side Surface Of Heat Exchangers, Yanping Xia, Andrew W. Sommers, Anthony M. Jacobi

International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference

No abstract provided.

Detection Of Bacillus Subtilis Spores Using Peptide-Functionalized Cantilever Arrays, B. Dhayal, W. A. Henne, D. D. Doorneweerd, R. G. Reifenberger, P. S. Low

Department of Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

We move beyond anti body-antigen binding systems and demonstrate that short peptide ligands can be used to efficiently capture Bacillus subtilis (a simulant of Bacillus anthracis) spores in liquids. On an eight-cantilever array chip, four cantilevers were coated with binding peptide (NHFLPKV-GGGC) and the other four were coated with control peptide (LFNKHVP-GGGC) for reagentless detection of whole B. subtilis spores in liquids. The peptide-ligand-functionalized microcantilever chip was mounted onto a fluid cell filled with a B. subtilis spore suspension for similar to 40 min; a 40 nm net differential deflection was observed. Fifth-mode resonant frequency measurements were also performed before …

Distinguishing Chaos From Noise By Scale-Dependent Lyapunov Exponent, J. B. Gao, J. Hu, W. W. Tung, Y. H. Cao

Department of Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

Time series from complex systems with interacting nonlinear and stochastic subsystems and hierarchical regulations are often multiscaled. In devising measures characterizing such complex time series, it is most desirable to incorporate explicitly the concept of scale in the measures. While excellent scale-dependent measures such as epsilon entropy and the finite size Lyapunov exponent (FSLE) have been proposed, simple algorithms have not been developed to reliably compute them from short noisy time series. To promote widespread application of these concepts, we propose an efficient algorithm to compute a variant of the FSLE, the scale-dependent Lyapunov exponent (SDLE). We show that with …

High-Speed Interferometric Detection Of Label-Free Immunoassays On The Biological Compact Disc, M. Zhao, D. Nolte, W. R. Cho, F. Regnier, M. Varma, G. Lawrence, J. Pasqua

Department of Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

Background: We describe a direct-detection immunoassay that uses high-speed optical interferometry on a biological compact disc (BioCD). Methods: We fabricated phase-contrast BioCDs from 100-mm diameter 1.1-mm thick borosilicate glass disks coated with a 10-layer dielectric stack of Ta2O5/SiO2 that serves as a mirror with a center wavelength at 635 nm. The final layer is a lambda/4 layer of SiO2 onto which protein patterns are immobilized through several different chemical approaches. Protein on the disc is scanned by a focused laser spot as the disc spins. Interaction of the light with the protein provides both a phase-modulated signal and a local …

Hydration-Induced Far-Infrared Absorption Increase In Myoglobin, C. F. Zhang, S. M. Durbin

Department of Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

The interaction of proteins with an aqueous environment leads to a thin region of "biological water", the molecules of which have properties that differ from those of bulk water, in particular, reduced absorption of far-infrared radiation caused by protein-induced hindrance of the water rotational and vibrational degrees of freedom. New results at terahertz (THz) frequencies, however, show that absorption per protein molecule is increased by the presence of biological water. Absorption measurements were made of the heme protein myoglobin mixed with water from 3.6 to 98 wt % in the frequency range of 0.1-1.2 THz, using THz time-domain spectroscopy. Analysis …

Tc-99m-Labeled Cyclic Rgdfk Dimer: Initial Evaluation For Spect Imaging Of Glioma Integrin Alpha(V)Beta(3) Expression, B. Jia, J. Y. Shi, Z. Yang, B. Xu, Z. F. Liu, H. Y. Zhao, S. Liu, F. Wang

Department of Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

This report describes the evaluation of biodistribution properties of three radiotracers, [Tc-99m(SQ168)(EDDA)], [Tc-99m(SQ168)(tricine)(PDA)], and [Tc-99m(SQ168)(tricine)(TPPTS)] (SQ168 = [2-[[[5-[carboonyl]-2-pyridinyl]-hydrazono] methyl]benzenesulfonic acid]-Glu(cyclo{Lys-Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe})-cyclo{Lys-Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe}; EDDA = ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic acid; PDA = 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid; TPPTS = trisodium triphenylphosphine-3,3', 3"-trisulfonate), and their potential to image the glioma integrin alpha(v)beta(3) expression in BALB/c nude mice bearing the U87MG human glioma xenografts. It was found that all three radiotracers were able to localize in glioma tumors with a relatively high tumor uptake and long tumor retention time by binding to the integrin alpha(v)beta(3) expressed on both tumor cells and endothelial cells of tumor neovasculature. It seems that the coligand …

Design Of Near-Optimal Waveforms For Chest And Abdominal Compression And Decompression In Cpr Using Computer-Simulated Evolution, Charles F. Babbs

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Objective: To discover design principles underlying the optimal waveforms for external chest and abdominal compression and decompression during cardiac arrest and CPR. Method: A 14-compartment mathematical model of the human cardiopulmonary system is used to test successive generations of randomly mutated external compression waveforms during cardiac arrest and resuscitation. Mutated waveforms that produced superior mean perfusion pressure became parents for the next generation. Selection was based upon either systemic perfusion pressure (SPP=thoracic aortic minus right atrial pressure) or upon coronary perfusion pressure (CPP=thoracic aortic pressure minus myocardial wall pressure). After simulations of 64,414 individual CPR episodes, 40 highly evolved waveforms …

A New Biomechanical Head Injury Criterion, Charles F. Babbs

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

This paper presents a new analysis of the physics of closed head injury caused by intense acceleration of the head. At rest a 1 cm gap filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) separates the human brain from the skull. During impact whole head acceleration induces artificial gravity within the skull. Because its density differs slightly from that of CSF, the brain accelerates, strikes the inner aspect of the rigid skull, and undergoes viscoelastic deformation. Analytical methods for a lumped parameter model of the brain predict internal brain motions that correlate well with published high-speed photographic studies. The same methods predict a …

Experimental And Numerical Investigation Of Melting In A Cylinder, B Jones, D Sun, S Krishnan, S V. Garimella

CTRC Research Publications

Well-controlled and well-characterized experimental measurements are obtained during the melting of a moderate-Prandtl-number material (n-eicosane) in a cylindrical enclosure heated from the side. The study aims to provide benchmark experimental measurements for validation of numerical codes. Experimental results in terms of measured temperatures and melt front locations are reported in both graphical and tabular forms. The melt front was captured photographically and its location ascertained using digital image processing techniques. To facilitate numerical validation exercises, a complete set of experimental results have been made available on a website for public access. An illustrative numerical comparison exercise was also undertaken using …

Sound Quality Evaluation Of Hermetic Compressors Using Artificial Neural Networks, Claudio De Pellegrini, Edmar Baars

International Compressor Engineering Conference

No abstract provided.

Scroll Plate Optimization Based On Ga-Pso, Bin Peng, Jun Wang, Zhenquan Liu

International Compressor Engineering Conference

No abstract provided.

Emd: An Ensemble Algorithm For Discovering Regulatory Motifs In Dna Sequences, Jianjun Hu, Yifeng D. Yang, Daisuke Kihara

Department of Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Background

Understanding gene regulatory networks has become one of the central research problems in bioinformatics. More than thirty algorithms have been proposed to identify DNA regulatory sites during the past thirty years. However, the prediction accuracy of these algorithms is still quite low. Ensemble algorithms have emerged as an effective strategy in bioinformatics for improving the prediction accuracy by exploiting the synergetic prediction capability of multiple algorithms.

Results

We proposed a novel clustering-based ensemble algorithm named EMD for de novo motif discovery by combining multiple predictions from multiple runs of one or more base component algorithms. The ensemble approach is …

An Experimental Study Of The Air-Side Particulate Fouling In Fin-And-Tube Heat Exchangers Of Air Conditioners, Youngchull Ahn, Seongir Cheong, Youngman Jung, Jaekeun Lee

International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference

No abstract provided.

Application Of Spectral Analysis To Dna Sequences, Lan Zhao

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

2006 Rosabeth Moss Kanter Award For Excellence In Work-Family Research Publication, Center For Families, Center For Work And Families

Center for Families Publications

No abstract provided.

Innate Antiviral Response Targets Hiv-1 Release By The Induction Of Ubiquitin-Like Protein Isg15, Atsushi Okumura, Gengshi Lu, Ian Pitha-Rowe, Paula M. Pitha

Dartmouth Scholarship

The goal of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which type I IFN inhibits assembly and release of HIV-1 virions. Our study revealed that the IFN-induced ubiquitin-like protein ISG15 mimics the IFN effect and inhibits release of HIV-1 virions without having any effect on the synthesis of HIV-1 proteins in the cells. ISG15 expression specifically inhibited ubiquitination of Gag and Tsg101 and disrupted the interaction of the Gag L domain with Tsg101, but conjugation of ISG15 to Gag or Tsg101 was not detected. The inhibition of Gag-Tsg101 interaction was also detected in HIV-1 infected, IFN-treated cells. Elimination …

Structure And Sequence Conservation Of A Putative Hypoxia Responsive Element In The Lactate Dehydrogenase-B Gene Of Fundulus, Bernard B. Rees, John A.L. Bowman, P M. Schulte

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Long-Term Hypoxia On Enzymes Of Carbohydrate Metabolism In The Gulf Killifish, Fundulus Grandis, M L. Manning, C A. Landry, R D. Boehm, S Manning, A O. Cheek, Bernard B. Rees

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The goal of the current study was to generate a comprehensive, multi-tissue perspective of the effects of chronic hypoxic exposure on carbohydrate metabolism in the Gulf killifish Fundulus grandis. Fish were held at approximately 1.3·mg·l–1 dissolved oxygen (~3.6·kPa) for 4·weeks, after which maximal activities were measured for all glycolytic enzymes in four tissues (white skeletal muscle, liver, heart and brain), as well as for enzymes of glycogen metabolism (in muscle and liver) and gluconeogenesis (in liver). The specific activities of enzymes of glycolysis and glycogen metabolism were strongly suppressed by hypoxia in white skeletal muscle, which may reflect decreased energy …

Perspectives On Reproduction And Life History In Baboons, Larissa Swedell, Steven R. Leigh

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Genetic Discrimination, Torben Spaak

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

Determination Of Diphacinone Residues In Hawaiian Invertebrates, Thomas M. Primus, Dennis J. Kohler, John J. Johnston

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

A reversed-phase ion-pair liquid chromatogaphic analysis combined with a solid-phase extraction clean-up method is used to assess the quantity of diphacinone residue found in invertebrates. Three invertebrate species are exposed to commercially available diphacinone-fortified bait used for rat control. The invertebrate samples are collected, frozen, and shipped to the laboratory. The samples are homogenized after cryogenic freezing. A portion of the homogenized samples are extracted with acidified chloroform-acetone, followed by cleanup with a silica solid-phase extraction column. Diphacinone is detected by UV absorption at 325 nm after separation by the chromatographic system. The method limit of detection (MLOD) for snail …

Modeling Blackbird Abundance In The Prairie Pothole Region Using A Hierarchical Spatial Model, Greg M. Forcey, George M. Linz, Wayne E. Thogmartin, William J. Bleier

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Blackbirds are ubiquitous members of the avian fauna in the Prairie Pothole Region. However, their abundance combined with their food habits make blackbirds significant agricultural pests on sunflower. Cost estimates for blackbird damage to sunflower in the northern Great Plains range from 4-11 million U.S. dollars per year. Because of their economic impact on agriculture, it is imperative to understand the environmental factors that influence blackbird abundance patterns. This study attempts to quantify the effects of landscape-level land use and climate patterns on blackbird abundance in the Prairie Pothole Region of the United States.

A Feeling For The Micro-Organism: Structure On A Small Scale. Biofilms On Plant Roots, Nancy Fujishige

Biology Faculty Works

Biofilms are structured communities of bacterial cells enclosed in a self-produced polymeric matrix and adherent to an inert or living surface; they have clinical, industrial and environmental impacts. Biofilms that are established by bacteria on plants are found on the surfaces of roots, leaves, seeds and internal vascular tissues where the microbes live in commensal, mutualistic or parasitic/pathogenic associations with their host. The study of the structure of plant-associated biofilms has been considerably helped by the development of techniques using fluorescent markers coupled with confocal scanning laser microscopy as well as scanning electron microscopy. We review several of these techniques …

Deletion Analysis Of Fum Genes Involved In Tricarballylic Ester Formation During Fumonisin Biosynthesis, Robert A. E. Butchko, Ronald D. Plattner, Robert H. Proctor

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Fumonisins are carcinogenic mycotoxins produced by the maize ear rot pathogen Gibberella moniliformis (anamorph Fusarium verticillioides). These toxins consist of a linear polyketide-derived backbone substituted at various positions with an amine, one to four hydroxyl, two methyl, and two tricarballylic ester functions. In this study, we generated and characterized deletion mutants of G. moniliformis for five genes, FUM7, FUM10, FUM11, FUM14, and FUM16 in the fumonisin biosynthetic gene cluster. Functional analysis of mutants in four genes, predicted to encode unrelated proteins, affected formation of the tricarballylic esters. FUM7 deletion mutants produced a previously undescribed homologue of fumonisin B …

Fusarium Genomic Resources: Tools To Limit Crop Diseases And Mycotoxin Contamination, Daren W. Brown, Robert A. E. Butchko, Robert H. Proctor

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

It has been almost 10 years since Joan Bennett suggested that fungal biologists create a ‘‘wish list’’ for fungal genome sequences (Bennett JW. White paper: Genomics for filamentous fungi. Fungal Genet Biol 1997; 21: 3–7). The availability of over 200 review papers concerning fungal genomics is a reflection of significant progress with a diversity of fungal species. Although much progress has been made, the use of genomic data to study mycotoxin synthesis and function, pathogenesis and other aspects of fungal biology is in its infancy. Here, we briefly present the status of publicly available genomic resources for Fusarium, a …

Dispersal Of Adult Diatraea Grandiosella (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) And Its Implications For Corn Borer Resistance Management In Bacillus Thuringiensis Maize, Jawwad A. Qureshi, Lawrent L. Buschman, James E. Throne, Sonny B. Ramaswamy

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Dispersal of the southwestern corn borer, Diatraea grandiosella Dyar, was examined by release and recapture of dye-marked adults and by capture of feral adults in and around 50-ha center pivot irrigated fields of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize. Pheromone and blacklight traps were used to capture the adults. In 1999, 2000, and 2001, a total of 177, 602, and 1,292 marked males, and 87, 231, and 1,045 marked females were released in four irrigated Bt maize fields, respectively. Recapture beyond release point was 2.13, 6.17, 3.16, and 17.91% for males and 0, 0, 2.23, and 4.18% for females in the four …

Stormwater Best Management Practices Assessment For The City Of Lincoln, Nebraska, Tony Dean Krause, John S. Stansbury, Bruce I. Dvorak, David M. Admiraal

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Faculty Publications

The objective of this research was to assess BMP performance and implementation in Lincoln, Nebraska. In order to accomplish this objective, four tasks were established: sampling of stormwater runoff at eight sites located upstream of Holmes Lake, inspecting BMPs at construction sites in Lincoln, sampling and analysis of soil phosphorus levels in the Holmes Lake watershed, and conducting discussions with professionals involved with stormwater management in Lincoln. Based on the information collected during these tasks, several recommendations regarding the BMP assessment process are made including: recommendations for sampling site selection, an inexpensive flow monitoring method, and a rapid construction site …