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The Effect Of Cold-Acclimation On The Water Relations And Freezing Tolerance Of Hordeum Vulgare L, S Burchett, S Niven, Mp Fuller

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

During a 5 degree C and a 5/-1 degree C cold acclimation (CA) regime there was a significant decline in the water potential of winter barley, and a concurrent decline in tissue water content of the 5/-1 degree C CA plants. Results of carbohydrate analysis illustrated a significant (P < 0.001) accumulation of sucrose, fructose and glucose in the 5/-1 degree C CA plants, which was inversely correlated to water potential. Using an infrared imaging radiometer during a convection frost test the water release time (WRT) of 5/-1 degree C CA was demonstrated to be significantly (P < 0.001) longer than that observed in non-cold acclimated plants. This observation is consistent with visual analysis of exotherm curves where the rate of cellular water release to extracellular ice is reduced in the 5/-1 degree C CA plants, compared to the non-cold acclimated plants. These biochemical and physiological changes were correlated to increased plant health following a non-lethal freezing test to -5 degree C, where non-cold acclimated plants produced 2.3 +/- 0.3 tillers and 5 degree C and 5/-1 degree C CA plants produced 2.4 +/- 0.3 and 4.7 +/- 0.7 tillers, respectively. Results from this study imply that cold acclimation leads to changes in the physical state of water that result in a less osmotically responsive cellular environment and subsequently significantly less damage to meristematic tissue.

Vibration Testing Of Repaired Lead-Tin/Lead-Free Solder Joints, Matthew O'Keefe, S. Vetter, D. Murry, J. Smith, P. Amick, Martin G. Perez, D. W. Kleine, Richard S. Colfax

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Structure Of Late Variscan Millevaches Leucogranite Massif In The French Massif Central: Ams And Gravity Modelling Results, A Gébelin, G Martelet, Y Chen, M Brunel, M Faure

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

In the Limousin area, Variscan leucogranitic plutons are spatially associated with normal faults and major strike-slip shear zones that are a continuation of the South Armorican shear zone. Our study focuses on the large N-S-trending Millevaches granitic massif (Massif Central, France), and intends to highlight, through gravity modelling, structural and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS), the massif structure at depth and to discuss the mode of emplacement of granites within a strike-slip tectonic context. The mica subfabric suggests that the magnetic foliations display a general NW-SE sub-horizontal pattern on both sides of the N-S Pradines dextral wrench fault zone that …

Direct Microstructure Deposition By Micromirror Direct Patterning And Laser Sintering Of Nanoparticles, Weiya Fang

Masters Theses

"The emerging demand for low cost, medium volume production and flexible micro-fabrication techniques has been advanced by the development of MEMS and limitations of the existing technique. As a promising building block for future MEMS and IC industry, nanoparticles are attracting more and more attention due to their interesting electronic, catalytic and optical properties, which can be finely tuned by varying their size. A novel process for the manufacturing of functional microstructures by modulated laser direct patterning and curing of nanoparticles is presented.

The first part of the thesis aims to understand the possibility and process of using modulated laser …

The Need For Mead: Rejecting Tax Exceptionalism In Judicial Deference, Kristin Hickman

Articles

This Article takes the controversial position that Treasury regulations are entitled to judicial deference under the Chevron doctrine, as clarified by the Supreme Court in the more recent Mead case, whether those regulations are promulgated pursuant to specific authority delegated in a substantive provision of the Internal Revenue Code or in the exercise of general authority granted in Code Section 7805(a). The Article attributes the unwillingness to concede Chevron's applicability to tax exceptionalism, the erroneous perception of many scholars that tax is different from other areas of the law, which in the context of this Article translates into the idea …

Domestic Violence Matters: The Case For Appointed Counsel In Protective Order Proceedings, Beverly Balos

Articles

A conventional reading of United States Supreme Court rulings on the right to counsel in civil cases would conclude that petitioners in protective order proceedings would have no right to appointed counsel. This article challenges this view and shows how Supreme Court jurisprudence, in fact, supports the conclusion that due process requires victims of domestic violence to have the benefit of appointed counsel.

The Absolute Prohibition Of Torture And Ill-Treatment, David Weissbrodt

Articles

The President, the Secretary of State, and other U.S. government officials have repeatedly assured the world that the United States does not engage in "torture." Whenever they try to issue such statements, the critical listener must ask such questions as "What do they mean by torture?" Have they so narrowly defined "torture" as to ask the listener to overlook the mounting evidence of extremely brutal treatment which U.S. personnel have perpetrated against detainees in Afghanistan, Guantanamo, Iraq, and other secret detention facilities? Many detainees held by the U.S. have been subjected to illtreatment that would, under international definitions and jurisprudence, …

Police Interrogation Of Juveniles: An Empirical Study Of Policy And Practice, Barry C. Feld

Articles

The Supreme Court does not require any special procedural safeguards when police interrogate youths and use the adult standard--“knowing, intelligent, and voluntary under the totality of the circumstances”--to gauge the validity of juveniles' waivers of Miranda rights. Developmental psychologists have studied adolescents' capacity to exercise Miranda rights, questioned whether juveniles possess the cognitive ability and adjudicative competence necessary to exercise legal rights, and contended that immaturity and vulnerability make juveniles uniquely susceptible to police interrogation tactics. In the four decades since the Court decided Miranda, we have almost no empirical research about what actually occurs when police interview criminal suspects, …

Institutional Review Boards, Regulatory Incentives, And Some Modest Proposals For Reform, Dale Carpenter

Articles

It is time to rethink the role of Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) in approving social science research. While most law professors conduct their research in an almost unregulated environment - pouring through cases, statutes, and each other's articles, all without the kind of human interaction subject to IRB regulation - their colleagues elsewhere in the university have been coping for decades with an increasingly intrusive bureaucracy that sometimes undermines basic academic values. Three things seem very clear. First, there are a lot of IRBs - at least 4,000 - and their numbers are growing. Second, they have recently "increased their …

Purposes And Functions Of Sentencing, Michael Tonry

Articles

No abstract provided.

Choice, Equal Protection, And Metropolitan Integration: The Hope Of The Minneapolis Desegregation Settlement, Myron Orfield

Articles

No abstract provided.

Neural Network Approach For Obstacle Avoidance In 3-D Environments For Uavs, Vivek Yadav, Xiaohua Wang, S. N. Balakrishnan

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper a controller design is proposed to get obstacle free trajectories in a three dimensional urban environment for unmanned air vehicles (UAVs). The controller has a two-layer architecture. In the upper layer, vision-inspired Grossberg neural network is proposed to get the shortest distance paths. In the bottom layer, a model predictive control (MPC) based controller is used to obtain dynamically feasible trajectories. Simulation results are presented for to demonstrate the potential of the approach.

Statistically Steady Measurements Of Rayleigh-Taylor Mixing In A Gas Channel, Malcolm J. Andrews, Arindam Banerjee

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A novel gas channel experiment is described to study the development of high Atwood number Rayleigh-Taylor mixing. Two gas streams, one containing air and the other containing a helium-air mixture, flow parallel to each other separated by a thin splitter plate. The streams meet at the end of a splitter plate leading to the formation of an unstable interface and of buoyancy driven mixing. This buoyancy driven mixing experiment allows for long data collection times, has short transients, and is statistically steady. The facility was designed to be capable of large Atwood number studies (At~0.75). We describe initial validation work …

Neuroadaptive Model Following Controller Design For A Nonaffine Uav Model, Nishant Unnikrishnan, S. N. Balakrishnan

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper proposes a new model-following adaptive control design technique for nonlinear systems that are nonaffine in control. The adaptive controller uses online neural networks that guarantee tracking in the presence of unmodeled dynamics and/or parameter uncertainties present in the system model through an online control adaptation procedure. The controller design is carried out in two steps: (i) synthesis of a set of neural networks which capture the unmodeled (neglected) dynamics or model uncertainties due to parametric variations and (ii) synthesis of a controller that drives the state of the actual plant to that of a reference model. This method …