Digital Commons Network^™

Equality With A Vengeance – Women Conscientious Objectors In Pursuit Of A "Voice" And Substantive Gender Equality, Noya Rimalt

Studio for Law and Culture

This article examines the story of female draft resistors in Israel. The story serves as a case study that can provide important insights into the inherent constraints of contemporary legal discourse in promoting substantive gender equality and into the relationship between specific legal arrangements and the invisibility of women in the public sphere. This case study also sheds a more complex light on the nature of separate legal arrangements for women, and raises important questions about the appropriate feminist agenda for social and legal change.

Paradoxes Of Constitutional Democracy, Kevin Olson

Studio for Law and Culture

Drawing on the work of Frank Michelman and Jürgen Habermas, I outline two interconnected paradoxes of constitutional democracy. The paradox of the founding prevents a purely democratic constitution from being founded, because the procedures needed to secure its legitimacy cannot be spontaneously self-generated. It displays an infinite regression of procedures presupposing procedures. The paradox of dynamic indeterminacy heads off any attempt to resolve this problem through constitutional amendment. It shows that a developing constitution needs some standard to guide it towards legitimacy. Without such a standard, constitutional reform will be aimlessly indeterminate. After rejecting proposed solutions to these paradoxes based …

Strategic Business Plan, 2007-2009, Ice Age Floods Institute

Ice Age Floods Institute Records

This strategic business plan provides an outline to coordinate the activities of the Ice Age Floods Institute (IAFI) and its chapters in their mission to be "the recognized advocate, educator and marketer of the Ice Age Floods experience as a significant international natural and cultural heritage phenomenon."

The primary sections of the plan are: Organization Profile; Membership Services Strategy; Advocacy, Learning and Marketing Communications Strategy; Organization Leadership, Administration and Financial Strategy.

Missoula Smokejumper Base Annual Report, 2006, Missoula Smokejumpers

Missoula Smokejumper Base Annual Reports

The Missoula Smokejumpers Base annual reports contain a summary of activities during the year related to practice and fire jumps.

Construction Defect Litigation: Courts' Fragmented Rationales Regarding Coverage For Contractor's Faulty Workmanship, Lisa C. Friedlander

Suffolk Journal of Trial and Appellate Advocacy

No abstract provided.

Spotlight On Inclusion: What Research And Practice Is Telling The Field, Emily C. Bouck Ph.D.

Electronic Journal for Inclusive Education

Inclusive education needs continued exploration, as current research is ambiguous. This paper presents data across three related studies regarding inclusive education for secondary students with high incidence disabilities. One study represents a survey of curriculum and instructional environments for secondary students with mild mental impairment and learning disabilities, another presents data that explored interactions across inclusive and pull-out educational settings between students with mild mental impairment and their peers and adults, and the final study explored education in pull-out educational settings for students with cross-categorical disabilities. Overall the studies revealed that inclusive education is not a clear solution and must …

Toronto's Korean Canadian Community: 1948-2005, Cam Cobb

Electronic Journal for Inclusive Education

Ethnicity, the influence of stereotyping – whether it is overt or not - and personal identity intersect on a daily basis. But what is ethnicity? One could argue that it is a flexible idea, or as Weber (1968) notes, a matter of “subjective belief” (p. 389). According to Troper and Weinfeld (1987) “the definition of an ethnic group involves a sense of shared history, real or imagined (p. 106).” I include these two definitions of ethnicity because they both acknowledge the subjective nature of ethnic identity. Reflecting on subjectivity, however, raises questions concerning the interplay between ethnicity and stereotyping. To …

Assessment Of The Technology Of Genetic Modification In Light Of Its Socio-Economic Implications, Valentina Lootens

Masters Culminating Experiences (1993-2011)

Since Watson and Crick discovered the “double helix” in 1953, the arguments about the benefits and danger of genetic modification remain largely unanswered, particularly in the relation to food supply. Today, genetic modification or genetic engineering are global issues. Governments, scientific organizations, corporations, research institutions, and scholars hotly dispute the advantages and disadvantages of GM technology. However, unfortunately, the population at large is left in darkness about this new technology and its consequences for human health, environment and society. Moreover, genetic engineering creates a special problem: unlike many new technologies it is irreversible. Once introduced into the food chain, GM …

Driving Deep Semantics In Middleware And Networks: What, Why And How?, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

No abstract provided.

Knowledge Modeling And Its Application In Life Sciences: A Tale Of Two Ontologies, Satya S. Sahoo, Christopher Thomas, Amit P. Sheth, William S. York, Samir Tartir

Kno.e.sis Publications

High throughput glycoproteomics, similar to genomics and proteomics, involves extremely large volumes of distributed, heterogeneous data as a basis for identification and quantification of a structurally diverse collection of biomolecules. The ability to share, compare, query for and most critically correlate datasets using the native biological relationships are some of the challenges being faced by glycobiology researchers. As a solution for these challenges, we are building a semantic structure, using a suite of ontologies, which supports management of data and information at each step of the experimental lifecycle. This framework will enable researchers to leverage the large scale of glycoproteomics …

Show Me What You Mean! Exploiting Domain Semantics In Ontology Visualization, Ravi Pavagada, Christopher Thomas, Amit P. Sheth, William S. York

Kno.e.sis Publications

Ontologies build the backbone for many life-sciences applications. These ontologies, however, are represented in XML based languages that are meant for machine-consumption and hence are difficult for humans to comprehend. For a meaningful visualization of these ontologies, it is important that the display of entities and relationships captures the cognitive representation of the domain as perceived by the domain experts. In this paper we present OntoVista, an ontology visualization tool that is adaptable to the needs of different domains, especially in the life sciences. While keeping the graph structures as the predominant model, we provide a semantically enhanced graph display …

Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands For On-Site Wastewater Treatment, Boyd C. Hoddinott

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (SSFCWs) are being used worldwide to treat wastewater from a variety of sources. An extensive literature review was conducted to update the current state of scientific knowledge on the performance of SSFCWs for domestic wastewater treatment. This review documented good treatment efficiency for the five commonly measured parameters (TSS, BOD, nitrogen, phosphorus, and fecal coliforms).

An attempt at a Meta analysis turned up a myriad of problems preventing a proper statistical review. These include lack of adherence to standard methods for effluent analysis, varying metrics for reporting treatment efficiency, variability in the nitrogen species which …

Lingnan University Annual Report : 2005-2006 = 嶺南大學年報 : 2005-2006, Lingnan University

Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Annual Report On Research Activities 2005-2006, Lingnan University (Hong Kong, China)

Annual Report on Research Activities to Research Grants Council

No abstract provided.

Inaugural Catalogue : Lam Tung-Pang's Work, Tung Pang Lam

Artists-in-Residence Programme : Exhibition Catalogues

The First Artist-in-Residence 首位駐校藝術家

Framing Effects And Regulatory Choice, Jonathan R. Nash

Faculty Articles

This Article proceeds as follows. First, in Part I, I describe the contributions of behavioral law and economics literature, and then focus on the notion of framing effects. In Part II, I provide an overview of the regulatory tools generally available to environmental regulators. In Part III, I elucidate the "right to pollute" and "commodification" critiques as applied to environmental regulation. In Part IV, I analyze the economically proper scope of the "right to pollute" and "commodification" critiques with respect to environmental regulatory instruments. In Part V, I first describe the differing frames of various environmental regulatory tools. I then …

Beyond Abstraction: The Law And Economics Of Copyright Scope And Doctrinal Efficiency, Matthew Sag

Faculty Articles

Uncertainty as to the optimum extent of protection generally limits the capacity of law and economics to translate economic theory into coherent doctrinal recommendations in the realm of copyright. This Article explores the relationship between copyright scope, doctrinal efficiency, and welfare from a theoretical perspective to develop a framework for evaluating specific doctrinal recommendations in copyright law.

The usefulness of applying this framework in either rejecting or improving doctrinal recommendations is illustrated with reference to the predominant law and economics theories of fair use. The metric-driven analysis adopted in this Article demonstrates the general robustness of the market-failure approach to …

The Subtlety Of Political Risk With Foreign Direct Investment: The Case Of The Vietnamese Sugar Industry, Tom Arnold, Bonnie Buchanan, Janice Lo

Finance Faculty Publications

Political risk entails more than a host country taking advantage of investment from foreign sources. A more subtle form of political risk is attributable to the host government's mismanagement of policies that may be intended to attract foreign direct investment, but may have unintended consequences. A perfect example is the ''One Million Tonne Sugar Program " sponsored by the government of Vietnam during the mid-1990s. What appears to be a very lucrative investment for foreign investors becomes a financial disaster due to the inability of the government to allocate resources efficiently and police its borders from smugglers.

The Rationality Of Law Students' Career Choices, Aaron Haas

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

Two of the major problems confronting the legal profession today are increasing rates of job dissatisfaction and the persistent problem of encouraging lawyers to work in public interest settings. These two problems are actually connected in an important way. Researchers have found that lawyers earning the highest salaries, typically in large law firms, are also the most dissatisfied with their profession, while lawyers working for government agencies, public interest organizations, and educational institutions are among the most satisfied. In other words, encouraging more law students to enter public service law could address both the problem of unhappiness in the profession …

Who's Afraid Of Promissory Estoppel: Charitable Giving In Virginia And The Enforceability Of Promised Gifts, Charlotte Dauphin

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

In May of 2005, the Virginia Museum of Fine Art ("VMFA") announced that collectors James W. and Frances G. McGlothlin intend to bequeath their collection of American realist art. The bequest is valued at $100 million, and includes 33 American paintings, drawings and watercolors as well as a new wing for the museum. However, what happens if the McGlothlins change their mind? Is there any way for the VMFA, or any museum in Virginia, to improve the enforceability of charitable pledges of works of art?

Spaces And Places: A Systems Theory Approach To Regulatory Competition In European Company Law, Peer Zumbansen

Articles & Book Chapters

This article takes issue with the longstanding oppositional themes of harmonisation versus regulatory competition in European company law. Instead of embracing one approach over the other in exclusivity, the article draws attention to the persisting mixture of approaches to an emerging European-wide law regulating the business corporation. Against the background of an ongoing struggle over identifying the goals and taboos of the European legislator’s mandate in regulating the company, the argument put forward here is that this very struggle is reflective of the nature of the evolution of company law in an ‘integrating Europe and a globalising world’. European attempts …

Rethinking Enforcement And Litigation In Ontario Securities Regulation, Mary Condon

Articles & Book Chapters

The Ontario government has recently made changes to provincial securities law that are aimed at more effective enforcement. For example, statutory civil remedies are now available to investors in actions involving misrepresentation or inadequate disclosure in the secondary market. A broader range of sanctioning options has also been made available to the Ontario Securities Commission.

The author explores the factors contributing to these developments, identifies recent controversies surrounding the Commission's enforcement activities, and evaluates the effectiveness of different approaches to enforcement. The author reviews policy issues surrounding enforcement through public, criminal and quasi-criminal sanctions, as well as civil remedies, and …

Cross-Platform Podcast Feed Authoring Application, Brian P. Geary

Technical Library

The goal of this project is to build a cross-platform software application for creating, publishing, and maintaining a podcast RSS feed. Podcasting forms the foundation of an innovative subscription service that gives the audience unprecedented control over media-based content. This is a relatively recent technology that distributes audio and video recordings over the Internet using RSS syndication for listening on mobile devices and personal computers. This application will enable the novice podcaster to create and edit their own RSS feeds without requiring prior knowledge of RSS tag names, file structure or XML formatting rules. The application will also automate publishing …

Of Takeovers, Foreign Investment And Human Rights: Unpacking The Noranda-Minmetals Conundrum, Aaron A. Dhir

Articles & Book Chapters

In September 2004 Toronto-based Noranda Inc., one of the world's largest producers of nickel and copper, and China Minmetals Corp., a state-owned Chinese company, announced exclusive talks regarding a potential 100 percent buy-out of Noranda. The proposed friendly takeover was expected to be valued at approximately $7.4 billion USD. The dynamic shifted, however, in mid-November when Noranda announced that the exclusivity period for negotiations had expired and would not be renewed. In early March 2005 Noranda expressed frustration at the continuing lengthy process, which was depressing its share value. At the time, Noranda owned 59 percent of leading Canadian nickel …

Profitability Study Of Mpaa Rated Movies, Sridhar Sundaram

Seidman Business Review

Concerned with the limited number of family oriented films currently produced each year and an increase in the number of films containing sex and violence, The Dove Foundation is interested in determining which films, by MPAA rating, produce the greatest profits as well as the highest rates of return on investment (ROI).

Creating A Sense Of Community In The Classroom, Jesús Nieto, Suzanne Valery

Journal of Pedagogy, Pluralism, and Practice

No abstract provided.

Search Engine Bias And The Demise Of Search Engine Utopianism, Eric Goldman

Faculty Publications

Due to search engines' automated operations, people often assume that search engines display search results neutrally and without bias. However, this perception is mistaken. Like any other media company, search engines affirmatively control their users' experiences, which has the consequence of skewing search results (a phenomenon called "search engine bias"). Some commentators believe that search engine bias is a defect requiring legislative correction. Instead, this Essay argues that search engine bias is the beneficial consequence of search engines optimizing content for their users. The Essay further argues that the most problematic aspect of search engine bias, the "winner-take all" effect …

The Effectiveness Of The Nafta Environmental Side Agreement's Citizen Submission Process: A Case Study Of Metales Y Derivados, Tseming Yang

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Does Avoiding Constitutional Questions Promote Judicial Independence?, Lisa A. Kloppenberg

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Aliens With Guns: Equal Protection, Federal Power, And The Second Amendment, Pratheepan Gulasekaram

Faculty Publications

The nexus between guns and alienage presents a window through which to assess the competing constitutional values embodied in the Equal Protection Clause, the federal foreign-affairs power, and the Second Amendment. This Article analyzes the application of equal-protection norms and the federal foreign-affairs power on federal and state statutes that restrict the ability of non-citizens to bear arms. Professor Gulasekaram argues that courts should evaluate alienage restrictions at both the state and federal level under a unified analytic framework that would attempt to reconcile both personhood norms, such as equality, and gate-keeping norms vindicated by reliance on federal-power doctrines. As …