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Turkish Journal of Chemistry

No abstract provided.

Spectroscopic Characterisation And Biological Applications Of Organotin(Iv) Derivatives Of 3-(N-Naphthylaminocarbonyl)-2-Propenoic Acid, Sajjad Ahmad, Moazzam H. Bhatti, Saqib Ali, Fiaz Ahmed

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

In an effort to develop new organotin materials for investigation and biocidal evaluation, a series of compounds with the general formula R_{4 - n}SnL_n (where R = CH_3, n-C_4H_9, C_6H_5, C_6H_5CH_2 and L = 3-(N-naphthylaminocarbonyl)-2-propenoic acid) were synthesised, and characterised by elemental analysis, IR, multinuclear (^1H, ^{13}C and ^{119}Sn) NMR, ^{119m}Sn Mössbauer spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The biological activity of these compounds against various bacteria and fungi was investigated. All of the compounds were active against the fungi tested with a few exceptions. These compounds also showed significant antibacterial activity. LD_{50} data show that the investigated compounds have significant toxicity.

Antioxidant Activities Of The Extracts And Components Of Teucrium Orientale L. Var. Orientale, Ahmet Çakir, Ahmet Mavi̇, Cavi̇t Kazaz, Ali̇ Yildirim, Ömer İrfan Küfrevi̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The effects of the developing stages of Teucrium orientale L. var. orientale on the antioxidant and DPPH radical scavenging activities of the extracts obtained with different organic solvents were investigated. The aerial parts of the plant samples were collected at the budding, flowering and vegetative stages and then the plant samples were extracted separately with petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone and methanol. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated using 2 different tests: the thiocyanate method and scavenging of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. The acetone and methanol extracts of all of the harvesting stages and chloroform extracts of the budding …

Synthesis And Biological Activities Of N-Alkyl Derivatives Of O-, M-, And P-Nitro (E)-4-Azachalcones And Stereoselective Photochemistry In Solution, With Theoretical Calculations, Nuretti̇n Yayli, Osman Üçüncü, Ahmet Yaşar, Murat Küçük, Nuran Yayli, Emi̇ne Akyüz, Şengül Alpay Karaoğlu

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The N-alkyl derivatisation and photochemical dimerisation of 3 o-, m-, and p-nitro substituted 4-azachalcones (1-3) yielded 3 new o-, m-, and p-nitro substituted (E)-N-decyl-4-azachalconium bromides, (2E)-1-(2-nitrophenyl)-3-(N-decyl-4-pyridinium bromide)-2-propen-1-one (4), (2E)-1-(3-nitrophenyl)-3-(N-decyl-4-pyridinium bromide)-2-propen- 1-one (5), and (2E)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-(N-decyl-4-pyridinium bromide)- 2-propen-1-one (6), and 3 new dimers in solution, (1\beta, 2\alpha)-di- (3-nitrobenzoyl)-(3\beta, 4\alpha)-di-(4-pyridinyl) cyclobutane (7), (1\beta, 2\alpha)-di-(4-nitrobenzoyl)-(3\beta,4\alpha)-di-(4-pyridinyl) cyclobutane (8a), and (1\beta, 2\beta)-di-(4-nitrobenzoyl)-(3\beta, 4\alpha)-di-(4-pyridinyl)cyclobutane (8b), stereoselectively. The monomeric compounds showed good antimicrobial activity against test micro-organisms. The most sensitive micro-organisms were Gram-positive bacteria. The monomers also showed high antioxidant activity, while the dimerisation products 7-8a,b were less active. Compound 6 was found to have similar or even …

Dichloride[1-(2,4,6-Trimethylbenzyl)-3-(Biphenyl-2-Ylmethyl)-Imidazolidin- 2-Ylidine (\Eta^6-Hexamethylbenzene)]Ruthenium, Hakan Arslan, Donald Van Derveer, İsmai̇l Özdemi̇r, Sedat Yaşar, Beki̇r Çeti̇nkaya

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The single crystal X-ray structure of the imidazolidin ruthenium complex, C_{38}H_{46}N_2Cl_2Ru, was determined. The complex is an orthorhombic space group Pbca with a = 17.3586(32) Å, b = 14.4447(27) Å, c = 27.4325(52) Å, and V = 6878.466(4) Å^3 with Z = 8 for D_{calc} = 1.357 g/cm^3. It exhibits the expected 3-legged piano stool geometry. There is one coordination bond of the ruthenium atom with the electrons of the \eta^6-hexamethylbenzene, 2 symmetrical Ru-Cl bonds, and one Ru-C bond involving the imidazole ring. The coordination around the ruthenium atom is 4-fold, which in this is case is pseudo-tetrahedral.

Synthesis Of Vic-Dioxime Derivatives With Hydrazone Side Groups And Their Metal Complexes, İlknur Babahan, Hüseyi̇n Anil, Nursabah Sarikavakli

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Two novel vic-dioxime (L^1H_2, L^2H_2) compounds bearing hydrazone side groups and their transition metal complexes Ni(II), Co(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) were synthesized. The vic-dioxime ligands bearing hydrazone side groups were synthesized by reacting anti-glyoximehydrazine (GH_2) with 4-nitroacetophenone and 4-methylacetophenenone, respectively. Ligands form mononuclear complexes [(LH)_2M] with a metal to ligand ratio of 1:2 with M=Co(II)(H_2O)_2, Ni(II), and Cu(II). Zn(II) forms complexes [(LH)(H_2O)(Cl)Zn] with a metal to ligand ratio of 1:1. The Co(II) complexes of the ligands are proposed to be octahedral with water molecules as axial ligands, the Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes are proposed to be square planar, and the …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

No abstract provided.

Prediction Of Acidity Constants Of Thiazolidine-4-Carboxylic Acid Derivatives Using Ab Initio And Genetic Algorithm-Partial Least Squares, Ali Niazi, Saeed Jameh Bozorghi, Davood Nori Shargh

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A quantitative structure-property relationship study is suggested for the prediction of the acidity constants of some thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid derivatives in aqueous solution. Ab initio theory was used to calculate some quantum chemical descriptors, including electrostatic potentials and local charges at each atom, highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energies, etc. Modeling of the acidity constant of thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid derivatives as a function of molecular structures was established by means of the partial least squares algorithm. The subset of descriptors, which resulted in a low prediction error, was selected by genetic algorithm. This model was applied …

Electrochemical Copolymerization Of Thiophene Containing Pseudo-Polyether Cages With Pyrrole, Ati̇lla Ci̇haner, Ahmet M. Önal

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Conducting copolymers were synthesized via the electrochemical oxidation of pyrrole (Py) in the presence of the monomer 1,12-bis(2-thienyl)-2,5,8,11-tetraoxadodecane (I). The presence of monomer I in the electrolytic solution greatly changed the CV behavior of Py during its potensiodynamic polymerization. The electroactivity of poly(I-co-Py) increased with the increasing amount of I in the comonomer mixture. Copolymer films were prepared via constant potential electrolysis in an electrolytic solution containing 0.1 M tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate (TBAPF_6) dissolved in acetonitrile. The spectroelectrochemical properties of the films were investigated using UV-VIS spectroscopy.

Synthesis, Spectral And Thermal Characteristics Of Some Ten Coordinated Complexes Of Dioxouranium(Vi) Derived From Semicarbazones As Primary Ligand And Diphenyl Sulfoxide As Secondary Ligand, Ram K. Agarwal, Surendra Prasad

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The reactions of dioxouranium(VI) acetate with several semicarbazones derived from 4-aminoantipyrine in the presence of diphenyl sulfoxide (DPSO) led to the formation of complexes corresponding to the formulae [UO_2(CH_3COO)_2 (L).DPSO], where L = 4[N-(benzalidene)amino]antipyrinesemicarbazone (BAAPS), 4[N-(2'-hydroxybenzalidene)- amino]antipyrinesemicarbazone (HBAAPS) 4[N-(4'-methoxybenzalidene)amino] antipyrine semicarbazone (MBAAPS) 4[N-(4'-dimethylaminobenzalidene)amino]- antipyrinesemicarbazone (DABAAPS) 4[N-(2'-nitrobenzalidene)amino]antipyrine- semicarbazone (2'-NO_2 BAAPS) 4[N-(3'-nitrobenzalidene)amino]antipyrine- semicarbazone (3'-NO_2BAAPS) 4[N-(4'-nitrobenzalidene)amino]antipyrine- semicarbazone (4'-NO_2BAAPS), 4[N-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxybenzalidene)amino]- antipyrinesemicarbazone (HMBAAPS) 4[N-(2'-hydroxy-1'-naphthalidene)amino]- antipyrinesemicarbazone (HNAAPS) 4[N-(cinnamalidene)amino]antipyrine- semicarbazone (CAAPS)4[N-(3',4',5'-trimethoxybenzalidene)amino]antipyrine- semicarbazone (TMBAAPS) and 4[N-(furfural)amino]antipyrinesemicarbazone (FFAAPS). The complexes were characterised by means of elemental analyses, conductivity measurements, molecular weight, magnetic moments and infrared studies. The coordination number 10 is proposed for these complexes. Thermal properties of the …

The Mechanism And Crystal Structure Of 2-Methoxy-2-Methyl-4-Phenyl-3,4,4a, 10b-Tetrahydro-2h,5h-Pyrano[3,2-C]Chromen-5-One. Acetal Of Warfarin Acid, Saira Shahzadi, Saqib Ali, Irum Asif, Rizwana Ashraf, Guo-Xin Jin

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Acetal of warfarin acid has been synthesized via a hemi acetal intermediate and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction. The crystal structure shows that the title compound was formed by the hydrolysis of warfarin acid in methanol at pH 3, with space group P2_1/n and unit cell parameters a = 5.859 (17), b =16.745 (5), c = 16.402 (5) Å, \alpha = 90.00; \beta = 94.853 (4), and \gamma = 90.00°.

Template Synthesis And Structural Characterization Of Homo Binuclear Chromium(Iii), Manganese(Iii), Iron(Iii), Cobalt(Iii), And Ruthenium(Iii) Complexes With Octaazamacrocyclic Ligands, Vinod K. Sharma, Shipra Srivastava

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The Schiff base octaazamacrocyclic ligands derived from primary diamines and 3,6-dimethyl/diphenyl-4,5-diazaocta-3,5-diene-2,7-dione, and their binuclear complexes [M_2LCl_4]Cl_2 [M = Cr(III), Fe(III), Co(III), or Ru(III)] and [Mn_2L(AcO)_4](AcO)_2 were synthesized by template condensation reactions. Attempts to synthesize the corresponding metal-free macrocyclic ligands did not prove successful. The overall geometry and stereochemistry of these complexes were elucidated by elemental analyses, magnetic susceptibilities, electronic spectra, infrared spectra, molar conductance measurements, ^1H NMR, and thermogravimetric analysis. All the trivalent metal ion complexes appear to be 1:2 electrolytes. An octahedral geometry is proposed for all the complexes.

Synthesis And Properties Of Triazol-5-One Substituted Phthalocyanines By Microwave Irradiation, Bahatti̇n Kahveci̇, Selami̇ Şaşmaz, Musa Özi̇l, Ci̇han Kantar, Başak Koşar, Orhan Büyükgüngör

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Triazol-5-one substituted phthalocyanines were prepared quickly by the reaction of 4-nitrophthalonitrile with anhydrous metal salts in DBU (1,8-diazabicyclo[5,4,0]undec-7-ene) and DMAE (dimethylaminoethanol) by microwave irradiation. Microwave yields were higher than those of the conventional synthesis methods. All of these complexes are insoluble in polar solvents such as ethanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform. The characterization of the compounds was accomplished by elemental analysis, ^1H NMR (for I and II), ^{13}C NMR (for I and II), IR and UV-Vis spectral data. In addition, the structure of the starting material (I) was determined by single crystal diffraction.

Development And Test Of A Kinematical Method For Estimating Rotation Using The Acceleration Of A Rigid Body, Douglas A. Carr

Theses

In this work, the feasibility of a novel method for combining inertial information gathered from accelerometers to calculate an estimate for rotational information independent of rate gyro measurements is investigated. The concept uses two, distinctly placed, parallel accelerometers on a rigid body to estimate rotational acceleration by comparing the difference in sensed acceleration caused by rotation. Since the estimation is independent of available rate gyro data, optimization of drift and scale factors can be used to calibrate the accelerometers in a real time fashion. Experimental trials were conducted on a small mobile robotic platform, due to the eventual objective of …

Past Glacial And Interglacial Conditions In The Arctic Ocean And Marginal Seas - A Review, Dennis A. Darby, Leonid Polyak, Henning A. Bauch

OES Faculty Publications

Past changes in the Arctic Ocean and its marginal seas have been profound, even during the last 10,000 years. Understanding these changes, such as those occurring during the transition from glacial to interglacial climates, are important for research on modern processes, because this knowledge provides a framework and unique perspective in which to view the modern physical and biological processes. This paper discusses our current understanding of past environmental change and processes relative to those currently in progress. Special emphasis is placed on the most recent transition from a glacial state to the modern interglacial conditions.

Nitrogen Fixation And Release Of Fixed Nitrogen By Trichodesmium Spp. In The Gulf Of Mexico, Margaret R. Mulholland, Peter W. Bernhardt, Cynthia A. Heil, Deborah A. Bronk, Judith M. O'Neil

OES Faculty Publications

During a 3-yr study in the Gulf of Mexico, we measured dinitrogen (N₂) fixation and nitrogen (N) release by Trichodesmium and compared these rates with water column N demand and the estimated N necessary to support blooms of Karenia brevis, a toxic dinoflagellate that severely affects the West Florida shelf. Net and gross N₂ fixation rates were compared in simultaneous incubations using ¹⁵N₂ uptake and acetylene reduction, respectively. The difference between net and gross N₂ fixation is assumed to be an approximation of the rate of N release. Results demonstrate that Trichodesmium in …

Design Of Partial Enclosures For Acoustical Applications, Amy Elizabeth Carter

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Enclosures are a very common way to reduce noise emissions from machinery. However, enclosures display complex acoustic behavior that is difficult to predict. The research presented in this thesis uses the boundary element method in order to better understand the acoustic behavior of a partial enclosure. Insertion loss was used as the performance measure and the effect of several design factors on the overall insertion loss was documented. Results indicate that the most important factors affecting enclosure performance are the opening size, amount of absorption, and the source-to-opening distance.

Characterization And Measurement Of Tension-Induced Longitudinal Wrinkles In Gossamer Membranes Using Photogrammetry, Sreeram Mangalampalli

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Gossamer membranes are large, ultra light weight, highly flexible thin films. They have been proposed for use as elements in systems such as solar sails and optical apertures, whose large areas require a low-mass material that can be launched in a compact package and then deployed to operational configuration upon reaching orbit. Many of the proposed applications require that the film possess a flat, wrinkle-free surface. Surface wrinkle configuration is determined, in part, by the method used to support the film. One configuration that has not been studied in detail involves the formation of vertical wrinkles oriented along the direction …

Experimental And Numerical Investigation Of Plasma-Jet Forming, Sailesh Kumar Tangirala

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Sheet metal forming has found increasing applications in modern industries. To eliminate use of expensive tools during product development, thermal forming, a rapid prototyping process that is flexible enough to decrease costs has been developed. Thermal forming processes use a heat source to perform the required deformation mainly by creating a thermal difference along the thickness of the sheet. Gas flames, lasers and plasma heat sources have been used for sheet metal bending by thermal forming. An alternative to laser and gas flames, plasma-jet forming has been developed that uses a non-transferred plasma arc as a heat source. The plasma-jet …

Selective Growth Of Carbon Nanotubes And Oxide Nanowires: Applications In Shadow Lithography And Fabrication Of Aligned Carbon Nanotube Membranes, Nitin Chopra

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

A promising approach investigated here is to utilize thin film multilayer structures where the thickness of a catalyst layer at an exposed edge of photolithographically defined pattern determines the diameter of the nanotubes/nanowires grown from it. This can in turn be incorporated into photolithographically defined post structures resulting in an array of suspended nanowires for line-of-site shadow lithography. Success of the diameter control approach has been shown by selectively growing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from narrow lines (12-60 nm) of SiO₂, Fe, Ni, Co on micron-scale patterned substrates in a ferrocene or nonferrocene catalyzed CVD process. In addition, the …

Heat Transfer And Chemical Processes In Chemical Vapor Deposition Reactor For Synthesis Of Carbon Nanotubes, Wahed Rezk Wasel

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

A small-scale model of a CVD reactor was built. Axial and radial of major species concentrations and temperature profiles were obtained with a micro gas chromatograph and a fine thermocouple. Those temperature and species concentrations revealed detailed thermal and chemical structures of the CVD reactor.

The concentrations of argon plus hydrogen, methane, and C₂H_x (C₂H₂ + C₂H₄ + C₂H₆) resulting from xylene decomposition were measured along the CVD at different temperatures. Ferrocene was added to xylene to investigate the effect of a catalyst on composition profiles. The …

Upgrade, Aharon Charnov

Theses

Description of the creation of a computer-animated film, "Upgrade," a project whose goal was to create a visually acceptable story that was enjoyable and coherent, without the benefit of substantive collaborators. The film depicts a young man's relationship with his new computer, as the (anthropomorphized) operating system loses her initial attractiveness and becomes bloated, slow, jealous and vengeful. Includes thesis proposal, revised script, original story boards, color stills, and code for generating facial expressions.

The Role Of Lipids During Embryonic Development Of The Euphausiids Euphausia Pacifica And Thysanoessa Spinifera, Se-Jong Ju, H. Rodger Harvey, Jaime Gómez-Gutiérrez, William T. Peterson

OES Faculty Publications

To understand the role of lipids during early embryogenesis, major lipid classes together with individual fatty acid and sterol composition were determined in embryos from multiple developmental stages of the euphausiids Euphausia pacifica and Thysanoessa spinifera. Average lipid content in embryos of E. pacifica and T. spiniferafrom the earliest stage (multicell) were 4.45 and 3.69 µg embryo^-1,respectively. During development, the lipid content decreased at similar rates in the embryos of both species. In contrast to many crustacean eggs, phospholipids were the dominant lipid class in all embryonic stages, with decreasing concentrations seen during development. Individual …

Western Caribbean Sea Surface Temperatures During The Late Quaternary, Matthew W. Schmidt, Maryline J. Vautravers, Howard J. Spero

OES Faculty Publications

[1] Mg/Ca ratios in the planktonic foraminifera Globigerinoides ruber from Colombian Basin core ODP 999A suggest that Caribbean sea surface temperatures ( SSTs) were from 2.1 to 2.7°C colder than the present during the last three glacial maximums. In comparison, faunal derived SSTs ( SIMMAX method) show that August SSTs in the Caribbean varied < 2° over the past 360 kyr, whereas February SSTs varied between 21.0°C and 26.5°C. Changes in the Mg/Ca-SST record contain a strong 23 kyr periodicity, suggesting the Mg/Ca-SST record reflects a warm season weighted SST average rather than an annual mean SST. Combining several dissolution indices, we identify brief periods of decreased carbonate preservation in our record and show that MIS 11 stands out as the most intensive dissolution cycle in the Caribbean over the last 460 kyr. Comparison of Caribbean SST change with a similar estimate of tropical SST variability in the western Pacific over the past 360 kyr reveals shifts in the east-west tropical SST gradient that are coeval with glacial-interglacial climate change and consistent both with a southward migration of the glacial ITCZ and with a glacial El Niño-like mode of tropical circulation.

Landscapes Of Imagination: A Critical Analysis Of Art Textbooks, Lynda C. Kerr

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Author's abstract: This qualitative study examined imagination in secondary art textbooks, both historically and in the current educational climate. An arts-based inquiry, as described by Barone & Eisner (Jaeger, 1988), investigated how imagination is manifested in some art books, how the standards movement has tended to limit imagination in art textbooks, and how art textbooks could expand students' imaginations. Using a framework based on the theories of Dewey (1934/1980), Greene (2001), and Eisner (2002), four art textbooks were analyzed for their qualities which expand students' imaginations. The study described a design for an imaginative art textbook. Analysis focused on the …

Visualization For Analyzing Trajectory-Based Metaheuristic Search Algorithms, Steven Halim, Roland H. C. Yap, Hoong Chuin Lau

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

No abstract provided.

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Solubilisation, Purification And Processing Of Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes Using Organic Molecules, Theresa Hedderman

Doctoral

The aims of this research are seven fold; • To enhance the solubility of SWNTs in organic solvents. • To purify an untreated sample of SWNTs that contains many side products. • To gain a greater understanding of the interaction between the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and SWNTs. • To debundle and disperse SWNTs. • To select SWNTs of a specific structure based on the structures of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons used. • To observe and compare the interaction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with SWNTs produced by different methods. • To elucidate factors which contribute to different degrees of interaction between …

Culture And Counterfactuals: On The Importance Of Life Domains, Jing Chen, Chi-Yue Chiu, Neal J. Roese, Kim-Pong Tam, Ivy Yee-Man Lau

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Past research, with its emphasis on affective regulatory processes, has failed to find cross-cultural differences in counterfactual thoughts. In the current study, the authors examine the tendency to generate additive counterfactuals (those that focus on the addition of new aspects that were not in fact present) and subtractive counterfactuals (those that focus on subtraction of factual aspects) among Mainland Chinese and European American university students in five life domains: schoolwork, romantic relationships, family relationships, friendships, and life in general. As in previous studies, the authors find an overall main effect, in which additive counterfactuals predominate over subtractive counterfactuals within both …

Guo Xiang, Alan Kam Leung Chan

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

A champion of the Learning of the Mysterious (Xuanxue) or neo-Daoism that gained prominence in third-century China, Guo Xiang (c. 252–312 CE) is best known for his commentary to the Zhuangzi, which offers to reconcile orthodox teachings (mingjiao) with Daoist naturalness (ziran).