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Age Matters: The Cognitive Strategies And Benefits Of Learning Among College-Degreed Older Adults, Bruce Campbell

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

This study explored learning among college-degreed adults who were 60 to 98 years of age. Its purpose was three-fold. It sought to describe what participants learned, the cognitive strategies they used, and the perceived benefits they gained from learning. Study participants included 35 adults with a minimum of a Bachelor’s degree. Twenty were men and fifteen were women. All claimed to be active learners at the outset of the study. Descriptive research methodology was used for data collection. It consisted of interviews using both phenomenological and semi-structured questions and a focus group that elaborated upon interview results. Data indicated that: …

Telling Our Stories: A Phenomenological Study Of The Leader’S Gendered Experience Of Self-Disclosing, Dee Giffin Flaherty

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

Leadership is a personal process that involves creating communities and influencing change through relationships of influence. This research explores one aspect of leadership, that of self-disclosing. The self-disclosure of leaders affects all aspects of leadership. Self-disclosure is personal in that people’s voices are unique and come from their sense of self. The appropriate use of self-disclosure can facilitate increased self-awareness, and greater mental and physical health. Leaders can influence change by the strategic sharing of their disclosures. Communities are built when people can identify with leaders stories and be guided toward a shared vision. The purpose of this study is …

The Critical Factors Of Coaching Practice Leading To Successful Coaching Outcomes, Margaret K. Marshall

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

The purpose of this study was to identify the critical aspects in coaching outcomes as perceived by experienced coaches in the United States in both business and life coaching settings. Nineteen coaches provided a total of 109 critical incidents that led the client to the coaching process. Six dimensions of coaching emerged from the coding process; personal philosophies of coaching, coach functions, the coaching process, breakdown and success factors, precipitating factors and outcomes of coaching. A model was constructed to depict the relationship of the dimensions to one another. The personal philosophy of the coach influenced every other dimension. The …

Leadership As Teaching: Mapping The Thinking Of Administrators And Teachers, Mary Ellen Steele-Pierce

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

Leading and teaching both involve processes that permit others to transform their thinking. Yet there has been little systematic, empirical research to connect the two. This exploratory study examines K-12 educational leadership asking: What are the similarities and differences in the ways school administrators think about "leading" compared to the ways teachers think about "teaching"? This mixed methods study offers an examination of whether administrators think about their work in terms of "the vital teaching role of leadership" (Burns, 1978, p. 425) by creating and comparing three sets of concept maps, one for teachers and administrators and one for each …

Selecting Leadership: An Analysis Of Predictors In Assessing Leadership Potential, Andrea L. Zavakos

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of leadership using a newly developed assessment for leadership selection within the healthcare industry by comparing assessment scores to supervisor rankings of the subjects. The study population consisted of 195 employees of 11 different hospitals. Each of the participants completed the Healthcare Leadership Inventory (HLI) assessment; their immediate supervisors completed performance ratings for them. None of the instruments were designed by the researcher. The dependent variable of the study was the supervisor-provided factor of Promotion Potential. Stepwise multiple regression was the main analytical approach. The analysis yielded two predictors of leadership …

Antimicrobial Resistance In Irish Isolates Of Verocytotoxigenic Escherichia Coli (E. Coli)-Vtec., Ciara Walsh, Geraldine Duffy, R. O'Mahoney, I. S. Blair, D. A. Mcdowell

Articles

This study compared the antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolates (n = 257) recovered from bovine hides, minced beef and human clinical samples in Ireland, to those profiles of a range of Irish non-O157 E. coli (O111 and O26) isolates (n=31) from a variety of clinical and veterinary sources. Four multi-drug resistant (MDR) E. coli O157:H7 food isolates were identified, with resistance to 10 (1 isolate), 6 (1 isolate) and 4 (2 isolates) antimicrobial agents respectively. Two of these isolates (resistant to 7 and 4 antimicrobial classes) were characterised further by molecular methods and found to contain class …

Survival Of Antibiotic Resistant And Antibiotic Sensitive Strains Of E. Coli O157 And E. Coli O26 In Food Matrices., Ciara Walsh, Geraldine Duffy, I. S. Blair, D. A. Mcdowell

Articles

Escherichia coli O157:H7 or E. coli O26, which were AS (antibiotic sensitive), AR (laboratory created antibiotic resistant mutants), or naturally MAR (multi-antibiotic resistant), were inoculated into laboratory media, yoghurt or orange juice and their growth/survival monitored during enrichment at 37 °C or storage at 4 °C. The strains were also inoculated into minced beef and their thermal inactivation (D-values) examined at 55 °C, with and without a prior heat shock at 48 °C. The growth kinetics (lag phases, growth rates) of the VTEC (verocytotoxigenic E. coli), incubated over 24 h at 37 °C in laboratory media, were …

Evaluation Of The Effect Of Vehicle Performance On Consumer Satisfaction, Elizabeth A. Cudney

Doctoral Dissertations

"Value is the relationship of functionality or benefit to the cost of a product or service. Consumers appear to seek value, but not all consumers are alike in their needs and wants. Common characteristics that consumers desire in automobiles include a high level of value relative to the product's cost. Consumers measure vehicle performance in terms of twenty-three attributes such as roominess, ride, reliability, handling, brake pedal feel, visibility, interior noise, acceleration, etc. Problems arise when automakers try to translate these characteristics into vehicle performance specifications and capabilities.

Quality is an essential element for both the consumer and producer since …

Activist Training In The Academy: Developing A Master's Program In Environmental Advocacy And Organizing At Antioch New England Graduate School, Steve Chase

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

This curriculum action research study begins by raising the question of whether environmental studies programs within higher education should launch activist training programs for public interest advocates and grassroots organizers working for nonprofit organizations focused on environmental protection, corporate accountability, and social justice. Answering that question in the affirmative, the study then focuses on the theoretical issues underlying the creation of activist training programs within the academy, specifically within environmental studies programs, and reports on a case study of the successful development of a master’s program in Environmental Advocacy and Organizing. The first section on theoretical issues focuses first on …

Whey Permeate As A Bio-Preservative For Shelf Life Maintenance Of Fresh-Cut Vegetables, Ana Belen Martin-Diana, Daniel Rico, Jesus Maria Frias, Jemina Mulcahy, Gary Henehan, Catherine Barry-Ryan

Articles

Whey permeate at different concentrations (0.5%, 1.5% and 3%) was used as natural sanitizing agent in the washing treatment of fresh-cut lettuce and carrots. These treatments were compared with a chlorine 120 ppm widely used in the industry. Microbiological, quality (colour changes, browning-related enzymes, headspace gas composition, textural changes and sensory analysis) and nutritional (ascorbic acid and carotenoids) markers were monitored over 10 days in fresh-cut lettuce and carrot packages stored at 4 °C. Whey permeate at 3% resulted in equivalent or better microbial load reduction than chlorine. Although lower concentration of whey permeate produced minor initial reduction, microbial counts …

Effect Of Calcium Lactate And Heat-Shock On Texture In Fresh-Cut Lettuce During Storage, Ana Belen Martin-Diana, Daniel Rico, Jesus Maria Frias, Gary Henehan, Jemina Mulcahy, J. Barat, Catherine Barry-Ryan

Articles

Textural and microstructural changes in fresh-cut lettuce were analysed over 12 days storage. The vegetable was treated with 120 ppm chlorine and with 15 g/L calcium lactate at room temperature (18–20 °C) and at 50 °C (heat-shock). Texturometer analysis showed that samples washed with calcium lactate had significantly (p > 0.05) higher crispness values than samples washed with chlorine. However the use of 50 °C treatment (heat-shock) gave better textural properties at the end of storage and significantly retarded the softening process, being in agreement with the sensorial results. Cryo-SEM micrographs showed a loss of turgor (shrinkage) of the tissue cells …

Are They Human Children Or Just Border Rats?, Susan M. Akram

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Development Lending And The Community Reinvestment Act, Keith N. Hylton

Faculty Scholarship

In a series of articles on community-development lending published in the late 1990s, I criticized the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA).⁴ Criticizing the CRA, however, was not the sole focus of these articles. I offered a theoretical framework for analyzing the statute that I hoped would be useful to scholars who attempted either to justify or to condemn the statute. I also offered alternatives to the current approach, pointing especially toward the subsidization of economic-development efforts.

Looking back, it appears that I underestimated the degree to which the political controversy surrounding the CRA would color the treatment some later scholars …

A Restatement (Third) Of Intentional Torts?, Kenneth Simons

Faculty Scholarship

Some intentional tort doctrines have developed in intriguing ways since the Restatement Second was published, and other doctrines remain contentious or obscure. For example, disagreement persists about whether the tort of battery requires merely the (single) intent to make a nonconsensual contact, or the (dual) intent both (1) to contact and (2) either to harm or to offend. The single intent view is much more plausible; the dual intent view cannot make much sense of the liability of well-intentioned doctors for battery if they exceed the patient's consent, or the liability of pranksters, or the well-accepted doctrine of apparent consent. …

Congress, Controlled Substances, And Physician-Assisted Suicide: Elephants In Mouseholes, George J. Annas

Faculty Scholarship

The U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Gonzales v. Oregon to reject the U.S. attorney general's authority to prohibit physicians in Oregon from prescribing Schedule II drugs for their terminally ill patients to commit suicide can seem paradoxical and confusing. How is it that California cannot permit the patients of physicians who recommend marijuana, a Schedule I drug, to possess legally and use marijuana that they may need to survive, but Oregon can legally permit physicians to prescribe Schedule II drugs and patients to possess and use such drugs to end their lives?

Bioterror And “Bioart”: A Plague O' Both Your Houses, George J. Annas

Faculty Scholarship

Since September 11, 2001, the threat of bioterrorism has caused Congress and the President to dramatically increase research funding for countermeasures, including funding for new biosecurity laboratories. The new kind of war against non-state actors who use terror to intimidate populations has also made the creation of new ethical and legal rules for researchers seem critical. New laws have been passed, and there have been proposals for new codes of ethics for bioterrorism-related research. Almost five years after September 11, however, the outcome of the development of new research rules remains uncertain.

Hunger Strikes At Guantanamo: Medical Ethics And Human Rights In A “Legal Black Hole”, George J. Annas

Faculty Scholarship

Being Human, a collection of readings assembled by President George W. Bush's Council on Bioethics, contains a powerful description of the force-feeding of Soviet political prisoner Vladimir Bukovsky, who was on a hunger strike to protest the refusal of prison authorities to provide a lawyer for a fellow inmate who was awaiting trial:

They started feeding me forcibly through the nostril. By a rather thick rubber tube with a metal end on it. . . . The procedure will be that four or five KGB guys will come to my cell, take me to a medical unit, put a straitjacket …

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Dna Testing, Banking, And Genetic Privacy, George J. Annas

Faculty Scholarship

"Who am I?” has always been a fundamental philosophical question that may require decades of reflection to answer. With the advent of DNA analysis, there is a growing public impression that the answer may be found in our genes. Various Internet sites offer descriptions of our ancestral history on the basis of our DNA, as well as testing for specific “disease genes” or general profiles that are used to recommend lifestyle changes, such as foods to be eaten or avoided. Researchers have even suggested that although the scientific evidence is speculative and at best probabilistic, many people will want to …

The Patient's Right To Safety: Improving The Quality Of Care Through Litigation Against Hospitals, George J. Annas

Faculty Scholarship

It is the consensus of experts in the patient-safety field that little has changed to improve the safety of hospital care since the Institute of Medicine's 1999 report, To Err Is Human. The report noted that in order to be successful, “safety must be an explicit organizational goal that is demonstrated by clear organizational leadership. . . . This process begins when boards of directors demonstrate their commitment to this objective by regular, close oversight of the safety of the institutions they shepherd.” Leape and Berwick agree, noting that safety cannot become an institutional priority “without more sustained and …

Gendering The Gentrification Of Public Housing: Hope Vi's Disparate Impact On Lowest-Income African American Women, Danielle Pelfrey Duryea

Faculty Scholarship

HOPE VI must have seemed so promising. When, in 1992, the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) introduced the program later dubbed "HOPE VI," replacing the country's worst public housing projects with mixed-income, mixed-use, low-density new developments while providing targeted social services to low-income residents must have seemed like a worthy pursuit indeed. America's most run-down, crime-ridden, and poverty-plagued residential properties could be transformed into "human-scale" New Urbanist streetscapes, aesthetically continuous with surrounding areas, that would inspire pride and community in their residents. Perhaps most importantly, HOPE VI's required social service component might have seemed, at last, to recognize …

Consolidating Pharmaceutical Regulation Down Under: Policy Options And Practical Realities, Frances H. Miller

Faculty Scholarship

Pharmaceutical regulatory agencies struggle worldwide to maintain public trust these days. Drug safety issues proliferate,' the costs of lharmaceuticals take increasingly larger shares of most countries' health service spending, and conflicts of interest afflicting the drug approval and marketing processes capture more and more public attention. The Australian and New Zealand governments are keenly aware of these problems, and have been attempting to forge a regulatory alliance to combine their respective pharmaceutical regulatory agencies, Australia's Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) and New Zealand's Medicines and Medical Devices Safety Authority (Medsafe), into the pending Trans Tasman Therapeutic Products Authority (ANZTPA, or TPA). …

Liability Externalities And The Law: A Comment On Cooter And Porat, Keith N. Hylton

Faculty Scholarship

Robert Cooter and Ariel Porat have offered a simple model of tort liability with sensible reform proposals. Their focus is in on damage levels, and how those levels can be modified to reflect the socially desirable level of externalization. However, to the extent that there is any gain to be achieved by modifying damage awards, it would be better to secure this gain through other approaches, such as adopting a more careful analysis of factual causation or reducing the likelihood of judicial error.

The Digital Vat (D-Vat), Richard Thompson Ainsworth

Faculty Scholarship

The most sustained U.S. tax policy debate of the past 30 years concerns proposals to replace and/ or supplement the Federal Income Tax with a consumption tax. Public finance economists and legal tax policy scholars challenged and defended the current income tax system on grounds of fairness, efficiency, and simplicity.

This debate over revamping the national taxing scheme has not been argued purely in the academic forum. Concrete legislative proposals have been advanced for a national retail sales tax, a European-style Value Added Tax, as well as a whole host of what David Bradford calls "the two-tiered consumption taxes."

From …

Risk Management, Ben J.M. Ale, Phil W.M. Brighton, Michael S. Baram

Faculty Scholarship

Risk management develops as the need arises. Usually after an accident people want “authorities” to do something. On the other hand, industry wants predictable behaviour of authorities to be able to judge the soundness of their investments. This led to an adaptive process involving many decision makers embedded in legal and cultural heritage. It was indeed as struggle to determine who should be responsible and how to have risk management done by competent party (i.e. (1) industry, (2) public (3) authorities).

Kitzmiller And The "Is It Science?" Question, Jay D. Wexler

Faculty Scholarship

When Judge John E. Jones, III, a United States District Court judge appointed by President George W. Bush, ruled that the Dover school board's intelligent design (ID) policy violated the Establishment Clause, ID opponents were ecstatic. They had good reason to be. The opinion was a comprehensive and complete victory for ID opponents. The decision held that the policy was an unconstitutional endorsement of religion when viewed both from a reasonable Dover student's perspective as well as from the perspective of a reasonable adult in the Dover community. It also held that the policy was adopted for a religious purpose, …

Foreword: Globe-Hopping Pharmaceuticals, Frances H. Miller

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The U.S. Supreme Court And Medical Ethics: From Contraception To Managed Health Care, George J. Annas

Faculty Scholarship

Review of The U.S. Supreme Court and Medical Ethics: From Contraception to Managed Health Care (2004) by Bryan Hilliard

Some Abcs Of Feminist Sex Education (In Light Of The Sexuality Critique Of Legal Feminism), Linda C. Mcclain

Faculty Scholarship

This essay offers some ABCs for a framework for sex education informed by feminist and liberal principles, in contrast to the conservative sexual economy underlying abstinence-only sex education. It embraces affirmative governmental responsibility to foster sexual and reproductive agency and responsibility and stresses the aims of capacity, equality, and responsibility. An adequate program of sex education should also address how gender role expectations and stereotypes may stand in the way of adolescents developing capacities for responsible self-government and acquiring a sense of personal agency with respect to intimacy and sexuality. The Essay then evaluates such a feminist project in light …

"God's Created Order", Gender Complementarity, And The Federal Marriage Amendment, Linda C. Mcclain

Faculty Scholarship

Does marriage, in the United States, need the protection of an amendment to the federal constitution, which would enshrine marriage as only the union of a man and a woman? In answering "yes" to this question, sponsors and supporters of the Federal Marriage Protection Amendment (FMPA), in the House of Representatives and the Senate, have made various appeals to the gender complementarity of marriage: (1) opposite-sex marriage is part of "God's created order;" (2) procreation is the purpose of marriage and has a tight nexus with optimal mother/father parenting; (3) marriage bridges the "gender divide" by properly ordering heterosexual desire …

The Wall And The Law: A Tale Of Two Judgements, Susan M. Akram, S. Michael Lynk

Faculty Scholarship

The seminal rulings in 2004 by the International Court of Justice and the Israeli High Court on the legality of the wall/barrier that Israel is building through the occupied West Bank and East Jerusalem provide a study in contrast. While both judgements were critical of the wall/barrier, their judicial approaches and legal conclusions were strikingly divergent, particularly given that the two courts were purporting to rely upon the same principles of international law. The judgements also elicited quite different political and diplomatic reactions, especially among the parties most involved in the Israel/Palestine conflict. This article explores the legal analysis and …