Digital Commons Network^™

Multiple Hypotheses Testing Of Fish Incidence Patterns In An Urbanized Ecosystem, Christopher J. Chizinski, C.L. Higgins, C.E. Shavlik, Kevin L. Pope

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

Ecological and evolutionary theories have focused traditionally on natural processes with little attempt to incorporate anthropogenic influences despite the fact that humans are such an integral part of virtually all ecosystems. A series of alternate models that incorporated anthropogenic factors and traditional ecological mechanisms of invasion to account for fish incidence patterns in urban lakes was tested. The models were based on fish biology, human intervention, and habitat characteristics. However, the only models to account for empirical patterns were those that included fish invasiveness, which incorporated speciesspecific information about overall tolerance and fecundity. This suggests that species-specific characteristics are more …

A Framework For Spatial Risk Assessments: Potential Impacts Of Nonindigenous Invasive Species On Native Species, Craig R. Allen, Alan R, Johnson, Leslie Parris

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

Many populations of wild animals and plants are declining and face increasing threats from habitat fragmentation and loss as well as exposure to stressors ranging from toxicants to diseases to invasive nonindigenous species. We describe and demonstrate a spatially explicit ecological risk assessment that allows for the incorporation of a broad array of information that may influence the distribution of an invasive species, toxicants, or other stressors, and the incorporation of landscape variables that may influence the spread of a species or substances. The first step in our analyses is to develop species models and quantify spatial overlap between stressor …

Multimodel Inference And The Understanding Of Complexity, Discontinuity, And Normadism, Craig R. Allen, Denis A. Saunders

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

Nomadism has received surprisingly little attention in the ecological literature, and further work in this area is needed. The results of Woinarski’s reanalysis of our research findings are broadly similar to our own, and they support our original interpretation. However, his presentation is confusing and difficult to interpret.We used an information-theoretic approach to multimodel selection. We a priori defined plausible candidate models relating the variables described in our original paper or Woinarski’s reanalysis to the phenomenon of nomadism. We tested models that investigate nomadism as a function of nectivory, granivory, diet diversity, mixed diet, distance to body mass aggregation edge, …

Firm Size Diversity, Functional Richness, And Resilience, Ahjond S. Garmestani, Craig R. Allen, John D. Mittelstaedt, Craig A. Stow, William A. Ward

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

This paper applies recent advances in ecology to our understanding of firm development, sustainability, and economic development. The ecological literature indicates that the greater the functional richness of species in a system, the greater its resilience – that is, its ability to persist in the face of substantial changes in the environment. This paper focuses on the effects of functional richness across firm size on the ability of industries to survive in the face of economic change. Our results indicate that industries with a richness of industrial functions are more resilient to employment volatility.

Parent Birds Assess Nest Predation Risk And Adjust Their Reproductive Strategies, J. J. Fontaine, T. E. Martin

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

Avian life history theory has long assumed that nest predation plays a minor role in shaping reproductive strategies. Yet, this assumption remains conspicuously untested by broad experiments that alter environmental risk of nest predation, despite the fact that nest predation is a major source of reproductive failure. Here, we examined whether parents can assess experimentally reduced nest predation risk and alter their reproductive strategies. We experimentally reduced nest predation risk and show that in safer environments parents increased investment in young through increased egg size, clutch mass, and the rate they fed nestlings. Parents also increased investment in female condition …

Habitat Selection Responses Of Parents To Offspring Predation Risk: An Experimental Test, J. J. Fontaine, T. E. Martin

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

The ability of nest predation to influence habitat settlement decisions in birds is widely debated, despite its importance in limiting fitness. Here, we experimentally manipulated nest predation risk across a landscape and asked the question, do migratory birds assess and respond to variation in nest predation risk when choosing breeding habitats? We examined habitat preference by quantifying the density and settlement date of eight species of migratory passerines breeding in areas with and without intact nest predator communities. We found consistently more individuals nesting in areas with reduced nest predation than in areas with intact predator assemblages, although predation risk …

Draft Environmental Assessment For Listing Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix) As Injurious Wildlife Under The Lacey Act

National Invasive Species Council

In this environmental assessment, we consider two alternatives for the proposed action to add silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) to the list of injurious wildlife under the Lacey Act: 1) no action; and 2) adding all forms (diploid and triploid) of live silver carp, gametes, eggs and hybrids. Three alternatives considered, but dismissed from further analysis were 1) adding all forms of live and dead silver carp, gametes, eggs and hybrids; and 2) adding only diploid (fertile) forms of live silver carp, gametes, eggs and hybrids; and 3) require double-escape proof aquaculture ponds, transport vehicles and containers for typical …

Overview Of Nisc & Isac

National Invasive Species Council

Executive Order (EO) 13112

ISAC

Federal Advisory Committee Act

ISAC Charter

ISAC Subcommittees

Membership of ISAC

Intra-Seasonal Ndvi Change Projections In Semi-Arid Africa, Chris C. Funk, Molly E. Brown

United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Publications

Early warning systems (EWS) tend to focus on the identification of slow onset disasters such famine and epidemic disease. Since hazardous environmental conditions often precede disastrous outcomes by many months, effective monitoring via satellite and in situ observations can successfully guide mitigation activities. Accurate short term forecasts of NDVI could increase lead times, making early warning earlier. This paper presents a simple empirical model for making 1 to 4 month NDVI projections. These statistical projections are based on parameterized satellite rainfall estimates (RFE) and relative humidity demand (RHD). A quasi-global, 1 month ahead, 1° study demonstrates reasonable accuracies in many …

A Review Of Carbon Nanotube Toxicity And Assessment Of Potential Occupational And Environmental Health Risks, Chiu-Wing Lam, John T. James, Richard Mccluskey, Sivaram Arepalli, Robert L. Hunter

United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Publications

Nanotechnology has emerged at the forefront of science research and technology development. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are major building blocks of this new technology. They possess unique electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties, with potential wide applications in the electronics, computer, aerospace, and other industries. CNTs exist in two forms, single-wall (SWCNTs) and multi-wall (MWCNTs). They are manufactured predominately by electrical arc discharge, laser ablation and chemical vapor deposition processes; these processes involve thermally stripping carbon atoms off from carbon-bearing compounds. SWCNT formation requires catalytic metals. There has been a great concern that if CNTs, which are very light, enter the working …

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Eradication Project: Activities Report And Conference Proceedings 2006, Bridget Kavanagh-Patrick

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Bovine tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that is close to being eradicated in the United States, but still poses a significant risk to domestic livestock, wildlife, companion animals and humans throughout the world.

The Michigan Bovine TB Eradication Project involves a multi-agency team of experts from the Michigan Departments of Agriculture (MDA), Natural Resources (DNR) and Community Health (DCH); Michigan State University (MSU) and the US Department of Agriculture (USDA).

Survival Of Mycobacterium Bovis On Feedstuffs Commonly Used As Supplemental Feed For White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus), Mitchell V. Palmer, Diana L. Whipple

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, has become established in free-ranging white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus in northeastern Michigan. The practice of supplemental feeding of white-tailed deer during the winter is believed to contribute to transmission of M. bovis between deer. The current study was conducted to determine the ability of M. bovis to survive on various feedstuffs commonly used as supplemental feed for deer in northeast Michigan (i.e., apples, corn, carrots, sugar beets, potatoes, and hay) and the effect of maintenance at 220 C, 8 C, and 23 C on survival. Mycobacterium bovis survived on all feedstuffs at …

Advances In Bovine Tuberculosis Diagnosis And Pathogenesis: What Policy Makers Need To Know, Mitchell V. Palmer, W. Ray Waters

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

The mainstay of tuberculosis diagnosis in cattle and deer has been the tuberculin skin test. Recent advances have allowed the incorporation of blood based assays to the diagnostic arsenal for both cattle and deer. Use of defined and specific antigens has allowed for improved specificity of cell mediated assays in both cattle and deer and advances in antibody tests for tuberculosis have potential for use in free-ranging and captive cervid populations. Combined use of blood-based assays with skin testing will require further understanding of the effect of skin testing on the accuracy of blood based assays. Models of experimental infection …

Wild Boar And Red Deer Display High Prevalences Of Tuberculosis-Like Lesions In Spain, Joaquín Vicente, Ursula Höfle, Joseba M. Garrido, Isabel G. Fernández-De-Mera, Ramón Juste, Marta Barral, Christian Gortazar

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

We describe the distribution of tuberculosis-like lesions (TBL) in wild boar (Sus scrofa) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Spain. Animals with TBL were confirmed in 84.21% of mixed populations (n = 57) of red deer and wild boar and in 75% of populations of wild boar alone (n = 8) in central and southern Spain (core area). The prevalence of TBL declined towards the periphery of this region. In the core area, the prevalence ranged up to 100% in local populations of wild boar (mean estate prevalence 42.51%) and up to 50% in red deer …

Now & Then (Volume 22, Issue 01, 2006), Center Of Excellence For Appalachian Studies And Services, East Tennessee State University

Now & Then: The Appalachian Magazine

Now & Then: The Appalachian Magazine, Volume 22, Issue 01, published in 2006. The theme of this issue is Family Matters. This issue reflects on the many meanings of family in Appalachian life, from kinship and heritage to community ties that extend beyond blood. Through stories of multigenerational families, remembered neighbors, musicians, miners, and newcomers finding their place in mountain communities, contributors reflect on how identity and belonging are shaped by relationships, memory, and shared history. Essays and features, from tributes to figures like Janette Carter to reflections on land, tradition, and the Sago mining tragedy, highlight the enduring …

Key To Selected Pyraloidea (Lepidoptera) Larvae Intercepted At U.S. Ports Of Entry: Revision Of Pyraloidea In Keys To Some Frequently Intercepted Lepidopterous Larvae By Weisman 1986, M. Alma Solis

USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory

A key to frequently intercepted lepidopterous larvae, designed for the United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA, APHIS) identifiers at US ports, was last revised in 1986. Since then many changes have occurred in the classification, nomenclature, and the nature of commodities being imported into the US. In this revision of the section on Pyraloidea, species recently intercepted are included, the most recent generic combinations are used, and families and subfamilies are now included in the key. Distributions are updated, stating if the species occurs in Hawaii or restricted areas of the continental United States. …

Community Forestry Resource Handbook: A Guide For Establishing And Maintaining Healthy Community Forests Across Nebraska, Matthew C. Hansen

Nebraska Forest Service: Publications

The Nebraska Forest Service (NFS) has served the communities of Nebraska since the beginnings of the Federal Urban and Community Forestry program in 1976. Since that time, the NFS has worked actively with well over half of the state’s 534 cities and villages. In addition, NFS foresters have done public tree inventories, resource assessments and management plans for 175 of those communities. The NFS endeavors to provide the best and most recent technical forestry and arboricultural information to help communities manage their tree resources. Community tree resources are assets that need to be managed and cared for just as any …

Factors Affecting The Site Of Investment, And The Reliance On Savings For Arctic Breeders: The Capital–Income Dichotomy Revisited, Marcel Klaassen, Kenneth F. Abraham, Robert L. Jefferies, Mark Vrtiska

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Staff Research Publications

The extent to which migratory birds that breed in the Arctic and winter in southern biomes rely on residual body stores for reproduction is unresolved. The short arctic summer and the limited availability of food early in the season constrain the time available for successful reproduction. Birds that are able to bring sufficient endogenous reserves to the breeding ground to meet, at least partially, the demands of egg-laying can initiate clutch production soon after arrival, thereby shortening the length of the breeding season and improving the chances of reproductive success. The amount of reserves available will be influenced by body …

Ecology Of The Missouri River. Progress Report, Dingell-Johnson Project F-75-R-24, Supplement I - Missouri River Creel Survey, Camp Creek To Kansas State Line, 1 April Through 13 October 2006., Gerald Mestl

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

This report describes Missouri River activities and results related to a channelized Missouri River creel survey conducted from 29 March through 10 October 2003. This is the fourth of a planned annual creel survey to be conducted on alternating sections of the channelized Missouri River to measure changes in recreational fishing activity, especially those changes due to large scale habitat restoration efforts. Future reports will contain additional analyses of these data. Anglers spent over 30,000 hours fishing the Missouri River from Camp Creek (rk 883.5) to the Kansas state line (rk 790.2) during the survey period. Effort peaked during the …

Financial Statements, 2004-2005, City Of Crestwood

UMSLCAB - UMSL’s Political Science Millennial Era Saint Louis Local Curated Area Budgets

This resource is one among many in the UMSLCAB open dataset at IRL.UMSL.edu/CAB

Audited Modified Cash Basis Financial Statements, 2007, City Of Greendale

UMSLCAB - UMSL’s Political Science Millennial Era Saint Louis Local Curated Area Budgets

This resource is one among many in the UMSLCAB open dataset at IRL.UMSL.edu/CAB

Index To The House Journal State Of Colorado: Sixty-Fifth General Assembly Second Regular Session At Denver, The State Capitol, Colorado General Assembly

Colorado House and Senate Journals

No abstract provided.

Shepherd's Beaked Whale (Tasmacetus Shepherdi): Information On Appearance And Biology Based On Strandings And At-Sea Observations, Robert L. Pitman, Anton L. Van Helden, Peter B. Best, A. Pym

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Shepherd’s beaked whale (Tasmacetus shepherdi), one of the least known cetaceans in the world (Mead 1989, 2002), is currently represented by approximately 42 stranding records and 5 unconfirmed live sightings. Most of the strandings have been from New Zealand (including the Chatham Islands—24 records), but also the Juan Fernandez Islands (2), Argentina (7), Tristan da Cunha (6), and Australia (3) (Fig. 1). A stranding reported from the South Sandwich Islands (Mead 2002) was actually a “probable” at-sea sighting near Shag Rocks (position of sighting: 53°45'S, 42°30' W) reported by Laughlin (1996, see below), and purported strandings from South Africa (e.g., …

Survival Estimates Of Western Gray Whales Eschrichtius Robustus Incorporating Individual Heterogeneity And Temporary Emigration, Amanda Bradford, Paul R. Wade, David Weller, Alexander M. Burdin, Yulia V. Ivashchenko, Grigory A. Tsidulko, Glenn R. Vanblaricom, Robert L. Brownell Jr.

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Gray whales Eschrichtius robustus exist as a 2 geographically and genetically distinct populations in the eastern and western North Pacific. Subjected to intensive commercial whaling during the 19th and 20th centuries, the western population presently numbers approximately 100 individuals and is regarded as one of the most endangered baleen whale populations in the world.

Cetacean Abundance In Hawaiian Waters Estimated From A Summer/Fall Survey In 2002, Jay Barlow

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Cetacean abundance is estimated for the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) around the Hawaiian Islands based on a ship line-transect survey from August to November, 2002. Sighting detection functions are estimated from this and other NOAA research surveys from 1986 to 2002 using a new, multiple-covariate approach. Twenty-four species were seen on this survey, including two species (Fraser’s dolphin [Lagenodelphis hosei] and sei whale [Balaenoptera borealis]) that had not been previously documented to occur in Hawaiian waters. The most abundant large whales are sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) and Bryde’s whales (Balaenoptera edeni). The most …

Immunogenicity Of Combination Dna Vaccines For Rift Valley Fever Virus, Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus, Hantaan Virus, And Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Connie Schmaljohn, Kristin Spik, Amy Shurtleff, Anita Mcelroy, Mary Guttieri, Jay Hooper

United States Army: Publications

DNAvaccines for RiftValley fever virus (RVFV), Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), and Hantaan virus (HTNV), were tested in mice alone or in various combinations. The bunyavirus vaccines (RVFV, CCHFV, and HTNV) expressed Gn and Gc genes, and the flavivirus vaccine (TBEV) expressed the preM and E genes. All vaccines were delivered by gene gun. The TBEV DNA vaccine and the RVFV DNA vaccine elicited similar levels of antibodies and protected mice from challenge when delivered alone or in combination with other DNAs. Although in general, the HTNV and CCHFV DNA vaccines were not very immunogenic …

Maternal Alcohol Use Disorder And Offspring Adhd: Disentangling Genetic And Environmental Effects Using A Children-Of-Twins Design, Valerie S. Knopik, Andrew C. Heath, Theodore Jacob, Wendy S. Slutske, Kathleen K. Bucholz, Pamela A F Madden, Mary Waldron, Nicholas G. Martin

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Plcγ2 Regulates Osteoclastogenesis Via Its Interaction With Itam Proteins And Gab2, Dailing Mao, Holly Epple, Brian Uthgenannt, Deborah V. Novack, Roberta Faccio

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Development Of A Reference Dose For The Persistent Congeners Of Weathered Toxaphene Based On In Vivo And In Vitro Effects Related To Tumor Promotion, Ted Simon, Randall Manning

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

Toxaphene is a mixture of chlorinated camphenes and bornanes that was produced and used in the United States until 1982. 1.3 million tons of toxaphene have been released worldwide. ‘‘Technical’’ toxaphene (TT) consists of a mixture of up to 800 different chemicals, known as congeners. TT weathers in the environment by both biotic and abiotic processes. The human body burden of toxaphene consists of only five persistent congeners that are not metabolized; three of these occur in considerably greater amounts than the other two. Because of the rapid metabolism and excretion of the non-persistent congeners, the persistent congeners that make …

Feral Cats: Too Long A Threat To Hawaiian Wildlife, Steven C. Hess, Paul C. Banko

United States Geological Survey: Publications

Domestic cats (Felis catus) were first brought to Hawai‘i aboard sailing ships of European explorers and colonists. The job of these predators was to control mice and rats on the ships during the long voyages. As in other places, cats were taken in and adopted by the families of Hawai‘i and soon became household pets known as popoki. But cats have always been very well equipped to live and hunt on their own. On tropical archipelagos like the Hawaiian Islands where no other predatory mammals of comparable size existed, abundant and naïve prey were particularly easy game, and …