Digital Commons Network^™

Limited Dispersal And Heterogeneous Predation Risk Synergistically Enhance Persistence Of Rare Prey, Brett J. Goodwin, Clive G. Jones, Eric M. Schauber, Richard S. Ostfeld

Publications

White-footed mice prey on gypsy moth pupae while foraging for other, more abundant food. Mice appear capable of locally extirpating moths since mice exert high predation pressure on sparse pupae and are numerically decoupled from moth populations. Nevertheless, during 23 years of monitoring, moths persisted at scales .1 ha despite frequent extinctions at smaller spatial scales. We hypothesized that spatially heterogeneous intensity in mouse foraging and/or limited moth dispersal might allow moth persistence. Using a spatially explicit, individual-based, empirically parameterized model, we show that neither spatially heterogeneous predation by mice, nor limited moth dispersal alone allows moth persistence at typical …

Towards Scalable Linear-Optical Quantum Computers, J. P. Dowling, J. D. Franson, H. Lee, G. J. Milburn

Faculty Publications

Scalable quantum computation with linear optics was considered to be impossible due to the lack of efficient two-qubit logic gates, despite the ease of implementation of one-qubit gates. Two-qubit gates necessarily need a non-linear interaction between the two photons, and the efficiency of this non-linear interaction is typically very small in bulk materials. However, it has recently been shown that this barrier can be circumvented with effective non-linearities produced by projective measurements, and with this work linear-optical quantum computing becomes a new avenue towards scalable quantum computation. We review several issues concerning the principles and requirements of this scheme. © …

Mega: A Medium-Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy Mission Concept, P. F. Bloser, J. M. Ryan, M. L. Mcconnell, J. R. Macri, U. Bravar, G. Kanbach, R. Andritschke, M. Ajello, A. Zoglauer, S. D. Hunter, B. F. Phlips, E. A. Wulf, D. H. Hartmann, R. S. Miller, W. S. Paciesas, A. D. Zych, R. M. Kippen, T. Vestrand, M. L. Cherry, T. G. Guzik, J. G. Stacy, J. P. Wefel, V. Reglero, G. Di Cocco, J. P. Cravens

Faculty Publications

The Medium Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy (MEGA) telescope concept will soon be proposed as a MIDEX mission. This mission would enable a sensitive all-sky survey of the medium-energy gamma-ray sky (0.4 - 50 MeV) and bridge the huge sensitivity gap between the COMPTEL and OSSE experiments on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, the SPI and IBIS instruments on INTEGRAL, and the visionary Advanced Compton Telescope (ACT) mission. The scientific goals include, among other things, compiling a much larger catalog of sources in this energy range, performing far deeper searches for supernovae, better measuring the galactic continuum and line emissions, and identifying …

The Reddening Of Red Supergiants: When Smoke Gets In Your Eyes, Philip Massey, Bertrand Plez, Emily M. Levesque, K. A.G. Olsen, Geoffrey C. Clayton, Eric Josselin

Faculty Publications

Deriving the physical properties of red supergiants (RSGs) depends on accurate corrections for reddening by dust. We use our recent modeling of the optical spectra of RSGs to address this topic. First, we find that previous broadband studies have underestimated the correction for extinction in the visible, and hence the luminosities (if derived from V); the shift in the effective wavelengths of the standard B and V bandpasses necessitates using an effective value of the ratio R′v = 4.2 to correct broadband photometry of RSGs if Rv = 3.1 for early-type stars viewed through the same dust, where we have …

Caster - A Concept For A Black Hole Finder Probe Based On The Use Of New Scintillator Technologies, Mark L. Mcconnell, Peter F. Bloser, Gary Case, Michael Cherry, James Cravens, T. Gregory Guzik, Kevin Hurley, R. Marc Kippen, John Macri, Richard S. Miller, William Paciesas, James M. Ryan, Bradley Schaefer, J. Gregory Stacy, W. Thomas Vestrand, John P. Wefel

Faculty Publications

The primary scientific mission of the Black Hole Finder Probe (BHFP), part of the NASA Beyond Einstein program, is to survey the local Universe for black holes over a wide range of mass and accretion rate. One approach to such a survey is a hard X-ray coded-aperture imaging mission operating in the 10-600 keV energy band, a spectral range that is considered to be especially useful in the detection of black hole sources. The development of new inorganic scintillator materials provides improved performance (for example, with regards to energy resolution and timing) that is well suited to the BHFP science …

Enhancing The Stability Of Microsomal Cytochrome B5: A Rational Approach Informed By Comparative Studies With The Outer Mitochondrial Membrane Isoform, Na Sun, An Wang, Aaron B. Cowley, Adriana Altuve, Mario Rivera, David R. Benson

Faculty Publications

The outer mitochondrial membrane isoform of mammalian cytochrome b 5 (OM b5) is much less prone to lose heme than the microsomal isoform (Mc b5), with a conserved difference at position 71 (leucine versus serine) playing a major role. We replaced Ser71 in Mc b 5 with Leu, with the prediction that it would retard heme loss by diminishing polypeptide expansion accompanying rupture of the histidine to iron bonds. The strategy was partially successful in that it slowed dissociation of heme from its less stable orientation in bMc b5 (B). Heme dissociation from orientation A was accelerated to a similar …

Cryopreservation Of Human Hematopoietic Stem And Progenitor Cells Loaded With Trehalose: Transient Permeabilization Via The Adenosine Triphosphate-Dependent P2z Receptor Channel, Sandhya S. Buchanan, Michael A. Menze, Steven C. Hand, David W. Pyatt, John F. Carpenter

Faculty Publications

Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HPCs) are a heterogenic population of cells used to treat a number of human diseases. Multilineage differentiation is a required function in successful hematopoietic reconstitution after transplantation of cryopreserved grafts. Conventional use of the cryoprotectant dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has resulted in some reports of infusion related toxicity attributed to DMSO and/or damage to cells during freeze-thawing procedures. The purpose of this study was to explore the use of trehalose, a nontoxic disaccharide of glucose, as an alternative cryoprotectant. Trehalose was introduced into HPCs using the P2Z receptor, known to form nonselective pores in the presence …

Importance Of Race/Ethnicity In Clinical Trials: Lessons From The African-American Heart Failure Trial (A-Heft), The African-American Study Of Kidney Disease And Hypertension (Aask), And The Antihypertensive And Lipid-Lowering Treatment To Prevent Heart Attack Trial (Allhat), Anne L. Taylor, Jackson T. Wright, Richard S. Cooper

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Social Revolution: William Wells Brown's Manifesto, Gregory J.W. Urwin

Civil War Book Review

Social revolution

William Wells Brown's manifesto

Perspectives Fromafield And Afar:Liberation Historiography:African American Writers And The Challenge Of History, 1781-1861, James D. Hardy Jr.

Civil War Book Review

In a strange land

Scholar reunites American and African-American histories

The President Is Shot!: The Assassination Of Abraham Lincoln, Meg Galante-Deangelis

Civil War Book Review

Murder mystery

Non-fiction fit for young readers

Brothers One And All: Esprit De Corps In A Civil War Regiment, Stephen Ross

Civil War Book Review

Camaraderie in combat

Soldiers' devotion proved powerful

This Great Battlefield Of Shiloh: History, Memory, And The Establishment Of A Civil War National Military Park, Harry S. Laver

Civil War Book Review

Preservation efforts

Reconciling North and South

Lincoln: Original News Coverage From The New York Times, Frank J. Williams

Civil War Book Review

Contemporary coverage

News from Lincoln's lifetime

A Mobile Element Based Phylogeny Of Old World Monkeys, Jinchuan Xing, Hui Wang, Kyudong Han, David A. Ray, Cheney H. Huang, Leona G. Chemnick, Caro Beth Stewart, Todd R. Disotell, Oliver A. Ryder, Mark A. Batzer

Faculty Publications

SINEs (Short INterspersed Elements) are a class of non-autonomous mobile elements that are states, making them useful genetic systems for phylogenetic studies. Alu elements are the most successful SINE in primate genomes and have been utilized for resolving primate phylogenetic relationships and human population genetics. However, no Alu based phylogenetic analysis has yet been performed to resolve relationships among Old World monkeys. Using both a computational approach and polymerase chain reaction display methodology, we identified 285 new Alu insertions from sixteen Old World monkey taxa that were informative at various levels of catarrhine phylogeny. We have utilized these elements along …

Direct Constraints On Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet Grounding Events Between 5.12 And 7.94 Ma, Philip J. Bart, Dave Egan, Sophie A. Warny

Faculty Publications

[1] How has the Antarctic Ice Sheet responded to or influenced global climate change? This simple question has been difficult to address because the long-term records of the ice sheet's fluctuations are poorly constrained with geologic data from Antarctica. Thus studies to date have not convincingly established how specific Antarctic Ice Sheet events correlate with climatic, eustatic, or other phenomena known from low-latitude and deep-sea records. This study focused on documenting the direct record of ice sheet advance and retreat to the Antarctic Peninsula's shelf edge. On the peninsula's outer shelf, seismic reflectors interpreted to be subglacial unconformities were correlated …

Remarks On Monotone Control Systems With Multi-Valued Input-State Characteristics, Patrick De Leenheer, Michael Malisoff

Faculty Publications

We announce a new global small-gain theorem for feedback interconnections of monotone input-output systems with multi-valued input-state characteristics. This extends a small-gain theorem of Angeli and Sontag for monotone systems with singleton-valued characteristics. The proof of our theorem is based on Thieme's convergence theory for asymptotically autonomous systems. We also provide an illustrative example. © 2005 IEEE.

Spectra Of High-Redshift Type Ia Supernovae And A Comparison With Their Low-Redshift Counterparts, I. M. Hook, D. A. Howell, G. Aldering, R. Amanullah, M. S. Burns, A. Conley, S. E. Deustua, R. Ellis, S. Fabbro, V. Fadeyev, G. Folatelli, G. Garavini, R. Gibbons, G. Goldhaber, A. Goobar, D. E. Groom, A. G. Kim, R. A. Knop, M. Kowalski, C. Lidman, S. Nobili, P. E. Nugent, R. Pain, C. R. Pennypacker, S. Perlmutter, P. Ruiz-Lapuente, G. Sainton, B. E. Schaefer, E. Smith, A. L. Spadafora, V. Stanishev, R. C. Thomas, N. A. Walton

Faculty Publications

We present spectra for 14 high-redshift (0.17 < z < 0.83) supernovae, which were discovered by the Supernova Cosmology Project as part of a campaign to measure cosmological parameters. The spectra are used to determine the redshift and classify the supernova type, essential information if the supernova are to be used for cosmological studies. Redshifts were derived either from the spectrum of the host galaxy or from the spectrum of the supernova itself. We present evidence that these supernovae are of Type Ia (SNe Ia) by matching to spectra of nearby supernovae. We find that the dates of the spectra relative to maximum light determined from this fitting process are consistent with the dates determined from the photometric light curves, and, moreover, the spectral time sequences for SNe Ia at low and high redshift are indistinguishable. We also show that the expansion velocities measured from blueshifted Ca H and K are consistent with those measured for low-redshift SNe Ia. From these first-level quantitative comparisons we find no evidence for evolution in SN Ia properties between these low- and high-redshift samples. Thus, even though our samples may not be complete, we conclude that there is a population of SNe Ia at high redshift whose spectral properties match those at low redshift. © 2005. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

Classical And Quantum General Relativity: A New Paradigm, Rodolfo Gambini, Jorge Pullin

Faculty Publications

We argue that recent developments in discretizations of classical and quantum gravity imply a new paradigm for doing research in these areas. The paradigm consists in discretizing the theory in such a way that the resulting discrete theory has no constraints. This solves many of the hard conceptual problems of quantum gravity. It also appears as a useful tool in some numerical simulations of interest in classical relativity. We outline some of the salient aspects and results of this new framework. © World Scientific Publishing Company.

An Investigation Of Spectral Metrics In Hyperspectral Image Preprocessing For Classification, Stefan Robila

Department of Computer Science Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

The paper investigates the efficiency of spectral metrics when used in spectral screening of hyperspectral imagery. Spectral screening is the technique of selecting from the data a subset of representative spectra that can be used in further processing. The subset is formed such that any two spectra in it are dissimilar and, for any spectrum in the original image cube, there is a similar spectrum in the subset. The similarity can be described through various spectral distances and can be controlled by a threshold value. The spectral screening can be improved by associating to each spectrum in the subset a …

Pocket-Pc Boolean Function Simplification, Ledion Bitincka, George E. Antoniou

Department of Computer Science Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

In this paper a useful educational tool is presented for minimizing low order Boolean expressions. The algorithm follows the Karnaugh map looping approach. For the implementation, which provides optimal results, C++ coding was used on the Embedded Visual C++ 3.0 Pocket PC using Windows CE Operating System environment. In order to make the overall implementation efficient, the object oriented approach was used. Two examples are presented to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. The proposed application is a useful tool for students and professors in the fields of electrical and computer engineering and computing sciences. © 2005 FEI STU.

The Value Of Nonmaterial Wealth: A Critique Of Microcredit In The United States And It's Ability To Empower Women, Melanie L. Parkhurst

Capstone Projects – Politics and Government

This paper examines the practice of microcredit in the United States. Chapter I consists of a review of the practice of microcredit in the developing world beginning with the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh. The chapter addresses the arguments that support microcredit as a tool for economic development and poverty alleviation as well as the criticisms of microcredit including the argument that microcredit organizations are unable to achieve the scale and financial sustainability that is necessary for success. The chapter addresses why microcredit organizations have traditionally targeted women as their ideal clientele, and later in Chapter I arguments are presented for …

December 1, 2005, University Of North Dakota

University Senate Meeting Minutes

Minutes from the December 1, 2005, meeting of the University Senate. 35 pages

Hispanic Political Power: A Case Study Of Southwest Michigan, Jason Glatz

Masters Theses

This thesis examines the relationship between rising Hispanic immigration and its influence on voting patterns. It examines thirteen Southwestern Michigan counties and compares averaged Republican voting percentages from past elections for the U.S. House of Representatives with the 2000 election. Previous research has established that Hispanics, with the exception of Cubans, predominantly vote for Democratic candidates. If this relationship is true for Southwest Michigan, areas with increasing Hispanic populations should display diminishing Republican voting percentages.

A normal Republican vote was computed for 284 minor civil divisions from the period immediately preceding significant Hispanic immigration and was compared to the 2000 …

Ecotoxicology And Environmental Education In The Development Of A Turtle Conservation Program In Southeastern Tennessee, Stefan L. Moss

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

In 1999, the Tennessee Aquarium initiated a long-term mark-recapture study to promote the conservation of freshwater turtles in the Tennessee River Gorge (TRG). The TRG consists of a 42-kilometer stretch of the Tennessee River surrounded by 27,000 acres (11,000 hectares) and is known as the "Grand Canyon of Tennessee." In 2002, the Aquarium established a partnership with The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga (UTC) and the Tennessee River Gorge Trust (TRGT) to expand the program. Since then, researchers at UTC have been conducting scientific research at the TRG each year in an effort to increase the amount of available information …

Detecting And Mapping The Michigan Vegetation Tension Zone Using Ecological Indicators, Janice Marie Fulford

Masters Theses

Ecotones are areas of transition between adjacent ecosystems that exist at various geographic scales, and are useful in measuring climatic changes. Ecotones are defined by their length and breadth and the ability to detect and map an ecotone from a specific period in time would be useful in measuring current and future change.

The study focused on a 1880's vegetation ecotone in the center of Michigan's Lower Peninsula. This was achieved by deriving ecological variables from the U.S. public land survey's tree species data. These variables were then used to ascertain the length of the ecotone by finding the boundary …

台灣牙醫學生之同理心變化調查, 思光 陳, 曼•傑夫 雪, 達維 李, 明勳 林, 萬烘 藍

Journal of Medical Education

醫療環境中，同理心包括理解病患的經驗與感受，和對病患回應此理解之能力，以為建立互信之基礎。同理心在醫療環境中很重要，在牙醫的醫療行為也應扮演重要角色，但國內尚缺對牙醫師同理心的研究，特別是牙醫學生在養成過程中同理心的變化。本研究使用在美國之牙醫學院研究中證實其信效度的同理心心理量表問卷，以台大牙醫學系各年級共201位學生為對象，回收143份問卷分析後發現，在牙醫系六年修業過程中，一至三年級有較高之同理心，四至五年級同理心降低，六年級又降至更低。一至三年級組與六年級組有顯著差異。此隨年級增加而同理心降低趨勢與以相同問卷調查的美國牙醫系學生相似。整體而言，國內受試之牙醫系學生同理心較美國牙醫學生為低。國內之牙醫教育應重視為何牙醫學生養成中同理心會降低，也應研究為何牙醫學生學前之教育造成國內學生同理心較低。

At Issue: Incorporating Experimental Technologies In The Middle Level Technology Education Classroom, C. J. Shields, George E. Rogers

Journal of STEM Teacher Education

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents

Journal of STEM Teacher Education

No abstract provided.

Behind The Scenes, Janet Z. Burns

Journal of STEM Teacher Education

No abstract provided.