Digital Commons Network^™

Isolation And Characterization Of The Four Arabidopsis Thaliana Poly(A) Polymerase Genes, Lisa Renee Meeks

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Poly(A) tail addition to pre-mRNAs is a highly coordinated and essential step in mRNA maturation involving multiple cis- and trans-acting factors. The trans-acting factor, poly(A) polymerase (PAP) plays an essential role in the polyadenylation of mRNA precursors. The Arabidopsis thaliana genome contains four putative PAP genes. We have found, using in silico analysis and transgenic plants expressing GUS under the control of the four PAP promoters, that each of these genes is expressed in overlapping, yet unique patterns. This gives rise to the possibility that these genes are not redundant and may be essential for plant survival. To further test …

State And Local Governments With Conforming Changes As Of May 1, 2005; Audit And Accounting Guide:, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants. State And Local Government Audit Guide Revision Task Force

Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists

No abstract provided.

The Retail Wave: A Look Into The Future Of The Apparel Industry, Sarah Clemens

Honors Program Theses

Where is the apparel industry headed? The need for retailers to diversify and understand current consumer needs will be the focus for survival as we move through the information age. Technology has and will continue to push the market into new ideas that allow niche retailers to stay slightly ahead of the game. Software to meet apparel consumer needs may be the answer for high end retailers. These retailers have an opportunity to embrace the consumers' internal problems by affirming that problems such as anxiety, obesity and depression exist. Software could help reach not only the consumer's money, but their …

Universal Human Rights, The United Nations, And The Telos Of Human Dignity, William J. Wagner

Scholarly Articles

In this short essay, I seek to provide a description of the way the rights framework, by its nature, functions to unify global practice around normative ideals. I then outline obstacles, both theoretical and practical, to the effective functioning of this framework and the advancement of its purpose. Next, I lay out and critique the means that the Church, in its official teaching, proposes for overcoming these obstacles. I conclude by sketching briefly what I understand to be a more adequate program for addressing the impediments that exist to the realization of the aspiration of universal respect for human dignity …

Dick Whittington And Creativity: From Trade To Folklore, From Folklore To Trade, Susanna Frederick Fischer

Scholarly Articles

In this essay, I consider whether increased intellectual property protection for stories and folktales is a wise policy course. I argue that greater intellectual property protections risk serious harm to innovation and creativity by narrowing the public domain and are not the best means to achieve these desired ends. To make my argument, I draw on the Dick Whittington story as both an example of a folktale in danger of overprotection by expanded intellectual property regimes and also as an analogy to the legal treatment of folklore over the past several decades.

Part II focuses on the Dick Whittington story …

Defense Witness As ‘Accomplice’: Should The Trial Judge Give A ‘Care And Caution’ Instruction?, Clifford S. Fishman

Scholarly Articles

At least three federal circuits have approved a trial judge's decision to give a cautionary accomplice testimony instruction when an alleged accomplice testifies for the defendant. Several state courts and at least one military court have done likewise. Other state courts, in contrast, have explicitly disapproved giving such an instruction and courts in at least one state are divided on the issue.

Part I of this article briefly reviews how courts have traditionally determined whether a prosecution witness is an "accomplice,” and will provide representative samples of cautionary instructions. Part II will examine the federal decisions8 upholding giving a similar …

“Don’T Just Do Something, Stand There!” Humanitarian Intervention And The Drowning Stranger, Sundhya Pahuja

Human Rights & Human Welfare

A review of:

Just Intervention edited by Anthony F. Lang Jr. Washington D.C.: Georgetown University Press, 2003. 231 pp.

and

Reading Humanitarian Intervention: Human Rights and the Use of Force in International Law by Anne Orford. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. 243pp.

A Life In The Realm Of Rights: A Man And A Movement’S History, Tom J. Farer

Human Rights & Human Welfare

A review of:

Taking Liberties: Four Decades in the Struggle for Human Rights by Aryeh Neier. New York: PublicAffairs. 400pp.

Protecting Indigenous Peoples, Paul J. Magnarella

Human Rights & Human Welfare

A review of:

The Origins of Indigenism: Human Rights and the Politics of Identity by Ronald Niezen. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003. 272pp.

and

Indigenous Peoples and the State: The Struggle for Native Rights by Bradley Reed Howard. Dekalb, IL: Northern Illinois University Press, 2003. 252pp.

Democratization In Afghanistan, Chris Rowe

Human Rights & Human Welfare

What determines whether a specific country embarks on the road to democracy, if it completes that voyage successfully, and finally consolidates democratic values, practices, and institutions? Analysts have debated these issues for decades and have identified a number of historical, structural, and cultural variables that help account for the establishment of successful democracies in some countries and its absence in others. Frequently cited prerequisites for democracy include social and economic modernization; a large and vibrant middle class; and cultural norms and values relating to politics.

Democratization In Iraq, Kate Lotz, Tim Melvin

Human Rights & Human Welfare

With the war in Iraq over, Coalition forces are still present as the cultivation of Iraqi democracy is underway. Coalition-led democratization in Iraq will prove to be a lengthy and complex objective, but one which will be pursued until successfully accomplished.

Neotrusteeship In Iraq, Tim Melvin

Human Rights & Human Welfare

This section deals with literature that examines the role and effectiveness of the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA) in administering Iraq from 2003 till 2004. Foreign rule plays an important role in developing failed state’s infrastructure and institutions. By examining critical elements of the CPA’s administration, this section focuses on the overall success and failures of the CPA administrative capacity, and what this means for the future of Iraq’s new government. Since the cessation of the CPA, the Iraqi government has had its ups and downs and is still heavily reliant on the American presence. But some positive elements have been …

State-Building In Iraq, Hafsteinn Hafsteinnsson

Human Rights & Human Welfare

Whether the 2003 invasion of Iraq was principally strategic or humanitarian, the United States’ involvement in Iraq has become a complex state-building mission. While there is agreement within the international community on the importance of rebuilding a democratic Iraq, there are many conflicting viewpoints on how this operation should proceed.

Afghanistan, Greg Sanders

Human Rights & Human Welfare

After September 11, Afghanistan became the first battleground of the War on Terror when the Taliban government refused to turn over Osama Bin Laden and other Al Qaeda members. Human rights concerns about these events fall in two areas. First, did the United States violate human rights when it launched Operation Enduring Freedom to overthrow the Taliban and during the subsequent occupation? Second, have the occupation forces and new regime of under the leadership of Hamid Karzai done enough to improve the previously miserable human rights situation in Afghanistan?

Chechnya, Kelley Laird

Human Rights & Human Welfare

The root of animosity between Russians and Chechens extends for more than a century, beginning when Chechens opposed Russia’s conquest of the Caucasus between 1818 and 1917. Tension reached an apex in the 1940s when Stalin deported thousands of Chechens to Siberia and East Asia in fear that they would collaborate with German Nazis.

Colombia, Travis Ning

Human Rights & Human Welfare

The events of September 11 continued of the pattern of redefinition in the conflict in Colombia. The complex war of today actually began decades ago as a small political struggle, which has gradually developed into a large-scale civil war. The continuation and growth of civil strife in Colombia witnessed the emergence of several organized anti-government guerrilla movements. Some of these groups have since been defeated or have integrated themselves into the recognized political system. Others have continued to violently challenge Colombian government authority. Currently, the two most significant anti-government insurgency groups are the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC) and …

Europe, Victoria Lowdon, Angela Woolliams, Robin Davey

Human Rights & Human Welfare

Both individually and collectively, European countries have vast experience with international and domestic terrorism. Because the point of terrorist attacks is primarily within a particular country (United Kingdom, Turkey and Spain), terrorism has come to be viewed by these states as a domestic problem. At the same time European countries have recognized the value of inter-governmental cooperation, which has been codified in various bilateral and multilateral agreements and conventions dating back to the 1950’s.

The Usa Patriot Act, Toni Panetta

Human Rights & Human Welfare

The events of September 11, 2001 serve as the origin of the United States’ War on Terror as popularized by the Bush administration. Previously, American strategies to combat terrorism focused on attacks against its interests abroad, and support for other governments’ efforts to curb terrorist acts within their own boundaries. However, September 11 revealed vulnerability to violence by non-state actors within U.S. borders. In response, the United States reshaped its anti-terrorist strategies to prevent future attacks by targeting terrorists, foreign and domestic, known and potential.

Intellectualizing Property: The Tenuous Connections Between Land And Copyright, Stewart E. Sterk

Articles

Increased use of the intellectual property label to describe copyright and related areas of law has spawned analogies to the protections afforded real property. These analogies ignore significant differences between the foundations that undergird real and intellectual property rights. In particular, real property rights operate to avoid breaches of the peace and tragedies of the commons - problems that do not arise with intellectual works - while copyright and other intellectual property rights are designed to provide an incentive to create, an incentive irrelevant when land is at issue. These disparities in justification caution against routine importation of real property …

The Use Of People As Information Sources In Biblical Studies Research, David H. Michels

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

In this exploratory study, I examined the role that people play as informal information sources in biblical studies research. Using semi-structured interviews, I asked a group of seven biblical studies researchers specific questions about their information-seeking behaviour. The study demonstrated that the majority of the researchers regularly used people as information sources in their research. Sometimes they sought factual information from these sources but most frequently they sought affective information; they sought evaluation and affirmation from their colleagues regarding the direction of their research.

Student Freedom Of Expression: Violent Content And The Safe School Balance, A. Wayne Mackay, Janet Burt-Gerrans

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

The authors begin with a discussion of of the duality in how children are viewed in both international and domestic law. Children are viewed as both under the protection and authority of adults, at the same time as being rights bearing individuals. Following recognition of the difficult tension created by this duality, these authors focus on its application in the balancing of the safe school environment with student freedom of expression. In particular these authors examine cases and scenarios that highlight the complex relationships that result when student expression contains violent content. This timely examination gives consideration to the contemporary …

A Constitutional Defence Of The Federal Ban On Human Cloning For Research Purposes, Jocelyn Downie, Jennifer Llewellyn, Françoise Baylis

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

Parliament's prohibition on cloning in the Assisted Human Reproduction Act has led to divergent views on the validity of the legislation. This article responds to an article in volume 29, no. 2 of this journal by Barbara Billingsley and Timothy Caulfield, who suggested that the federal ban would likely not survive a Charter challenge. Billingsley and Caulfield argued that scientific experiments are expressive acts, deserving of protection under section 2(b) of the Charter, which guarantees freedom of expression. In their view, both the breadth of the legislative objective and the proportionality of the measure would preclude the courts from finding …

When Will We Have Cross-Border Licensing Of Copyright And Related Rights In Europe?, Lucie Guibault

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

In Europe, much has been written recently about the collective management of copyright and related rights. April 2004 saw the publication of the European Commission’s Communication to the Council and the European Parliament on the Management of Copyright and Related Rights in the Internal Market. This communication confirms the Commission’s intention to adopt, in the not too distant future, a directive on the governance of the societies for collective management of copyright and related rights (collecting societies) in Europe. In addition to describing the current situation in the area of collective management of copyright and related rights in the European …

Peeling An Orange And Finding An Apple – Book Review Of Joseph Magnet And Dwight Dorey Eds., Aboriginal Rights Litigation (Markham: Lexisnexis Butterworths, 2003), Constance Macintosh

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

Aboriginal Rights Litigation suffers from a certain amount of thematic confusion: the reading experience is akin to peeling an orange and finding an apple inside-- a lovely piece of fruit but not the one you expected. And if you wanted to make orange juice, you are simply out of luck.

The Boundaries Of Medicare: Tensions In The Dual Role Of Ontario's Physician Services Review Committee, Colleen M. M. Flood, Joanna Erdman

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

In this research, we describe and analyse the Physician Services Committee (PSC) in Ontario, focusing on its role in determining what physician services are publicly funded and what services are de-listed (i.e. no longer eligible for public funding). We explain how the PSC's role in determining the boundaries of Medicare is in tension with its role as a medium for labour relations between the government and the medical profession. We suggest that while the values of privacy, secrecy and a lack of transparency may enhance the PSC's fulfillment of its labour relations mandate, they impede the Committee's successful fulfillment of …

Accumulation Of Retinol In The Liver After Prolonged Hyporetinolemia In The Vitamin A-Sufficient Rat, Sin Gieng, Jens Raila, Francisco Rosales

Faculty Publications

We assessed the effects of prolonged reduction of plasma retinol concentrations (hyporetinolemia) on the distribution of tissue vitamin A (VA) and of its active compounds using a model of continuous recombinant human interleukin-6 (rhIL-6) infusion via osmotic minipumps in VA-sufficient male rats. Plasma retinol and retinol-binding protein (RBP) concentrations remained decreased and lower in rhIL-6-treated rats compared with controls from 7.5 h throughout 7 days of infusion (P < 0.001). This reduction was accompanied by a 68% increase in hepatic retinol concentration by 7 days (P < 0.05). Hepatic and renal retinyl palmitate and retinoic acid concentrations did not change, and renal megalin content remained unchanged; hepatic RBP concentrations were 41% lower in rhIL-6-treated rats compared with controls (P < 0.05). These results indicate that instead of being lost, retinol accumulated in the liver during inflammation and that hyporetinolemia was attributable to a decrease in the availability of hepatic RBP. A plausible consequence of the effect of rhIL-6-induced hyporetinolemia is that by 7 days tissues that are dependent on plasma retinol may become deprived of VA.These results have important implications in understanding the mechanism by which measles infection induces hyporetinolemia and VA deficiency of extrahepatic tissues.

Little Sisters: An Exploration Of Agency, Cultural Borderlands, And Institutional Constraints In The Lives Of Two Teenage Girls, Rosemary C. Henze

Faculty Publications

Part of a special issue on challenging corporate control of schools and communities. The writer discusses her experience with the Big Brothers and Big Sisters organization in Oakland, California, of mentoring two teenage girls who live in poverty and encounter crises and hardship almost daily. She examines the concepts of agency and social and cultural borderlands to help explain the divergent school performances of the two girls and investigates the concepts' utility in the pursuit of social justice for young women. She conducts her exploration within the broader context of dynamic change.

Finding The Jury: State Legislative Responses To Blakely V. Washington, Don Stemen, Daniel F. Wilhelm

Criminal Justice & Criminology: Faculty Publications & Other Works

No abstract provided.

Chamber List 1, Robert Bucholz

The Database of Court Officers 1660-1837

Lord Chamberlain's Office; Privy Purse; Bedchamber

Seeing Fluency First Through The Kaleidoscope Of Grammaring, Martha Iancu

Faculty Publications - Department of Sociology

Fluency First inspires second language students to become readers, a major step forward in their language and academic development. By providing meaningful content and practices that nurture all language skills in accord with the grammaring principles and practices proposed by Larsen-Freeman, Fluency First offers great promise in the struggle to overcome the inert knowledge problem.