Digital Commons Network^™

Reflections On The Perpetual Myth Of The University As Seeker Of Truth, Michael I. Krauss

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents - Cardozo Journal Of Law & Gender, Vol. 12, Iss. 1

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

No abstract provided.

David Reimer's Legacy: Limiting Parental Discretion, Hazel Glenn Beh, Milton Diamond

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article argues that parents should not have unilateral authority to consent to surgeries aimed at normalizing intersex children's genitalia. It emphasizes that such decisions should be deferred until the child can make informed choices, highlighting the long-term psychological and physical risks associated with early surgeries.

Hacking The Gender Binary Myth: Recognizing Fundamental Rights For The Intersexed, Sara R. Benson

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article argues that current medical practices allowing parents and doctors to assign a physical sex to intersex children through surgery violate the child's fundamental rights to bodily integrity, personality, gender identity, and sexuality. These rights, while not yet fully defined in jurisprudence, provide a framework for protecting individuals from unwarranted governmental and medical intrusion. The article advocates for delaying such decisions until the child can consent, drawing on the Colombian Constitutional Court's recognition of a child's right to develop their gender identity. It also highlights the broader implications for transgender rights and challenges societal gender binaries.

Outside The Law: Intersex, Medicine And The Discourse Of Rights, Jo Bird

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article argues that the legal system perpetuates the erasure of intersex individuals by constructing intersex as a medical rather than a legal issue, leading to human rights violations. It contends that the law requires individuals to fit into a binary sex classification to be recognized as fully human, thereby denying intersex people legal visibility and protection. The article advocates for the recognition of intersex as a legal category to address the systemic discrimination and violence intersex individuals face, particularly in medical practices.

Cutting It: Surgical Interventions And The Sexing Of Children, Marie Fox, Michael Thomson

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article critiques the normalization of non-consensual surgical interventions on children, particularly focusing on male circumcision and intersex surgeries, arguing that these practices are rooted in cultural and gender norms rather than medical necessity. It challenges the legal and ethical frameworks that allow such surgeries, emphasizing the need for informed consent and stricter regulations.

Intersex And Intrasex Debates: Building Alliances To Challenge Sex Discrimination, Julie A. Greenberg

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article discusses the challenges faced by the intersex movement in challenging medical protocols for intersex infants and the debates within the movement regarding treatment approaches. It highlights the importance of forming alliances with other social justice movements, such as feminists and LGBT organizations, to effectively combat sex discrimination. The article proposes using a gender nonconformity theory, as recognized in legal cases like Price Waterhouse v. Hopkins, to unify these groups in their fight against discrimination.

Distracted Attentions: Intersexuality And Human Rights Protections, Morgan Holmes

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article argues that the medicalization of intersex conditions, often justified under an "emergency" rationale, undermines the autonomy and human rights of intersex individuals, particularly children. It critiques the framing of intersex as a medical emergency, which allows clinicians to bypass informed consent and prioritize the interests of families and medical professionals over those of the intersex individual. The article advocates for a shift in approach, emphasizing human rights protections and the need to respect the autonomy of intersex persons.

Engendering Sex: Birth Certificates, Biology And The Body In Anglo American Law, Saru Matambanadzo

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article critically examines the legal determination of sex, particularly for transgender individuals, arguing that current systems relying on rigid biological definitions fail to account for the complexity of gender identity. It advocates for a shift towards recognizing "lived gender," which integrates biology, culture, psychology, and social interactions to create a more inclusive and accurate legal framework. This approach challenges traditional legal and medical constructs that have historically marginalized transgender individuals and calls for legal reform to better reflect individual experiences and promote inclusivity.

Out Of The O.R. And Into The Streets: Exploring The Impact Of Intersex Media Activism, Sharon E. Preves

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

Babies are born intersexed, with ambiguous genitalia or other reproductive anatomical features, every day. Physical sexual ambiguity occurs frequently, affecting approximately one in 2000 births. Most infants born intersexed are surgically and hormonally altered to reflect the sexual anatomy associated with "standard" female or male sex assignment. This article explores the mobilization and methods of intersex individuals and their allies to destigmatize intersexuality and to alter the medical treatment they receive. I explore the intersex movement's use of mass media as a strategic activist tool and the implications of this mobilization for cultural and medical reform, arguing that media attention …

What Happened At Hopkins: The Creation Of The Intersex Management Protocols, Alison Redick

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article examines the development of intersex management protocols at Johns Hopkins University, highlighting their significance as a pivotal shift in medical treatment and the conceptual understanding of sex and gender. It argues that these protocols, introduced by John Money and his team in 1955, moved away from a case-by-case approach to a standardized method, influenced by Money's theory of gender acquisition, which emphasized environmental factors over biological ones. The protocols aimed to enforce binary gender norms through practices like early surgical interventions, which the article critiques as flawed and harmful.

Radical Tweak-Relocating The Power To Assign Sex, Elizabeth Reilly

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article argues that the legal system's enforcement of binary sex classification perpetuates harm against intersex individuals by mandating sex assignment at birth and enabling non-consensual medical interventions. It proposes removing sex designation from birth certificates to allow individuals to self-identify their sex later in life, promoting autonomy and reducing harm.

Sharply Drawn Lines: An Examination Of Title Ix, Intersex, And Transgender, Emily Q. Shults

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article advocates for a broader interpretation of Title IX to protect transgender and intersex individuals from discrimination in educational settings. It argues that the current legal framework's rigid binary understanding of sex and gender is outdated and harmful, and that discrimination based on gender identity and expression constitutes sex discrimination under Title IX. The author emphasizes the need for legal adaptation to recognize the fluidity of sex and gender.

Approaching Critical Mass: An Exploration Of The Role Of Intersex Allies In Creating Positive Education, Advocacy And Change, Moonhawk River Stone M.S.

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The purpose of this article is to explore the role of allies working on behalf of intersex people. The article approaches this exploration from various perspectives that have informed the author's ally work with intersex issues for more than ten years. First, the author begins with the personal perspective and the way in which the author became an ally of intersex people. Second, the article discusses the perspective of psychological trauma, the tapestry of which is interwoven through all aspects of intersex history and experience. Third, the author delineates ally attitudes, behaviors, and tasks that are important when one is …

Finders-Keepers: A Bright-Line Rule Awarding Custody To Gestational Mothers In Cases Of Fertility Clinic Error, Josh Deutsch

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The note advocates for the adoption of a "gestational brightline rule" to resolve custody disputes arising from fertility clinic errors, arguing that this approach provides legal clarity, avoids emotional harm, and withstands constitutional scrutiny. It critiques the intent test for its inadequacy in such cases and proposes that the gestational mother should be awarded custody, with exceptions for cases involving felony or substance abuse by the birth mother. The rule is justified by the gestational mother's physiological and emotional connection to the child, as well as the need to prevent legal uncertainty and reduce litigation costs.

Naked Before The Law: Reality Porn And The Capacity To Contract, Benjamin J. Cooper

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The note examines the legal challenges surrounding reality pornography, particularly through the lens of the Girls Gone Wild series, highlighting the tension between First Amendment protections for producers and the rights of participants. It argues that the legal framework governing consent, exploitation, and contractual agreements in this context is unclear and often fails to protect participants, many of whom face severe consequences. The analysis underscores the complexities of balancing public interest, contractual capacity, and the rights of minors in this lucrative yet legally fraught industry.

Intersex Education, Advocacy & The Law: The Struggle For Recognition And Protection, Erin Lloyd

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The report addresses the lack of recognition and protection for intersex individuals, highlighting the controversial medical practices and legal challenges they face. It advocates for a shift from non-consensual surgeries to a more informed, rights-based approach, emphasizing the need for legal reforms and societal acceptance.

Annotated Legal Bibliography On Gender

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents - Cardozo Women's Law Journal, Vol. 11, Iss. 3

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

No abstract provided.

On Academic Discrimination, Janet Ainsworth

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article critiques the argument that women's underrepresentation in the physical sciences is due to innate intellectual inferiority or a lack of willingness to work long hours. It challenges the assumptions underlying such claims, arguing that discrimination and socialization play significant roles, and that the notion of requiring "super-intelligence" for academic success is overstated and unproven. The author advocates for addressing systemic biases and unstated assumptions in academia rather than focusing on debates about innate differences.

Summers' Personal As Political: Reasoning Without Effort From Stereotypes, Ellen M. Bublick

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

No abstract provided.

The Alchemy Of A Moral Discourse About The Biology Of Gender: Historical Sensitivity, Genetic Literacy, And The Will To Imagine A Different Equality, Doriane Lambelet Coleman

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article explores the intersection of biology, genetics, and gender, emphasizing the need for a cautious and informed approach when integrating scientific findings into legal and social policies. It highlights the historical misuse of science to justify discrimination and advocates for a nuanced understanding that balances genetic insights with ethical considerations. The author proposes moving beyond a one-size-fits-all model of equality to one that accommodates differences, ensuring equitable opportunities for all.

Annotated Legal Bibliography On Gender

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

No abstract provided.

Hamilton's Rule In Reciprocal Altruism And Symbiosis, Jeffrey Fletcher, Martin Zwick

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

In lieu of an abstract, here is the outline:

Do Inclusive Fitness and Reciprocal Altruism Models embody different or similar mechanisms?

Background

• The Prisoner’s Dilemma (PD), Hamilton’s Rule (Queller’s version)

Apply Hamilton’s Rule to Reciprocal Altruism:

• Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma model
• A model of symbiosis

Towards a Unified Theory

The Current State Of Advance Directive Law In Ohio: More Protective Of Provider Liability Than Patients Rights, Marie Ortman

Journal of Law and Health

Ohio has adopted the Modified Uniform Rights of the Terminally Ill Act which governs the use and execution of written advance directives as expressions of a patient's desire to consent to or refuse future medical treatment. However, the Act also includes a provision that grants both civil and criminal immunity to health care providers who do not comply with a person's written advance directive. Unfortunately, because of the grant of civil and criminal immunity encompassed within the adopted written advance directive statutes, Ohio law today does not afford any greater protection of a patient's right to refuse medical treatment at …

Hidden Meanings: A Search For The Historical Worldview In The Oberlin College Ethnographic Collection Organizational Systems, Erin Evangeline Allen

Honors Papers

My study will aim at revealing the role of system authors in creating and maintaining catalogue systems for museum collections. These systems, created to organize, structure, and keep track of the material in a museum collection, often hold the theoretical autograph of the people involved in their conception, and are "artifacts in their own right" (Southwood 2003:105). As a result, Kaplan notes, "any residual claims of innocence and objectivity are completely unfounded" (Kaplan 2002:211). To demonstrate, this paper will look extensively at the catalogue systems and reorganizations that have affected the Ethnographic Collection at Oberlin College since its codification in …

Estimation Of Subject Specific Icp Dynamic Models Using Prospective Clinical Data, Wayne W. Wakeland, Joe Fusion, B. Goldstein

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

We used a prospective clinical trial to generate physiologic data to create subject-specific in silico (computer simulation) models of intracranial pressure dynamics in children with severe traumatic brain injury. The trial included a physiologic challenge protocol with changes in head-of-bed elevation and minute ventilation, applied over multiple iterations to three subjects. Physiologic signals (electrocardiogram, respiration, arterial blood pressure, intracranial pressure [ICP], oxygen saturation) were recorded continuously, along with clinical annotations indicating the precise timing of physiologic challenges. Several parameters within the model of ICP dynamics were estimated for each subject based on the ICP response to the challenges. Estimation was …

The Positive Perspective On Youth Development, M. E. P. Seligman, M. W. Berkowitz, R. F. Catalano, W. Damon, J. S. Eccles, Jane Gillham, K. A. Moore, H. J. Nicholson, N. Park, D. L. Penn, C. Peterson, M. Shih, T. A. Steen, R. J. Sternberg, J. P. Tierney, R. P. Weissberg, J. F. Zaff

Psychology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Natural History And The Deep Roots Of Resource Management, Thomas L. Fleischner

Natural Resources Journal

No abstract provided.

Mind And Heart 2005, Whitworth University

Mind and Heart Newsletter

No abstract provided.