Digital Commons Network^™

Energetic Constraints On Diapause In Calanus Finmarchicus: Implications For Population Dynamics In The Gulf Of Maine, Whitley Joseph Saumweber

Open Access Dissertations

Deep basins in the Gulf of Maine act as refuge for a large population of resting Calanus finmarchicus during the summer and fall. Dynamics of this population are not well understood, however, and loss terms from advection and starvation may be large. A three part study was therefore undertaken to determine potential diapause duration in C. finmarchicus , monitor changes in the summer-fall population, and to define the relative importance of energetic limitation as a control on C. finmarchicus population dynamics. Six standard stations were sampled in and around the Gulf of Maine on a series of four research cruises …

Destruction Of Tnt And Rdx Residues And Devices, Junqi Yue

Open Access Dissertations

Concentrations of TNT and RDX in soil (10%) decomposed similar to the neat explosive. First-order rate constants ranged from 1.14 × 10 -7/sec (100°C) to 4.42 × 10-4/sec (250°C) for soil with 10% TNT compared to neat TNT [1.21 × 10-7 (100°C) and 7.78 × 10-5/sec (250°C)]. The 10% RDX is soil had rate constants that ranged from 1.86 × 10-5/sec (175°C) to 4.60 × 10-4/sec (210°C) compared to neat RDX [3.01 × 10-5/sec (175°C) and 1.03 × 10-3/sec (175°C). Low concentrations of TNT and RDX (i.e. 0.1%) decomposed faster than the neat explosives with rate constants ranging 2.81 × …

Identification Of Oct-2 As A Mediator Of Lead Neurotoxicity, Saleh Abdulrahman Bakheet

Open Access Dissertations

Lead exposure is highly neurotoxic, particularly to the developing brain. A potential mechanism through which lead could precipitate cerebral damage is by perturbations in the regulation of genes mediated by transcription factors involved in neural development. Macroarray screening analysis was conducted in vivo in an attempt to identify novel transcription factors that are involved in the response to lead exposure in the hippocampus of developing rats. Oct-2 was identified as a novel transcription factor prominently induced by lead. Lead-induced elevation of Oct-2 was confirmed by RT-PCR analysis and the functional properties of Oct-2 were examined using EMSA. We found that …

An Analogue Study Of Stigma, Help-Seeking Attitudes, And Symptom Severity In Postpartum Depression, Christine Dias-Vieira

Open Access Dissertations

The primary goal of the present study was to test the effect of presenting young adults with educational information that was designed to decrease stigma and increase the favorability of attitudes toward seeking treatment for postpartum depression. The effect of information and symptom severity on ratings of stigma and attitudes toward help-seeking were investigated through the use of a 2 X 2 factorial design. Approximately 500 undergraduate students recruited from various classes at the University of Rhode Island were randomly assigned to receive information about pregnancy or postpartum depression. They were also assigned to read a vignette about a target …

Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Help In A Multi-Ethnic Sample: The Roles Of Beliefs About Mental Illness Etiology, Religious Orientation, And Acculturation, Pascal Jean-Pierre

Open Access Dissertations

The present research examined the roles of various cultural and demographic characteristics (i.e., beliefs about mental illness etiology, religious orientation and acculturation) in individuals' attitudes toward seeking professional help. Data collected from a multiethnic sample of 255 English fluent adult participants [Haitians (n = 55), Cape Verdeans (n = 30), Dominicans (n = 41), Puerto Ricans (n = 39), Irish (n = 44), and Italians (n = 46)] were included in this secondary analysis. Participants voluntarily completed questionnaire packets for a previous study by the present author. Previously analyzed variables (e.g., beliefs about mental illness etiology and acculturation) and new …

Remediation Techniques For Removal Of 2,4-Dnt From Concrete & Estimation Of Diffusion Coefficient Of N-Hexadecane In Concrete, Sachin Phutane

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Destabilizing Gender : Hemingway's The Garden Of Eden And Winterson's Written On The Body, Daniela Marinova Koleva

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Childhood Physical, Sexual, And Domestic Abuse Predictors Of Adult Mmpi-2 Psychiatric Symptoms, Brian K. Moe

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Adolescent High-Risk Behavior And Individual Resilient Qualities, Beth J. Zavalney

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Syntheses And Characterizations Of Diazaphosphasiletidines, Diazasilastibetidines, And Their Metal Complexes, Brian K. Wegley

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Check Only One: M/F/Other, Julie Shapiro

Faculty Articles

In this extremely brief essay, the author questions Lawrence Summers' generalizations about women in science. We live in a world of uncertainty about the boundaries of gender. Transgendered and intersexed individuals challenge us to step away from strict categories of men and women.

Acer 1980-2004 Annual Report Index, Margaret Findlay

ACER Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Science Instruction And English Language Learners, Dekey P. Lama

Graduate Research Papers

More students with limited English proficiency attending U.S. public schools merits a reassessment of science teaching approaches so such students can succeed in these areas. Federal and state governments have initiated steps which allow school districts to lead in the development of quality science education programs to assist English language learners in science learning. Successful science teachers develop courses employing research-based curricula with relevant content and recognition of students' cultures, and English language learning needs and styles. Students' interaction with content and materials in the classroom, especially those based on related local problems, encourages their success in comprehending the relevance …

Adoption Notices To Genetic Fathers: No To Scarlet Letters, Yes To Good Faith Cooperation, Jeffrey A. Parness

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

American courts and legislatures have struggled to define the participation rights of genetic fathers in governmental adoption schemes for infants born to unwed mothers as a result of consensual sexual intercourse. Federal constitutional privacy interests in both paternity opportunity and childrearing compel a certain level of genetic father participation. However, excessive levels of participation undermine the goals of swift, final, and inexpensive adoptions, as well as deny some maternal preferences. The difficulties in balancing genetic father participation with competing interests are well illustrated by recent developments in Florida. There, the so-called "Scarlet Letter" law of 2001 (effectively branding women as …

Design-Based Research Strategies For Developing A Scientific Inquiry Curriculum In A Multi-User Virtual Environment, B. Nelson, D. J. Ketelhut, Jody Clarke-Midura, C. Bowman, C. Dede

Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences Faculty Publications

This National Science Foundation funded project is studying graphical multi-user virtual environments (MUVEs) to investigate whether using this interactive medium in classroom settings can simulate real-world experimentation and can provide students with engaging, meaningful learning experiences that enhance scientific literacy. In the project's River City curriculum, teams of middle school students are asked to collaboratively solve a digital 19th century city's problems with illness, through interaction with digital artifacts, tacit clues, and computer-based 'agents' acting as mentors and colleagues in a virtual community of practice. This article describes the design-based research strategy by which we are currently extending an educational …

Battle-Wise: Gaining Advantage In Networked Warfare, David C. Gompert, Irving Lachow, Justin Perkins

Defense and Technology Papers

This paper summarizes a forthcoming National Defense University book suggesting why and how the U.S. and allied forces should improve the cognitive faculties of military decisionmakers to attain new operational and strategic advantages or to avoid the loss of advantages they now enjoy.

The Emergence Of Exacted Conservation Easements, Jessica Owley Lippmann

Articles

No abstract provided.

More Criminalisation In Canada: More Of The Same?, Harry J. Glasbeek

Articles & Book Chapters

No abstract provided.

Evaluation And Derivation Of Cloud-Cover Algorithms For Calculation Of Surface Irradiance In Sub-Antarctic And Antarctic Environments, Hae-Cheol Kim, Eileen E. Hofmann

CCPO Publications

To investigate approaches for parameterizing cloud cover effects in models of surface irradiance, the daily-averaged and hourly irradiances measured at Palmer Station (64°46'S, 64°3'W), McMurdo Station (77°51'S, 166°40'E) and Ushuaia (54°49'S, 68°19'W) between 1993 and 1997 were compared to irradiance values computed with a clear sky radiative transfer model in which nine empirical cloud-cover correction relationships were included. The cloud cover correction algorithms improved the simulated irradiance by factors of 3 and 3.7 for Palmer Station and Ushuaia, respectively, over the non-corrected irradiances. No single cloud cover correction algorithm worked consistently at the three sites. Therefore, a power function cloud …

Can Otolith Elemental Signatures Record The Capture Site Of Patagonian Toothfish (Dissostichus Eleginoides), A Fully Marine Fish In The Southern Ocean?, J. R. Ashford, C. M. Jones, E. Hofmann, I. Everson, C. Moreno, G. Duhamel, R. Williams

CCPO Publications

Otolith chemistry has been successfully used to reconstruct the environmental history experienced by estuarine-dependent teleost fish, including movement between estuaries and coastal areas. However, application has been more limited in species exposed exclusively to oceanic waters, where gradients in physical and chemical properties are less extreme. To test whether otolith elemental signatures record spatial information in an oceanic species, we sampled otoliths from Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) and used an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) coupled to a laser ablation system to target the outer otolith edges corresponding to the period immediately before capture. Using multivariate analysis …

The Role Of Feeding Behavior In Sustaining Copepod Populations In The Tropical Ocean, J. D. Wiggert, A. G. E. Haskell, G.-A. Paffenhofer, E. E. Hofmann, J. M. Klinck

CCPO Publications

A fundamental question regarding marine copepods is how the many species coexist and persist in the oligotrophic environment (i.e. Hutchinson’s paradox). This question is addressed with a stochastic, object-oriented Lagrangian model that explicitly simulates the distinct foraging behaviors of three prominent tropical species: Clausocalanus furcatus, Paracalanus aculeatus and Oithona plumifera. The model also individually tracks all prey cells. Each particle’s motion combines sinking, turbulent diffusion and active swimming when applicable. The model successfully simulates observed size partitioned carbon uptake rates. Based on the model results, the wide-ranging translational ambit employed by C. furcatus is best suited for the acquisition …

Status And Trends In Water Quality And Living Resources In The Virginia Chesapeake Bay: Rappahannock River (1985-2003), Daniel M. Dauer, Harold G. Marshall, John R. Donat, Michael F. Lane, Suzanne C. Doughten, Frederick A. Hoffman

Status and Trends for Virginia Chesapeake Bay

The Virginia Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries continue to show some environmental trends indicating progress toward restoration of a more balanced and healthy ecosystem. However, the Bay system remains degraded and some areas and indicators show continuing degradation. Progress in reducing nutrient inputs has made demonstrable improvements and we expect that continued progress toward nutrient reduction goals, along with appropriate fisheries management and chemical contaminant controls, will result in additional improvements to the Bay. Findings from the last 18 years of the monitoring programs are highlighted below. In 1995, the Virginia DEQ instituted changes to its analytical techniques for …

Status And Trends In Water Quality And Living Resources In The Virginia Chesapeake Bay: James River (1985-2003), Daniel M. Dauer, Harold G. Marshall, John R. Donat, Michael F. Lane, Suzanne C. Doughten, Frederick A. Hoffman

Status and Trends for Virginia Chesapeake Bay

The Virginia Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries continue to show some environmental trends indicating progress toward restoration of a more balanced and healthy ecosystem. However, the Bay system remains degraded and some areas and indicators show continuing degradation. Progress in reducing nutrient inputs has made demonstrable improvements and we expect that continued progress toward nutrient reduction goals, along with appropriate fisheries management and chemical contaminant controls, will result in additional improvements to the Bay. Findings from the last 18 years of the monitoring programs are highlighted below.

In 1995, the Virginia DEQ instituted changes to its analytical techniques for …

A Neighborhood Study Regarding The Relationship Between Social Identity And Street Corner Drinking, Irene Hoskin Heard

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

This study offered valuable insight into a sub-cultural setting where heavy drinking on the street-corner occurs among a group of African-American men. Data were collected via participant observation, with two primary goals: first, to study street-corner drinking within its larger contextual settings--the family, the neighborhood and larger society--in order to more fully contextually ground this practice; second, to describe the many facets of the identity of the man who drinks on the street corner, rather than view him only as a drinking man. It became evident that the corner drinking men could be considered heavy or problem drinkers, yet ones …

The Fear Of Death And The Fear Of Dying: Possible Barriers To Altruistic Behavior, Jennifer Haskin Corwin

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Research in the study of the fear of death and dying and the study of altruism implies that there is a dynamic relationship between the two fields. Rarely, if ever, has a direct connection been made. This study is an effort to further explore the relationship that exists between the fear of death and dying, altruistic behavior, self-esteem, and perceptions of a common humanity. Through the synthesis of these four key social psychological concepts, a theoretical model was developed and tested.

Through the examination and statistical analysis of quantitative data and the systematic evaluation of interview data, several connections between …

International Animal Rights: Speciesism And Exclusionary Human Dignity, Kyle Ash

Animal Law Review

The primary goal of this paper is to act as a heuristic device, to suggest an unconventional but practical perspective on the evolution of international law. Upon surveying discourse on the history of international law, texts of treaties, and declarations and writings of influential philosophers of law and morality, an antiquated perspective of humanity is apparent. A convention in international law, and a reflection of a common idea which feeds the foreboding trend of how humans relate to the planet, treats humanity as distinctively separate from the Earth’s biodiversity. Though environmental law is beginning to recognize the necessity of conserving …

Chinese Endangered Species At The Brink Of Extinction: A Critical Look At The Current Law And Policy In China, Charu Sharma

Animal Law Review

The People’s Republic of China harbors a vast number of plant and animal species, but those species have long been threatened by a thriving illegal trade. China became a signatory to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species in 1981 and has since passed a number of wildlife protection laws and regulations in an effort to curb the illegal trade and begin revitalizing some of its nearly-extinct animal populations. This article critically examines China’s legislation and judicial decisions, concluding that much work remains to be done to protect endangered species in China.

A Review Of Animal Rights: Current Debates And New Directions, Laura Ireland Moore

Animal Law Review

No abstract provided.

2004 Legislative Review, Joshua D. Hodes

Animal Law Review

No abstract provided.

Maximizing Scientific Integrity In Environmental Regulations: The Need For Congress To Provide Guidance When Scientific Methods Are Inadequate Or When Data Is Inconclusive, Mariyetta Meyers

Animal Law Review

A “best science available” directive appears in a variety of environmental law statutes. Although seemingly clear, this directive has created an abundance of litigation with various plaintiffs challenging agency decisions under the Administrative Procedure Act’s (APA) arbitrary and capricious standard of review. The courts’ review of the agency decisions based on such science largely depends on the various ways in which the “best science available” directive is written in the particular statute. That is, the more specific the congressional mandate, the less latitude the agency has in implementing congressional will; the broader the statutory language, the more breathing space the …